北京市山谷学校 中考英语 语法填空训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析

北京市山谷学校中考英语语法填空训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析

一、英语语法填空汇编

1．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下午连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。

Jason and Andy are twins. They share a lot of things, including room, food and toys.

One Saturday, Jason and Andy went out ________（play）with a toy car. Both of them wanted to be the owner of the car, so they shouted at each other. ________（They） mother heard the boys arguing. She came out and told them to take turns to play with the toy car, but the twins wouldn't.

A few days later, Mother brought ________ pet home. "Can't we each have our own pet dog?" asked the boys. They were ________（tire） of sharing everything.

"No! The dog must ________ （share）." Mother said. "You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does not get into anything wrong."

Several days later, the dog got into mother's room ________（secret） and made a mess there. Jason saw the dog playing with mother's clothes. He quickly went to find Andy and told him ________ the dog had done.

"Oh, no! It's our duty to clean up the mess!" ________（cry） Andy. They boys picked up the clothes and put them away rapidly.

"Just think, Jason," said Andy, "what a big mess two ________（dog） would made!"

"I agree ________ you," laughed Jason, "Maybe sharing isn't so bad!"

【答案】 to play；Their；a；tired；be shared；secretly；what；cried；dogs；with

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了兄弟两人通过养狗学会了分享。

（1）句意：一个星期六，杰森和安迪带着一辆玩具车出去玩。go out to do，固定搭配，出去做某事，故填 to play。

（2）句意：他们的母亲听到男孩们在争吵。mother是名词，其前是形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，他们的，故填Their。

（3）句意：几天后，妈妈带了一只宠物回家。dog是可数名词单数，前面应用冠词限定。pet以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。

（4）句意：他们厌倦了分享一切。be tired of doing sth.，固定搭配，厌烦做某事，故填tired。

（5）句意：“不！这只狗必须分享。”母亲说。share与dog是被动关系，must是情态动词，故用must be done，故填 be shared。

（6）句意：几天后，这只狗悄悄地进入母亲的房间，把那里弄得一团糟。副词修饰动词短语got into，secret的副词是secretly，故填 secretly。

（7）句意：他很快去找安迪，并告诉他狗做了什么。宾语从句中缺少宾语，故用what指代事或物，故填what。

（8）句意：哦，不！收拾烂摊子是我们的责任！”安迪喊道。描述过去用一般过去时，cry的过去式是cried，故填 cried。

（9）句意：两条狗会弄得多糟啊！dog是可数名词，two修饰可数名词复数，故在dog

后直接加s，故填dogs。

（10）句意：“我同意你，”杰森大笑说，“或许分享不是那么坏。”agree with sb.，固定搭配，同意某人，故填with。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

2．阅读下面材料，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空1个单词）

A group of boys gathered around a tree. "What a tall tree!" they said to each other. "It would be exciting to climb to the top!"

The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could ________（climb） to the top of the tree first. Their ________（mother） were sitting not far away, looking on at them as they played.

One of the climbers was________（冠词）8-year-old boy named David. He was the________ （short） child in the group. Nobody thought he would win the competition.

Then the game started. All of the boys tried ________（ they 1 best to climb as high as they could. ________（连词）they all made it halfway up the tree before David did, he reached the top of the tree first in the end.

His mother was proud to see this. She asked him, "David, how did you manage to reach the top of the tree so ________（quick）?"

"It was easy, "David said. "The other children ________（keep）looking down as they climbed. When they realized how high they were, they got scared and were afraid of ________（fall） down. I, however, looked only up. When I saw how close I was, I just went higher and higher until I reached the lop."

It is true in life that if we just keep going forward________（介词）looking back, we are more likely to reach our goals and achieve success.

【答案】 climb；mothers；an；shortest；their；Although/ Though；quickly；kept；falling；without

【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这群男孩于是决定玩一个游戏，看谁能先爬到树顶。climb 是动词，爬，could是情态动词其后是动词原形，故填 climb 。

（2）句意：他们的母亲坐在不远处，看着他们玩耍。mother是名词，妈妈，此处泛指故用复数，故填 mothers。

（3）句意：其中一个登山者是一个名叫大卫的8岁男孩。boy是名词单数，8以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an表示泛指，故填an。

（4）句意：他是小组里个子最矮的孩子。没有人想到他会赢得这场比赛。short是形容词，矮的，根据定冠词the可知是形容词最高级，故填 shortest。

（5）句意：然后比赛开始了。所有的男孩都尽力爬到尽可能高的地方。try one's best to do，固定搭配，尽某人最大努力做某事，they的形容词性物主代词是their，他们的，故填their。

（6）句意：虽然他们都比大卫先爬到了树的一半，但最后他还是第一个到达了树顶。根

据they all made it halfway up the tree 和 he reached the top of the tree first in the end ，可知此处是让步状语从句的语气，although/ though，尽管，故填 Although/ Though。

（7）句意：大卫，你是怎么这么快就爬到树顶的？副词修饰reach，quick的副词是quickly，迅速地，故填 quickly。

（8）句意：其他孩子在爬山时不断向下看。根据 as they climbed 可知时态是一般过去时，keep的是动词，其过去式是kept，保持，故填 kept。

（9）句意：当他们意识到自己有多高时，就会感到害怕，害怕摔倒。fall是动词，落下，of是介词，其后是动名词falling，故填 falling。

（10）句意：这是真实的生活，如果我们继续向前，而不回头看，我们更有可能达到我们的目标和取得成功。根据keep going forward 可知是不要回头，without是介词，没有，故填 without。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It was early and there weren't many people on the road. A girl on a bike passed me ________ （quick）. She was riding on ice ________ suddenly she fell off her bike a few ________ （step） in front of me. She was trying hard to get up but fell again. Without thinking, I went over and helped her stand up. She said "Thank you!" to me ________ a smile and then rode away. The words "Thank you" warmed me and this made me feel ________ （little） nervous about my new school.

When I finally got to school, I was led into the classroom and ________ （ask） to sit beside a girl. I was so nervous. I knew some of the students were looking at me ________ I didn't dare to look at ________ （they）. Soon the first class started. It was English. They used a different textbook from my old school and I didn't have a copy. As I was wondering what to do, a book appeared in front of me. "Let's ________ （share）," the girl next to me said. I looked up. It was the girl I ________ （help） that morning. What a surprise!

