专题 - 就划线部分提问

对划线部分提问汇总

“对划线部分提问”是一种常见的句型转换题型，这类题实际上就是将所给的陈述句变为特殊疑问句。解这类题通常分三步完成：首先选准疑问词；然后改为一般疑问句语序；最后抄写剩余部分。e.g.: He is a doctor. What is he? （一）注意疑问词的选择

疑问词有：

what（什么），who（什么人、谁），whose（谁的），where（什么地方），when（什么时间），why（为什么），how（什么样，怎么）, which（哪个）；以及由它们扩展出来的一些疑问词组，即由两个或两个以上的单词组成疑问部分：what time时间，how old年龄，how long多长、多久，how many多少，how much多少、价钱，这些是问时间、年龄、数量、价钱的，how soon，多久，问时间；还有what + kind of（询问种类），whose+东西，which one，which+东西，等等。 1. 问“谁”用who或whom。如：Li Lei is a doctor. Who is a doctor？（对主语提问用who，对宾语提问用who，whom均可）

2. 问“谁的”用whose。如：This is his book. Whose book is this？ 3. 问“地点”用where。如：The ball is under the bed. Where is the ball？ 4. 问“原因”用why。如：He didn’t come because he was ill. Why didn’t he come？

5. 问“身体状况”用how。如： I’m fine.How are you？

6. 问“方式”用how。如：He did it in that way. How did he do it？ 7. 问“程度”用“how＋被修饰语”。如：The river is five metres wide. How wide is the river？

8. 问“多少”用how much或how many。如：I have a lot of money. How much money do you have？ He has been to Shanghai three times. How many times has he been to Shanghai？

9. 问“多久”用how long或how soon。如： He has stayed here for ten days. How long has he stayed here？ He will be back in two hours. How soon will he be back？（how long指动作或状态发生了多久；how soon指动作或状态还有多久将会发生）

10. 问“动作的发生频率”用how often。如：I watch TV twice every week. How often do you watch TV every week？

11. 问“哪个”用which或what。如： I like this one among these three. Which do you like among these three？ I like English best. What do you like best？ 12. 问“什么”用what。如：There is a book on the desk. What’s on the desk？ 13. 问“职业”用what。如：My father is a teacher. What’s your father？ 14. 问“颜色”用what colour 。如：An orange is orange. What colour is an orange？

15. 问“星期几”用what day。如：Today is Friday. What day is today？ 16. 问“几月几日”用what. . . date。如：Today is July 1st. What’s the date today？

17. 问“时间”用when或what time。如：I go there in the morning. When do you go there？ It is four o’clock.What time is it？ （when既可对点时间提问，也可对年、月、日等时间提问；what time通常只对点时间提问）

为了便于大家理解与记忆，老师把what, who, whose, which, where, how作了详细的例句说明：

1) what引导的各种特殊疑问句。

(1) —What’s this/that in English?这个／那个用英语怎么说？ —It’s a ruler.是一把尺子。

(2) —What’s one and two?一加二等于多少？ —It’s three.等于三。

(3) —What are these/those?这些／那些是什么？ —They are apples.是苹果。

(4) —What can you see in the picture?你在图画里能看见什么？ —I can see a lot of people in it.我能看见许多人。 (5) —What’s the time?现在几点了？ —It’s five twenty.五点二十分。

(6) —What colour is the car?这辆车是什么颜色的？ —It’s red.红色的。

(7) —What is his job?他是干什么的？ —He is a worker.他是个工人。 2) who引导的特殊疑问句。 (1) —Who’s this?这是谁？ —This is Lily.这是莉莉。

(2) —Who’s the girl on the chair?坐在椅子上的那个女孩是谁？ —She’s Lucy’s sister.她是露西的妹妹。 (3) —Who’s on duty today?今天谁值日？ —Han Mei is.是韩梅。 3) whose引导的特殊疑问句。

(1) —Whose is this knife?这把刀是谁的？ —It’s his.是他的。

(2) —Whose coats are these?这些是谁的上衣？ —They are theirs.是他们的。 4) which引导的特殊疑问句。

(1) —Which food do you like?你喜欢哪种食物？ —I like eggs and meat.我喜欢蛋和肉。

(2) —Which man is your uncle?哪位男士是你叔叔？ —The one in the white car.在白色小汽车里面的那一位。 5) where引导的特殊疑问句。

