知行英语综合教程2 Unit8

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语 知行英语

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语

Task 1Answer the questions by matching the following items.

1

What are eco-friendly products? 1) hybrid (混合动力的) 2) organic 3) solar 4) recyclable A paper B bottles C cars D food

5) unbleached (未漂白的)

E energy

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语

Task 1

2

What are not environmentally friendly? 1) paper 2) plastic 3) disposable (一次性的) 4) fossil (矿物) A bags B cups C tissue (纸巾) D chemicals

5) toxic (有毒的)

E fuels

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语

Task 2Work in pairs. Look at the following layout of a supermarket. Discuss with your partner in which section you will find the following products or service. A 1DELICACIES

FRESH MEATS & SEAFOOD

B

shrimps & crabs ice-cream & Coke canned (罐装的) beans payment (付款) sausage beef vase

A C J I D A

ECHEESE

2 3 4 5

C

DFROZEN FOODS & BEVERAGES PREPARED FOODS

FFLORIST

GBAKERY

6 7

H

CUSTOMER SERVICE

F E GH

JPRODUCE

89 10

French cheesewhite bread

I

CHECKOUT

returns & refunds (退货&退款)

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语

Task 3Use some of the words in Task 2 to fill in the blanks.

1 An Italian laborer came in and asked for a loafwhite bread of _____________.

1 2 3 4

shrimps & crabs ice-cream & Coke canned (罐装的) beans payment (付款)

2 Can I have a Diet ____________? ice cokeCanned beans is chiefly made of milk and 3 _____________

sugar.vase to pottery (陶器) 4 Generally, I prefer glass ______

56 7 8 9 10

sausagebeef vase French cheese white bread returns & refunds(退货&退款)

ones. 5 Tomorrow he will return them to the store andrefunds claim (索要) __________. beef steak rare (三分熟的), 6 Do you want your ______

medium (五分熟的), or well-done(熟透的)?

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

Reading It

Paper vs Plastic Bags: Which Is Better for the Environment?* Words

Better acquaintance

clerk n. 店员；职员 preference n. 偏好； 偏爱的事物 shift v. 转变 issue n. 问题 checkout n. 付款处； 收银台；退房时间 stand n. (供放置物品 的)架；台 consumer n. 消费者； 用户 judge v. 评价；(尤指) 批评

1 For many years, grocery clerks often asked customers if they would prefer paper or plastic bags. Now the preference has shifted in the direction of plastic. This change has little to do with environmental issues and everything to do with convenience and efficiency. Many stores today 1 多年以来， 店员都会例行公事般地问 set up their checkout stands 顾客，他们是要纸质购物袋还是塑料购物 with plastic bags. It often 袋。现在人们的选择更加倾向于塑料袋。 makes the decision for paper 这种变化只是人们为了方便和效率，而与 much more difficult for the 环境问题关系不大。很多商店都在结账的 consumer. From a business 地方准备了塑料袋，使得消费者更加无从 point of view, it’s not hard to 选择纸袋。从商业的角度不难看出大多数 judge the preference of most 商店优先选择塑

料袋。 stores today—the plastic bag.

知行英语

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语conscious a. 有意识的； 自觉的

vanish v. 消失；灭绝packaging n. 包装 wrapping n. 包装纸； 包装材料 envelope n. 信封 cardboard n. 卡纸板 rule v. 统治；支配；管理 counter n. 柜台 manufacture v. 制造 recycle v. 再利用；回收 利用

2 But does this mean the paper bag, often seen as the more 3 到底哪一种袋子对环境最有利呢？这取决于在考虑对环境的责任时，你怎 environmentallyconscious choice, has vanished? Not necessarily. 样理解“最好”。纸袋和塑料袋都是在工厂里生产出来的，都会消耗能源，带 Paper packaging is still widely used, from gift wrapping to 来废料。很自然的，许多消费者认为纸袋更环保，因为其原料是天然材料 ---envelopes to cardboard boxes for fruit. Many customers prefer --木材。 但是木材工业也会牵扯到对生长多年的树木的清场，给采伐森林带 paper wrapping products when they can get them. Plastic bags may 来问题。 重新种植速生木材也许会解决回收再利用问题，但是这种非自然的 rule at the supermarket checkout counter, but cardboard and paper 森林无法解决原本生活在天然林里的动物的栖息问题。 products are still preferred elsewhere. 3 So which form of bag is actually best for the environment? It depends on how you look at “best” when it comes to issues of environmental responsibility. Both paper and plastic bags are 2 但是这是否意味着被认为更环保的纸袋就此要消失了呢？不一定。纸质 made in factories. Their manufacture uses energy and produces 包装当下还在被广泛使用，比如礼品包装，信封，以及对肉食的包装等等。 waste. Quite naturally, many consumers believe that paper bags 当并不特别需要塑料袋的时候，顾客还是愿意选用纸袋的。塑料袋也许在结 are better for the environment because paper is made from 账处独领风骚，但是硬纸盒和纸袋在其它地方则仍然受欢迎。 natural products such as wood and from recycled paper and cardboard. But the wood industry is also held responsible for clear-cutting forests and adding to the problems of deforestation. Replanting with fast-growing trees may solve the problem to some extent but it creates unnatural forests for native animals.