【答案】 quickly；when；steps；with；less；asked；but；them；share；helped

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者帮助了一个女孩，后来女孩也机缘巧合的帮助了他。（1）句意：一个骑自行车的女孩从我身边迅速经过。副词修饰动词passed，quickly是副词，迅速地，故填quickly。

（2）句意：她正骑在冰上，就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。根据She was riding和 suddenly she fell off，可知用when引导时间状语从句，表示就在那时，故填when。

（3）句意：她正骑在冰上，就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。a few 修饰名词复数，step是名词，步子，故填steps。

（4）句意：她对我微笑着说“谢谢你！”，然后骑车离去。with a smile，固定搭配，含笑，故填with。

（5）句意：“谢谢你”这句话温暖了我，这让我对我的新学校感到不那么紧张。此处是比较级表示看到微笑前后的不同心情，little的比较级是less，更少，故填less。

（6）句意：当我最终到达学校时，我被带进教室，并要求坐在一个女孩旁边。根据was led into the classroom and可知and前后一致，都是一般过去时的被动语态，故此处省略助动词was，只填过去分词，故填asked。

（7）句意：我知道有些学生看着我，但我不敢看他们。根据students were looking at me 和 I didn't dare to look at，可知此处表示转折关系，故填but。

（8）句意：我知道有些学生看着我，但我不敢看他们。根据，故填them。

（9）句意：我旁边的女孩说:“我们一起用吧。” let后是动词原形，share，是动词，分享，故填share。

（10）句意：是我那天早上帮助的那个女孩。根据It was the girl，可知时态是一般过去时，故填helped。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

4．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 A wealthy old man lived alone in a big house. He was growing ________ （weak） day by day. Since he was unable to look after ________ （him）, he decided to hire （雇佣）a nurse to take care ________ him.

One day, the old man interviewed two ________ （nurse）—Anthony and Peter. Anthony was a handsome young man while Peter looked quite ordinary. The old man asked Anthony to make tea for him. After Anthony left, the old man turned to Peter and said, "Anthony has ________ （give） me a very bad account of you. He said you are rude and untrustworthy. Is this correct?"

Peter thought for a minute and said, "________ Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things."

The old man was very impressed by Peter's words. At the same time, Anthony came back with ________ cup of tea for the old man.

The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him. He then returned to Anthony and told him. "Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone. ________ do you think about this?" After hearing this, Anthony shouted ________ （angry）.

In the end, Peter ________ （choose）. Peter looked quite common, but he had impressive inner beauty.

【答案】 weaker；himself；of；nurses；given；If；a；What；angrily；was chosen

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一个老人在录用护士时，故意挑起对方的矛盾，通过两人截然不同的反应，从而判断谁适合。

（1）句意：他一天比一天虚弱。weak是形容词，形容词修饰系动词grow，根据day by day可知是比较级weaker，故填 weaker。

（2）句意：因为他不能照顾自己，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。look after oneself，照顾自己，主语是he，故反身代词是himself，故填 himself。

（3）句意：因为他不能照顾自己，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。take care of，固定搭配，照顾，故填of 。

（4）句意：一天，老人面试两个护士——Anthony and Peter 。two后是可数名词复习，

nurse，是可数名词，故填nurses。

（5）句意：安东尼对你的评价很差。根据助动词has可知此处是现在完成时，故填过去分词，give的过去分词是given，故填given 。

（6）句意：如果安东尼对我有看法，我一定有什么问题。此处是条件状语从句，故是引导词if，如果，故填If。

（7）句意：同时，安东尼给老人端了杯茶回来。cup是名词单数，以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a表示泛指，a cup of，固定搭配，一杯……，故填a。

（8）句意：你对此怎么想？此处是特殊疑问句，think后缺少宾语，故用what提问，故填What。

（9）句意：听到这，安东尼生气地大喊。副词修饰动词shouted，angrily，是副词，生气地，故填angrily。

（10）句意：最后，Peter被录用。根据Peter looked quite common，可知时态是一般过去时，choose与主语Peter是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词是was，choose的过去分词是chosen，故填was chosen。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意调整词性，时态，主谓一致和名词的数等。

5．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过3个单词）。

Thomas Edison was a great American ________ （invent）.When he was________child, he was always asking questions and trying out new ideas. No matter________ hard it was, he never gave up.

Young Tom was in school for only three ________ （month）. His teacher didn't understand why he had so many strange questions. Most of ________（they） were not about his lessons. The teacher didn't want to teach Tom any more. He asked Tom's mother to take the boy home. Tom's mother taught him ________ （read） and write, and she found him a very good student. He learnt very fast and became very ________（interest） in science.

One day, he saw a little boy ________（play） on the railway tracks （铁轨） at a station. A train was coming near quickly, and the boy was too frightened （恐惧） to move. Edison rushed out and took him away ________ （safe）. The boy's father was so thankful that he taught Edison to send messages ________telegraph （电报）.

【答案】 inventor；a；how；months；them；to read；interested；playing；safely；by 【解析】【分析】这篇短文简要介绍了著名发明家爱迪生的生平，他因为发明了电灯，从而改变了人们的生活。并且短文详细描述了爱迪生的人格特点。

（1）句意：托马斯·爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家。根据 a great American是形容词，故前后是名词单数，invent是动词，名词是inventor。故填inventor。

（2）句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他总是问问题。child是以辅音音素开头的单数名词，故用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填a。

（3）句意：无论多么困难，他都不会放弃。hard是副词，根据语序it was可知，no matter how表示"无论如何"的意思，引导让步状语从句。故填how。

（4）句意：小汤姆只上了三个月的学。基数词three后用复试形式months。故填months。

（5）句意：他问的问题大部分都与他的功课无关。of是介词，其后应该要用宾格形式，they的宾格是them。故填them。

（6）句意：汤姆的母亲教他读写。taught是teach的过去式，教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.，故填to read。

（7）句意：她妈妈发现他是个很好的学生。他学得很快，对科学很感兴趣。对什么感兴趣be interested in sth.是个固定短语搭配。故填interested。

（8）句意：一天，他看到一个小男孩在火车站的铁轨上玩耍。saw是see的过去式，看到某人在做某事应为see sb. doing sth.，故填playing。

（9）句意：一列火车很快就要开过来了，男孩吓得不敢动。爱迪生冲过去把他带到了安全的地方。took是take的过去式，take是动词应该用副词来修饰，safe是形容词，副词是safety。故填safely。

（10）句意：这个男孩的父亲非常感激爱迪生，教他用电报发送消息。by通过某种方法、手段。表示传达、传递的方式或媒介。故填by。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意名词复数，词性，介词，和see sb. doing sth的固定搭配等多种用法。

6．用所给单词的适当形式填空，未给词的限填一词。

I used to be strongly against telling lies. I can't stand （忍受）lies. ________, a white lie changed my idea.

