高三英语试卷 难难难

relaxing

adj.令人轻松的

v.放松； 休息(relax的ing形式)；

1. Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation. 尽量保持工作与休闲均衡。 2. I go hill-walking for relaxation.

我要是想活动活动，就到山上走走。

(A)

Even today there are a great many wrong ideas about food. Some of them are very widespread. One such idea is that fish is the best brain food. Fish is good brain food (25) ____ ____ it is good muscle food and skin food and bone food. But no one has been able to prove that fish is any (26)______ (good) for the brain than many other kinds of food.

Another such idea is that you (27)______ not drink water with meals. Washing food down with water as a substitute (28)_______ chewing is not a good idea, but some water with meals has been found to be helpful. It makes the digestive juices flow more freely and helps to digest the food.

Many of the ideas which scientists tell us (29)______ (have) no foundation have to do with mixtures of foods. A few years ago the belief became general that orange juice and milk should never be drunk at the same meal. The reason given was (30)_______ the acid in the orange juice would make the milk curdle (凝结) and become indigestible. As a matter of fact, milk always meets in the stomach a digestive juice which curdles (31)______; the curdling of the milk is the first step in its digestion. A similar wrong idea is that fish and ice cream when (32)______(eat) at the same meal form a poisonous combination.

(B)

It’s one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that (33) ____ ____ a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse’s brain. But recently Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, (34)_______(challenge) this common sense. She has found a way to “cure” mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.

The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the (35)_______(shock) fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, (36)_______ pregnant women – it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.

However, the parasite’s effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat’s urine (尿) before and (37)______ it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine (38)_______ mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.

But that’s not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally (39)_______ (think) – even after researchers cured the mice of the infection, they no longer reacted with fear to a cat’s smell, which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice’s brains.

Why does a parasite change a mouse’s brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans? The answer lies in evolution. Toxoplasma gondii can only reproduce inside a cat. So the parasite had to develop a way of tricking the mice into getting eaten more easily – thus (40)_______ (help) itself go inside a cat – by taking away mice’s sense of alarm.

Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (** 友情提示：本题共十个空，请按题号填涂) A. frowned B. negative C. national D. appreciation E. effective F. tendency G. approach H. ranked I. enhanced J. unpopular K.named What are the things that first come to your mind when you think of the UK? Are they nonstop rain, polite manners, boring food and tea drinking?

Some of the UK’s (41)_______ stereotypes are true, a new survey has found. For example, British people do have a(an) (42) ______ to drink lots of tea.

The research polled 1,402 foreigners living in the UK on their opinions about the British way of life. Unsurprisingly, the majority of them, almost 70 percent, said they enjoyed living in the country – good manners, especially UK people’s extraordinary ability to queue, are the main reasons for foreigners’ (43)______. More than one-third said they liked British people’s restrained (44)______ to emotion.

However, there are aspects of British culture that are (45)______ upon. The heavy alcohol drinking culture (46)______ as the least favorite trait, followed by the British sense of humor and the country’s bad weather.

It may not be too hard to understand why heavy drinking and bad weather are (47)______, but what’s wrong with the British sense of humor?

British humor is known for being dry and satirical (讽刺的), so it is generally more (48)______. When it comes to making the British laugh, there is nothing more (49)______ than a socially inappropriate joke, noted the BBC. “Britons are more comfortable with life’s losers,” wrote English actor Ricky Gervais in an article published in Time magazine.

“The majority of nationalities have stereotypes fitted around them and Britons don’t escape this,” said Liam Clifford, the founder of Global Visas, the website that conducted the research. “People probably come here with a stereotype-based preconception of what to expect. It’s good to see from our survey, though, that, in the majority of cases, this reputation is actually (50)______ upon living here.”

III. Reading Comprehension（47%） Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Coffee can be considered one of nature's greatest gifts. It gives mental and emotional (51)______ without harmful side effects, (like alcohol or tobacco), and it contains a wealth of nutrients. Yet, when most people drink coffee, they are not thinking that the beverage is (52)______ their health. In fact, some may even feel a little guilty, (53)______ they believe coffee isn't good for you at all.

Well, here's the truth of the matter. Coffee, like anything else, can cause problems if too much is (54)______. In the short-term, too much coffee will cause insomnia, nausea and hypertension. In the long-term, too much coffee will cause stomach problems, teeth staining, and high cholesterol.

As for the benefits, moderate consumption of coffee, (which means 1 to 4 cups a day), supplies your body with a wealth of antioxidants. These substances are (55)______ for eliminating free radicals(自由基). They are the chemical byproducts produced any time your body does something. A small number of them can help serve as a buffer against negative elements, but if they aren't kept in check, they can cause health problems. Antioxidants (56)______ that this doesn't happen.

The psychological effects of caffeine cannot be (57)______ either. Not only does caffeine make you more (58)______, but it can actually affect your mood. If you were feeling (59)______ or overwhelmed, a nice cup of coffee could change your perspective. The stack of work that seemed (60)______ before isn't even a problem now.

(61)______, caffeine helps stimulate creativity as it speeds up the body's functioning. That's why coffee is often (62)______ with writers and other intellectual professions. Other drugs (63)______ to make people dumber. Consider what happens when people get high off of crack or when they get drunk off of alcohol. They won't be functional at all. But with coffee, an individual gets a creative boost while still helping their bodies.

