名词性从句第一讲2份

名词性从句第一讲

名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。用来连接名词性从句的词有：

1、连词

只起连接作用，不在从句中充当任何句子成分。

1). 连词that只起连接作用，没有词汇意义，在从句中不做句子成分。

一般情况下that可以省略，但以下几种情况不能省略：

that引导的主语从句位于句首；同位语从句和表语从句也很少省略that；that之后紧跟着另一个连词或连接代词等引导的从句；

2). 连词if/whether有词汇意义，可译为“是否”，但不做句子成分.

if不能引导位于句首的主语从句，除非有形式主语；

if不能引导表语从句，同位语从句，介词宾语从句;

if之后不能紧跟or not，但可以说whether or not，两者都可以说whether/if…or not；

if不能接动词不定式;

if引导的从句可以用否定的谓语。

2、连接代词和连接副词

不仅起连接作用，还有词汇意义；在从句中充当一个句子成分。

1). 连接代词

who/ whom/ what/ which/ whose/ whoever /whomever /whatever /whichever （可在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语）

2). 连接副词

when/ where/ how/ why / whenever/ wherever/ however（可在从句中充当状语）;

注意：

1). wh-ever增加了泛指的含义,如： what = the thing(s); whatever = anything that；wh-ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句；

no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。

2). 连接代词whoever/whomever取主格形式还是宾格形式，取决于它在从句中的语法地位.只有当它在从句中充当宾语时，才可以取whomever或whoever;而在从句中充当主语时，只取

一、主语从句

从句在句中充当主语。

That he is a doctor is true.

It now appears that they are in urgent need of help.

过手训练

1). ____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.

A. Anyone B.The one C. Whoever D. Who

2). _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There B. This C. That D. It

3). _____ they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.

A. Why B. Whether C. That D.Which

4). _____ the manager said suggested that he hadn’t decided _____ to have a talk with them or not.

A. What; if B. Whether; what

C. What; whether D. That; whether

5). All ____ is needed is a supply of oil.

A. what B. that C. which D.it

6). _____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A.If B. Whether C. That D. Where

7). _______ breaks this law deserves a fine.

A. no matter who B. whoever C. whomever D. which

8). —I believe we will have a good time with Miss Green in your birthday party.

—Maybe. But it is still a question , you know, _____ she can spare time to come.

A. whether B. / C. that D. which

9. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _____ the problem itself is.

A. what B. that C. which D. why

10). ______ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.

A. Whether B.What C. That D. How

11). ______ surprise me most is that she doesn’t even know where the difference between the two lies.

A. What B. How C. That D. Which

12). It is still under discussion _____the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.

A. whether B. when C. which D. where

13). The villagers have already known _______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.

A. this B. that C. what D. which

14). ________ excuse Tom makes will not be believed because he always tells lies.

A. No matter what B. However C. No matter how D. Whatever

15). It is reported that ______ are called “ public schools “ are decreasing in that country.

A. what B. as C. which D. That

16).We believe ______you have devoted yourself ______sure to come true.

A.that; is to B.all that; to be C.that all; to are D.what; to is

17). — Is it possible_______you could pick me up at the airport?

—No problem.

A.when B.that C.whether D.what

18).It is none of your business______other people think about you. Believe yourself.

A.how. B.what C.which D.when

19). ______is known to us all is that the old writer, for _____life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his eighties.

A.What; whom B.As; whom C.It; whose D.What; whose

二、宾语从句

从句在句中充当动词或介词的宾语。

The manager said that he didn’t like my work.

It all depend on whether we can get their cooperation.

We think it a pity that a man like him should not work harder.

过手训练

1). They always give the vacant seats to ____ comes first.

A. who B.whom C. whoever D. whomever

2).You can ask _____ has such experience to do it for you.

A. who B.whoever C. anyone D. someone

3). We agreed to accepted _____ they thought was the best tourist guide.

A. whatever B. whomever C. whichever D. whoever

4). The company are working together to create ____ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21 century.

A. which B, that C, what D, who

5). Could I speak to _____ is in charge of International Sales, please?

A. anyone B. someone C.whoever D. no matter who

6). I’m wondering ____ you would care to spend the evening with us.

A. if B. that C. what D.when

7). He was worrying about_____ he had hurt her feelings.

A. if B. whether C. what D. who

8). I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.

A. it B. that C. these D. them

9). The question of ____ first saw the continent of Antarctica is clouded in controversy.

A. whose B. who C. people D. the person

10). After _____ was about ten minutes , the teacher gave the students the correct answer to the question.

A. that B. it C. which D. what

11). The couple are spending their holiday on _____ is described as one of the most beautiful islands.

A.that B. what C. which D.where

12). Would you please tell me _____ you know is good at typing.

A.whom B. whomever C. whose D.whoever

13). If I were any younger, I would do____ I am interested in.

A. no matter what B.whatever C. no matter which D. whichever

14). The word “media” basically refers to _____ we commonly call newspapers, magazines, radios and televisions.

st

A. which B. that C. what D. where

15). ________ has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.

A. That B. What C. In spite of what D.Though what

16). His lecture was difficult and I didn’t know ______ he said meant in his lecture.

A. which which B. how how C. that that D. what what

17). Our teachers always tell us to believe in ______ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.

A. why B. how C. what D. which

18). Our hometown has changed a lot, and now it is quite different from _______ a few years ago.

A. what it used to be B. that it used to be C. which it used to be D. what was it

19). I dislike ______ when others laugh at me in public or think poorly of me behind.

A. that B. those C. it D. them

20). It is said that the famous football star is not willing to play for _______ would pay him three million dollars a year.

A. anyone B. whomever C. no matter who D. Whoever

21). It is wise for the students to know______the future has in store.

A.what B.which C.whether D.that

22). It is always difficult for the public to see______value a new invention can be of to human life.

A.whose B.what C.which D.that

23). We haven't discussed yet______furniture we are going to place in our house.

A.that B.which C.what D.where

24). Modern science has made it clear_____smoking can lead to many diseases.

A.what B.which C.that D.where

25). —Could you do me a favor?

—It depends on ______it is.

A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever

26).Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from_______their parents speak at home.

A.what B.that C.which D.one

27). You can only be sure of ______you have at present; you cannot be sure of something_______you might get in the future.

A.that; what B.what; / C.which; that D./; what

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