1999年6月北京地区研究生英语学位课统考试题

1999年6月北京地区研究生英语学位课统考试题

Paper One

Part I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes, 15 points)

Section A ( 1 points each)

1. A Friends B Relatives

C A real estate agent and a client.

D A boss and an employee.

2. A He was held up by the traffic.

B He was engaged in housework.

C He fell into a ditch.

D He spent too much time eating.

3. A Call Mr. Weaver at the lobby.

B let Mr. Weaver post a map to them.

C Seek information from the directory.

D Ask the porter for directions.

4. A Mr. Crane doesn’t live far from his office building.

B Mr. Crane is usually late for his work.

C People tend to get a job in nearby areas.

D Most people hate working early in the morning.

5. A Ten B Fifteen C Twenty D Thirty

6. A At the beginning of the term B Towards the end of the term.

C During the Christmas season D During the summer vacation.

7. A The hairdresser’s is cheap but good.

B The woman’s hairstyle is not the latest fashion.

C Short hair is better for her than long hair.

D Good service is seldom found round the area.

8. A Too many young people swim in the lake.

B The government failed to regulate fishing.

C There is an excessive growth of water weeds.

D Some chemical has killed the water weeds.

9. A Frank’s choice of subject B Frank’s negligence.

C Frank’s irrelevant response D Frank’s arrogance

Section B ( 1 point each)

10. A Around 1000 B. C B Around 3000 B.C.

C In the 17th century D in the 18th century

11. A Because soap had not been invented yet.

B Because people preferred to use perfumes.

C Because frequent bathing was believed to be harmful.

D Because they felt happy to be called “The Great Unwashed.”

12. A Taking a daily bath. B Taking a bath once a month.

C Taking no bath unless it was hydrotherapy.

D Public baths were forbidden.

13. A She could not find the grocery store.

B She could not buy what she wanted.

C She could not understand what the grocer said.

D She bought some newspaper.

14. A She was very quiet and shy.

B She wanted to please her boyfriend.

C She was afraid that people would find her mistakes.

D She was confident about herself.

15. A She will be living in an English speaking family.

B She will have a job in an English environment.

C She will get married to an English teacher.

D She will go to a language school.

Part II. Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)

Section A (0.5 point each) of compromise was the President’s state visit to China.

A development B indication C impact D consequence

17. The only way out for the view for reasons they can’t fully explain.

A bored B discouraged C perplexed D unbiased. her own way.

A irrational B opinionated C ceremonious D awe-inspiring

19. The of taxi-drivers in Beijing used to draw a cry of protest.

A talkative B rudeness C diminution D lawlessness A emit B immense C inhabit D pervade

21. A magnificent TV station was y destroyed in a NATO’s air strike in Kosovo.

A completely B hardly C visually D almost

22. Before the flames, tens of thousands of homeless throughout the night.

A ran away B gathered C turned up D disappeared.

23. In the past when they looked at each other like that they felt that their

A as usual B so to speak C for sure D on purpose

24. Delegates to the conference promised to set up a survey on Antarctica which, its isolation, is one of the purest research environments from which to study the ozone hole.

A with regard to B in accordance with C as a result of D in addition to

25. The Rachel Papers did not seem likely a teenage readership, but the film’s poster favors a resoundingly youthful slant.

A instruct B interest C resort to D persuade

Section B (0.5 point each)

A concede B assent C conform D comply

27. One of the problems the local authorities have to deal with is the ___of plastic containers.

A disposal B dispatch C discourse D dismay

28. The high ___ of road accidents on the super highway is giving cause for serious concern.

A coincidence B occurrence C circumstance D occasion

29. In the longer term, Chinese managers who perform well can expect to take their place in the international ____

A hierarchy B ultimate C hostility D zenith

30. In some cases, it is difficult to find the exact ___ of a particular word of one language in another, for example, the Chinese expression for the English word “cool”.

