Unit 7 A Christmas Carol

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Unit 7 A Christmas Carol

⊕考纲要求：

◆ 考纲规定的考试范围:

1. 重点单词与短语bacteria; powder; standard; conscience; nephew; frost; handwriting; overcoat; wage; anyway; god; admit; foolish; partner; abundant; warmth; taxpayer; personally; occupy; constant; welfare; clerk; composer; novelist; firm; shadow; ambition; noble; gain; bond; indeed; goose; selfish; bishop; choir; care for; leave alone; in want of; close up;

2. 句型where引导地点状语从句 3. 语法：复习状语

◆ 复习本章要达到的目标

1. 掌握 standard; conscience; wage; anyway; god; admit; foolish; occupy; constant; welfare; clerk; ambition; indeed care for; leave alone; in want of; close up;等重点单词及短语的用法。 2. 掌握状语及where引导状语从句的用法；

⊕教材知识归纳

◆知识归纳

1. Neither Scrooge nor Marley cares for other people. care for：关怀, 照顾, 愿意, 计 Would you care for some tea? 你想喝一些茶吗？

I don’t care much for/about fine clothes. 我对衣服不是很在意。 He cares for her deeply. 他深深地爱着她。 相关归纳：

care about忧虑；关切；关心；惦念 I don’t care about what people think. 我不关心别人怎么想的。 I don’t care about going or staying. 对于是走还是留下来我不在乎。 Don’t you care about this country’s future? 难道你不关心这个国家的前途吗？

注意：在表示“喜欢、关心、照顾”时，两个短语意思和用法基本相同。在表示“介意、在乎”时，只用care about，特别在后跟v.-ing时，不用care for。但在表示比较客气、委婉的“要不

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要……”意思时，用care for。

2. So what? You’ll want all day off tomorrow, I suppose?

So what（口语）那又怎样？ (1) “He doesn’t like you.” “So what?” “他不喜欢你。”“那又怎样？”

(2) “He’s won $1000.” “So what? He isn’t any happier.” “他赢得了1000美元。”“那又怎样？他一点也不幸福。” 相关归纳：

what if （要是）……如何（怎么办），……怎么办？ guess what告诉你一个消息（情况） what of it 那又有什么关系？那又怎样？ that’s it 说对了；（任务）完成了 what’s all就这些（没别的话了） that is to say 这就是说 with that接着，然后

3. Anyway, I suppose I will have to let you have it.

anyhow= anyway：adv. “无论如何；无论怎样”，可以位于句首，也可位于句尾。 That wasn't my fault, anyway. 反正那不是我的过错。

It may rain, but we shall go anyway. 也许会下雨,可我们无论如何要去。 You can do the job anyway you want. 这工作你想怎么干都行。

He dumped the tools in the box just anyway. 他把工具随随便便往箱子里一扔。 4. Let me leave it alone, then. leave alone

(1) 不要打扰；不要碰 Go away and leave me alone. 走开，不要管我。

You leave my sister alone or I’ll tell my father. 别惹我妹妹，不然我告诉我爸爸了。 Leave that machine alone. 别碰那台机器。

(2) 撇下……一个人；让……一个人单独呆着。 I don’t want to be left alone. 我不愿一个人呆着。 相关归纳:

(1)leave behind 遗留；留下

I realized I’d left my umbrella behind on the train. 我意识到我把雨伞落在火车上了。 (2)leave for 出发去……

We are leaving for Canada next week. 下星期我们要去加拿大。

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(3)leave off停止，结束

I think we should leave off now and have a cup of tea.

我想我们该停下来喝杯茶了。

(4)let alone更不要说；别管，不干涉

5. But you must admit that it hasn’t, so far!

admit vt. 承认，供认；准许……进入；接纳，招收；容纳 (1) admit sb./ sth. into/ to sth. 允许某人（物）进入 sb. be admitted to school/ hospital 接受某人入学（入院） He was admitted to Beijing University last year. 去年他被北大录取了。

I cannot admit you into the theatre yet. 我还不能让你进入戏院。 (2) admit sth. 承认某事

admit doing sth.承认做过某事 admit that-clause 承认…… He admitted his guilt. 他承认了自己的罪行。

Will you admit having broken the window? 你承认你打破了窗子吗？

You must admit the task to be difficult. 你必须承认这项任务是艰巨的。 We have to admit that he’s highly able man. 我们必须承认他是个非常能干的人。 (3) 容纳(hold/ contain/ seat) The theater admits 1000 people. 这个剧院可容纳一千人。

