结构设计常用专业英语词汇汇编 - 图文

结构设计常用专业英语

词汇汇编

（V1.0）

课题类别： 院业务建设项目 课题编号： Y 0707S3317

课题负责人：包联进

课题参加人：黄永强 陈建兴 孙战金

童 骏 王红生

华东建筑设计研究院有限公司

国际工程设计部 2007－10

Contents 英汉对照 目录

Contents I 上册目录

Chapter 1 Loads and Action ................................................................................... 1 第一章 荷载与作用 ..................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2 Seismic Design ...................................................................................... 8 第二章 抗震设计 ......................................................................................................... 8 Chapter 3 Foundation ............................................................................................ 14 第三章 地基基础 ....................................................................................................... 14 Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete..................................................................... 22 第四章 钢筋混凝土结构 ........................................................................................... 22 Chapter 5 Steel Structure ...................................................................................... 28 第五章 钢结构 ........................................................................................................... 28 Chapter 6 Composite Structure ............................................................................ 37 第六章 组合结构 ....................................................................................................... 37 Chapter 7 Masonry Structure ............................................................................... 40 第七章 砌体结构 ....................................................................................................... 40 Chapter 8 Others .................................................................................................... 42 第八章 其它 ............................................................................................................... 42

目录 汉英对照 Contents

Contents II 下册目录

第一章 荷载与作用 ................................................................................................... 43 Chapter 1 Loads and Action ................................................................................. 43 第二章 抗震设计 ....................................................................................................... 50 Chapter 2 Seismic Design .................................................................................... 50 第三章 地基基础 ....................................................................................................... 56 Chapter 3 Foundation ............................................................................................ 56 第四章 钢筋混凝土结构 ........................................................................................... 65 Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete..................................................................... 65 第五章 钢结构 ........................................................................................................... 71 Chapter 5 Steel Structure ...................................................................................... 71 第六章 组合结构 ....................................................................................................... 80 Chapter 6 Composite Structure ............................................................................ 80 第七章 砌体结构 ....................................................................................................... 83 Chapter 7 Masonry Structure ............................................................................... 83 第八章 其它 ............................................................................................................... 85 Chapter 8 Others .................................................................................................... 85

Chapter 1 Loads and Action 第一章 荷载与作用

上 册

Chapter 1 Loads and Action

accidental combination accidental load action apartment arched roof area projected on a horizontal plane ash load attic balcony ballroom/ dance hall basic load combination basic variable basic wind speed boundary condition boundary layer cab canopy cantilever member cantilever slab case catwalk characteristic value/nominal value/standard value characteristic/nominal combination cladding system coefficient of thermal expansion column effective length combination value comply with requirement of Chinese code concentrated load concentration of plastic deformation construction and maintenance load construction load construction sequence control room corner －1－

第一章 荷载与作用

偶然组合 偶然荷载 作用 公寓 拱形屋面 水平投影面 积灰荷载 阁楼 阳台 舞厅 基本荷载组合 基本变量 基本风速 边界条件 边界层 驾驶室（吊车） 雨棚 悬挑构件 悬臂板 工况 马道 标准值 标准组合 围护系统 温度膨胀系数 柱有效长度 组合值 满足中国规范要求 集中荷载 塑性变形集中 施工和检修荷载 施工荷载 施工顺序 控制室 转角，角部 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 1 Loads and Action 第一章 荷载与作用 corridor crane load crane wheel load dead load dead-load-resisting moment deformed position degree of reliability density design reference period design situation design value design value of a load design working life determinate structure diaphragm stiffness differential settlement distribution factor of snow pressure double span double pitched roof during service life dynamic analysis dynamic coefficient earthquake action eave edge beam edge column elasticity modulus electric hoist element check enclosed structure energy equibrium equation equivalent uniform live load expansion exposure category exposure factor for wind pressure field experiment fire escape first mode fixed seats flat roof flexible lifting hook －2－

走廊 吊车荷载 吊车轮压 恒载 恒载产生的弯矩 变形后位置 可靠度 密度 设计基准期 设计状况 设计值 荷载设计值 设计使用年限 静定结构 楼板刚度 不均匀沉降 屋面积雪分布系数 双跨双坡屋面 使用期间 动力分析 动力系数 地震作用 屋檐/挑檐 边梁 边柱 弹性模量 电动葫芦 构件校核 封闭式结构 能量 平衡方程 等效均布活荷载 膨胀 地面粗糙度类别（美） 风压高度变化系数（美） 现场试验 防火楼梯 第一振型 固定座位 平屋顶 软钩吊车 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 2 Seismic Design 第二章 抗震设计

Chapter 2 Seismic Design

accidental eccentricity additional bending moment additional damping additional seismic action factors at top of the building allowable value of drift angle amplifying factor for elaso-plastic story drift artificial acceleration time-history curve avalanche axial-force-ratio backing bar base shear force base shear method bearing wall boundary of slope brittle mode of failure buried depth cast-in-situ concrete floor center of mass center of rigidity circular natural frequency code for seismic design of buildings compaction method composite floor with fluted plate compound hoop compound or continuous compound rectangular spiral hoop concentrically braced frame confining boundary element core column corner column coupled torsion method coupling beam critical damping crosswise brace damped free vibration damping ratio －8－

