口译中简单而常用的57种速记符号

口译中简单而常用的57种速记符号

小编摘要：速记是一项特殊的技巧，速记语言是由一套完整的符号组成的体系。在口译实践中逐步掌握一些简单的速记符号是有益的。 常用速记符号

大于 ＞ 同意 Y 问题、疑问 ？ 接触、交往 ∞ 小于 ＜ 上升、增加 ↑ 和、与 ＆ 分歧 ⊥ 小于或等于 ? 下降、减少 ↓ 结论是 =＞ 非常、十分重要 ** 大于或等于 ? 强、好 ＋ 促进、发展↗ 坚持 ≡ 等于、意味着 = 更强、更好 ＋＋ 国家 □ 关键 ！ 不等于 ≠ 弱、差 － 国与国 □/□ 奇观 ! 约等于 ≈ 更弱、更差 ―― 原因 ← 有关 @ 遗憾、悲哀 ; 因为 ∵ 导致、结果 → 替换为 ∽ 高兴、荣兴 ( 所以 ∴ 对立、冲突 >< 但是 ‖ 错误、否、不、否定 × 优秀 ★ 波折 ＜＜ 与??比较而言 ∥ 正确、对、好、肯定 √ 属于 ? 会议、会面⊙ 空洞 ○ 不同意 N 胜利 V 进入 ∩ 代表 △

口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。

人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。顾名思义，短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆，长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多，其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。即便是当感知的信息有意义时，人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子，或者一组十位数的数字。因此，对于口译工作者来说，完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的，记笔记便显得十分重要。

一、做口译笔记时的注意事项

1.口译笔记应记要点，切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充，不应也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系（如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等），笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。 2.口译笔记求快求精，但不可潦草。

3.口译笔记可使用来源语，也可使用目标语，也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性，不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如，“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。

4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语，例如：cf(compare), Co(company), eg(for example), etc(and so on), esp(especially), ie(that is), max(maximum), min(minimum), ref(reference), std(standard), usu(usually),等。

二、常用速记符号

速记是一项特殊的技巧，速记语言是由一套完整的符号组成的体系。在口译实践中逐步掌握一些简单的速记符号是有益的。

2011年中高级口译常见新闻英语词汇合集

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小编摘要：本文总结了中高级口译中最新的常见新闻英语词汇，希望能对同学们有所帮助。 Accord: agreement 协议，条约≈treaty；protocol Air: to make known, broadcast 广播，播放 Assail: To criticize strongly 谴责

Axe: To dismiss from a job; To cut, destroy, take away 大幅削减 Back: To support 支持≈embrace Balk: To refuse to accept 拒绝；阻碍 Ban: Prohibition; prohibit 禁止

Bar: Not to allow, exclude 排外；禁止

Bid: Attempt, offer 企图；努力 in a bid to? Bilk: To cheat 欺骗≈swindle

Blast: Explosion; strong criticism; To criticize strongly; strike with explosives爆炸；严厉批评 Blaze: Fire 火；火焰

Blow: Injury / disappointment suffered 遭受到的不幸或打击 Boost: Promotion/promote, increase, support 促进≈fuel Chide: Ridicule 责骂；奚落

Claim: To declare to be true; To kill 声称；夺命

Clash: Dispute, violent argument, Battle (n.); To disagree strongly; fight (v.) 冲突 Cool: Uninterested; unfriendly 冷漠≈indifferent

Coup: Revolution, change in government 政变；=Coup d'état 兵变 Curb: Restraint, limit 限制；抑制

Deadlock: A disagreement that cannot be settled 僵局≈stalemate Deal: Agreement 共识；协议

Drive: Campaign, effort 运动；事业 Due: Expected 到期；预计到 Envoy: Diplomat 特使

Eye: To watch with interest 凝视；盯着 Face: Undergo 面临；经历

Fault: To find in the wrong 找茬；吹毛求疵

Feud: Dispute, strong disagreement 世代结仇；斗争 Flay: To accuse; criticize strongly 严厉指责 Foe: Opponent; enemy 敌人；仇敌；≈rival Foil: To prevent from succeeding 阻挠 Gems: Jewels 珠宝；珍宝