6. There are many things that do me good without bringing in profits.

do sb. good =do good to sb. 对某人有好处（good前可用much/a lot of/some/no等词修饰） Milk does you good. 牛奶对你有好处。

A breath of fresh air often does our health a lot of good. 呼吸新鲜空气对我们的健康大有好处 The church does good by helping the poor. 教会大施善举，帮助穷人 相关归纳:

(1)for good (and all) 永远

We thought they’d come just for a visit, but it seems they’re staying for good. 我们以为他们只是来短期拜访，但看来他们要永远住下去了。 He has given up smoking for good and all. 他已经永远不吸烟了。 (2)be good at…擅长…

We must be good at learning from the peoples the world over. 我们必须善于向全世界各国人民学习。 (3)be good for…对…有好处/益处

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Participation in setting-up exercises to radio music is good for health.

参加做广播体操有益于身体健康。 (4)It’s no good doing sth. 干…没用

It’s no good trying to run; the police will catch you. 逃跑是徒劳的，警察一定会抓到你。 It’s no good complaining now. 现在抱怨也没什么用了。 (5)for the good of 为了…的利益 I go swimming for the good of my health. 我为了自己的健康去游泳。

(6)for your own good 从自身利益考虑

(7)What good…? What is the good for…? …有什么用？

What is the good of buying a boat when you don’t have enough spare time to use it? 买了船却没有时间去使用，又有什么用呢？ (8)come to no good 结果不好

He runs around with bad people and he will come to no good someday. 他整天和坏人在一起，总有一天他也会变坏的。 (9)as good as 几乎，实际上

I washed those old curtains and now they look as good as new. 我洗过了这些旧窗帘，现在它们看上去几乎和新的一样。 7. Many thousands are in want of basic needs. in want of 需要

He is in want of exercise. 他需要运动。

The house is in want of repair. 这所房子需要维修。 He is in want of exercise. 他需要锻炼。 相关归纳:

(1)in need of 需要

We are badly in need of your help. 我们迫切需要你的帮助。

(2)in honour of 纪念

A bridge was built in honour of the dead. 为了纪念那些死者一座桥被建造了。 (3)in favour of 赞成 I am in favour of your decision. 我支持你的决定。

(4)in memory of 纪念

They will build a monument in memory of the national hero. 他们将建造一座纪念碑来纪念这位民族英雄。

(5)in place of 代替

Plastics are now often used in place of wood or metal. 现在塑料经常被用来代替木料或金属。

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(6)in praise of 赞扬

The teacher spoke in praise of those students who helped each other.

老师表扬了那些互相帮忙的学生。

(7)in search of 寻找

These birds fly south in search of winter sun every year. 这些鸟每年都飞往南方去寻找冬日的阳光。 (8)in the hope of /in hope of 怀有……的希望 I called in the hope of finding her at home.

我给她打了个电话，希望能在她家中找到她。 8. Those who are badly off must go there. be badly off 潦倒，贫困

They don’t seem too badly off----they have smart clothes and a nice house. 他们似乎不算贫困，因为他们有漂亮的衣服和房子。 She was quite badly off for a while after her husband died. 丈夫去世后的一段时期内她很贫困。 相关归纳:

(1)be well off 富裕的，有钱的

(2)be better off（日子）过得好起来

The couple is very well off, with a big house, fine jobs and three cars.

那对夫妇日子过得很宽裕，他们有一座大房子、不错的工作和三辆汽车。 She was not well off and had a room to rent. 她不富裕，只得出租一间房子。

She has a good job and is better off now than she was when unemployed. 她找到了一份好工作，现在的生活比她失业时好了。 They are better off than we are. 他们的境况比我们好。

9. My business occupies me constantly. occupy vt. 占领,占据

The enemy soon occupied the town. 敌人很快占领了这个城镇。 占(时间,空间);占用;住

Reading occupies most of my free time. 阅读占去了我空闲时间的大部分。 The bathroom is occupied. 浴室有人在用。

(常与oneself连用或作被动式)使忙碌,使从事[(+in/with)] This game will keep the children occupied. 这个游戏让孩子有得忙了。 She is occupied in writing a novel. 她忙于写小说。

He occupied himself with various research projects. 他终日从事各种研究计划。 担任(职务),居(某种地位)

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Mr. Oliver occupies an important position in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

奥利佛先生在外交部充任要职。 相关归纳:

(1)occupy oneself with/in… 从事于……；忙于……；专心于…… (2)be occupied with/in… 从事于……；忙于……；专心于…… Workmen were occupied with pulling down the houses. 工人们正忙着拆房子。