第二章 抗震设计

偶然偏心 附加弯矩 附加阻尼 顶部附加地震作用系数 层间位移角限值 弹塑性层间位移放大系数 人工模拟加速度时程曲线 崩塌 轴压比 垫板 底部剪力 基底剪力法 承重墙 边坡边缘 脆性破坏 埋置深度 现浇混凝土楼板 质量中心 刚度中心 自振圆频率 建筑抗震设计规范 加密法 压型钢板钢筋混凝土组合楼板 复合箍筋 复合或连续复合矩形螺旋箍 中心支撑框架 约束边缘构件 芯柱 角柱 扭转藕联方法 连梁 临界阻尼 交叉支撑 有阻尼自由振动 阻尼比 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 2 Seismic Design 第二章 抗震设计

deformations predominantly due to shear design basic acceleration of ground motion design characteristic period of ground motion design earthquake groups design parameters of ground motion detail of seismic design diaphragm discontinuity discontinuity in bearing capacity discontinuity in vertical anti-lateral-force members displacement-relevant type dog-bone connection double plate double-limb coupling wall ductility dynamic characteristics earthquake action eccentrically braced frame elasto-plastic deformation analysis elato-plasic time-history analyzing method end-column energy-dissipating beam segment energy-dissipating component equivalent static lateral force equivalent viscous damping ratio expansion joint/contraction joint fixing location frame structure frame-brace frame-core-tube structure framed tube frame-support wall structure frame-wall structure frequently earthquake full penetration butt welds geotechnical stability grade 1/2/3 framed structure grade 1/2/3 wall grade of liquefaction gravity additional bending moment －9－

剪切变形为主 设计基本地震加速度 设计特征周期 设计地震分组 设计地震动参数 抗震构造措施 楼面不连续 承载力突变 竖向抗侧力构件不连续 位移相关型 狗骨节点 贴板 双肢抗震墙 延性 动力特性 地震作用 偏心支撑框架 弹塑性变形分析 弹塑性时程分析 端柱 耗能梁段 耗能构件 等效侧向静力荷载 等效粘滞阻尼比 伸缩缝 嵌固部位 框架结构 框架-支撑 框架-核心筒结构 框架-筒体 部分框支抗震墙结构 框架-抗震墙结构 多遇地震 完全熔透坡口焊 岩土地震的稳定性 1/2/3级框架 1/2/3级抗震墙 液化等级 重力附加弯矩 上册－英汉对照

favorable/unfavorable/hazardous seismic fortification plats 有利/不利/危险地段 Chapter 2 Seismic Design 第二章 抗震设计

great frame ground subsidence height-width ratio hidden column hidden-beam horizontal brace horizontal seismic influence coefficient horizontal transmission member inverted-v shape brace isolation joint joint-panel shear deformation k-shape brace landslide lateral braced point lateral displacement(sway) stiffness lateral-force-resisting system limit value of elaso-plastic story drift rotation limit value of elastic story drift rotation linear static/dynamic analyzing method liquefaction liquefaction index liquefaction mitigation measure liquefaction subsoil lonely tall hill long-cantilevered structure longitudinal wall lumped mass major earthquake maximum pressure on foundation bottom maximum ratio of total height to total width mean pressure on foundation bottom mechanic model mode mode participation factor moment resisting frame non-liquefaction non-rocky steep slope oblique direction lateral-force-resisting member ordinary boundary element ordinary braced frame －10－

巨型框架 震陷 高宽比 暗柱 暗梁 水平支撑 水平地震影响系数 水平转换构件 人字支撑 抗震缝 节点域剪切变形 K型支撑 滑坡 侧向支承点 侧移刚度 抗侧力体系 弹塑性层间位移角限值 弹性层间位移角限值 线性静/动力分析方法 液化 液化指数 抗液化措施 液化地基 高耸孤立的山丘 长悬臂结构 纵墙 集中质量 大震 基底最大压力 最大高宽比 基底平均压力 力学模型 振型、模态 振型参与系数 框架 不液化 非岩石的陡坡 斜交抗侧力构件 构造边缘构件 普通支撑框架 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 2 Seismic Design 第二章 抗震设计

ordinary hoop overlaying depth parapet without anchorage partial factor for horizontal seismic action partial factor for vertical seismic action peak ground acceleration plastic hinge polar moment of inertial pre-cast floor/roof prefabricated concrete roof/floor probability of exceedence rarely earthquake recurrence interval reduction factor for the liquefaction effect of soil layer reentrance corners irregularity reentrant corner regular seismic building reinforced concrete spandrel girder reinforced concrete wall plane with hidden steel brace reinforced concrete wall plane with vertical separators representative value of gravity response spectrum response spectrum method for modal analysis restoring-force characteristic model retaining wall rigid base rigid/semi-rigid/flexible diaphragm river bank rubber isolator unit saturated sand saturated silt secant stiffness secondary effect of gravitation seismic adjusting factor for loading capacity seismic capacity for the nodes of frame seismic concept design of buildings seismic detail requirement seismic fortification category seismic fortification criterion seismic fortification intensity －11－