Several days ago, I invited some friends ________（get） together at a bar to celebrate my birthday. They promised to meet ________at 5 p.m. When that day came, I got to ________bar early. To my disappointment （失 M）, only one friend arrived by 4:50 p.m. Did they forget my birthday? I had to keep________（wait） for them. Most of them said that they were ________ the way while some said they were still at home. I realized that they wouldn't come on time. At 5 p.m., there ________（be） just three people with me. I sat on my chair ________ （happy）. How could they do this to me? They didn't care about me! I got so angry that I decided to leave. But just at that moment, a group of my ________ （friend） came into the room with a big cake

in their hands, singing "Happy birthday to you". I was so________（surprise）. Ever since then, I didn't hate telling white lies anymore.

【答案】 However；to get；me；the；waiting；on；were；unhappily；friends；surprised 【解析】【分析】作者曾经强烈反对说谎，无法忍受谎言。但一次他的朋友们在聚会上给他惊喜的经历让他自此以后不再讨厌善意的谎言。

（1）句意：然而，一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法。前句说：我曾经强烈反对说谎。我无法忍受谎言。这里又说一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法，说明出现了转折，这里不是并列句，位于句首逗号前，用however，但是，故填However。

（2）句意：几天前，我邀请了一些朋友聚在酒吧庆祝我的生日。invite sb to do意为"邀请某人做……"，故填to get。

（3）句意：他们答应在下午5点见我。他们是要来赴约见我，动词meet后加人称代词宾格做宾语，我，me是宾格，故填me。

（4）句意：那天到了，我早早到了酒吧。名词bar意为"酒吧"，这里是特指，表示就是那个要开派对的酒吧，用定冠词the，故填the。

（5）句意：我不得不一直等他们。keep doing，一直做……，wait，动词，等待，动名词是waiting，故填waiting。

（6）句意：他们中的大多数人说他们在路上，而有些人说他们还在家里。on the way，在路上，表示他们还没到，还在路上，故填on。

（7）句意：下午5点，只有三个人和我在一起。这是there be句型，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时，最近的主语是people，对应的be动词是were，故填were。

（8）句意：我不开心地坐在椅子上。没来多少人我肯定不开心，根据How could they do this to me?可知是不开心，副词修饰动词sat，unhappily，是副词，不开心地，故填unhappily。

（9）句意：但就在那一刻，我的一群朋友带着一块大蛋糕走进房间，唱着"祝你生日快乐"。a group of修饰可数名词复数，故填friends。

（10）句意：我是如此的惊讶。这里是在be动词后加形容词表示状态，形容词surprised 意为"惊讶的"，故填surprised。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

7．阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

Dear readers,

Once, I had to call the firefighters to put out a fire. I still remember how fast it made my heart

beat, ________it was a small fire. I was glad and thankful when the firefighters put it out________（quick）.

Firefighters help in all kinds of sudden serious and________（danger） events or situations. I saw firefighters carrying people from their flooded homes while________（watch）the news today. Often, they are the first helpers when________accident happens. Some firefighters train to help people and pets that fall into frozen lakes. To prepare for real-life rescue like this one, they must practice putting________ice suits, working with ropes, and using hand signals to communicate. If you want to learn more about these________（/bre?v/） men and women, read the article

Danger! Rescue on Thin Ice.

Where would we be without the first helpers? Maybe you'll ________（/dЗэ?un/）me this month in finding a way to thank them. Giving a card, a drawing, or a plate of cookies to your local fire________（/'s te??n/）could be the start of a new tradition for your families and our________（hero）will be thankful for it.

Happy holidays!

Your friend,

Christine 【答案】 though/although；quickly；dangerous；watching；an；on；brave；join；station；heroes

【解析】【分析】（1）句意：我仍然记得它使我的心跳得有多快，尽管那是个小火。根据两句话的意思是转折，故填 though/although 。

（2）句意：当消防员迅速扑灭时，我很高兴也很感激。被填的的词修饰动词词组put out，应用副词， quick 的副词 quickly。故填 quickly。

（3）句意：消防员在各种突发的严重和危险事件或情况中提供帮助。名词events or situations 事件或情况前用形容词， danger 的形容词 dangerous ，故填 dangerous 。

（4）句意：我今天看到消防员从被淹的房子里抬着人看新闻。固定搭配while doing当做某事的时候， watch的现在分词 watching，故填 watching 。

（5）句意：当事故发生时，他们往往是第一批帮助者。可数名词单数前应用a/an，a用在辅音读音开头的的单词前，an用在元音读音开头的的单词前；故填an。

（6）句意：他们必须练习穿上冰衣。固定搭配，put on，穿上，故填on。

（7）句意：如果你想更多地了解这些勇敢的男人和女人，读这篇文章。根据音标/bre?v/可知是 brave勇敢的，故填 brave 。

（8）句意：也许这个月你会和我一起感谢他们。根据音标/dЗэ?un/ 可知应是 join，加入，故填 join 。

（9）句意：送一张卡片，一张画，或者一盘饼干到当地的消防站可能是你的家人新传统的开始。根据音标/'ste??n/，可知是station，站，故填 station 。

（10）句意：我们的英雄会感激它的。根据上文helpers 是复数，他们是英雄， hero的复数是heroes ，故填 heroes 。

【点评】本题考查单词在语境中的运用，需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。

8．阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。

People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing—sleeping. Every year, there is a day for people around the world to celebrate the ________ （important）of good and healthy sleep—World Sleep Day.