He occupied himself in writing a book. 他忙于写书。

He was occupied with a book. 他忙于写书。

10.All your other hopes and dreams have flown into one single ambition. ambition n. 野心；雄心；企图 be full of ambition 野心勃勃 the height of one’s ambition最高志向 Her ambition was to be a famous singer. 她的理想是成为著名的歌唱家。

He then attempted something more ambitious, a novel of 200000 words. 接着他试图写一部更大的作品，一本二十万字的长篇小说。 Her son was filled with ambition to become a great inventor. 她儿子一心想成为伟大的发明家。

相关归纳:

ambitious adj. 志向远大的；有雄心壮志的；渴望的；有野心的

ambitious for power (social position, etc.) 极欲获得权力，（社会地位等） be ambitious of success 渴望成功

be ambitious to serve the people 一心想为人民服务

◆概念提示

重点/热点1：If I hear another word from you, you will go where it is really cold. 如果再让我听到你发出一点声音的话，那你说会到真正凉快的地方去。

go where it is really cold 是一个where 引导的地点状语从句。这个从句也可转换为一个定语从句：即go to the place where it is really cold.。

地点状语从句一般放在不及物动词后面，由“where + 主语+谓语等”构成。它与定语从句的区别是：①地点状语从句前没有先行词，而定语从句前有先行词。②地点状语从句中的引导词where不可能作“prep.+ which”，而定语从句中的where可以转达为“prep.+ which”。 （1）躺在有草的地方。

Please lie where there is grass.（状语从句）

相当于：Please lie in the place where there is grass.（定语从句） （2）在我们第一次见面的地方等我。

Please wait for me where we met each other for the first time.（状语从句）

相当于：Please wait for me in the place where we met each other for the first time.（定语从句） （3）我们应该到最需要我们的地方去。

We should go where we are badly needed.（状语从句）

相当于：We should go to the place where we are badly needed.（定语从句）

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（4）有志者，事竟成。

Where there is a will, there is a way.（状语从句）

本句原来语序为：There is a way where there is a will. There is a way in the place where there is a will. (定语从句)

重点/热点2 Let’s observe another little scene, as you might have in your life to come. 我们再来看一个镜头，这可能是你未来生活中会出现的镜头。

as 在此处引导一个定语从句，as 替代先行词scene，在从句中作宾语。as引导定语从句时还指代整个主句。

As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China. 众所周知，台湾是中国的组成部分。（as替代整个主句：Taiwan is part of China） He was a foreigner, as I detected from his accent.

他是个外国人，我是从他的口音里听出来的。（as替代整个主句：He was a foreigner） 易混易错点1： standard, level

(1)standard n. 标准；水准；规格；规范；业务水平 adj. 标准的；符合标准的；公认为权威的 Your recent work has been below standard. 你最近的工作一直低于标准。 Your work is not up to (the) standard. 你的工作未达到标准。

The kilogram is the international standard of weight. 公斤是国际通用的重量标准。 He wrote in standard English. 他用标准英文写作。

This is a standard atlas.

这是一本有权威性的地图册。

(2)level n.水平线；水平面；级别；水平 adj. 水平的；平坦的；同等标准的 v. 使平坦

The village is 1,000 meters above sea level. 这村子海拔一千米。

The flood rose to a level of 50 feet. 洪水涨到五十英尺高。

These students have not reached an advanced level yet. 这些学生尚未达到高级班的程度。

They are holding a conference at ministerial level. 他们正在举行部长级会议。 Some streets are not level in the city. 城里有几条街道不平坦。

The little girl's head is level with her mother's knee. 这小女孩已经长到她母亲膝盖那么高了。 She gave me a level look. 她直瞪瞪地看我一眼。

He was getting angry but his voice remained level.

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他很生气,但说话的语气仍很平静。 ⊕讲题组

◆课内题例与课后题：

课内题例

1. I’m certain David’s told you his business troubles. _________, it’s no secret that he owes a lot

of money to the bank.

A. However B. Anyway C. Therefore D. Though 变式1：I might fail, but _________ I insist on doing it. I don’t mind it

A. however B. anyhow C. got D. meanwhile 变式2：--- I can give you a lift. --- No, I’ll walk. _______.

A. Thanks anyway B. Never mind

C. Mind you own business D. I couldn’t agree more 解析：B 本题考查前后句的逻辑关系，前半句说“我确信Divid告诉你他的生意上的麻烦”，后半句是“众人皆知，他欠银行一大笔钱”，可以推知后半句是对前半句的补充说明。所以用anyway（无论如何）。However表示“转折”；therefore表示“结论”；though表示“尽管”。变式1：B anyhow意为“无论怎样”。 变式2：A A选项为“不管怎样都谢谢你”；B选项为“不要紧”；C选项为“管好自己的事”；D选项为“非常赞同”。 2. __________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.