*deforestation n. 砍伐 森林；毁林

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语fair a. 相当的；公平的；合理 的

4 Plastic also receives a fair share of criticism from environmentalists. Plastic is by its very share n. (参与、得到等的) nature an “artificial” product. It is derived from 份；(分享到或贡献出的)一 crude oil and other chemicals. Producing usable 份 plastic creates heat and great amounts of water criticism n. 批评；批判 are required to control the process. Harmful environmentalist n. 环境 chemicals are emitted into the air. Ground water 保护主义者；

环境保护论者 may become polluted. Until recently, all plastic artificial a. 人造的；人工的 grocery bags and other packaging were non-biodegradable, that derive v. 提取；得到；源于 is, they will not break down into harmless parts when thrown away by consumers. Older plastics will continue to pollute the crude a. 天然的；未经提炼 的 environment and release harmful gases for many years.chemical n. 化学制品 a. 化 学的；化学作用的 usable a. 可用的；合用的； 便于使用的 process n. 过程；进程 emit v. 散发(热、光、气等) biodegradable a. 微生物可分解的 4 塑料袋同样遭到环保主义者应有的批评。塑料袋从本质上说是“人造”

材料，完全取自原油和其它化学制品。 有用的塑料的生产会在工厂产生 热源并消耗大量的水来控制生产过程，有害化学物质则会以烟的形式被排

放到空气中去。地表水可能遭受污染。直到前不久，大部分塑料购物袋和其它包装材料还无法被回收。被消费者扔掉之后，这些东西并不会自动分 解为无害的物质。早先被扔掉的那些塑料制品则继续污染环境，在后来的 数月里甚至很多年里释放有害气体。

release v. & n. 释放；排放

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语 5 So if neither paper 选择，那么哪一种相对来说好一些呢？还是那句话， nor plastic is completely safe 这取决于你对环境安全的定义了。纸袋总是可以被 environmentally, which 回收的，被扔掉以后也不会对环境有害。纸袋还可 is the best choice? 以被用来做其它用途，这样也会促进其被回收。纸 Again, it depends on 品公司经常用等级较低的纸浆生产购物袋，也就是 说工厂充分利用了木材这种原料。 商店里负责打包 your definition of environmental safety. 的店员也常常会尽可能把每个袋子装满，减少每一 Paper bags have always 单生意中纸袋的使用数量。但是为了避免意外的破 been recyclable and 损，包装者有时候会使用尽可能多的塑料袋，这种 biodegradable. They 做法日久天长，就会造成巨大浪费。 will not harm the environment after disposal. Paper bags can also be reused for other things, which encourages recycling. Paper companies often use a lower-grade paper pulp to produce grocery bags. This means the factory is using almost all of its supply of wood efficiently. Grocery store packers also tend to fit more products in each bag which reduces the total number of bags used per transaction.5 既然纸袋和塑料袋对于环境来说都不是安全的

definition n. 定义；

规定；明确

recyclable a. 可回收

利用的理

disposal n. 丢弃；处 pulp n. 纸浆

transaction n. (一 笔)交易；办理；执行

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语 6 But plastic bags also have their environmental advantages. The energy used to produce plastic bags is often less than the energy used to produce the same n

umber of paper bags. Plastic bag machines can create hundreds of bags from a surprisingly small amount of raw plastic material. Plastic can also be made from lower-grade crude oil. This means crude oil will be used efficiently. Since it takes far less raw material for one plastic grocery bag, plastic may actually be a better choice environmentally. Recent advances in technology have also resulted in plastics which are more eco-friendly than older forms of plastic and manufacturers of modern plastic bags are reducing the amount of raw materials required. Plastic bags can also be reused as garbage containers or freezer bags which creates less need for more expensive plastic products.6 不过塑料袋也有优势。生产塑料袋耗费的能源少于生产相同数量的纸袋所消

advance n. 进展；进步 manufacturer n. 制造 商；制造公司

耗的能源。生产塑料袋的机器可以只用极少量的原料制造出数百只塑料袋。再者， 塑料袋的原料是品质较低的原油，也就意味着原油可以被更加有效的利用。正因 为每一只塑料购物袋消耗的原材料少，所以从环保角度来说，塑料袋其实是更好 的选择。最新的技术进步也也带来了比以前更环保的塑料制品。现代的塑料袋最

终会由尽可能少的原料制成。塑料袋还可以用来装垃圾或者作为冷冻袋。如此一来会减少对更昂贵的塑料制品的需要。

garbage n. 垃圾container n. 容器；集 装箱

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语ultimate a. 最终的；首要的 tendency n. 倾向；趋势 indicate v. 表明；标示；指 示 concern v. 涉及；关系到； 使关心；使担忧 n. 关心；关 系；有关；顾虑

