7.分译法

第七节 分译法

英语长句的翻译方法

顺序法 逆序法 分译法 综合法 英语长句翻译的特点：

● 由先到后

● 由具体到一般 ● 由因到果

● 由现象到本质

● 由条件（让步）到事实 ● 由事实到结论

一． 顺序法

1． It is quite obvious that the organization of such a computer becomes rather complex, since one must insure that a mix-up does not occur among all the various problems and that the correct information is available for the computer when it is called for, but if not ,the computation will wait until it is available .

十分明显，这样一台计算机的结构变得相当复杂，因为必须保证它在处理各种各样的问题时都不产生混淆，而且计算机所需要的正确信息可随要随有，如果一时没有，就要等到有了再进行计算。

2． From the standpoint the developing countries, the next decade should see a greatly accelerated program for scientific and technological co-operation, aimed at wide-spread dissemination of technology for meeting the basic needs of man, such as nutrition, shelter, communications, health and sanitation.

从发展中国家的观点来看，下一个十年应有一个大力加速科学技术合作的纲领，旨在广泛传播技术，从而满足人们诸如营养、住宅、交通、卫生保健的基本需要。

3． The interests of peace prompt us to speak in restrained and measured language and to avoid any escalation of mutual recrimination which would be likely to compromise the patient and discreet quest for a peaceful settlement of this conflict.

和平的利益促使我们用克制而有分寸的语言来讲话，以避免互相指责的升级，因为这种升级很可能会有损于耐心、慎重地寻求和平解决这一冲突的办法。

4． Several countries, which I shall call satellites, I would even say weathercocks of the great powers, have spoken here of differences of origin, differences of language and of religion, which might militate in favor of the separation of this area from the country, for that is what they want.

有些我想称之为大国的卫星国，乃至大国的风向标的国家，在这里曾大谈什么血统的不同、语言的不同和宗教的不同。在它们看来，这些不同或许有助于这个地区从该国分离出去，而这正是它们所求之不得的。

二． 逆序法

1． ① It is quite understandable ② that the United Nations, having no life except that which its members give to it, ③ should show evidence of the maladies that is present in the world today.

Hints:①conclusion; ② cause; double negation be turned into strong affirmation; ③ effect;

addition. Suggested order: ②-③-①

正因为联合国的生命完全是它的成员国赋予的，因此联合国也呈现出今天世界上所存在的各种病症，这是完全可以理解的。

2． ① Engels spoke with the authority and confidence, ② born of forty years’ closest friendship and intellectual intimacy, ③during which he had grasped, as no other man had, the full significance of Marx’s teachings.

Hints:①general effect or conclusion; addition;②cause; extension of the meanings of “born”, “intimacy”; ③result; condensation. Suggested order:②-③-①

由于四十年最亲密的友谊和思想契合，恩格斯对马克思学说的意义比任何人都了解得彻底。他就是以这种资格和信心说话的。 3． ①I hope it will not be thought disrespectful to those gentlemen,② if, entertaining as I do, opinions of a character very opposite to theirs, ③I shall speak forth my sentiments freely, and without reserve.

Hints: ①the writer’s hope;②,③ condition. Suggested order:②-③-①

如果我的见解和他们恰好相反，并愿无拘无束、毫无保留地直抒己见希望不致认为是对诸位先生的不敬。

4． ①I immediately stopped what was to me the almost incredible practice of ②having the President’s bed from the White House flown ahead ③whenever he traveled outside Washington ④so that he would never have to sleep in a strange bed.

Hints: ①general statement; ②details; ③adverbial of time; ④adverbial of result. Suggested order:①-③-②-④

我立即停止了一种在我看来几乎是难于置信的惯例；总统离开华盛顿外出旅行，无论到什么地方，他在白宫睡的床要事先用飞机运到，这样他就永远不必睡陌生的床了。

三． 拆译法

1． I must say that his statement was laudable for its frankness and quite plausible on the basis of premises which, I’m afraid, are invalid in the context of the United Nations Charter. 应当说，他发言坦率，这是值得称赞的，听起来也颇有道理，然而按照联合国宪章的精神，这些话所依据的前提恐怕是站不住脚的。

2. I sincerely hope that your congratulations will be matched by your collective endeavour to seek a just and practical solution to the problem which has bedeviled the United Nations for so many years.

我诚恳的希望，你们在表示祝贺之后，也能相应作出共同努力，以便寻求一个公正的切实可行的办法，来解决这个多年来一直困扰着联合国的问题。

3．There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference, between the mental operation of a man of science and those of an ordinary person as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher who weights out his goods in common scales and the operations of a chemist who performs a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graduated weights.

科学家的思维活动和普通人的思维活动之间存在着差别，这种差别就象一个面包师或者卖肉者和一个化验师在操作方法上的差别一样。 前者用普通的秤称东西的重量，而后者则用天平和精密砝码进行艰难复杂的分析。其差别不过如此而已。 练习：

1. On August 1, the gunboat began her mission, which was, in the eyes of the defenders, a

provocative act and seemed to be part of the overall assault which had begun on July 31. 2. And I take heart from the fact that the enemy, which boasts that it can occupy the

strategic point in a couple of hours, has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions, because of the stiff resistance.

3. The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election

results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House.

4. Manufacturing processes may be classified as unit production with small quantities

being made and mass production with large numbers of identical parts being produced. 5. To be sure, the time has passed when it could be a scientific discovery of first rank to

explain by means of a telescope the spots on the surface of the moon as shadows of craters. 答案：

1． 八月一日，炮艇开始执行任务，这在防御者看来是挑衅行为，又是7月31日以来的全

面进攻的一部分。（顺译法）

2． 敌人吹嘘说在几个小时内占领战略要地，但由于受到顽强抵抗，现在仍未突破外围地区，

这使我信心倍增。（逆序法）

3． 在记者招待会上，问题集中于昨天的总统选举结果。总统说他无法解释为什么共和党遭

受如此大的失败，这将会使共和党失去在众议院长期享有的优势。（分译法）

4． 生产过程可以分为单体生产和批量生产，单体生产少量商品，批量生产大量相同产品。

（分译法）

5． 通过望远镜，把月球表面的斑点解释为火山口的阴影可能是一流的发现，毫无疑问，这

个时代已经一去不复返了。（综合法）

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