Go-ahead: Approval 同意；许可 Grab: Seize, win 抓住；赢得 Grip: To take hold of 把握

Gut: To destroy completely by fire 损毁（内部）；彻底烧毁 Halt: Stop 停滞≈standstill

Haul: Large quantity which has been stolen and later discovered 失而复得 Head: To lead, direct 朝向 Head off: To prevent 阻止 Held: To restrict 限制 Heist: Theft 抢夺

Hit: To affect badly 打击

Hold: To keep in police control; detain 拘留；拘押≈in custody Ink: To sign 签署≈put pen to? Jet: Aero plane 喷气飞机 Jobless: Unemployed 失业

Key: Essential, vital, very, important 关键≈crucial; pivotal Kick off: To begin 开始

Lash out: To criticize strongly; accuse 指责；控诉 Laud: To praise 表彰≈acclaim Launch: To begin 开启；启动 Line: Position; demand 排列 Link: To connect 连接

Loom: Expected in the near future 隐约出现

Loot: To take away of valuable goods unlawfully (v.); Stolen money or goods (n.) 洗劫；抢夺 Man: Representative

Nab: To capture 抢夺；盗窃

Net: To total; To capture 总额；捕获 Nod: Approval 同意

Ordeal: Painful experience, drama 痛苦；严峻考验；折磨 Office: An important government position 政府职位 Opt: Choose; decide 选择 opt for?

Oust: To take power away from, push out, drive out, replace 驱逐；剥夺 Output: Production 产出 Pact: Agreement, treaty 协议 Pay: Wages, salary 工资 Pit: Coal mine 煤矿；坑

Plea: Request for help 恳求

Pledge: Promise 许诺≈make commitment Plunge: Steep fall 暴跌

Poised: Ready for action 泰然自若；平衡≈balanced

Poll: Election, public opinion survey; Voting station 投票；公投 Post: Position in government, business, etc.职位 Press for: To demand, ask for 要求 Probe: investigation 调查 Prompt: To cause 促使

Push: Encourage, support 鼓励；激励 Quit: Leave, resign 放弃≈abort 废除 Quiz: Question, interrogation 调查

Rage: To burn out of control 激烈地进行；肆虐 Raid: Attack, robbery 攻击，突击

Rap: Accusation; charge; To criticize, reprimand 指责；指控 Riddle: Mystery 谜

Rock: To shock; to surprise 惊人

Rout: To defeat completely 击溃；溃败 Row: To quarrel, argument, dispute 争吵

Rule: To decide (especially in court) 判决；裁决 Rule out: To not consider as a possibility 排除 Sack: Dismiss from a job 开除；下岗

Sack (from “ransack”): To search thoroughly and rob 洗劫 Scare: Public alarm 恐慌≈panic Set: Decide on, ready 考虑，决定 Slam: criticize 批评；抨击

Smash: defeat 打败；重创

Slay: To kill or murder 杀死≈annihilate 彻底消灭 Snag: Problem; difficulty 意想不到的障碍 Snub: To pay no attention to 冷落；怠慢 Soar: To rise rapidly 飙升

Solon: legislator 立法者≈legislator; Congressman; Law-maker Spark: To cause; to lead to action促使；导致≈trigger; prompt Split: To divide 分离

Squeeze: Shortage, scarcity 紧锁

Stalemate: A disagreement that cannot be settled 僵局≈deadlock Stall: Making no progress 使?停滞；陷入泥潭 Stance: Attitude, way of thinking 立场 Stem: To prevent or stop 阻止≈curb

Storm: Angry reaction, dispute 暴怒；猛冲 Strife: conflict 冲突

Sway: To influence or persuade 动摇；影响

Swindle: An unlawful way of getting money 诈骗 ≈fraud; scam Switch: Change, deviation 变化

Swoop: Sudden attack or raid 突袭；≈assault; foray Talks: discussion 谈判；negotiation; consultation

Thwart: To prevent from being successful 阻止；≈hinder, impede Ties: relations 关系；≈links; bonds Top: To exceed 超过; ≈surpass; Tot: Child 孩子 Toddler 幼童

Trim：To cut 削减；slash 大幅削减 Trigger：To cause 导致，诱发；

Urge: insist, strongly request 敦促；呼吁; call for..; Vie：To compete 竞争

Void：To determine to be invalid 作废；使?无效； Vow：To promise 宣誓，pledge; swear;

Walkout：Strike (often unofficial) ； stage a walkout 罢工 Wed: To marry 结婚 Wedlock: Marriage 婚姻

Weigh：To consider 斟酌了、考虑

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