A equality B correspondence C equivalent D compatibility

31. It is a great shame that many children in poverty-stricken areas are ____ access to primary education.

A deprived B refused C rejected D denied

32. The open-minded tend to view most issues from a liberal ____

A perspective B prospect C perception D proposition

33. Governments of many countries appreciate the Chinese ____ to hold renminbi steady despite the financial crisis.

A commitment B compromise C complexion D compliment

34. The market was able to ____ its experiences of the 1987 turmoil and many of the worst aspects were not repeated.

A draw on B try on C drop on D bear on

35. Sometimes the imprudence ___ some policy-makers results in heavy losses to the national interests.

A in the place of B for the sake of C in view of D on the part of

Part II. Close Test ( 10 minutes, 1 point each)

It was an awesome moment of owners of electronic pagers last May, when 45 million of the units across North America suddenly flared and . The blackout was caused not by routine equipment failure but by a massive storm on the surface of the sun that shorted out an Earth-orbiting communications satellite. Such solar typhoons are not , and the damage they do can be considerable. Last week NASA announced that may now be possible to predict the storms and take action to limit their .

The most violent type of solar eruption is coronal mass ejection (CME), a vast bubble of gas that bursts from the sun and releases a wave of charged particles into space. Slamming into Earth’s atmosphere,

radiation and entire cities.

Recently, researchers studying satellite the sun have paid special attention to great, S-shaped twists of plasma called signoids they of CME formation. a signoid, and within a few days you’ll probably see an explosion. it takes an additional four days for the solar tsunami to reach Earth, you can double today’s early-warning time.

front is coming can shut their systems off to prevent short-circuiting. Earth-based power grids can be temporarily, reconfigured to provide extra grounding. Astronauts planning a space walk can stay indoors until the danger passes.

36. A died B disappeared C erased D shut

37. A that B some C its D all

38. A common B uncommon C usually D unusually

39. A what B this C it D they

40. A threat B affluence C intention D

41. relevant to B compared to C known as D combined with

42. A discharges B discards C distinction D distribution

43. A spread out B black out C wipe out D knock out

44. A connections B communications C images D procedures

45. A that B these C those D whom

46. A step B moment C stage D period

47. A Finding B Find C Having found D To find

48. A Although B Unless C Since D No matter if

49. A failure B routine C research D storm

50. A if B not C while D so

Part IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)

Passage One

Post-holiday blood shortages are nothing new to hospitals. But last week, physician James Devitt at Miami Valley Hospital saw disaster looming. For the first time ever, he called surgeons at home and urged them to postpone all non-emergency surgeries requiring large amounts of blood. By the time he was done dialing. Devitt had persuaded surgeons to reschedule at least 14 operations. Not that he was pleased by the delays. “If we don’t get some of these surgeries done soon,” Devitt says, “they could become emergencies.”

Miami Valley, wasn’t alone. Confronting a national blood shortage, physicians in Atlanta, Pittsburgh, New York, Baltimore, and Washington moved to postpone non-emergency surgeries. “We’ve never seen cancellations of surgeries like this,” says Melissa Macmillan, spokesperson for America’s Blood Centers (ABC). “It’s absolutely the last resort.”

The blood shortage was so grim that about half of all U.S. blood banks carried less than a one-day supply. Normally, they stockpile three days’ worth. Suppliers need the extra red cells on hand for emergencies like car accidents----one trauma patient can quickly wipe out a hospital’s entire blood supply.

This month’s crippling blood drought is worse than usual because winter storms forced cancellations of blood drives in the Midwest,

considered America’s “blood basket.” Blood providers like ABC and the Red Cross count on that region to supply the rest of the country during normal shortages. But last week, icy roads kept donors away from blood banks, while school and workplace closings forced blood-drive organizations to cancel events.

Blood industry experts say the long-term outlook is ominous. Hospitals need more blood to treat an aging population, and donations aren’t keeping pace. Only 5% of those eligible(edible, legible) donate, and even fewer people plan to give this year, according to a recent Harris Poll. The ranks of the most loyal donors, the World War II generation, are thinning. For the most part, baby boomers say they are too busy, and young people are apathetic.