普通箍筋 覆盖层厚度 无锚固女儿墙 水平地震作用分项系数 竖向地震作用分项系数 地面加速度峰值 塑性铰 极惯性矩 装配式楼盖/屋面 预制楼盖/屋盖 超越概率 罕遇地震 重现周期 土层液化影响折减系数 凹凸不规则 凹角 规则抗震建筑 钢筋混凝土托墙梁 内藏钢支撑钢筋混凝土墙板 带竖缝钢筋混凝土墙板 重力荷载代表值 反应谱 振型分解反应谱法 恢复力模型 抗撞墙 刚性地基 刚性/半刚性/柔性隔板 河岸 橡胶隔震单元 饱和砂土 饱和粘土 割线刚度 重力二阶效应 承载力抗震调整系数 框架节点核心区地震承载力 建筑抗震概念设计 抗震构造要求 抗震设防类别 抗震设防标准 抗震设防烈度 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 2 Seismic Design 第二章 抗震设计

seismic fortification measures seismic multiple-defense lines seismic overturning moment seismic shear factor value of floor level seismic shear force seismic soil bearing capacity seismically isolated settlement caused by liquefaction settlement joint shear-wave velocity of soil single diagonal brace site site-classes slab-column-structural wall structure soft subsoil special concentrically braced frame speed linear relevant type speed non-linear relevant type spiral hoop stiffness irregularity story displacement story strengthening with outrigger member story yield strength coefficient strength reducing factor under cycling load stress concentration strip-protruding spur strong-column/weak-beam supporting-column 抗震措施 多道抗震防线 地震倾覆弯矩 楼层地震剪力系数 地震剪力 地基抗震承载力 隔震的 液化沉陷 沉降缝 剪切波速 单斜杆支撑 场地 场地类别 板柱-抗震墙结构 软土地基 特殊中心支撑框架 速度线性相关型 速度非线性相关型 螺旋箍 侧向刚度不规则 楼层位移 加强层 楼层屈服强度系数 受循环荷载时强度降低系数 应力集中 条状突出的山嘴 强柱弱梁 框支柱 the adjusting factor of slope for the linear decrease 直线下降段的下降斜率调整系section 数 the damping adjustment factor the horizontal dynamic stiffness the minimum hoop characteristic the natural vibration period the power index of the curvilinear decrease section the spacing of hoops the ultimate shear capacity of a bolt tie column torsion effect －12－

阻尼调整系数 水平动刚度 最小配箍率特征值 自振周期 曲线下降段的衰减指数 箍筋间距 一个螺栓的极限受剪承载力 构造柱 扭转效应 上册－英汉对照

the yield capacity for the joint-panel of beam and column 梁柱节点区域屈服承载力

Chapter 2 Seismic Design 第二章 抗震设计

torsional irregularity transference story transverse wall truss tube tube in tube structure tubes vertical and lateral distribution web reinforcement vertical seismic action vertical seismic influence coefficient volumetric ratio of hoop reinforcement wall structure weak region of seismic building weak story 扭转不规则 转换层 横墙 桁架-筒体 筒中筒结构 束筒 竖向和横向分布钢筋(抗震墙) 竖向地震作用 竖向地震影响系数 体积配箍率 抗震墙结构 抗震建筑薄弱部位 薄弱层 －13－

上册－英汉对照

Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础

Chapter 3 Foundation

a under-reamed cast-in-situ pile a weak underlying stratum active earth pressure adjacent excavation adjacent pile allowable differential settlements allowable subsoil deformation allowable value anchor depth anchor force anchor pile anchor plate anchor rod anchored retaining wall angle of inclination/ inclination angle of internal friction of the soil angular gravel arc sliding surface method average additional pressure average pressure base failure base plate of mat foundation beams on elastic foundation block stone bored pile boring boulders box foundation braced excavation brick foundation broken stone/crushed stone cantilever sheet pile wall casing casing filled with concrete cast-in-situ concrete pile foundation center pile changing of ground water level －14－

第三章 地基基础

扩底灌注桩 软弱下卧层 主动土压力 相邻基坑 相邻桩 容许差异沉降 地基变形允许值 允许值 锚固深度 锚固力 锚桩 锚垫板 锚杆 锚杆挡墙 倾角 土的内摩擦角 角砾 圆弧滑动面法 平均附加压力 平均压力 地基破坏 筏基底板 弹性地基梁 块石 钻孔桩 钻孔 漂石 箱型基础 支撑开挖 砖基础 碎石 悬臂式板桩墙 套管 套管内灌混凝土 混凝土灌注桩基础 中心桩 地下水位变化 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础

characteristic value check on compression check on shear strength clay clearance space coarse sand cobble coefficient of additional stress coefficient of compressibility coefficient of consolidation coefficient of permeability cohesion force cohesive soil combined foundation compaction piles compensated foundation composite subgrade /composite foundation concrete against infiltration concrete foundation cone foundation cone penetration test (CPT) connection beam consolidation consolidation curve consolidation test consolidation theory constant head contents of grains corner pile corner point method correction factor for depth counter-fort walls cushion course deep basement deep excavation deep-mixing pile deformation compatibility degree of saturation depth of excavation design of wall against sliding diaphragm walls －15－

特征值 抗压验算 抗剪验算 粘土 净空 粗纱 卵石 附加应力系数 压缩系数 固结系数 渗透系数 粘聚力 粘性土 联合基础 压实桩 补偿基础 复合地基 抗渗混凝土 混凝土基础 锥形基础 圆锥灌入试验 联系梁 固结 固结曲线 固结试验 固结理论 常水头 颗粒含量 角桩 角点法 深度修正系数 扶壁式挡土墙 垫层 深层地下室 深开挖 深层搅拌桩 变形协调 饱和度 开挖深度 挡土墙抗滑设计 地下连续墙 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础

difference in settlements direct shear test drainage layer drainage of footing drainage of wall driven cast-in-place pile driven pile driving driving shoe drop hammer dry density dry unit weight dynamic pile capacity earth works eccentric load eccentrically loaded foundation effective gravitational density embedment depth end bearing piles end resistance of a pile excavation excavation support structure excess pore water pressure external ground level field vane test filled and leveled area filled ground level filled soil final settlement fine sand flange of varying thickness floating foundation foundation foundation base foundation top foundation types fraction friction piles / floating piles general shear failure geological conditions gravitational density / gravity density －16－