Sleep is like food for the brain. Healthy sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop. People of different ages need different amounts of sleep. It is said that eight hours per night ________ （consider）the average amount of sleep. For students aged 10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However, last year, the China Youth and Children Research Center ________ （report）that about four ________ （five）of middle school students didn't get enough sleep. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep ________ （worry） about their schoolwork and can't fall ________ （sleep） quickly. A lack （缺乏）of sleep can greatly affect （影响）a person's life. Students who don't get enough sleep may get poor grades. They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports.

________ （solve） this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have ________ （little）schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as ________ （take） a 20-minute nap （午睡） during the day, trying to go to sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also ________ （help）. For example, try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day.

【答案】importance；is considered；reported；fifths；worrying/worried；asleep；To solve；less；taking；helpful

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇与睡眠有关的短文，讲述了睡眠与健康的关系，不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠时间，中国青少年学生的睡眠现状以及解决措施等。

（1）句意：每年，世界各地都有一个节日来庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠词the，可知此处应填入一个名词，important是形容词“重要的”，与其对应的名词是importance“重要”，故答案填importance。

（2）句意：据说每晚8小时的睡眠时间被认为是平均睡眠时间。由题干可知主语eight hours与动词consider之间存在被动关系，所以应用被动语态，文章时态为一般现在时，时间作主语谓语动词用单数，所以be动词用is，consider的过去分词是considered，故答案填is considered。

（3）句意：然而，去年中国青少年研究中心报道。由last year可知，动词时态用一般过去时，report的过去式为reported，故答案填reported。

（4）句意：大约五分之四的中学生睡眠不足。这里考查分数的表达方法，在英语中一般用基数词表示分数的分子，用序数词表示分数的分母；当分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式，所以五分之四的正确书写是four fifths，故答案填fifths。

（5）句意：对于一些学生来说，他们想早点睡觉，但是他们总是担心他们的学业。keep doing sth.或者keep+形容词，都表示“使…处于某种状态”，worried，是形容词，故答案填worrying/worried。

（6）句意：他们不能很快入睡。联系上文语境，结合提示词可知此处句意为“他们不能很快入睡。”“入睡”fall asleep，固定词组，前面有情态动词can't，所以这里用动词原形，故答

案填asleep。

（7）句意：为了解决这类问题。这里应用动词不定式表示目的，故答案填To solve。（8）句意：科学家建议学生应该少做功课，多睡觉。根据后面的more time to sleep可知此处应表达的是“作更少的功课”，句中暗含比较级，little的比较级为less，故答案填less。（9）句意：比如白天小睡20分钟。such as意思是“比如”，as是介词后接动词ing形式，故答案填taking。

（10）句意：良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。前面有系动词are，后接形容词作表语，help“帮助”，动词，与其对应的形容词是helpful“有帮助的、有益的”，故答案填helpful。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

9．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

Nowadays, with the development of Internet technology, two-dimensional code （二维码） is very popular among us. It's also ________ （call）quick response code （QR code）. It's a group of black square dots on a white background. This special code was invented ________ a Japanese company in 1994. It's ________ （wide） used all over the world.

QR code is used ________ （store） information. It can also store pictures. It is easy to use a QR code. If you want to get the information, just take out your cellphone and scan （扫描） the code by a special app, and then you can get ________ easily.

Today, QR codcs are popular in China. There are QR codes on televisions and the Internet. The codes have been used and printed on Chinese train tickets ________ 2010. When a machine scans the code on the ticket, information of the ticket owner and the train ________ （appear）on the screen in a few seconds.

QR codes have many special uses. For example, in 2008, ________ Japanese company planned to put QR codes on gravestones （墓碑）. By scanning the code, visitors could get information about the departed （去世的）person. Recently, special cards ________ QR codes were introduced to old people in some cities in China. If they get ________ （lose）, people can know about their names, addresses and telephone numbers of their family members by scanning the codes.

【答案】 called；by；widely；to store；it；since；will appear；a；with；lost

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了二维码的应用。

（1）句意：它也叫做快速响应码。根据call与主语是被动关系，已有助动词is，故此处是过去分词，故填called。

（2）句意：这种特殊代码是1994年一家日本公司发明的。根据was invented是被动语态可知用介词by，被，故填by。

（3）句意：全世界都广泛地使用它。副词修饰动词used，widely是副词，故填widely。

（4）句意：二维码码用于储存信息。 be used to do，被用来做某事，故此处是不定式，故填to store。

（5）句意：那么你可以很容易地得到信息。information是不可数名词，故此处用it指

代，做宾语，故填it。

（6）句意：自从2010年以来，这些代码已经被使用并印在中国火车票上。根据The codes have been used可知时态是现在完成时，since+时间点2010，是现在完成时的标志，故填since。

（7）句意：当机器扫描火车票上的代码时，几秒钟后火车票所有者和火车的信息就会出现在屏幕上。when引导的时间状语从句，时态是主将从现，故此处的主句是将来时will+动词原形，故填will appear。

（8）句意：例如，2008年，一家日本公司计划在墓碑上贴二维码。Japanese是名词单数，用辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a，表示泛指，故填a。

（9）句意：近年来，我国部分城市向老年人推出了二维码专用卡。此处缺少介词，做后置定语，根据 special cards 和 QR codes可知是一种携带关系，with，有……，故填with。（10）句意：如果他们迷路了，人们可以通过扫描密码知道他们的家庭成员的姓名、地址和电话号码。get lost，迷路，固定搭配，故填lost。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意适当调整词性，时态和介词等用法。

10．语法填空

Long long ago, there was a small village in the Middle East. In the village there was________old man called Sthira. He lived by himself. His only son had gone far away to study. Sthira's friends________（wonder）whether his son would return,________Sthira always said," Whatever happens, happens for good."

One day the old man's son returned and the villagers were very happy for Sthira. He thanked the villagers and said________（polite）,"Whatever happens, happens for good." However, later, Sthira's son broke his________（leg）. Once again the villagers came to visit him and once again the old man thanked________（they） and said, "Whatever happens, happens for good." Some of the villagers were surprised________（hear） this. Why? What was good? His son's leg got badly hurt!

After a few days, the army came to the village and forced all the young men to________the army. When they found his son had a________（break） leg, they left him behind. Once again, all the villagers came to congratulate him on his________（good）luck. Like always, the old man was still thankful to them and said," Whatever happens, happens for good."