(1) —Where’s Jim?吉姆在哪儿？ —He’s at home.他在家里。

(2) —Where’re Lucy’s books?露西的书在哪里？ —They are in her bag.在她的书包里。 6) how引导的特殊疑问句。 (1) —How are you?你好吗？ —I’m fine, thank you.我很好，谢谢。

(2) —How often do you go fishing?你经常去钓鱼吗？ —Twice a week. 一周两次。

(3) —How do you spell it?它是如何拼写的？ —B-double O-K.B，O，O，K。 (4) —How old are you?你几岁了？ —I’m ten.我十岁。

(5) —How many birds can you see in the picture?你在图画中能看到多少只鸟？

—I can see five.我能看见5只。

【典型例题】

一、选择正确的单词填空 (who, where, when)

_____ is that pretty girl? She is my sister. _____ are Jack and Tom? They are behind you.

_____ do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday. _____ has a beautiful flower? John has a beautiful flower. _____ are they? They are my parents. _____ is my mother? She is in the living room

_____ are you going? We are going to the bakery(面包坊).

_____ do Jim and Wendy play ball? They play ball in the afternoon. _____ does he jog? He jogs in the park. _____ are you from? I’m from Changchun city. 【答案】

Who, Where, When, Who, Who, Where, Where, When, Where, Where

二、对划线部分提问，填入适当的疑问词。

1. They are cleaning their classroom now . _____ are they cleaning now ? 2. He often has supper at home . ____ does he often have supper ? 3. They will come back in a minute . ______ _____ will they come back ? 4. I got up at six this morning . ____ ____ did you get up this morning ? 5. He finished the book last Sunday . _____ did he finish the book ?

6. I didn’t go to school because I had a bad cold . _____ didn’t you go to school ? 7. You’d better take the No. 3 bus . ______ _____ had I better take ? 8. He’s feeling well . _____ _____ he feeling ?

9. The boy on the bike is my friend . ____ _____ is your friend ?

10. He comes to China once a year . _____ ____ does he come to China ? 11.They were drawing a horse when I came in . _____ were they doing when I came in ?

12. It’ll be windy tomorrow . ____ will the weather be like tomorrow ? 13. The capital of America is Washington D.C. . ____ is the capital of America ?

14. Hundreds of people died in the war . _____ _____ people died in the war ?

15.She watches TV every night . ____ _____ does she watch TV ?

16.It’s about ten kilometers away from here . _____ _____ is it from here ?

17.The blouse costs two hundred yuan . _____ _____ does the blouse cost ? 18.We often go out for a walk in the evening . _____ ____ you often go out for a walk ? 【答案】 1. What 6. Why How often 11. What

12. What

13. What 14. How many 15. How often

2. Where

3. How soon

4. What time

5. When

10.

7. Which bus 8. How is 9. Which boy

16. How far 17. How much 18. When do

（二）如何把句子变为一般疑问句。 1、动词 be 的疑问式

将陈述句变为一般疑问句时，如句中有be 动词（am, is, are …）时，可直接将它们提至主语前，即一律将动词be的适当形式置于句首。如主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。如：

I’m in Class 2Grade 1. → Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖ We’re watching TV. → Are you watching TV﹖ You are right. →

Am I right? 我是对的吗？ I am feeling better today. →

Are you feeling better today? 你今天感觉好些了吗? He is always late for school. → Is he always late for school? 2、情态动词的疑问式

陈述句中有情态动词（can, may, must …）时，也可直接将它们提至主语前，即可成为一般疑问句。

He can swim now. →Can he swim now﹖

The children may come with us. → May the children come with us﹖ I can speak English. →Can you speak English? 你会说英语吗？

You must finish the work at once. →Must I finish the work at once? 我必须马上完成工作吗？ 3、实义动词的疑问式

陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时时，变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does，主语后的实义动词用原形。如：

I like these animals. →Do you like these animals﹖

She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies﹖ 4、动词 have 的疑问式

动词 have 根据不同的人称和时态可以有have, has的形式，可以用作实义动词或助动词，分以下情况讨论：

① 用作实义动词表示状态，如表示拥有、患病或用于have to表示“必须”等。在构成疑问式时可以直接将have, has置于句首，也可根据情况在句首使用 do, does,

他有什么话要说吗?Has he anything to say? /Does he have anything to say? 你必须这么快就走吗?Do you have to leave so soon? /Have you to leave so soon?