7 The ultimate answer between paper and plastic may still be a matter of debate for years. But the recent tendency of stores to offer almost only plastic bags may indicate the future from a business point of view. If demand for paper bags continues to go down, then paper companies may stop producing them. A new material may be developed. If so, it is likely to be more environmentally friendly than today’s plastic bags. Until that day arrives, consumers will probably continue to choose their bags based on convenience rather than environmental concerns.7 关于纸袋与塑料袋孰优孰劣的最终答案，人们或许在今后相当长的一段时间里仍然争论不休。但是最近 这种商店几乎只提供塑料袋的风潮，似乎从商业的角度预示了未来的一个方向。如果对纸袋的需求量继续下 降，纸品公司便会停止为消费者生产纸袋。一种比目前我们使用的塑料袋更环保的新材料也许会被开发出来。 在那一天到来之前，消费者恐怕只能在关心环保的同时，更注重于方便程度，来选择他们使用的袋子了。

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

Understanding ItTask 1Read the text and answer the following questions. Because it is convenient and efficient.

知行英语

1 Why has customers’ preference

for packaging at grocery stores shifted to plastic bags? 2 Why do many customers usually believe paper bags are more ecofriendly? 3 Why do paper bags receive criticism from environmentalists?

The customers think that the material of paper bags comes from the natural product called wood.

But the wood industry is also held responsible for clear-cutting old growth forests and adding to the problems of deforestation. The production process consumes great amounts of heat resources and water. Harmful chemicals may be given off into the air in the form of smoke. Ground water may become polluted. Older plastics would continue to pollute the environment and release harmful gases for months or years.

4 What harm do plastic bags do to the environment?

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语 Task 2 Read the text again and correct the following statements.

1 From a business point of view, it’s hard to judge the preference for paper or plastic of today’s grocery stores. 2 Paper packaging is not that widely used and customers no longer prefer paper bags. 3 The production of paper bags will not cause any energy consumption or waste any material.

1 Now the preference has shifted in the direction of plastic. 2 Paper packaging is still used widely, from gift wrap to envelopes to meat wrappers. Customers still prefer paper products when plastic bags aren't especially helpful. 3 Both paper and plastic bags are made in factories. It will cause energy consumption and waste materials.

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语 Task 2 Read the text again and correct the following statements.

4 Plastic bags do not have any environmental advantages. 5 The ultimate answer between paper and plastic is very clear because of the environmental advantages of paper bags.

4 The material of plastic bags is not wood but artificial, which does not lead to deforestation. 5 The ultimate answer between paper or plastic may still be a matter of debate for years.

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

知行英语

Task 3

Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1 这种变化只是人们为了方便和效率，而与环 境问题关系不大。

1 This change has little to do with environmental issues and everything to do 2 3 4

5

with convenience and efficiency. Plastic also receives a fair share of criticism from environmentalists. Plastic is by its very nature an “artificial” product. Recent advances in technology have also resulted in plastics which are more ecofriendly than older forms of plastic and manufacturers of modern plastic bags are reducing the amount of raw material required. The ultimate answer between paper and plastic may still be a matter of debate for years.

2 3

塑料袋同样遭到环保主义者应有的批评。 塑料袋从本质上说是“人造”材料。

4

最新的技术进步也也带来了比以前更环保的塑料制品。现代的塑料袋最终会由尽可能少 的原料制成。

5

关于纸袋与塑料袋孰优孰劣的最终答案，人 们或许在今后相当长的一段时间里仍然争论 不休。

知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

Language Points routinely if something is routinely done, it is done as a normal part of a process or job; rule control; influence控制，支配；影响

Words

regularly惯常地，照例地

e.g. the passion for power and successwhich rules her life 支配着她的生活的对权力和成功的渴望

e.g. Some of the equipment is routinelyused in hospitals around the country. shift (opinion, belief or attitude) change slightly(主意、观念，态度等的)改变

e.g. Happy people don’t let desires rulethem.

e.g. He refused to shift hisground (=change his opinion).

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知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

Language Points a matter of关于…的问题

break down分解；打破

Phrases & Expressions

e.g. It’s a matter of privacy.add to增加；加强

e.g. Bacteria are added to help breakdown the sewage. by its very nature就本质而言

as much as与 … 同量; 同...一样

e.g. Wolves are cruel by nature.derive from源自；源于

e.g. The price is twice as much as thatof ten years ago. base on以…为基础

e.g. The enzyme is derived fromhuman blood.

e.g. Their relationship was based onmutual respect.

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知行英语综合教程2 教学课件

Language Points fair share合理份额；公平分配

Phrases & Expressions

e.g. Computers have gone down in price.have everything to do with sth.与……非常相关

e.g. The subject has receivedits fair share of attention. give off to produce a smell, light, heat, a sound etc.发出气味、光亮、热量或声音等

have little to do with sth.与……没什么关系

e.g. Happiness has little to do withwealth. in the form of / in the shape of用… 的形式

e.g. The wood gave off a sweet,perfumed smell as it burned. go down to become lower in level, amount etc.(数量、层次等的)下滑，下降

e.g. People are bombarded withinformation in the form of TV advertising.

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