沉降差 直剪试验 排水层 基础排水 挡墙的排水 沉管灌注桩 打入桩 打桩 桩头/桩靴 落锤 干密度 干容重 桩的动承载力 土方工程 偏心荷载 偏心受荷基础 浮重度 埋深 端承桩 桩端承载力 开挖基坑 基坑维护结构 超空隙水压力 室外地面标高 现场十字板试验 填方整平地区 填土面标高 人工填土 最终沉降量 细纱 变厚度翼缘 浮筏基础 基础 基础底面 基础顶面 基础类型 粒组含量 摩擦桩 整体剪切破坏 地质条件 重度、重力密度 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础

gravity retaining walls ground anchor ground beams ground surface ground treatment high socket foundation high-rise pile cap H-pile hydraulic gradient inclined anchor inclined wall initial ground water level insertion depth in-situ static loading test of a single pile internal ground level jacked-down piles laboratory vane test large diameter pile large displacement pile large-area storage loading lateral earth pressure lateral earth pressure at rest laterite /red clay layered soil lifting of piles lime concrete foundation lime-soil foundation liquid limit liquidity index loaded pile local shear failure low pile cap main load-bearing layer mat slab medium sand modulusof compressibility/constrained modulus Mohr's stress circle moisture content of soil muck mucky soil －17－

重力式挡土墙 土锚 /地锚 地梁 室外地面 地基处理 高杯口基础 高桩承台 H 型桩 水力梯度 斜锚杆 倾斜式挡土墙 初始地下水位 插入深度 单桩静载荷试验 室内地面标高 静压桩 室内十字板试验 大直径桩 大量挤土桩 大面积堆载 侧向土压力 侧向静止土压力 红粘土 成层土 桩上拔 三合土基础 灰土基础 液限 液性指数 受荷桩 局部剪切破坏 低桩承台 主要受力层 筏板 中砂 压缩模量 摩尔应力圆 土的含水量 淤泥 淤泥质土 上册－英汉对照

method of beams and slabs on elastic foundation 弹性地基梁板法

Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础

multi-layer summation method natural subsoil negative skin friction net pressure net water pressure non-displacement pile non-reinforced spread foundation non-uniform soils normally consolidated offshore foundation optimum water content order of driving overburden pressure over-consolidated overturning of retaining wall pad foundation beneath columns partial tilting particle shape particle size passive earth pressure penetration depth penetration-resistant grade per liner meter pile cap pile defect pile failure pile failure mode pile foundation pile group pile point pile shaft pile shaft strength pile space pile type plastic limit plasticity index plate load test pore pressure pore water pressure porosity pre-cast concrete pile foundation －18－

分层总和法 天然地基 负摩阻力 净压力 净水压力 非挤土桩 无筋扩展基础 不均匀地基 正常固结 海岸基础 最佳含水量 打桩顺序 超载压力 超固结 挡土墙的倾覆 柱下独立基础 局部倾斜 颗粒形状 粒径 被动土压力 灌入深度 抗渗等级 每延米 承台 桩的缺陷 桩破坏 桩的破坏模式 桩基础 群桩 桩尖 桩身 桩身强度 桩距 桩型 塑限 塑性指数 平板载荷试验 空隙压力 空隙水压力 空隙率 混凝土预制桩基础 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础

preloaded foundation soils primary consolidation primary settlement pull out resistance of footing at depth pull out resistance of shallow footing punching punching failure punching failure cone racked piles / raker piles/ batter piles raft foundation/ mat foundation redriving of piles reinforced earth reinforced earth wall retaining walls retraining structure rigid foundation risen pile rock rock anchor rock discontinuity structure plan rock-inlaid cast-in-situ pile rounded gravel rubble concrete foundation rubble foundation sample disturbance screw piles secondary consolidation settlement settlement observation settlement rate shallow foundation shear key in sliding wall side of pile group silky clay silky sand silky soil single-story bent structures skin friction of a pile skin area of piles slab foundation sliding moment －19－

预压地基 主固结 初始沉降 深基础的抗拔力 浅基础的抗拔力 冲切 冲切破坏 冲切破坏锥体 斜桩 筏基 桩复打 加劲土 加劲土墙 挡土墙 支挡结构 刚性基础 上抬的桩 岩石 岩锚 岩体结构面 嵌岩灌注桩 圆砾 毛石混凝土基础 毛石基础 土样扰动 螺旋桩 次固结 沉降，沉降量 沉降观测 沉降速率 浅基础 抗滑墙上的剪力键 群桩的周边 粉质粘土 粉沙 粉土 单层排架结构 桩侧摩阻力 桩周面积 平板式筏基 滑动力矩 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础

sliding-resistant moment slip surface slope slope angle slope stability slurry excavation slurry trench pile slurry walls small displacement pile socket base socket foundation socket wall soft cohesive soil soil aggregate gravelly soil soil classification soil of high compressibility soil of low compressibility soil of medium compressibility soil-compacting effect /soil-squeezing effect soil-rock composite subgrade solidier pile spread foundation stability of foundation standard frost penetration (depth) standard penetration test (SPT) static water pressures steel sheet piles stepped foundation stiffened slab foundation stress increase stress release strip foundation beneath columns strip foundation beneath walls strip foundation with cross beams strip load struts critical depth subgrade subgrade bearing capacity substratum superstructure surface-empty phenomena －20－