【答案】 an；wondered；but；politely；leg；them；to hear；join；broken；good

【解析】【分析】文章大意：从前，在一个小村里，有一个泰斯拉的老人，不管发生了什么他都认为是好事。

（1）句意：在一个村庄里有一个叫做泰斯拉的老人。man是单数，前面需要不定冠词，old是以元音音素开始的，因此使用an，故答案是an。

（2）句意：泰斯拉的朋友想知道他的朋友是否回来。根据句首的long long ago可知句子为一般过去时，故答案是wondered。

（3）句意：但是泰斯拉总是说“不管发生了什么，都是好事，”朋友想知道他的儿子是否会回来，泰斯拉却说不管发生了什么都是好事，所以使用but表示转折，故答案是but。（4）句意：他感谢了村民们，然然后礼貌地说：“不管发生了什么，发生的都是好

事。”polite修饰动词said，因此使用副词politely，故答案是politely。

（5）句意：然而，之后，太势力的儿子摔断了腿。摔断的不可能是两条腿，应该是一条腿，因此使用单数形式，故答案是leg。

（6）句意：村民在一次来看忘了他，他再一次感谢了他们。they做thank的宾语，应使用宾格人称代词，故答案是them。

（7）句意：一些村名听到后感到很吃惊。听到是吃惊的原因，应使用动词不定式做状语，故答案是to hear。

（8）句意：几天之后，军队来到村里，强迫年轻人参军。根据the army可知是强迫参军，force sb. to do sth.固定搭配，to已经给出，因此使用动词原形，故答案是join。

（9）句意：当他们发现他的儿子有一条断腿的时候，他们就把他留下了。break修饰leg，因此使用过去分词，故答案是broken。

（10）句意：村民再次来祝她好运。good修饰luck，没有任何比较，所以使用原级，故答案是good。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

11．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确。

There are problems between teenagers and adults. Lack of________ （communicate）is one of them. As for teenagers, it can often be quite difficult to talk to our parents. It seems our parents are always telling us to study. We feel that our parents hardly understand us, so we tend to either talk to our friends________just keep quiet about our problems. We often fail________（see）that our parents care about us. This is a shame because we can actually learn a lot from________（they） experiences. We should not forget that our parents used to be teenagers too. They once________（face） many of the same problems and________（difficult）.So try to be ________open-minded towards their opinions. Remember that our parents just want the________（good） for us. Take the time to sit down and________（real） talk to them.

They might provide you________some useful advice.

【答案】 communication；or；to see；their；faced；difficulties；more；best；really；with 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了孩子与父母件怎么沟通太有效。

（1）句意：缺乏交流是问题之一。句中communicate是动词，作介词of的宾语，要用名词形式，communication交流，抽象名词，故填 communication。

（2）句意：是我们要么和朋友交谈，要么就对我们的问题保持沉默，either…or…要么……要么……，固定搭配，故填or。

（3）句意：我们总是看不到父母对我们的关心。fail to do sth，不能成功地做某事，故此处是不定式，故填to see。

（4）句意：这很遗憾，因为我们事实上可以从他们的经历中学到很多东西。修饰名词experiences，要用形容词性物主代词their ，they是主格，故填their。

（5）句意：他们曾经也遇到过相同的问题和困难。描述过去要用一般过去时态，故填faced。

（6）句意：他们曾经也遇到过相同的问题和困难。句中and连接并列结构，difficult要和前面的problems保持一致，用difficulties表达各种各样的困难，故填difficulties。

（7）句意：我们要努力用更开放的思维对待父母的观点。be系动词后是形容词，此处暗含比较，故用比较级，复合形容词 open-minded前加more是比较级，故填more。

（8）句意：父母总想把最好的给我们。the定冠词是最高级的标志，good的最高级是best，故填best。

（9）句意：花点时间坐下来和他们交谈。副词修饰动词talk，real是形容词，副词是really，故填really。

（10）句意：他们可能会给你提供一些有用的建议。 provide sb with sth，固定搭配，提供某人某物，故填with。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词，比较级搭配等多种用法。

12．语法填空

The Chinese first ________ （make）paper about 2,000 years ago. China still has pieces ________paper which were made as long ago as that. But Chinese paper was not made from the wood of trees. It was made from the hair-like parts of certain plants.

Paper was not made in ________ （south）Europe until about the year 1100. Scandinavia （斯堪的纳维亚半岛）,which now makes a great deal of the ________ （world） paper, did not begin to make it until 1500. It was a German ________ （name） Schaeffer who found out that one could make the best paper from trees. After that, the forest countries of Sweden, Norway, Finland, and the United States ________ （become）the largest paper producers. Today in Finland, which makes the ________ （good） paper in the world, the paper industry is the biggest on the land. New papermaking machines are very big, and ________ （them） make paper very fast. The biggest machines can make a piece of paper that is 300 metres long and 6 metres wide ________ one minute.

When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books, letters, envelopes and writing paper. ________there are many other uses. Only half of the paper that is made is used for books and newspapers, etc.

【答案】 made；of；southern；world's；named；became；best；they；in；But

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了全世界的造纸工艺。

（1）句意：大约2000年前中国制造了第一张纸。根据2,000 years ago可知2000年前是一般过去时的标志，make的过去式是made，故填made。

（2）句意：中国仍然有在那之前制作的纸。pieces of，固定搭配，张，故填of。

（3）句意：直到大约1100年，纸才在南欧制造出来。Europe是名词其前是形容词，south是名词，southern是形容词，故填 southern。

（4）句意：斯堪的纳维亚半岛现在在世界报纸上占有很大份额，直到1500年才开始发行。paper是名词，此处是所有格，故填 world's。

（5）句意：是一个叫谢弗的德国人发现人们可以用树做最好的纸。name和German是被

动关系，故用过去分词做后置定语，故填 named。

（6）句意：此后，森林国家瑞典、挪威、芬兰和美国成为最大的纸张生产国。描述过去用一般现在时，become的过去式是became，故填 became。

（7）句意：今天，在世界上造纸最好的是芬兰，造纸工业是世界上最大的。根据the biggest on the land可知此处是最高级，good的最高级是best，故填 best。

（8）句意：新的造纸机很大，而且造纸很快。此处缺少主语，故用主格，them是宾格，主格是they，故填 they。

（9）句意：最大的机器可以在一分钟内制造出一张长300米、宽6米的纸。此处缺少介词表示时间范围，in one minute，在一分钟之内，故填in。

（10）句意：但还有很多其他用途。此处缺少连词，此处表示前后的对比，故是转折关系连词but，故填But。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

13．语法填空

Dear Auntie Em,

Great news! Mrs Mumford just told me I had been chosen as one of the school________（student）to visit the University of Cape Town in South Africa this summer！She said the programme________（design）for some of the brighter teenagers to experience a different culture.________a good chance！

The only problem is: Mum and Dad________（simple）won't let me go. They said it was dangerous for me, a girl, ________（travel）alone. But my guess is that they think it too expensive. I kept telling________（they）I had been on a plane alone to visit you in Texas before. They needn't worry about me________this trip would be almost the same as that one.________（but）they just won't listen!