A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious 变式：________ that we couldn’t catch up with him.

A. So fast he ran B. So fast did he run

C. So fast ran he D. Such fast did he run

解析：B so…that…引导状语从句，如果so所引导的形容词或副词提至句首时，so引导的句子要进行部分倒装，即把助动词提至so + adj./adv. 后。变式：B

3. According to ________ world Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _________ spread of AIDS.

A. the; / B. the; the C. a; a D. /; the

变式1：In the late afternoon, we reached _____ small village ______ east of ______ West Hill. A. the; the; the B. a; /; the C. a; the; the D. a; /; /

变式2：When ________ Forbidden City caught fire, people got into _______ panic.

A. the; a B. the; / C. the; the D. /; /

变式3：We believe ______ Beijing we’ll see in _____ year 2008 will be quite ______ different city from what it is now.

A. /; the; a B. the; the; a C. the; the; the D. /; the; the

解析：B 考查冠词。某类组织前要加the，第二空有AIDS来限定spread，特指AIDS的传播，因此要加定冠词the。变式1：B 第一空“一个小村庄”，用不定冠词；第二空表示方位的词east/ west/ north/ south前如果没有介词则不用冠词；第三空专有名词the West Hill指“西山”。变式2：A the Forbidden City专有名词，“紫禁城”；get into a panic 为固定短语，“十分惊慌”的意思。变式3：B 第一空因后面有定语修饰，故用定冠词；第二空用定冠词，表示“在??年”；第三空表示“和现在完全不同的一个城市”，用不定冠词。

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4. ________ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.

A. As B. That C. This D. It

变式1：He is trying to win the first prize in the competition, but he won’t find _______ easy. A. one B. it C. them D. this

变式2： As the elder sister among them, she made _______ her duty to look after all her sisters and brothers.

A. this B. that C. one D. it

变式3：The government thought _____ necessary to help those poor university students to finish their schooling.

A. that B. it C. this D. him

解析：D 本题考查it的用法。这里it用做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。变式1：B 此处it 做形式宾语，代替前面的to win the first prize in the competition。变式2：D 作为他们当中的大姐，她把照顾她的弟弟妹妹们看做她的责任。此题中it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to look after …；her duty在句中做宾语补足语。变式3：B it是形式宾语。本题句型可以提炼为：think/ consider/ suppose/ believe + it +adj./ n. + for (sb.) to do sth.。 5. Mr Smith asked me to buy several ________ eggs for the dinner party.

A. dozen B. dozen of C. dozens D. dozens of

变式：Shortly after the accident, two ________ policemen were sent to the spot to keep order. A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen D. scores

解析：B dozen做定语，当前面有具体数字或形容词several，a few等修饰时，dozen后不变复数。变式：C dozen和score前面有数词修饰时，应用原形，不用复数。故C为正确答案。

6. Most of what has been said about the Smiths ________ also true of the Johnsons. A. are B. is C. being D. to be

变式1：What you think of him and what you will do with him _________ none of my business. A. have B. has C. is D. are

变式2：When and how to hold the party for Children’s Day _______ yet.

A. haven’t decided B. hasn’t decided

C. haven’t been decided D. hasn’t been decided

解析：B 句意：对于Smith夫妇的评价在大多数情况下也适用于Johnsons夫妇。What引导的名词性从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数。变式1：D 主语是由and连接的两个句子，表示的是两方面的意思，故谓语动词用复数；短语be none of one’s business“与??无关”。故答案选D。变式2：D 主语是由and连接的两个句子的省略形式，但表达的是一件事，就是“举行儿童节晚会”，故谓语动词用单数；再根据句意，“这件事还没有被决定”，故用被动语态，所以选D。

课后题：

1. He said he didn’t know much about computers _______ he’d try and help us _____. A. anyway; anyhow B. but; anyway C. and; anyhow D. so; however

2. ________ the vase or you will break it. You know grandfather treasures it.

A. Leave off B. Leave alone C. Let alone D. Let go 3. Helen is fully _______ with her business matters so we don’t want to bother her.

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A. occupying B. to occupy C. occupied D. to have occupied 4. Please do remember to put the magazines ________ they belong for others to refer to. It’s the

rule of our library.