抗滑力矩 滑动面 边坡 边坡坡角 边坡稳定性 泥浆开挖 泥浆护壁类桩型 泥浆连续墙 少量挤土桩 杯底 杯口基础 杯臂 软弱粘土 碎石土 土的分类 高压缩性土 低压缩性土 中压缩性土 挤土效应 土岩组合地基 直桩 扩展基础 地基稳定性 标准冻深 标准灌入试验 静止水压力 钢板桩 阶梯型基础 梁板式筏基 应力增量 应力释放 柱下条形基础 墙下条形基础 交叉条形基础 条形荷载 支撑临界深度 地基 地基承载力 下卧层 上部结构 脱空现象 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础

the bearing stratum depth of foundation for settlement calculation the medium weathered rock the minimum reinforcement ratio the peripheral length of the pile shaft the principle of stress superposition the report of engineering geological survey the slightly weathered rock the Winkler foundation model three-pile cap thrust due to land slide tilting toe of retaining wall triaxial test ultimate load of pile group unconfined compression test undrained shear strength uniaxial compression unit weight of soil vertical bearing capacity of a pile void ratio/ porosity ratio water saturation weighted average gravitational density width-height ratio of step 持力层 地基沉降计算深度 中风化岩石 最小配筋率 桩身周长 应力叠加原理 工程地质勘查报告 微风化岩石 文可勒地基模型 三桩承台 滑坡推力 倾斜 挡土墙趾 三轴试验 群桩极限荷载 无侧限压缩试验 不排水抗剪强度 单轴压缩 土的容重 单桩竖向承载力 空隙比 水饱和 加权平均重度 台阶高宽比 －21－

上册－英汉对照

Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete 第四章 钢筋混凝土结构

Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete

abamurus abutment wall/flange wall accelerant/accelerated agent accelerated cement acceptance specification acid and alkali-resistant grout acid and alkali-resistant mortar addition agent adhesive adhesive attraction adhesive bitumen primer aeroconcrete age aggregate allowable stress design axial compression axial compressive load axial tension be bent cold beam depth beam-to-column connections bent-up bar bottom reinforcement boundary elements (or zones) bundle buttress cantilever beam cast-in-place concrete centroidal axis clear cover clear spacing clear span coarse aggregate collar tie beam/ring-beam column column-to-footing connection compression reinforcement －22－

第四章 钢筋混凝土结构

挡土墙，扶壁 翼墙 促凝剂 快凝水泥 验收规范 耐酸碱水泥浆 耐酸碱水泥砂浆 添加剂 胶粘剂 附着力 冷底子油 加气混凝土 龄期 骨料 容许应力设计 轴压 轴心压力 轴拉 冷弯 梁高 梁柱节点 弯起钢筋 底筋 边缘构件或区域 绑轧 扶壁柱 悬臂梁 现浇混凝土 中心轴 保护层 净距 净跨 粗骨料 圈梁 柱 柱脚节点 受压钢筋 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete 第四章 钢筋混凝土结构

compression-controlled section compressive strength concrete structures construction joints continuing bar continuous continuous beams continuous slabs corrosion protection crack cracking moment creep cross section cross section cure deep beam deformed/spiral reinforcement depth of slab depth-span ratio design load combinations development length/lap length ducts for grouted durability dynamic amplification factor effective compressive flange effective cross-sectional area effective depth of section effective prestress elastic deflection embedment length equivalent rectangular column expansive cement exterior basement wall factored load fine aggregate fire protection fixed flange flexural and compression members footings of buildings form －23－

受压控制截面 抗压强度 混凝土结构 施工缝 连续钢筋 连续 连续梁 连续板 防腐 开裂，裂缝 开裂弯矩 徐变 横截面 截面 养护 深梁 螺纹钢筋 板厚 高跨比 设计荷载组合 搭接长度 灌浆管 耐久性 动力放大系数 有效受压翼缘 有效截面 截面有效高度 有效预应力 弹性变形 锚固长度 正方形截面柱 膨胀水泥 地下室外墙 乘以分项系数的荷载 细骨料 防火 固定 翼板 压弯构件 建筑物底部 模板 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete 第四章 钢筋混凝土结构

formulas frame structure with special-shaped columns frame-truss structure with special-shaped columns grade grade 60 concrete grade beam gross section grout grouting high-early-strength cement high-strength steel bar hollow-core slab hydraulic cement inclined beam inclined stirrup in-plane force isolation joint joint lap splices large volumes of concrete lateral force-resisting systems layer length over lift-slab construction lightweight aggregate lightweight concrete loaded area longitudinal reinforcement long-time deflection loss of prestress materials for grout mechanical anchorage mechanical connections midspan minimum slab thickness mix mix proportions moment magnification factor moment of inertia moment-resisting frames negative moment －24－

公式 异型柱框架结构 异型柱框架－桁架结构 等级 C60混凝土 地基梁 全截面 水泥浆 灌浆 早强水泥 高强钢筋 空心楼板 水泥 斜梁 斜向箍筋 面内荷载 分隔缝 节点 搭接 大体积混凝土 抗侧体系 层 梁、柱全长 升板施工 轻骨料 轻质混凝土 荷载面积 纵筋 永久变形 预应力损失 灌浆料 机械锚固 机械连接 跨中 最小板厚 搅拌 配比 弯矩放大系数 惯性矩 刚架 负弯矩 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete 第四章 钢筋混凝土结构

negative moment reinforcement neutral axis nominal diameter of bar nominal strength non pre-stressed reinforcement nonbearing wall non－potable water nonstructural members nonsway column nonsway frame one-way slabs opening overall thickness overstressed pedestal pilaster plain concrete plain reinforcement plastic hinge region Portland cement positive moment positive moment reinforcement post-tension pre-cast concrete prestress losses pre-stressed concrete pre-stressing tendons pretension rectangular beam reduction factors reinforced concrete reinforced gypsum concrete reinforcement around structural steel core reinforcement ratio relaxation of tendon stress residual deflection/deformation rib seismic hook seismic zones settlement of supports seven-day strength －25－

