交际英语

交际英语

壹、交际用语的考查形式

一、给出问语，选答语（常考）

二、给出问语的一部分，补充完整问语 三、给出答语，选问语

四、给出答语的一部分，补充完整答语

说明：给出问语或答语的一部分，这就给了考生更多的提示，缩小了选择的范围，在一定程度上降低了试题的难度。在做类似考题时，应抓住题干中已有文字提供的信息，选择最符合题意的选项，排除干扰项。例如：

—Would you like another slice of Christmas cake? — I’m full. A. Yes, please. B. No more, thanks. C. Why not? D. Nothing more.

讲解：第一说话人询问对方“你要不要再吃一块圣诞蛋糕？”，根据答者的第二句话I’m full.“我吃饱了”，推断出前一句的答语应该是No more, thanks“吃不下了，谢谢”。而选项A，C表示接受邀请，D表示“没有什么（要说/做）的了”，均不符合题意，可直接排除。所以选B。

贰、交际用语的答题方法

一、答语的三个原则

在学习、使用和复习交际用语部分时，大家要掌握使用交际用语的几个原则： A. 礼貌原则

无论在任何场合、表达什么看法/情感，发话/发问和应答都要有礼貌，即使表达不同看法或批评意见，也要委婉间接表达，使对方听起来不刺耳，例如：

— Do you think I can use your car for one day? — . A. I’m afraid not. B. No, you can’t. C. I won’t let you do that. D. Absolutely not.

解析：此题第一说话人向对方提出请求“想借车一用”，对方如果不能答应，应该委婉地表示拒绝。因此选A。

礼貌原则还表现在拒绝一个请求的方式上：一种是委婉地回绝，上面例子“I’m afraid not”就是这种情况；另一种是先表同意，然后用“but”来个转折，表达出不同意的意思。例如：

I would like to，but… That’s a good idea，but…

B. 利他原则

在日常交际中，英语国家人民形成了一种习俗，即要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便，对别人遇到的好事/成功要表示高兴，坏事要表示难过/惋惜，因此在交际用语中也要体现出来这种倾向，例如：

— I am going to the City Hall, can you tell me how to get there, madam? — . A. No, you don’t know B. I don’t know. C. Yes, you will. D. Sorry, I am new here too. But you can ask the policeman over there.

解析：此题第一说话人在向对方询问道路，按照利他原则，应尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便。所以选D，首先表示歉意，自己也不知道，同时给出一些有帮助的建议。

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C. 文化遵从原则

在选择交际用语时，大家要有跨文化视角，也就是说，要克服本民族的习惯思维和应答模式，要使用得体的、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。例如： —Mary, your dress is really beautiful. How is John? — . A. Thank you very much B. No, no, John is not bad C. Thank you. He is fine D. Don’t say that. It’s ugly. John is good

解析：按照英美国家的文化，当受到他人的赞扬时，应该真诚地表示感谢，这也是对说话人的尊重。如果一味谦虚说“不、没有、还差得远”等，反而就不礼貌了， 这与中国人的习惯和思维不太一样，所以选C。

二、排除法

交际用语部分试题的选项中，错误选项不但错得比较明显，而且有一定规律可循，这为我们在解题时使用排除法提供了机会。错项的类型大体有： A.选项明显违反上述三原则； B.选项本身语法错误；

C.选项议题与谈话主题无关；

D.选项虽然与谈话主题有关，但不能提供发问者要求的信息、态度或观点。例如： 1）— Mary, are you and your husband busy this weekend? — . A. this weekend we may go to cinema B. No, we’re not C. Oh, it’s none of your business D. Welcome to our party

讲解：Mary 的问题包含了“忙不忙”的询问，她可能想邀请对方作点什么。选项A属于上述D 的情况，虽然与提问句的主题有关，但并未直接提供“忙”还是“不忙”的信息；C 回答很不客气，显然违反礼貌原则；D 与谈话主题无关，最后只剩下B是答案。 2）— You are not the manager here, are you? — . A. Yes, I’m not B. No, I am C. Yes, I am D. No, not at all

讲解： 选项A，B 都属于本身语法错误，不看发问句也可以排除。D 语法无错，但不能提供发问句要求的信息，属错项，答案是C。

叁、分类题目

一、自我介绍

1. --- Hello, I'm Harry Potter.

--- Hello, my name is Charles Green, but ______. A：call my Charles B：call me at Charles C：call me Charles D：call Charles me 答案：C

2. --- Let me introduce myself. I'm steward． --- _________

A：What a pleasure. B：Pleased to meet you. C：I don't know. D：Thanks a lot. 答案：B

二、问候

（一）第一次见面，彼此自我介绍之后的问候。 1. --- How do you do? --- _________

A：Fine, thank you. B：How do you do? C：Not too bad. D：Very well. 答案：B

2. --- How do you do?

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--- _________ A：Very well. B：How do you do? C：I'm a doctor. D：Nice to have known you. 答案：B

3. --- How do you do? Glad to meet you. --- _________

A：Fine. How are you? B：How do you do? Glad to meet you, too. C：How are you? Thank you! D：Nice. How are you? 答案：B

其他的说法还有 “Nice to meet you.”, “Nice to know you.”

(二) 熟人之间的问候 1. --- How are you, Bob? --- _______, Ted.