51 The quotation of Devitt’s remarks in Paragraph One serves to _____

A prove that he was not pleased by the delays.

B explain that blood shortage is not rare.

C analyze the characteristics of emergencies.

D emphasize the necessity of blood transfusion

52. What is the subject of Paragraph Two ?

A The inefficiency of most physicians.

B The seriousness of the nationwide blood shortage.

C The disappointment of the ABC spokesperson.

D The significance of the cancellations of surgeries.

53. What can we learn from Paragraph Three ?

A Blood price is higher because of the blood shortage.

B One patient has used up a hospital’s entire blood supply.

C Red cells are usually more available than some other things.

D Many suppliers are facing a marked shrinkage of blood stock.

54. What is said about the Midwest?

A Blood drives forced school and workplace closings.

B A severe draught hit the area this month.

C It is the major area for blood donation.

D Donors there were organized to drive to the rest of the country.

55. “Baby boomers” (in Paragraph 5) most probably refer to ________

A the World War II generation B the middle-aged Americans.

C the aging population D the most loyal donors

56. Which of the following best describes the tone of the author?

A Ominous B Ironic C Apathetic D Worrisome

Passage Two

America’s most relentless examiner, the Educational Testing Service, has developed computer software, known as R-rater, to evaluate essays on the Graduate Management Admission Test. Administered to 200,000 business school applicants each year, the GMAT includes two 30-min essays that test takers type straight into a computer. In the past, those

essays were graded on a six-point scale by two readers. This month, the computer will replace one of the readers ----with the proviso that a second reader will be consulted if the computer and human-reader scores differ by more than a point.

It’s one thing for a machine to determine whether a bubble has been correctly filled in, but can it read outside the lines, so to speak? Well, yes and no. E-Rater “learns” what constitutes good and bad answers from a sample of pregraded essays. Using that information, it breaks the essay down to its syntax, organization and content. The software checks basics like subject-verb agreement and recognizes phrases and sentence structures that are likely to be found in high-scoring essays.

Of course, the machine can’t “get” a clever turn of phrase or an unusual analogy. “If I’m unique, I might not fall under the scoring instructions,” concedes Frederic McHale, a vice president at the GMAT Council. On the other hand, E-Rater is mercilessly objective and never tired halfway through a stack of essays. The upshot: in pretrial tests, E-Rater and a human reader were just as likely to agree as were two readers. “It’s not intended to judge a person’s creativity,” says Darrell Laham, co-developer of the Intelligent Essay Assessor, a computer-grading system similar to E-Rater. “It’s to give students a chance to construct a response instead of just pointing at a bubble.”

That won’t reassure who argue that writing simply can’t

be reduced to rigid adjective plus subject plus verb formulations. “Writing is a human act, with aesthetic dimensions that computers can only begin to understand,” says David Schaafsma, professor of English education at Teachers College of Columbia University. The Kaplan course, a leader in test prep, has taken a more pragmatic approach: it has issued a list of strategies for “the age of the computerized essay.” One of its tips: use transitional phrases like “therefore,” and the computer just might think you’re Dickens.

57. E-Rater is described as _________

A the substitute for the GMAT.

B American’s most relentless examiner.

C a machine to grade bubble-filling papers.

D a computer-grading system.

58. Until “this month”, the GMAT test takers had to ________

A type their compositions straight into a computer.

B have their writing graded by two human assessors .

C finish two essays with a pen and paper in 30 minutes.

D take pretrial tests on a six-point scale

59. In Paragraph 2 the expression “read outside the lines” refers to the ability to ____

A understand student essays B reporting scores.

C recognizing a wrong bubble. D judging a person’s creativity

60. Frederic McHale implies that if the test taker is unique, he would ____

A get a top grade B get an average C be in advantage D be in disadvantage

61. When computers are used to grade essays, all of the following is true EXCEPT ______

A nobody is rendered special kindness.