梁上部纵筋 中和轴 钢筋直径 强度标准值 非预应力钢筋 非承重墙 非饮用水 非结构构件 非摇摆柱 无侧移框架 单向板 开洞 总厚 超应力 基座 壁柱 素混凝土 光面钢筋 塑性铰区 波特兰水泥 正弯矩 梁下部纵筋 后张拉 预制混凝土 预应力损失 预应力混凝土 预应力钢筋 先张法 矩形梁 折减系数 钢筋混凝土 钢筋石膏混凝土 钢骨外包混凝土 配筋率 钢筋预应力松弛 残余变形 肋 箍筋抗震钩 地震区 支座沉降 7天强度 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete 第四章 钢筋混凝土结构

shear bar shear key shear reinforcement shear walls shore short-limb shear wall 抗剪钢筋 抗剪键 梁箍筋 剪力墙 支撑架 短肢剪力墙 short-limb shear wall structure with special-shaped 异型柱－短肢剪力墙结构 columns shrinkage/contraction shrinkage-compensating concrete side face reinforcement simply supported beams simply supported solid slabs six-bar-diameter slab slab without beams. slag slag cement span length special-shaped column spiral reinforcement splitting tensile strength standard deviation steam curing steel-encased concrete core stiffness reduction factor stirrup strength strength design strength-reduction factor stripping strong column/weak beam strong connection structural diaphragm structural members structural system with special-shaped columns structural trusses strut support support reaction tensile strain －26－

收缩 无收缩混凝土 梁腰筋 简支梁 简支板 六倍钢筋直径 楼板 无梁楼盖 矿渣 火山灰水泥 跨度 异形柱 柱箍筋 拉裂强度 标准差 蒸汽养护 钢包核心混凝土 刚度折减系数 箍筋 强度 强度设计 强度折减系数 拆模 强柱弱梁 强节点 结构隔板 结构构件 异型柱结构体系 结构桁架 支柱 支座 支座反力 拉应变 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete 第四章 钢筋混凝土结构

tensile strength tension and shear act simultaneously tension reinforcement tension-controlled section tolerance top reinforcement torsion reinforcement transverse reinforcement two-way slab volumetric ratio wall pier water-cement ratio water-cement ratio by weight web welded splices white Portland cement 抗拉强度 拉力与剪力同时作用 受拉钢筋 受拉控制截面 公差 顶筋 抗扭钢筋 横向钢筋 双向板 体积比 短肢墙 水灰比 重量水灰比 腹板 焊接 白水泥 －27－

上册－英汉对照

Chapter 5 Steel Structure 第五章 钢结构

Chapter 5 Steel Structure

a rigid beam-to-column connection accuracy of construction(fabrication) acid-pickle additional tests additional tests on steels alignment allowable slenderness ratio allowable stress range angle of stress dispersal automatic welding automatic or semi-automatic process backing plate battened members battens，batten plate beam-columns bearing connection bearing stength bearing stiffener bend test blast-clean bolt tightening bolted connections bolting branch member brittle fracture butt welds camber carbon content carbon structural steels cast steel Charpy V-notch impact test chord member cladding closed section 第五章 钢结构

梁柱刚性连接 安装精度 酸洗 附加检验 钢材附加检验 对准 容许长细比 容许应力幅 应力扩散角 自动焊 全自动或半自动方式 衬板，垫板 缀板柱 缀板 压弯构件 承压连接 承压强度 支承加劲肋 弯曲试验 磨砂 螺栓拧紧 螺栓连接 螺栓 支管 脆断 对头焊接 起拱 碳含量 碳素结构钢 铸钢 v形坡口冲击试验 弦杆 涂层 闭口截面 coefficient of equivalent bending moment of eccentrically 钢压弯构件等效弯矩系数 loaded steel member(beam-column) －28－

上册－英汉对照

Chapter 5 Steel Structure 第五章 钢结构

coefficient of linear expansion cold-formed steel structural member compact section complete-joint-penetration (CJP) groove weld component stability condition of bolts condition of steel constant amplitude fatigue couposite rubber and steel support crane girder crane truss cross diagonals cutting defect acceptance criteria design value of strength of steel diagonal stiffeners dimensions and tolerances direct dynamic loading/ distortion/deformation double-stepped column doubly symmetric section edge distance effective cross-section area of high-strength bolt· effective length effective length factor effective length for torsional bucking effective thickness of fillet welds effective width effective width factor end bearing end moment equal leg angles equivalent slenderness ratio erection erection drawing evaluation of welding techniques excessive deformation eyebar factor of equivalent moment fatigue failure －29－