Will you help, Auntie Em? It will be________very important experience to my personal growth. Love, （and love you even________（much）if you manage to make Mum & Dad agree with

me. ）

【答案】students；was designed；What；simply；to travel；them；because/as；But；a；more

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者因无法参观南非开普敦大学而向Auntie Em求助。（1）句意：芒福德夫人刚刚告诉我，我被选为今年夏天参观南非开普敦大学的学生之一！one of+限定词+名词复数，故填students。

（2）句意：她说这个项目是为了让一些聪明的青少年体验不同的文化而设立的。design 和programme是被动关系，主句是一般过去时，故从句是过去式的被动语态，主语是program么me，单数名词，故助动词是was，故填 was designed。

（3）句意：多好的机会啊！根据 a good chance 可知此处是感叹名词chance，故用what，故填What。

（4）句意：妈妈和爸爸绝对不会让我走。副词修饰动词let，simply是副词，绝对地，故填simply。

（5）句意：他们说这对我这个独自旅行的女孩来说很危险。it's+形容词+for sb to do，固定搭配，对某人而言做某事很……，故此处是不定式，故填 to travel。

（6）句意：我不停地告诉他们，我以前曾独自乘飞机去德克萨斯州看望过你们。tell是动词，其后是宾格做宾语，they的宾格是them，故填them。

（7）句意：他们不用担心我，因为这次旅行几乎和那次一样。从句是对主句的解释，故表示原因，故填because/as。

（8）句意：但是他们就是不听！作者安慰了父母很久，和他们就是不听表示转折故选，故是但是，故填But。

（9）句意：这对我的个人成长将是非常重要的经历。experience是名词，very以辅音音素开头，故此处用不定冠词a，表示泛指，故填a。

（10）句意：如果你能让爸爸妈妈同意我的话，我会更爱你。副词even后是比较级，much的比较级是more，故填more。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

14．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所給单词的正确形式。

Food waste is a world's problem. Every year, about 1.3 billion tons, or one-third of all the food produced is thrown away, according to a survey. ________（use）just 25 percent of that wasted food could feed 870 million hungry people, which would end world hunger. The people of France wasted 234 pounds of food per person, which is much better than some other________ （country）.

In the past, France wasn't________at controlling food waste, but now the country takes the lead. A law was________ （make） by French government. It made France the first country in the world to prevent supermarkets from________（throw）away unused food. Now supermarkets of a certain size must donate unused food, or they will face a fine. ________ are other rules requiring schools to teach students about food sustainability （可持续性）.They also ask companies to report the food waste numbers in their environmental reports. And restaurants should provide take-out bags.

These laws make it a standard to reduce waste." says Marie Mourad, a student in Paris who has ________ （write） several reports on French food waste." France is not the country that wastes the least food, ________ Frenchmen have become the most active because they want to be the example in Europe.'* This step has influenced parts of French food industry. It is everyone's duty to fight ________ food waste. Everyone on the earth should ________ attention and take action.【答案】 Using；countries；good；made；throwing；There；written；but；against；pay 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了食物浪费的问题。

（1）句意：仅用这些浪费食物的25%就可以养活8.7亿饥饿的人，这将结束世界的饥饿。use是动词，使用，位于句首，用动名词做主语，故填Using。

（2）句意：法国人民每人浪费了234磅食物，比其他一些国家要好得多。country是名

词，国家，some other+名词复数，一些其他的......，故填countries。

（3）句意：过去，法国并不擅长控制食物垃圾，但现在这个国家在这方面处于领先地位。be good at，固定搭配，擅长，故填good。

（4）句意：法国政府制定了一项法律。根据助动词was可知此处是被动语态，动词make 的过去分词是made，制作，故填 made。

（5）句意：它使法国成为世界上第一个防止超市丢弃不用的食品的国家。from是介词，其后是动名词，throw是动词，扔，故填 throwing。

（6）句意：还有其他的规定要求学校教学生食物可持续性。根据are可知，此处是there be句型，有，故填 There。

（7）句意：巴黎的一位学生，写过几篇关于法国食物垃圾的报道。根据助动词has可知此处是现在完成时，故填过去分词，write是动词，其过去分词是written，故填 written。（8）句意：法国不是一个浪费最少食物的国家，但是法国人之所以成为最活跃的国家，是因为他们想成为欧洲的榜样。根据France is not the country that wastes the least food,和Frenchmen have become the most active，可知此处表示转折关系，故填转折连词but，但是，故填 but。

（9）句意：与食物浪费作斗争是每个人的责任。fight against，固定搭配，与……作斗争，故填 against。

（10）句意：地球上的每个人都应该注意并采取行动。pay attention，固定搭配，主语，should是情态动词，其后是动词原形，故填 pay。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

15．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入适当的词或使用括号中单词的正确形式填空。

Exam time! Most kids don't like exams, ________ we can't live without them. They play an important role in our lives.

Exams are not all the same. There are ________ kinds. One kind tests our knowledge and skills. The other kind helps find excellent students in different fields. For example, universities ________ （use） it to choose students.

At middle school, exams are about answering ________ （question） on paper. At university, doing an experiment or even ________ （draw） a picture can also be exams.

Kids in different ________ take different exams. In the USA, many school children do a book report or a science report ________ part of their exams. In Australia, middle school students need to use ________ they have learnt in class to make speeches. Sometimes, teamwork is part of an exam.

