2014新版人教版八年级下册Unit - 2 - Ill - help - to - clean -

壹学英语 No.1 English

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks

一、基本知识点

1. sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语Mary could not come because she is sick.也可作定语a sick child 【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come because she is ill. 2. cheer (sb.) up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class. 3. give out分发；散发，相当于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers. give sth. out to sb. 意为 。

4. volunteer 【名词】志愿者 【动词】义务做，自愿做（某事）volunteer to do sth. ， The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.

5. used to do sth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。 There used to be a cinema here. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 6. alone 【副词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself. lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now. 7. care for sb./sth.照顾；照料??

care 【名词】小心，关心take care of=look after →【动词】care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事

→【形容词】careful / careless →【副词】carefully 8. such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词

such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day /such an exciting match

such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions such delicious food 如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time 9. try out for…参加?选拔，争取成为?Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year. try out试用，试验 10. journey 【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程；trip【名词】多指短途旅行； travel【名词、动词】travel around the world →【名词】traveler旅行者

11.【复习】be busy with sth. be busy doing sth. 12.【复习】try doing sth. 试着干某事 try to do sth. 努力干某事 try one’s best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大的努力 13.【复习】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 14. raise money集资，筹钱；raise money for…为??筹钱 raise【动词】举起；提高；募集

15. keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物）；keep+形容词，保持

16.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聋的；disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的 在句中做定语和表语： 17. make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使（某人）做某事成为可能，You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成为?；think/find it +形容词to do sth.

18. make a difference to…对??有影响；对??有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰，如 The rain made no difference to the game. Hard-working makes much difference to study.

19. difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数；表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数； have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 20. train【动词】训练，trained为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”a trained dog 21. be excited about sth. ，Everyone is excited about the good news.

【复习】excited意为 ，在句中做 ；exciting意为 ，在句中做 。

22. order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）follow the order ， 。 23. change【动词】变化，改变It’s hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名词】变化；零钱

change A for B用A换成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB. 24. repair 【动词】修理，修补； fix【动词】安装；使固定 【fix up修理=repair】

壹学英语 No.1 English

二、重点语法——动词不定式

A. 作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。 常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.

B. 作宾语——动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语。 C. 作（后置）定语——常用于“have/has＋sth.＋to do”或“enough＋名＋to do”“It’s time to do sth.”等结构中。

D. 作宾语补足语——tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。 【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to：“一感(feel)，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help)”。 E. 动词不定式作状语

主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order (to) 或so as (to) “为了，目的是”。常用结构有too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等。 F. 固定句式中动词不定式的用法

常见的有：had better (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。 专项训练题

一、选择适当答案。

1. _______ is difficult to work out the maths problem. A. This B. That C. It D. Its

2. We decided _______ at the end of this month. A. travel B. not start out C. to leave D. going 3. They have no paper_______. A. to write B. to write with C. write on D .to write on 4. Let him _______ a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk. A. has B. have C. to have 5. _______the computer is a problem. A. How to use B. What to use C. Where to use D. Which to use 6. The teacher told us _______in bed. A. don’t read B. read not C. to not read D. not to read 7. The old man was _______angry _______ say a word. A. so, that B. as, as C. too, to D. very, to 8. Why _______home tomorrow? A. not go B. not going C. not to go D. didn’t go 9. The TV set is too loud. Will you please _______? A. turn down it B. turn it down C. to turn it down 10. It’s cold outside. You had better _______ your coat. A. to put on B. putting on C. puts on D. put on 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. It took half an hour _______ (get) to the World Park from Kitty’s school.

2. It was interesting _______ (see) so many places of interest from all over the world. 3. They want _______ (save) time by using shorter words and phrases.

4. Kitty’s classmate Daniel taught himself how _______ (make) a home page.

5. Things _______ (do) in Beijing. 6. He made the girl _______ (cry) yesterday. 7. He put his photos on it for everyone _______ (look) at. 8. Help him _______ (put) the photos in the correct order. 9. It’s time for class. Please stop _______(talk). 10. I’d like _______ (go) to the Temple of Heaven.

壹学英语 No.1 English

2014年人教版新目标英语八年级下册教学计划

一、教学分析

教材分析 新人教版《英语》八年级（下册），全书共有十个单元。本教材各单元话题灵活，贴近生活实际。本册书将学习到的一些语法知识点有：情态动词、反身代词、不定式、连词、过去进行时、

现在完成时、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。每个单元分A和B两部分，这两个部分分别提供了一篇阅读文章，用以训练学生的阅读能力，扩大学生的词汇量和阅读量。 二、教学目的和要求（分章节）

第一单元：通过讨论“健康问题”和“事故急救”的话题，学习用 have来表述疾病，并使用情态动词should/shouldn给别人提供建议。

第二单元：通过讨论“志愿者”及“志愿活动”的话题，学习动词词组、不定式充当宾语、状 语和宾语补足语的用法、使用情态动词could给别人提供建议。

第三单元：通过讨论“家务活”的话题，学会使用情态动词could发出礼貌的请求以及应允。 第四单元：通过讨论“烦恼与问题”，学会使用Why don’t you?? 的句型给别人提供建议，同时重点学习连词

第五单元：通过讨论“难忘的事件”，学习过去进行时态，重点学习连词when和while的用法。 第六单元：通过学习“传奇和故事”，学会讲故事，学会连词unless, as soon as以及so?that的用法。

第七单元：通过讨论“地理和自然”的话题，学习大数字的表达、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级，同时通过阅读，更多地了解世界。

第八单元：通过讨论“文学和音乐”的话题，学习现在完成时态，学会讨论近来事件和个人经历。

第九单元：通过讨论“好玩的地方”的话题，讨论过去的经历，继续巩固现在完成时态的学习。

壹学英语 No.1 English

第十单元：通过讨论“居住环境”，学会使用现在完成时态具体谈论所拥有的东西，重点学会since

和for的使用。

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