8AUnit8 Natural disasters知识点

8上 Unit 8 Natural disasters

一、复习单词表 A．拼读易错单词

disaster, accident, coach, village, slight, silent, direction, nervous, heart, trapped, daughter,

board B．四会单词 （1）词性变化 1. ? n. in the nature?nature

adj. natural view/ disasters?natural v. －mopped/ mopping －mop the water up?mop2. ?

mop n. clean the floor with a mop?n. －look at each other in fear?fear ?. －fear to do sth3. ?fear v

?fear ful/ fear less?4. ? v.?survive n. c?survivor one of the survivors

①vi. It’s difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild. ②vt. Timmy survived the earthquake in 1999. I’m afraid the two sick boys may not survive the winter. 5. mind

①n. change one’s mind

make up one’s mind

mind doing sth

②v.

（2）、重点单词用法 1. start ①开始

start to shake start a big fire start the car start a band/ factory when are you going to start?

②引起(大火) ③发动

④创办，组建 ⑤出发，动身 2. 区别几组词

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?alive?living?a. ? ?lively??live

?excite?excited/ exciting?b. ? ?excitedly??excitement?calm down?come down?d. ?

fall down???cut down?ask oneself?say to oneself?c. ?

talk to oneself???tell oneself3. ?

?fog n.

foggy adj. －foggier/ foggiest? will be much _________ tomorrow.?There ? be much ____________ tomorrow.?It will9. cover 1)cover sth 2)cover A with B 3)be covered with 4)be covered live

v.?arrive4. ?

arrival n.?What was the time of his arrival? When the vet arrived, the dog ?5. hurt-hurt/ hurt ①vi. ②vt.

My back hurt. He hurt his left leg. be/ get (badly) hurt

?had died

?had been dead for half an hour③adj. 6. ?－不可与表否定的词连用?nearly －可与表否定的词连用?almost ①nearly the same

②He’s almost/ nearly as tall as me.

③Almost nothing can prevent him going there. 二、 重要词组、句型用法

1. natural 词性__________ 意思是________

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e.g.自然灾害____________ 自然科学 (n．)______ 意思是_______ e.g. nature reserve 意思是_____________

Milk is the __________food for young babies. 牛奶是婴儿的天然食物。 2. Who will mop up the water up if I go home without you? mop意为__________,过去式__________,现在分词_______

mop up意为_________ 后接的宾语是名词，则名词既可以放在up之前，也可以放在up之后，但如果宾语是代词宾格，只能放在mop和up之间。我们学过的类似词组还有_____________（吃光）, ____________（喝光）, ___________（烧光）等。 The floor is all wet. Please __________________. A. mop up it B. mop it up C. clean it D. to clean it 3. School football team loses final. lose final意为 lose 过去式__________,现在分词_______

我们队很强，我们不会输掉决赛的。Our team is very . We won’t . 比赛输给了某人：lose the game to sb. 我们班赢了足球赛，但输了篮球赛。

Our class but . 4.Flood washes away village. 洪水冲走了村庄。

wash vt. 洗，冲洗 可接双宾语 wash sb. sth. =wash sth. for sb. wash away (水)将某人/物冲走或冲到某处

去年洪水把她的儿子冲走了。The her son last year.

5.Lightning starts big fire in classroom building. 闪电使教学楼着起大火。 fire [U] 火，火力 [C] 炉火，火灾 v. 开火；解雇 孩子不应该玩火。Children should not . 无烟不起火。There is .

他们在向敌人开火。They the enemy. 昨天老板解雇了约翰。The boss John yesterday.

catch fire 着火（强调动作） be on fire 着火（强调状态） put out a fire 灭火 play with fire 玩火

fight the fire 救火 make/light/build a fire 生火/点火 6. Car accident kills three men. 三个男子在车祸中丧生。 accident n. 事故 复数： 昨晚有一场车祸。There was last night. a car accident 交通事故 by accident 偶然 发生了一起严重事故 have a accident

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每年都有许多交通事故。There are many every year. 7. fear :词义____________词性_____________ be in fear 害怕地

e.g. Frightened by the loud noise, the children looked at each other .(害怕地) 8. shake: The earth started to shake. 词义_______词性_ 过去式 __ 现在分词 e.g. the bottle well before use. 使用之前摇匀瓶子。

I felt a slight shaking through my body. shaking词义___________词性_ _ 9. calm: 词义_____________词性_________

短语： calm down calm sb. down e.g. The mother ________her excited child _________. 母亲使她激动地孩子平静下来。 10.since: Some people screamed because they were very frightened. Since everyone is here, let’s begin our class. since 词义________词性______ 用法比较：since表示________________because表示_________________ A.间接或附带的原因，往往是众所周知的原因； B.主要原因、有必然的因果关系 用since或because 填空：

Mike was very hungry he hadn’t eaten breakfast.