So exams are our lifetime "friends". Be nice and ________ （patient）with them. They

________（help） to make US better than before.

【答案】 but；two；use；questions；drawing；countries；as；what；patient；will help 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了考试是我们一生的“朋友”，善待他们，耐心对待他们，他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。

（1）句意：大多数孩子不喜欢考试，但是没有考试我们无法生活。根据don't like exams 不喜欢和we can't live without them离不开可知此处是转折关系，故用连词but，但是，故填but。

（2）句意：考试不尽相同，共有两种。根据下文的one和the other可知是两者，故是基数词two，两个，故填two。

（3）句意：例如，大学用它来选择学生。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是名词复数universities，故谓语动词是动词原形，use是动词，故填use。

（4）句意：在中学，考试是关于在纸上回答问题的。answer question，回答问题，故question是名词，表示泛指用复数形式，故填 questions。

（5）句意：在大学里，做实验甚至画画也可能也是考试。根据doing an experiment or可知or前后一致，故此处用动名词做主语，draw是动词，故填 drawing。

（6）句意：不同国家的孩子参加不同的考试。根据different后是名词复数，下文提到美国，加拿大等国家，故此处是名词国家，country，故填 countries。

（7）句意：在美国，许多学生在考试中会做读书报告或科学报告。此处缺少介词，根据report可知此处是作为某个报告内容，as是介词，故填as。

（8）句意：在澳大利亚，中学生需要用他们在课堂上学过的东西来演讲。此处是宾语从句，learn后缺少宾语，故用what指代物，故填what。

（9）句意：善待他们，耐心对待他们。be系动词后缺少形容词，be patient with，对……有耐心，固定搭配，故填 patient。

（10）句意：他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。根据Be nice可知祈使句后是将来时，help是动词，故填 will help。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

16．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you" What is the most important in your life? ", maybe you will say" Computers and the Internet".

The________（one）computer was made in 1946. It was very big but it worked________（slow）. Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But________work faster and faster. What can computers do? A writer has said, "People can't live________computers today."

The Internet came a little later than computers. It is about twenty-three years later than computers. But now it can________（find） almost everywhere. We can use it to read books, write letters, do________（shop）, play games or make friends.

Many students like the Internet very much. They often surf the Internet as soon as they are free. They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends. They don't know their real________（name）, ages, and even sex（性别）. They are so________

（interest） in making the "unreal friends" that they can't put their hearts into study. Many of them can't catch up with others on many subjects________of that.

We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world. But at________same time, we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.【答案】first；slowly；they；without；be found；shopping；names；interested；because；the

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了电脑的发明时间，以及电脑的用途。还有电脑对我们生活的影响。

（1）句意：第一台电脑是在1946年制造的。根据定冠词the，可知应使用序数词first，故答案是first。

（2）句意：它很大，但是工作得很慢。slow修饰动词worked，应使用副词slowly，故答案是slowly。

（3）句意：但是他们工作的越来越快了。空缺处指代前文的computers，因此使用they，故答案是they。

（4）句意：现在没有了电脑人们不能生活。因为电脑在我们日常生活中越来越重要。所以没有电脑就不能生活，没有without，故答案是without。

（5）句意：但是现在到处都可以发它。主语it 和find是被动关系，应使用被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态是：情态动词+be+过去分词，故答案是be found。

（6）句意：我们可以用电脑读书、写信和购物，购物do shopping，固定搭配，故答案是shopping。

（7）句意：他们不知道他们真正的名字。name名字，可数名词，根据their可知应使用复数形式，故答案是names。

（8）句意：他们对于结交不真实的朋友那么感兴趣，以致于不能把心思用在学习上。be interested in，对……感兴趣，故答案是interested。

（9）句意：因为这个原因，他们中的许多人在许多课程山上跟不上其他学生。because of 应因为，固定搭配，故答案是because。

（10）句意：但是同时，我们应该记住电脑和网络并不能够做所有的事。at the same time，同时，固定短语，故答案是the。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

17．语法填空

A kidnapped 3-year-old boy ________ （name） Aiden helped police find himself on Tuesday, Jan. 13, after answering ________ （he） mum's phone in her stolen car- find out how he pulled it off!

Authorities said they found a 3-year-old boy who was sitting ________ a car stolen outside a Utah day care on Tuesday after he ________ （answer） his mother's cellphone and honked the horn to draw their attention.

"The boy's mother, Elizabeth Barrios, left the car unlocked and running ________ a snowy

morning as she dropped off another child, a baby, at the day care around 7 am in Ogden, a town about 40 miles north of Salt Lake City," the police said. When she walked out, she saw someone ________ （drive） her car away with her 3-year old son Aiden inside.

Police arrived and called her cellphone, which was in the car, hoping ________ （reach） the thief and negotiate the boy's release.

Instead, the boy answered the phone. He told his mother that a ________ （strange） had driven away her car and was going through her purse. She told him ________ （stay） calm as the man took things from her purse ________ ran away.

"He is a very smart child," the police praised the kid. "He did a great job."

【答案】 named；his；in；answered；on；driving；to reach；stranger；to stay；and

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个3岁的男孩通过在被偷的车里接了妈妈的电话后，帮助警方找到了他的事情。

（1）句意：1月13日，星期二，一个被绑架的名叫艾登的3岁男孩在被偷的车里接了妈妈的电话后，帮助警方找到了他。helped是谓语动词，故此处是非谓语动词，name与boy是被动关系，故用过去分词做后置定语，named，名字叫……的，故填named。

（2）句意：1月13日，星期二，一个被绑架的名叫艾登的3岁男孩在被偷的车里接了妈妈的电话后，帮助警方找到了他。phone是名词其前是形容词性物主代词，he是主格，他，其形容词性物主代词是his，他的，故填his。

（3）句意：当局说，他们发现一个3岁的男孩坐在一辆被偷走的车里，星期二他在犹他州一家日托所外接了他母亲的手机，并按了喇叭以引起他们的注意。根据was sitting，可知表示正坐在某处，in the car，在车里，表示地点，故填in。

（4）句意：当局说，他们发现一个3岁的男孩坐在一辆被偷走的车里，星期二他在犹他州一家日托所外接了他母亲的手机，并按了喇叭以引起他们的注意。根据and honked the horn，可知and前后时态一致是一般过去时，故填answered。