线膨胀系数 冷弯型钢构件 厚实截面 完全坡口融透焊 单肢稳定 螺栓状态 钢材状况 常幅疲劳 橡胶支座 吊车梁 吊车桁架 交叉斜杆 切割 缺陷可接受准则 钢材强度设计值 斜加劲肋 尺寸和允许误差 直接动力荷载 变形 双阶柱 双轴对称截面 边距 高强度螺栓的有效截面积 计算长度，有效长度 计算长度系数 扭转屈曲计算长度 角焊缝有效厚度 有效宽度 有效宽度系数 端面承压 端弯矩 等边角钢 换算长细比 安装 安装图 焊接工艺评定 过度变形 眼杆 等效弯矩系数 疲劳破坏 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 5 Steel Structure 第五章 钢结构

faying surfaces for hsfg fasteners field /site welding field connection fillers fillet welds finish/surface layer first order elastic analysis flame-cut edge flange flexural buckling flexural-torsional buckling forged steel connection node pieces forming frame braced with strong bracing system frame braced with weak bracing system frequency of weld examination friction surfaces frictional force transferring surfaces，slip plane galvanize galvanized nuts gap gapped connection groove weld gusset plate hand flame cutting hard-stamping heating heavy duty cranes hexagon head bolts high strength friction grip fasteners high strength low-alloy structural steels high-strength bolts in bearing-type connections high-strength bolts in slip-critical connections holding areas holding down bolts/anchor bolts holes in hollow sections hot rolled sections/ plates and bars indirect dynamic loading inflexion point in-plane stability －30－

高强摩擦连接的构件表面 现场焊接 现场接头 填板 角焊缝 面层 一阶弹性分析 焰切边 凸缘 弯曲失稳 弯扭屈曲 节点锻造钢构件 成孔 强支撑纯框架 弱支撑纯框架 焊接检验次数 摩擦面 传力摩擦面 镀锌 镀锌螺帽 间隙 间隙节点 坡口焊 节点板 手工式火焰切割法 戮印标记 热处理 重级工作制吊车 六角头螺栓 高强螺栓连接副 高强度低合金钢 承压型高强螺栓 摩擦型高强螺栓 储存区 锚栓 空心截面型钢成孔 热轧型钢、钢板和钢条 间接动力荷载 反弯点 平面内稳定 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 5 Steel Structure 第五章 钢结构

installation of spring washers interstorey lateral deflection/story drift joint eccentricity laced members laced of battened compression member lacing lacing and batten elements lamellar tearing laminations leaning column/sway column leg size of fillet welds light duty cranes linear stiffness load-carrying structures local compressive stress local stability locking of nuts longitudinal stiffeners long-slotted holes lower flange machine flame cutting magnetic particle examination main member make-up of bolt assemblies manual welding manufacturer's recommendations marking mechanical properties medium duty cranes metal-spray mill-scale monosymmetric section movement connections nodal bracing force noncompact section non-destructive examination non-welded structures normalized web slenderness notch toughness notional horizontal forces －31－

弹簧垫圈的安装 层间侧移 节点偏心 缀条柱 格构式钢柱 缀条 缀材(缀件) 层状撕裂 分层 摇摆柱 角焊缝焊脚尺寸 轻级工作制吊车 线刚度 承重结构 局部压应力 局部稳定 螺帽防松 纵向加劲肋 长槽孔 下翼缘 械式火焰切割法 磁性微粒检验 主管 螺栓组合 人工焊 出厂指引 标记 机械性能 中级工作制吊车 喷金属膜 氧化皮表面 单轴对称截面 可动连接 支撑力 非厚实截面 无破损检验 非焊接结构 通用高厚比 冲击韧性 假想水平力 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 5 Steel Structure 第五章 钢结构

number of stress cycles open section open web axis ordinary bolts and nuts out-of-plane stability outside diameter overall stability overall stability factor for flexural members overall stability reduction coefficient of steel beam· overlap connection overlap ratio of bracing members oversized holes packings panel zone panel zone of column web partial-joint-penetration (pjp) groove weld penetrant examination percentage of elongation，percent elongation pitted planed and closely fitted plastic adoption coefficient of cross—section plastic design of steel structure plastic failure plasticity adaptation factor plate-like space truss plug weld polar radius of gyration post-buckling strength of web plate pretension principal planes prying action pure frames quality grade of weld quality inspection of bolted connection quality inspection of riveted connection radius of gyration removal of slag residual stress reverse curvatures rigid decking，rigid slab －32－

应力循环次数 开口截面 虚轴 普通螺栓与螺帽 平面外稳定 外径 整体稳定 受弯构件整体稳定系数 钢梁整体稳定系数 搭结节点 支管搭结率 扩大孔 衬垫 节点区 柱腹板节点域 部分坡口融透焊 致密性检验 伸长率 凹陷 刨平顶紧 截面塑性发展系数 钢结构塑性设计 塑性损毁/塑性破坏 塑性发展系数 平板型网架 塞焊 极回转半径 腹板屈曲后强度 预拉力 主平面 撬力作用 纯框架 焊缝质量级别 螺栓连接质量检验 铆钉连接质量检验 回转半径 焊渍清除 残余应力 反向曲率 刚性铺板 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 5 Steel Structure 第五章 钢结构

rusted scope of weld examination sealing welds seamless steel pipe second order elastic analysis sectorial moment of inertia /warping constant semi-automatic welding semi-rigid connection shear buckling shear centre shear planes shear studs sheared edge shop drawing short stiffeners short-slotted holes single curvature single system web members skew plane slender section slenderness ratio slip coefficient slip factor slot weld slotted holes solid web members specified minimum tensile strength spherical steel bearing splices spring washers stability calculation stability factor of axially loaded compression members stability formula stainless mild steel plate stainless steel static moment steel cable steel channel steel column component steel column-base －33－