we’re young , we shouldn’t be too afraid of making mistakes. 11. mind: 词义____________词性_______ 短语: change one’s mind 改变主意

make up one’s mind to do sth下定决心做某事= decide to do sth 我爸爸已下定决心戒烟. My father to give up smoking. 动词: “介意,反对 ” 常用结构:

①Would / Do you mind + 形容词性物主代词+ doing sth ? e.g.我把窗户关上你介意吗? ? 12. I was sleeping when the earthquake started. 释义： When 当…时候 表示

在某一时刻，译为：“就在那时，突然”这时，主句通常用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。 e.g. I was trying to find my way out when I suddenly heard some noise above me. 翻译： 当天开始下雨时,我和朋友们在操场上打篮球. 13. I tried my best to run out.句意________________________ 尽某人的最大努力干某事 ____________________ 近义词组: __________________________

We should (尽全力) to stay in safe places when the earthquake comes.

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14. “I’m trapped,” I said to myself. 被困住____________________

e.g. Five workers (被困) in the mine for 10 hours last month.. 15.in all directions=in every direction 向四面八方 他朝哪个方向跑了？ did he run away? direction 名词，“指示，说明”常用复数

服药前请读一下说明（书）。Read the before you . n. 指导 under the direction of sb. 在某人的指导下 我们在陈老师的指导下完成了这个课题。 We the project Mr. Chen. direct v. 指路；指导；导演

你可以指给我车站的方向吗？ Can you the station? 16.as…as possible =as…as sb. can/could尽可能··· as…as中间加形容词或副词原级。 请你让他尽快给我回电话好吗？

Could you please ask him back . = Could you please ask him back . 我希望你尽早来。I hope you can come . = . 17.hit vt. 撞，打击 过去式 现在分词 他的头撞到墙上了。He against the wall. 他打了我的背。He the back. 18.burn n. 烧伤，烫伤

v. 燃烧，烧伤 过去式 现在分词 三单 纸容易燃烧。Paper . 他把她的信烧了。He . 19.nearly adv.几乎，将近

Almost强调“差一点···就···”=very nearly,用于no, none, nothing等否定词前面，但nearly不可，almost 不能用not修饰。

Nearly表示“接近”，常与almost换用，但在具体数字前常用nearly. not修饰nearly,意为“远非”。

几乎没有人相信他。 no one her.

他们快旅行结束了。They are their journey. 20. My parents could not get home that night because of the heavy snow. heavy 形容词，“大的，密集的” 副词：heavily

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雨下得很大。It is a .

这条街上交通量很大。The traffic is very . “重的，沉重的”

这个箱子很重。The box is very . 21.sound任何声音[C]

光速比声速快得多。Light travels . noise噪声[UC]

别吵闹！Don’t ! voice人的嗓音[C]

那女孩嗓音很美。The girl . 三、语法复习 (一) 过去进行时 1. 概念 2. 构成

3. 判断方法：一般有过去的具体的点时间，或者一段时间，如：

at 10 o’clock last night/ at this time the day before yesterday/ from … to …/ between … and …/ the whole morning …

a)where _______ they ________(discuss) it between 3 p.m. and 5 p.m. yesterday? b)He with his classmates __________(not watch) TV at this time yesterday. c)－Did you see a girl in red pass by just now? ―No, sir. I __________(read) a newspaper. (二) when/ while/as

1. A. 当两个延续的动作同时发生，两个句子都可用过去进行时来表示，用while连接，如：

1. People ________ (run)in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks ________ (fall)

down.

2. Yesterday afternoon, while Daniel __ _____ (work) on the computer, Millie ______ (stand) beside him.

B. 当一个延续的动作正在发生的时候，另外一个瞬间动作发生了，用“when”连接，较长的动词用过去进行时，较短动词用一般过去时,when释为：“就在那时”

We ______ (read) a terrible story when suddenly the lights ______ (go) out..

C. As的同时进行主要表示动作发生的背景或条件，意思为“随着……”；“一边……，一边” As I (try) to find my way out, I suddenly (hear)some noise above me. 四、语篇复习 A、缺词填空

When the earthquake s_______, Timmy felt a slight s_______ through his body. Then he

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heard a big noise like t____. Then real noise began, like b_____ under the ground. People ran in all d_______. Pieces of glass and b_____ fell down. Timmy t______ his best to run out to the street. After the noise and shaking e______, he found he was t_____ but still alive. He felt afraid but he tried to c____ down. At last people moved away the bricks and stones and s____ him. B、书面表达

写一篇80词左右的短文介绍雅安地震 时间 地点 损失 救灾情况 你的实际行动 2013年4月20日早晨8:00 雅安市芦山县 200多人遇难，13000多人受伤，成千上万的房屋倒塌 全国各地的人们伸出援手，纷纷捐款捐物帮助当地人重建家园 An earthquake hit Lushan County,Ya’an City at 8:00a.m. on 20th April,2013. The earthquake was terrible. Over 200 people lost their lives. About 13000 people got hurt.Thousands of houses came down.