（5）句意：警方称，男孩的母亲伊丽莎白·巴里奥斯早上7点左右在盐湖城以北40英里的小镇奥格登接受日托时，在一个下雪的早晨，将另一个孩子，一个婴儿，放下后，车没锁，就跑了。根据a snowy morning，可知morning前有形容词时用介词on，表示在……的早上，故填on。

（6）句意：当她走出来的时候，她看到有人开车带着她3岁的儿子艾登走了。see sb doing sth，看见某人正在做某事，故此处是现在分词，故填driving。

（7）句意：蒂姆·斯科特中尉说，警察到了，打电话给她车里的手机，希望能找到小偷，并与他协商释放男孩的事宜。hope to do，希望做某事，故此处是不定式，故填to reach。（8）句意：他告诉他妈妈一个陌生人开着她的车走了，正在翻她的钱包。不定冠词a后是名词单数，strange是形容词，stranger，是名词，陌生人，故填stranger。

（9）句意：她让他保持冷静，因为那个男人从她的钱包里拿走了东西就跑开了。tell sb to do，固定搭配，告诉某人做某事，故此处是不定式，故填to stay。

（10）句意：她让他保持冷静，因为那个男人从她的钱包里拿走了东西就跑开了。此处表示并列关系，拿走东西并且跑掉，故是并列连词and，故填and。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用

法。

18．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确。

There is a nice family living in Valladolid, a beautiful city in Spain.________father, Jose Garcia, is a tall and friendly man. He________（work）in a famous company. He married Teresa, a________（beauty） woman, ________dark eyes and light hair. She is a ________（teach） of a primary school. Jose and Teresa have three________（child）: Susan, Rebecca and Juan. The________（old）, Susan, is 24 years old. She's a doctor and busy with her work every day. She________（usual） goes to work at 8 a.m. and comes home after 7p.m. Rebecca, a beautiful girl with big dark eyes, is 19 years old and________（study）Chinese in the Canary Islands. Juan, a naughty 11-year-oldboy, dreams of________a great football player. They are a happy family.【答案】The；works；beautiful；with；teacher；children；eldest；usually；studies；becoming

【解析】【分析】文章大意：在西班牙美丽的城市瓦拉多利德，住着一个很好的家庭。何塞·加西亚娶了特蕾莎。她是一所小学的五年级教师。何塞和特蕾莎生了三个孩子：苏珊、丽贝卡和胡安。苏珊，24岁。她是个医生，每天都忙于工作。She早上8点上班，晚上7点回家。Rebecca，19岁，在加那利群岛学习中文。胡安，一个顽皮的11岁男孩，梦想着成为一名伟大的足球运动员。他们是一个幸福的家庭。

（1）句意：爸爸，何塞加西亚是一个高个子善良的人。father特指前文提到的住在瓦拉多利德承德市幸福家庭中的爸爸，因此使用定冠词，因为在句首，手字母t应大写，故答案是The。

（2）句意：他在一个著名的公司上班。本文的基本时态为一般现在时，所以本句也是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词使用单三形式，故答案是works。（3）句意：他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女。beauty作定语修饰woman，应使用形容词beautiful，故答案是beautiful。

（4）句意：他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女、长着黑色眼睛作定语修饰woman，应使用介词with连接，故答案是with。

（5）句意：他是一个小学的老师。根据冠词a，可知后面单数可数名词，与teach相关的名词是teacher，老师，故答案是teacher。

（6）句意：何塞和特蕾莎有三个孩子。child孩子，可数名词，根据three可知应使用复数形式children，故答案是children。

（7）句意：最大的，苏珊24岁了。根据后文的叙述可知苏珊年龄最大，兄弟姐妹之间年龄最大使用eldest，故答案是eldest。

（8）句意：她通常八点上班。usual修饰go to work，应使用副词形式usually，故答案是usually。

（9）句意：长着黑色大眼睛的丽贝卡19岁了，在加那利群岛学习中文，文章的基本时态为一般现在时，主语Rebacca是第三人称单数，动词使用单三形式，故答案是studies。（10）句意：十一岁的胡安是一个淘气的男孩，他的梦想是成为一乐伟大的足球运动员。

空缺处是a great football player.的逻辑谓语，能够跟a great football player.构成动宾关系的是become，of是介词，介词后跟动词ing形式，故答案是becoming。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

19．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ernest Hemingway, the son of a doctor and a music teacher, was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway's father________（teach） him early on how to hunt and fish, two activities Hemingway loved throughout his life. Instead of ________（go） to college, Hemingway became a reporter for the Kansas City Star.

Later, in Europe, he worked as a driver ________ the Italian army until he was wounded and shipped home, where he again wrote for newspapers. Two years ________, he moved to Paris, where he hoped to improve his writing. There he became friends with other ________（America） writers, including

Gertrude Stein and F. Scott Fitzgerald.

Hemingway developed ________ style of writing that was simple and direct. He chose words sparingly（俭省地）, avoided using adjectives, and trusted the reader to understand ________（mean） of his writing. As he put it, "I always try ________（write） on the principle（原则）of the iceberg（冰山）. There is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows. "This style continues to influence Writers today. In his career（生涯）, which lasted some 40 years, Hemingway earned the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize. He was one of the finest writers of the________（twenty） century.

For a while Emest Hemingway lived in Key West, Florida, where he had nearly 50 cats. One of them was a cat with six toes（脚趾）, which a ship's captain had given him. Today his Key West home is a museum, and many cats still live there. Some of them are ________（child）of Hemingway's six-toed cat. Hemingway was married four times and had three sons. He died in 1961.

【答案】 taught；going；for；later；American；a；meaning；to write；twentieth；children 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了海明威及其写作风格。

（1）句意：海明威的父亲很早就教他如何打猎和钓鱼。描述过去用一般过去时，teach的过去式是taught，故填 taught。

（2）句意：海明威没有去上大学，而是成了《堪萨斯城明星报》的记者。of是介词其后是动名词，故填going。

（3）句意：后来，在欧洲，他在意大利军队当司机，直到他受伤并被运回家，在那里他再次为报纸写作。work for，固定搭配，为……工作，故填for。

（4）句意：四年后，他搬到巴黎，希望在那里提高写作水平。时间段+later，……之后，故填later。

（5）句意：在那里，他和其他美国作家成了朋友。writers是名词其前是形容词做定语，

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