锈蚀 焊接检验方法 接缝 无缝钢管 二阶弹性分析 扇性惯性矩 半自动焊 半刚性连接 剪切失稳 剪切中心，剪心 剪切面 栓钉 剪切边 细部图 短加劲肋 短槽孔 同向曲率 单系腹杆 斜平面 薄柔截面 长细比 抗滑移系数 滑动系数 槽焊 狭长槽形孔 实腹式构件 最小抗拉强度 球形钢支座 拼接，拼接接头 弹簧垫圈 稳定计算 轴心受压构件稳定系数 稳定性计算公式 不锈软钢板 不锈钢 面积矩 钢缆 槽钢 钢柱分肢 钢柱脚 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 5 Steel Structure 第五章 钢结构

steel composite pile steel fabric steel fabricating yard steel fiber reinforced concrete structure· steel frontal frame steel hanger steel mesh reinforced brick masonry member steel pile steel pipe pile steel pipe/tube steel plate steel property steel reinforcement steel reinforcement and concrete material steel strand steel strip steel structure steel support steel tie steel tie bar for masonry steel truss girder steel tubular structure steel window steel wire stepped columns stiffeners straightening straightness strain compatibility method strength-yielding ratio stress range strong axis，major axis structural fasteners strut sulfur and phosphorus contents. surge girder sway/ sidesway/ lateral movement tack welding temporary attachments test certificates －34－

复合钢桩 钢筋网 钢制件工场 钢纤维混凝土结构 防撞钢构架 吊筋 方格网配筋砖砌体构件 钢桩 钢管桩 钢管 钢板 钢条特质 钢筋/钢条 钢筋及混凝土材料 钢绞线 钢带 钢结构 钢支座 拉结钢筋 砌体拉结钢筋 钢桁梁 钢管结构 钢窗 钢丝 阶型柱 加劲板 调直 竖向准确度 (挠曲矢高) 变形协调法，平截面假定 屈强比 应力幅 强轴 结构连接构件 支撑/支柱/压杆 硫磷含量 制动梁 侧移 点焊 临时附件 检验证书 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 5 Steel Structure 第五章 钢结构

the allowable stress range method the importance factor of structures the moment-rotation characteristic curve the panel length thermal cutting thread through thickness properties toe of fillet tolerance torshear type bolts torsional buckling torsional moment of inertia /torsion constant transverse load transverse stiffeners trial welding truss of k-web system truss of subdivided web system twisting，torsion ultrasonic flaw detector unbraced frame underloading effect unequal leg angles unsupported length/unbraced length unsupported width upper flange variable amplitude fatigue visual inspection warping washers weak axis/minor axis weathering steel/atmospheric corrosion resisting steel web member weep holes weld crack weld defects weld roof weld toe weld/welding weldability of steel bar welded framework －35－

容许应力幅法 结构重要性系数 弯矩-转角特性曲线 节间长度 热切割 螺纹 厚度方向性能 起弧点 允许误差 扭剪型螺栓 扭转失稳 抗扭惯性矩 横向荷载 横向加劲肋 试焊 k型腹杆体系桁架 再分式腹杆体系桁架 扭转 超声波探伤 无支撑纯框架 欠载效应 不等边角钢 无支撑长度 无支承宽度 上翼缘 变幅疲劳 外观检查 翘曲 垫圈 弱轴 耐侯钢 腹杆 预留孔 焊接裂纹 焊接缺陷 焊根 焊趾 焊缝 钢筋可焊性 焊接骨架 上册－英汉对照

Chapter 5 Steel Structure 第五章 钢结构

welded steel beam/ girder welded steel pipe welded steel structure welders welding connection· welding consumable welding flux welding rod welding wire width or free outstand of plate/ wire brush wire guard wire mesh wire mesh fence wire rope working temperature yield strength yield strength (yield point) of steel yield stress Z-direction steel

焊接钢梁 焊接钢管 焊接钢结构 焊工 焊缝连接 焊接材料 焊剂 焊条 焊丝 板的自由外伸宽度 钢丝刷 钢丝护网 钢丝网/金属丝网 钢丝网栏 钢丝绳 工作温度 屈服强度 钢材(钢筋)屈服强度(屈服点) 屈服应力 Z向钢材 －36－

上册－英汉对照

Chapter 6 Composite Structure 第六章 组合结构

Chapter 6 Composite Structure

arc-spot(puddle) welds average rib width base metal thickness(bmt) beam camber bond strength between concrete and steel interface channel shear connectors closed trough profiled steel deck composite actions /composite behavior composite beams deck ribs oriented parallel to steel beam deck ribs oriented perpendicular to steel beam composite beams with full shear action composite beams with partial shear action composite beams with rectangular haunch composite diagonals composite floor systems composite frame composite gravity systems composite haunch beams composite joint composite member composite shear walls composite shear walls system composite shear walls with steel plates composite slabs/diaphragms composite steel and concrete structures composite structures composite stub beams composite trusses concrete filled in the tube concrete haunch concrete topping concrete-encased composite columns 第六章 组合结构

点焊 平均肋宽 压型钢板基板厚度 钢梁起拱 钢与混凝土介面上的粘结力 槽钢连接件 闭口型压型钢板 组合作用 组合梁 板肋平行于钢梁 板肋垂直于钢梁 完全剪切连接组合梁 部分抗剪连接组合梁 矩形腋组合梁 组合斜撑 组合楼盖体系 组合框架 组合承重体系 加腋组合梁 组合节点 组合构件 组合剪力墙 组合剪力墙体系 带钢板组合剪力墙 压型钢板－混凝土组合板 钢混组合结构 组合结构 组合短柁大梁 组合桁架 管内混凝土 混凝土板托 混凝土硬化 型钢柱 －37－

上册－英汉对照

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