② 用作实义动词表示动作，如表示“吃(=eat)”、“喝(=drink)”、“拿(=take)”、“收到(=receive)”、“度过(=spend)”等，构成疑问式时不能将have 提前至句首，而应在句首使用do, does。

Does he have breakfast at home? 他在家吃早餐吗？

Do you have a good time at the weekend? 你周末玩得高兴吗？

【典型例题】

一、将下列句子变成一般疑问句

1. His father is an English teacher. ___________________________? 2. These cats are crying. ___________________________? 3. They can swim. ___________________________? 4. I like to read English. ___________________________? 5. I go to school on foot. ___________________________? 6. He likes English. ___________________________?

7. His father goes to work by bus. ___________________________? 8. He is crying under the tree. ___________________________?

9. His birthday is on the twentieth of November. ___________________________? 10. Mrs. Li and Kitty are in a big shop. ___________________________? 11. Kitty is wearing her new uniform. ___________________________? 12. The boy under the tree is hungry. ___________________________? 13. He goes to school every day. ___________________________? 14. I want to have a model car. ___________________________? 15. She wants a cup of coffee. ___________________________?

16. Mrs. Li and Kitty watch television at night. ___________________________? 17. I do my homework after school. ___________________________? 18.The elephant’s ears are big. __________________________? 19.I can sing and dance. ___________________________?

二、将下列每组词各组成一句特殊疑问句 1. (you are how). _________________________? 2. (old how Ben is)_________________________?

3. (colour is what your shirt)_________________________? 4. (can see what the on you desk ) ________________________? 5. (like what do you)_________________________? 【答案】 一、

1. Is his father an English teacher? 2. Are these cats crying? 3. Can they swim?

4. Do you like to read English? 5. Do you go to school on foot? 6. Does he like English?

7. Does his father go to work by bus? 8. Is he crying under the tree?

9. Is his birthday on the twentieth of November? 10. Are Mrs. Li and Kitty in a big shop? 11. Is Kitty wearing her new uniform? 12. Is the boy under the tree hungry? 13. Does he go to school every day? 14. Do you want to have a model car? 15. Does she want a cup of coffee?

16. Do Mrs. Li and Kitty watch television at night? 17. Do you do your homework after school? 18. Are the elephant’s ears big ? 19. Can you sing and dance? 二、

1. How are you?

2. How old is Ben ? 3. What colour is your shirt? 4. What can you see on the desk? 5. What do you like?

（三）注意特殊疑问句的语序

1. 对句子的主语提问，其语序是： 疑问词＋谓语＋其他成分？ She is their teacher. Who is their teacher？

2. 对句子主语的定语提问，其语序是： 疑问词＋主语＋谓语＋其他成分？ My book is over there. Whose book is over there？

3. 对表语、宾语或状语提问，其语序是： 疑问词＋一般疑问句？ He lives in Beijing. Where does he live？

4. 对表语或宾语的定语提问，其语序是： 疑问词＋表语或宾语＋一般疑问句？

I’m looking for my watch. Whose watch are you looking for？

【典型例题】 一、对划线部分提问 1. He is my father. 2. They are under the tree. 3. I often watch TV after dinner.

4. Lily swims in the swimming pool.(游泳池) 5. Superman flies in the sky.

6. I often brush my teeth in the evening. 7. Alan likes to play with Bill.

8. Joe’s father plays badminton every weekend.

9. The supermarket is near the school. 10. The laptop(笔记本电脑) is on the table. 11. Jennifer has a pair of earrings(耳环). 12. The flowers are in the flower pot(花盆). 13. My grandpa took us to the zoo.

14. I put the gold fish(金鱼) into the fish tank(鱼缸). 15. The monkey sleeps at night. 【答案】 1. Who is he? 2. Where are they?

3. When do you often watch TV? 4. Where does Lily swim? 5. Who flies in the sky?

6. When do you often brush your teeth? 7. Who likes to play with Bill?

8. When does Joe’s father play badminton? 9. Where is the supermarket? 10. Where is the laptop? 11. Who has a pair of earrings? 12. Where are the flowers? 13. Who took us to the zoo? 14. Where do you put the gold fish? 15. When does the monkey sleep?

二、用适当的疑问词填空。

1. A: ______ _______ is it? B: It is nine o’clock.

2. A: ______ _______ does your mother get up? B: My mother gets up at 6:30. 3. A: ______ _______ do you go to bed? B: I go to bed at 10:00.