A：How are you? B：I'm fine. Thank you. C：How do you do? D：Nice to meet you. 答案：B

2. --- Hello, how are you? ---_________

A：Hello, how are you? B：How do you do? C：Fine, thank you. D：That's OK. 答案：C

3. --- Good morning, John. How are you doing? （= How are you?） --- _________

A：I'm pleased. B：Good night. C：Not so bad. And you? D：How do you do? 答案：C

4. --- How's your mother doing? --- _________

A：She is very kind. B：She is very well. C：She is not very old. D：She is doing shopping now. 答案：B

5. --- How's your family? --- _________

A：Thanks all the same. B：Thanks for calling. C：Not too bad. D：Don't mention it. 答案：C

6. --- Hi, Tom, how's everything with you? --- ___________, and how are you?

A：Don't mention it B：Hm, not too bad C：Thanks D：Pretty fast 答案：B

7. --- How are you feeling? --- Much better. ______.

A：Thanks for coming to see me B：You look great C：You are so kind D：Don't mention it 答案：A

8. --- Hey, Tom, what's up? --- __________

A：Yes, definitely! B：Oh, not much. C：What is happening in your life? D：You are lucky. 答案：B

“what's up?”的意思是“（你）怎么了？”或“出了什么事？”；如果回答是“not much”，其意思是“没什么大不了的”。

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9. －Ted: Hi, Christine. ______________.

－Christine: Hi, Ted. I just bought a new camping tent. I can’t wait to use it. A. What’s on? B. What’s up? C. What’s wrong? D. What’s right? 答案：B 三、告别

1. --- Good-bye for now. --- _________

A：The same to you. B：That's OK. C：See you. D：Long time no see. 答案：C

2. － It’s late. I have to say goodbye. － ______

A. Why do you want to go now? B. I’d like to say goodbye, too. C. That’s all right. D. Hope you had a good time. See you tomorrow. 答案：D

3.－W: I've come to say goodbye. I'm flying home on Sunday afternoon. －M: Well, _______

A. will your parents meet you at the airport? B. help yourself.

C. have a safe trip and remember me to your parents. D. I’m longing to see you. 答案：C

4. --- Marilyn, I'm afraid I have to be leaving now. --- ____________ A：That sounds wonderful. B：Oh, so early? C：Not at all. D：Good luck! 答案：B

5.－Well, it’s getting late. I must be going. Thank you again for inviting me to the party. －__________.

A. Oh, it’s so late B. Thank you for coming C. Oh, so soon? D. I really had a happy time 答案：B

6.－Guest: Oh, it’s ten o’clock. I’d better go now. －Host: ______

A. OK. Please walk slowly.

B. Why do you want to go now? Don’t you want to stay? C. Won’t you stay for another cup of coffee? D. Yeah, it’s really late. Why not immediately? 答案：C

7.－Speaker A: Well, it’s getting late. Maybe we could get together sometime. －Speaker B: _______

A. Sounds good. I’ll give you a call B. Take it easy C. Nice to see you back D. Yes, I’ve enjoyed it 答案：A 四、打电话

1. --- Who's that speaking?（讲话者是谁呀？，相当于“您是哪位啊？”） --- This is Tom______.（讲话者是汤姆。） A：speaks B：spoken C：speaking D：saying 答案：C

2. --- Is Mary there? --- _________ A：Speaking. B：I'm not Mary. C：Who are you? D：Mary is well today. 答案：A （“speaking”的意思是“讲话者就是Mary”。）

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3. --- Could I speak to Don Watkins, please？ --- ________

A：I'm listening. B：Oh, how are you？ C：Speaking, please. D：I'm Don. 答案：C

4. — Could I speak to John Harris, please? —_____________.

A. Oh, how are you B. I’m John C. I’m listening D. Speaking 答案：D

5.－Is that Mr. Robert Lee? －_____________.

A. Yes, Lee speaking B. Hello, what do you want C. Sorry, speaking D. I don’t know 答案：A

6. --- Good morning, may I speak to Mark, please? --- _________

A：Who's there? B：Who's speaking?（“讲话者是谁呀？”） C：Who are you? D：Who wants to speak to Mark? 答案：B

7. --- Hi, is Mary there, please? --- _____

A：Hold on. I'll get her. B：No, she isn't here. C：Yes, she lives here. D：Yes, what do you want? 答案：A

8. --- Hello, may I talk to the director now? --- _________.

A：Sorry, he is busy at the moment B：No, you can't C：Sorry, you can't D：I don't know 答案：A

9. --- Thank you for calling. --- _________

A：Don't mention it. B：That's fine. C：Nice talking to you. D：Call back again. 答案：C

10. — Good morning, Dr Johnson’s office. Can I help you? —________

A. Speaking, please. B. I’d like to make an appointment, please. C. Yes, go on. D. No, you can’t. 答案：B

11. — Hello, is that Shanghai Airlines? —_____________ .

A. Yes, can I help you? B. Yes, what do you want? C. Yes, you’re right D. Yes, right number 答案：A

12. --- Hello, can you tell me if the library will be open Saturday evening? --- ______. I’ll find out. A. No, I can’t B. Hold the line, please C. Yes, it will be open D. Sorry, I don’t know 答案：B

13. － Operator. (我是接线员)

－ ____________

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