A. where B. that C. who D. what 5. ---Why are you selling your second-hand car?

---Oh, this car can do _______ break down whenever I’m in a hurry. A. everything and B. everything but C. nothing and D. nothing but 答案:

1. B “不懂电脑”和”试着帮忙”为转折关系,用but 不用so .anyway 与anyhow 为近义词,但however 用作让步结构,一般要用逗号.

2. B leave off”停止,不再使用” let alone.更不用说 let go放开,松开.此题用leave alone ,不要动.

3. C occupy 常与反身代词连用,相当于busy oneself with sth.此句主语为occupy 的宾语,故用被动结构.

4. A belong 常与to 连用,表示隶属关系.但此处不表示隶属,而表处所,where 相当于in which.

5. D nothing but 相当于only. B 项everything but break 意为:不会抛锚.

⊕课后练习题

A组：

1. _______ her hair getting gray, she decided to have it dyed.

A. As B. For C. With D. Through 2. ________ one thousand students went to work on the farm. A. As much as C. As much C. As many as D. As many

3. ---You don’t seem to e quite yourself today, what’s wrong? ---Oh, I’m suffering from a cold. Nothing serious, ________.

A. yet B. indeed C. though D. anyway 4. Your sister is ________ too young to learn Russian.

A. quite B. very C. far D. fairly 5. I think, _______ it’s a good idea.

A. personal B. speaking

C. personally speaking D. personally spoken

6. ________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the lake. A. Having suffered B. suffering

C. To suffer D. suffered

7. Why do you want a new job _________ you’ve got such a good one already? A. that B. where C. which D. when 8. He _______ me good luck when we parted.

A. hoped B. wished

C. believed D. looked forward

9. ________ the room, a flower pot was seen by the side of the window.

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A. Having entered B. On entering

C. When entering D. When I entered

10. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ________ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect

C. to be expecting D. expects

解析：

1. C 这里用的是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，her hair与get构成主谓关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语，with结构在本句中指原因。

2. C as many as意为“多达”，后接“具体的数字+可数名词复数形式”，因为students是可数名词复数，所答案为C。

3. C though在这里作副词，意为“虽然??但是”或“不过”等。 4. C too前可以用far/ much/ a little等来修饰，其他三项均不可以。

5. C personally speaking意为“就我个人来说”，是固定用法。

6. A 这里句子的逻辑主语为the lake，与suffer构成主谓关系，又因为suffer发生在主句谓语动词clean up之前，所以用Having done的形式。

7. D when在这里作时间状语从句，指“你有了这么好的工作为什么还要一个新工作呢？”其他三项均不合题意。

8. B wish通常用来表达祝愿，wish + sb + n.是一个常用句型。

9. D 因为下句的主语为a flower，所以它的逻辑谓语不可能为enter，即可排除A、C、B，答案为D，即只有sb才能作enter的逻辑主语。

10. B know，learn等词后面常跟“疑问句+ to do”结构，相当于该疑问句引出的宾语从句，此句不强调进行，排除C；B项相当于so I know what I should expect in my new job。

二.单词拼写

1. They washed the clothes with soap______(粉末)

2. This university has high ____(标准)of teaching.

3.The railroad workers have asked for a _____(工资)increase. 4. I shall go and see him____(无论如何).

5 The country is _____(富裕的)in natural resources. 6._____(不断的) complaining cheapens you.

7. The workers were_______(忙碌) in building new houses. 8. He is a painter and_____(小说家).

答案: 1.powder 2. standards 3.wage 4.anyway 5.abundant 6.Constant 7.occupied 8.novelist 一、汉译英

1. 她尽力照料她年老的父亲。

2. 他说他不太懂电脑，不过，他说无论如何也会设法帮助我们。 3. 他承认他杀了这个人。 4. 这学校相当缺乏设备。

5. 这个工作占据了我所有的课余时间。 答案：

1. She tried her best to care for her old parents.

2. He said he didn’t know much about computers but that he’d try and help us anyway. 3. He admitted that he murdered the person.

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4. The school is rather badly off for equipment. 5. The job occupied all my space time.

二、单句改错：

1. I didn’t mean for you to do it.

2. Gardening was pleasant employment for her idle hours.

3. The headmaster admitted the students from the flooded areas into their school. 4. Placed his hands over the candle, Bob tried to warm his freezing hand. 5. China has thousands of islands, the largest of them is Taiwan. 6. The text is too difficult for me to understand it. 7. Having not received a reply, he decided to write again.

8. He has no room to live, so he has to wander here and there. 答案：1. 去掉for 2. 在was后加a 3. admited 改为admitted 4. Placed 改

为 Placing 5. them 改为which 6. 去掉it 7. Having not 改为Not having 8. Live 后加in

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