4. A: ______ _______ do Diana and Fiona have supper? B: Diana and Fiona have supper at 18:00.

5. A: ______ _______is it? B: It is purple.

6. A: ______ _______ is the sky? B: The sky is blue. 7. A: ______ _______ is your coat? B: My coat is black. 8. A: ______ _______ is the dog? B: The dog is white. 9. A: ______ _______ is today? B: Today is Monday. 10. A: ______ _______ is tomorrow? B: Tomorrow is Tuesday. 11. A: ______ _______ was yesterday(昨天)? B: Yesterday was Sunday. 12. A: ______ _______ do you like? B: I like red. 13. A: ______ is this? This is a computer(电脑).

14. A: ______ are you doing? B: We are playing basketball.

15. A: ______ does your mother do? B: My mother is a policewoman. 16. A: ______ are those? B: Those are peppers(辣椒). 17. A: ______ is in the box? B: A lovely doll is in the box. 18. A: ______ is on the table? B: The apple is on the table.

19. A: ______ is in the classroom? The blackboard is in the classroom. 20. A: ______ ______ ______? B: Mary is ill.

21. A: ______ ______ ______ ______ ______? B: My favorite color is pink. 22. A: ______ ______ ______ ______? B: Nick is playing table tennis. 【答案】

1. What time, 2. What time, 3. What time, 4. What time, 5. What color, 6. What color, 7. What color, 8. What color, 9. What day, 10. What day, 11. What day, 12. What color, 13. What, 14. What, 15. What, 16. What, 17. What, 18. What, 19. What,

20. How is Mary, 21. What is your favourite color? 22. What is Nick doing? 三、句型转换——划线部分提问 1. The boy in red is my brother. boy is your brother?

2. We celebrate Chinese New Year by making and eating dumplings. you celebrate Chinese New Year? 3. I can see five pumpkins in the classroom。

pumpkins can you see in the classroom? 4. The red coat is mine. is the red coat?

5. At Mid-Autumn Festival we eat mooncakes. you eat at Mid-Autumn Festival? 6. I like Mid-Autumn Festival.

you ? 7. There’s some bread on the table.

is there on the table? 8. His father works in an office. works in an office? 9. The boy looks like a cat.

the boy like? 10. It is Thursday today.

is it today? 【答案】 1. Which 2. How do 3. How many

4. Whose 5. What do

6. Which festival do, like 7. How much bread 8. Who

9. What does, look 10. What day

四、连线：（Match）

1. What’s on the chair? a. There is a book in the bag. 2. How is your father? b. These are apples. 3. What are these? c. I go to school by bus. 4. What is in the bag? d. The radio is on the chair. 5. How do you go to school? e. My father is fine.

6. How much is it? f. I wash my face in the morning. 7. What time is it? g. I have two hands. 8. When do you wash your face? h. It’s four o’clock. 9. How many hands do you have? i. It is 5 RMB(人民币). 10. When do you have lunch? j. I have lunch at noon. 【答案】

1. d 2. e 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. i 7. h 8. f 9. g 10. j

【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟） 一、对划线部分提问 1. He is our teacher.

2. They are in the playground.

3. I often do my homework after dinner. 4. Lily dances in the music hall.

5. The boys are flying kites in the playground. 6. I often watch TV in the evening. 7. Tom likes to play football with Bill. 8. My father plays basketball every weekend. 9. The hospital is near the bus stop. 10. The magazine is on the table. 11. Jim has a pair of sports shoes. 12. The flowers are in the vase. 13. Miss Green takes us to the park. 14. He puts the cat into the box. 15. The girl dances at night.

二、翻译句子 1. 你在做什么？ 2. 你喜欢哪个？ 3. 这是谁的自行车？ 4. 你什么时候能来？ 5. 你从什么地方来？ 6. 你的衣服为什么这么脏? 7. 我怎样回答她? 8. 谁给你的那本书？ 9. 是什么使她哭得这样伤心？ 10. 他的裤子是什么颜色？

【试题答案】 一、

1. Who is he? 2. Where are they?

3. When do you often do your homework? 4. Where does Lily dance?

5. Who are flying kites in the playground? 6. What do you often do in the evening? 7. Who does Tom like to play football with? 8. When does your father play basketball? 9. Where is the hospital? 10. Where is the magazine? 11. What does Jim have? 12. Where are the flowers? 13. Who takes us to the park? 14. Where does he put the cat? 15. When does the girl dance? 二、

1. What are you doing? 2. Which do you like? 3. Whose bicycle is this? 4. When can you come? 5. Where are you from? 6. Why are your clothes so dirty? 7. How shall I answer her? 8. Who gave you that book?