In conclusion, don't feel bad when you're brewing your morning cup of coffee. (64)_______ a can of soda or a shot of alcohol, coffee will make you feel wonderful while keeping you healthy. Just remember, you do have to consume the beverage (65)______. 51. A. reaction B. clarity C. freedom D. challenge 52. A. improving B. damaging C. adjusting D. stimulating 53. A. though B. so C. while D. since 54. A. purchased B. cherished C. taken D. promoted 55. A. suitable B. responsible C. convenient D. famous 56. A. ensure B. assume C. threaten D. indicate 57. A. ignored B. achieved C. measured D. abandoned 58. A. attractive B. attentive C. alert D. approachable 59. A. incompetent B. guilty C. depressed D. embarrassed 60. A. doubtful B. unknown C. impossible D. improper 61. A. By contrast B. In addition C. For example D. In brief 62. A. popular B. compared C. familiar D. associated 63. A. mean B. tend C. suppose D. expect 64. A. Despite B. Without C. Apart from D. Unlike 65. A. at will B. at random C. in particular D. in moderation

(A)

Once upon a time it was boarding school adventures and mysteries solved by tweed-wearing detectives that fired young readers’ imaginations. Now, it seems, it is the promise of tales of blood sucking vampires, unstoppable zombies, howling werewolves and terrifying beasts that inspires young audiences to pick up a book.

Teen horror is a genre that seems to be going from strength to strength, with titles like The Demonata and The Saga of Larten Crepsey by Irish born writer, Darren Shan, topping the charts.

Indeed Darren Shan’s success has earned him the title of “Master of Children’s Horror” and his books, which also include The Thin Executioner and the vampire series The Saga of Darren Shan, have sold more than 20 million copies worldwide.

But what is it about horror fiction that so appeals to young readers, and just how scary do they like it?

“I think horror allows teenagers to focus on real-life issues in a fantastical way, helping them analyse and make sense of the world as they are coming to a greater understanding of it,” says Darren. “In my book, Lord Loss, the main character’s parents and sister are slaughtered by demons. While that’s obviously not going to happen to anyone in the real world, many children will lose people they love during their formative years, whether it’s grandparents dying of old age, or friends or relatives in accidents. A book like this can hopefully help them prepare for when death strikes at them in real life. Good horror is always about helping us prepare for the darker aspects of life – and since we can’t avoid them, we might as well turn them into entertainment!” Darren tours frequently, attending events in schools and libraries, and talking to young readers helps him gauge what they can and can’t take in terms of frightening content. He explains: “When I’m writing an especially terrible scene, I imagine myself reading it out in a live environment, and ask myself if I would feel comfortable doing so. If not, I’ll go back and tweak the scene. I have no set formula for deciding what is suitable and what is not. I simply go with my gut instinct.”

66. What is the point of the article?

A. To recommend some popular horror books.

B. To analyze why horror fiction fascinates young people. C. To explore how horror fiction benefits young readers. D. To introduce how Darren creates horror books.

67. The underlined phrase “going from strength to strength” in Paragraph 2 is closest in

meaning to ______.

A. failing to attract attention B. improving imagination C. getting darker and scarier

D. becoming increasingly successful

68. Darren Shan thinks that his books interest young people because ______.

A. they are exciting and inspiring

B. they are about the darker aspects of life

C. they deal with real-life issues in a fanciful way

D. they teach people how to deal with real-life problems 69. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?

A. Teenagers feel comfortable with Darren’s imagination. B. The more frightening a book is, the better it sells.

C. Darren visits schools from time to time to promote his books.

D. Darren sometimes changes his stories to make them less scary.

(C)

Are we getting more stupid? According to Gerald Crabtree, a scientist at Stanford University in the US, we are.

You may not want to hear this, but Crabtree believes that human intelligence reached its peak more than 2,000 years ago and ever since then has been going downhill. “If an average Greek from 1,000 BC were transported to modern times, he or she would be one of the brightest among us,” Crabtree told The Guardian.

At the heart of Crabtree’s thinking is a simple idea. In the past, intelligence was critical for survival when our ancestors had to avoid dangerous animals and hunt for food. The difference of being smart or stupid is often life or death. However, after the spread of agriculture, when our ancestors began to live in dense farming communities, the need to keep their intelligence in peak condition gradually reduced.

This is not hard to understand. Most of the time, pressure is what keeps us going – you need the pressure from your teachers to finish your homework; the pressure of looking pretty prompts you to lose weight when summer comes. And the same is also true of our intelligence – if we think less, we become less smart.

These mutations(变异) are harmful to our intelligence and they were all developed in the past 3,000 years. The other evidence that Crabtree holds is in our genes. He found that among the 2,000 to 5,000 genes that we have that determine human intelligence, there are two or more mutations in each of us.

However, Crabtree’s theory has been criticized by some who say that early humans may have better hunting and surviving abilities, but people today have developed a more diverse intelligence. For example, spearing a tiger doesn’t necessarily require more brainpower than playing chess or writing a poem. Moreover, the power of modern education means a lot more people have the opportunity to learn nowadays.

“You wouldn’t get Stephen Hawking 2,000 years ago. He just wouldn’t exist,” Thomas Hills of the University of Warwick, UK, told Live Science. “But now we have people of his intellectual capacity doing things and making insights that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation.”

74. What is Crabtree’s recent finding according to the article?

A. The Greeks from 1,000 BC could have been the smartest in human history. B. Our ancient ancestors had no better surviving abilities than we do nowadays.

C. Humans have been getting steadily more intelligent since the invention of farming.

D. Mutations in genes that decide human intelligence have affected the development of intelligence.

75. According to Crabtree, ancient humans _______.

A. had much more genes that determine human intelligence B. were forced to be smart due to natural selection pressures C. relied more on group intelligence than individual intelligence D. developed a diverse intelligence to adapt to the harsh realities

76. Some argue that Crabtree’s theory is false because they think _______.

A. people today are under much more pressure than early humans B. it’s ridiculous to compare a hunter’s and a poet’s intelligence C. modern education is far more advanced than ancient education

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/ibsv.html