After the earthquake happened, people from all over the country gave a hand. They donated money and things to help people in disaster areas to rebuild new homes.

When my classmates and I heard about the bad news, we felt very sorry. We collected many books,pens and notebooks for children in Ya’an. We also asked our parents to donate money. We hope they can live a new happy life soon. 五、必背内容 1. 湿透了 all wet

2. 像地底下的炸弹 like bombs under the ground 3. 四面八方 in all directions 4. 自言自语 say to oneself 5. 找到我的出路 find my way out

6.走去汽车站台walk to the bus stop (=go to the bus stop on foot) 7.去雪地里玩 go to play in the snow 8.堆雪人build a snowman=make a snowman 9.摔倒fall over 10.做一个大雪球make a big snowball 11.躲在树后面hide behind a tree 12.一个雪球砸中了他a snowball hit him

13.跑向他们run towards them 14.试着尽快逃出去try to get out as soon as possible

15.用湿毛巾捂住你的嘴和鼻子cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel

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16.保护你自己以免受到浓雾的伤害protect yourself from thick smoke 17.返回进去着火的大楼go back into the building on fire 18.走过洪水walk through the flood water

19.躲在坚硬的桌子下面hide under a strong desk or table 20.火灾中保护我们自己的安全keep ourselves safe from fires 21.远离···stay away from... 22.遵守交通规则follow traffic rules

23.在铁路上骑自行车是危险的it’s dangerous to ride a bicycle on railways 24.当我们烧伤自己时先做什么what to do first when we burn ourselves

25.把你的手放在冷水里大约十分钟 keep your hand in cold water for about ten minutes 26.在那之后我应该做什么？ What should I do after that? 27.去看医生go and see the doctor

28.告诉我们早点回家tell us to go home early 29.听到风在吹hear the wind blowing

30.清除街道上的雪clear the snow in the streets 31.慢慢走在厚厚的积雪中walk slowly in the deep snow

32.我正在睡觉，这时开始下雨了。I was sleeping when it started to rain. 33.你没有听到雨声吗？ Didn’t you hear the rain?

34.我醒来的时候，到处都是水。When I woke up, there was water everywhere.

35.如果我不带你回家，谁来把水拖干呢？Who will mop up the water if I go home without you? 36.听说一所英国学校的火灾hear about the fire at a school in the UK 37.发生了什么？ What happened?

38.一场雷电交加的猛烈暴风雨a heavy storm with thunder and lightning

39.闪电击中了一幢教学楼并引起了火灾。 Lightning hit a classroom building and it caught fire. 40.没有人受伤。Nobody was hurt.

41. 我正在睡觉，这时地震开始了。I was sleeping when the earthquake started. 42. 一开始，我感到一阵轻微震动。At first(=In the beginning), I felt a slight shake. 43. 然后我听到雷鸣般的噪声。Then I heard a loud noise like thunder. 44. 我尽力跑出大楼。I tried my best to run out of the building.

45. 玻璃碎片和砖块正在往下掉 pieces of glass and bricks were falling down

46. 最后，噪声和震动停止了。Finally(=at last/in the end), the noise and shaking ended. 47. 我的又暗又寂静。It was dark and silent around me. 48. 我什么也看不见。I could not see anything at all.

49. 我不知道是否有其他人在我附近。I don’t know if(=whether) anyone else was near me. 50. 我感到紧张，心跳很快。I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast.

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51. 片刻的恐惧掠过我的大脑。A moment of fear went through my mind.

52. 我告诉自己镇静下来，因为我还活着。I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. 53. 我大声呼救，但是没有人过来。I shouted for help, but no one came.

54. 幸运的是，我有足够的空间移动。Luckily, there was enough space for me to move. 55. 他们很快地搬开砖块。They quickly moved away the bricks. 56. 终于，我见到了亮光。At last, I saw the bright daylight. 57. 多么可怕的暴风雪啊! What a terrible snowstorm!

58.今天早上大约七点开始的。It started at about seven this morning.

59.我看到你和你父母正站在路边上。I saw you and your parents standing on the side of the road.

60.你正在等出租车吗？ Were you waiting for a taxi?

61.由于寒冷的天气，我爸爸的车坏了。My dad’s car broke down because of the cold weather. 62.你看到我们的时候，他正在打电话叫人过来帮忙。He was ringing someone to come and help. 63.米莉正在看电视的时候，安迪走进了房间。When/While/As Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room. (=Millie was watching TV when Andy came into the room.) 64.我和米莉共同撑一把伞。I shared an umbrella with Millie. 65.雪一直下。The snow kept falling.

66.我把伞丢在了风中。I lost my umbrella in the wind.

67.第二天早上我听到了汽车的吵闹声。I heard the noise of traffic the next morning.

68.由于大雪，我爸妈那天晚上没能回家。My parents could not get home that night because of the heavy snow.

69.突然，一阵大风从后面吹来。Suddenly, a strong wind came from behind.

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