9. What made her cry so badly? 10. What colour are his trousers?

一. 教学内容：

专题——就划线部分提问 二. 重点、难点：

对划线部分提问的程序

一代（用疑问词代替划线部分）， 二移（把疑问词移至句首）

三倒（颠倒主谓语，但对主语或其定语提问时除外） 四抄（照抄其它部分）

［具体内容］

“对画线部分提问”是初中英语测试中常见的一种句型转换题型，该类试题实际上就是把所给的陈述句变为特殊疑问句。同学答题时感到茫然，且错误率很高，这一讲就先谈谈这种题目的解题方法。 一、选准疑问词,特殊疑问句共有两种基本结构：

（一）疑问词（或其修饰的主语）+谓语＋其它成分+？ ； （二）疑问词（或其修饰的词语）+一般疑问句＋？

无论是哪一类特殊疑问句，均以疑问词开头，故选准疑问词是解答好对画线部分提问题目的关键。要想选准疑问词，则必须首先弄清画线部分在句子中的成分，如对主语部分提问，如果指人要用who，若指物就用what；对表语提问情况比较复杂，若指物用what，若指人的身份用who，指人的职业用what；若为数量词，指年龄用how old，指时间用what time，指距离用how far，指运算结果

用how much等；对谓语部分提问用what，且以do的适当形式替代谓语动词；对宾语部分提问，若指人用whom 或who，若指物用what或which，若是介词的宾语（who除外）可和介词一起提到句首；对定语提问，需要把替代它的疑问词和它所修饰的词一起提到句首，若问“谁的”用whose，若问“哪个（些）”用which或what，若问 “数量”用how many（可数）或how much（不可数）；若对状语部分提问，指时间用when（几点几分用what time），指地点用where，指原因用why，指程度用how等等。

二、疑问句的语序 在选准疑问词之后，紧接着便要判定其后是用陈述句语序，还是用

一般疑问句语序。 如果是对主语部分提问，疑问词后要用陈述句语序，即把画线部分用疑问词替代，再把句末的句号改为问号便可，句子的其它部分不要作任何改动。如果画线部分不是主语，疑问词后必须接倒装语序，也就是接原句的一般疑问句形式。但要注意：

（一）当原句里有动词be，助动词have(has),will,shall或情态动词can,may,must等时，将它们移到主语之前（疑问词之后）就成了一般疑问句；

（二）当原句里无上述词语时，应根据时态在主语之前加do(does)、did等助动词来构成一般疑问句，谓语动词用原形。

三、抄写剩余部分 在前两步做好之后，接着就是要把原句的剩余部分再抄写一遍，在

抄写过程中也不可忽视以下几个问题：

（一）要删去画线部分（若画线部分是谓语，应用do的适当形式替代）； （二）要注意原句首单词须改为小写形式（若原句首单词为人名、地名等专有名词仍应大写）；（三）要把原句句号改为问号。

四、实例分析

1. His mother can speak English. 具体步骤：（一）画线部分指人，疑问词用who；（二）画线部分为主语，后仍用陈述句语序；（三）抄写剩余部分can speak English，且把“.”改成“?”，即：Who can speak English?

2. The children are flying their kites on the hill.

具体步骤：（一）画线部分为谓语，疑问词用what；（二）画线部分不是主语，判定接一般疑问句语序，将are放在疑问词之后，主语之前；（三）抄写剩余部分时应用doing代替画线部分，注意大小写、标点符号的变动。 即：What are the children doing on the hill?

3. She has four lessons in the morning. 具体步骤：（一）画线部分是数量词作定语，疑问词用how many，而且lessons应紧跟其后；（二）判定疑问词后接一般疑问句语序，因是一般现在时，且主语为单数，故主语前加助动词does，将谓语动词has还原成have；（三）抄写剩余部分，并注意大小写和标点符号。即：How many lessons does she have in the morning?

五、注意特殊情况 当对日期、天气情况进行提问时，仅仅按照上面三个步骤是不够的，

这是因为特殊疑问句的主语通常不再用原句的主语，习惯上应改为the date, the weather等，有时还必须添加其它词。例如： 1.Tomorrow is May 2.→What is the date tomorrow?

2.It was cloudy yesterday.→What was the weather like yesterday?

（一）对主语或主语部分中的定语提问时，语序与陈述句相同。其做法是：只需把原句中的划线部分用合适的疑问词替换下来，把句号改成问号就可以了。如： 1. 对主语提问：

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