B human readers are still needed.

C the grading time is generally shortened.

D more people would get lower scores.

62. It can be inferred that Professor Schaafsma agrees with ________

A traditionalists B Darrell Laham C supporters of E-Rater D the Kaplan course designers

63. To cite one of the Kaplan’s tips in the closing sentence is to show that ________

A transitional phrases should not be neglected.

B “therefore” is often neglected as one of the useful expression.

C E-Reader may favor the widely accepted style of writing.

D Dickens is one of the greatest writers in the world.

Passage Three :

For a long time we have worked hard at isolating the individual family. This has increased the mobility of individuals; and by

encouraging young families to break away from the older generation and the home community, we have been able to speed up the acceptance of change and the rapid spread of innovative behaviour. But at the same time we have burdened every small family with tremendous responsibilities once shared within three generations and among a large number of people----the nurturing of small children , the emergence of adolescents into adulthood, and care of the sick and disabled and the protection of the aged. What we have failed to realize is that even as we have separated the single family from the larger society, we have expected each couple to take on a range of obligations that traditionally have been shared within a family and a wider community.

So all over the world there are millions of families left alone, as it were, each in its own box--- parents faced with the specter of what may happen if either one gets sick, children fearful that their parents may end their quarrels with divorce, and empty-handed old people without any role in the life of the next generation.

Then, having reduced little by little to almost nothing the relationship between families and the community, when families get into trouble because they can’t accomplish the impossible , we turn their problems over to impersonal social agencies, which can act only in a fragmented way because they are limited to patchwork programs that often are too late to accomplish what is most needed.

and what those who work hard within the framework of social agencies themselves.

64. According to the author, when younger families are isolated, _____

A old people can easily accept the change.

B people keep moving from place to place.

C individuals can hardly become innovative.

D economy develops at high speed.

65. What is said to be the major problem facing young couples?

A They need to fulfill more obligations.

B They are incapable of balancing the budget.

C They have their children spoiled and over-indulged.

D They get empty-handed after divorce.

66. We know from the second paragraph that ____

A old people are less healthy than the younger generations.

B divorce rate of the old people is lower than that of the young.

C divorce is possible at a result of quarrels between the parents.

D parents care more about the health of their children than their own.

67. It is implied by the author that _____

A social agencies in America can be very helpful.

B the help to American families from social agencies is limited.

C the government should do more to improve patchwork programs.

D the fragmentary nature of the American family’s unique.

Passage Four

At present rates of demand, the world has enough oil in known and economically viable reserves to last for more than 40 years, enough gas for more than 60 years and enough coal for more than 230 years. Naturally, demand will increase; but so will reserves as companies explore more widely and costs fall. Since 1970 viable reserves of oil have almost doubled while those of gas have leapt three-fold. One distant day a difficult situation will come, but as it approaches fossil-fuel prices will rise, making alternative forms of energy, perhaps including nuclear power, competitive. That is no reason to spend on nuclear right now.

An oil shocks is a more worrying prospect, despite today’s low oil price and OPEC’s present inability to budge it upwards. However, even if an oil shock is a real danger, building nuclear reactors is not a good way to avert it. A higher oil price would have a relatively small effect on the supply of electricity---- the only sort of energy that nuclear power can now provide. Just over a tenth of the world’s electricity is generated from oil, and the proportion has steadily fallen since 1970. Transport, by contrast, relies almost entirely upon oil, already swallowing half the world’s oil supply and likely to take an even larger chunk in the future. If

the supply of oil were cut off tomorrow, billions of people would find themselves immobile. Relatively few would be without electricity.

Besides, there are superior, non-nuclear, ways to prepare for an oil shock. Governments could take advantage of today’s low oil prices to build up their stocks. Especially where congestion and population are serious problems, they could try to restrict the growth of car use, or promote cars which use less fuel. For governments keen to reduce electricity’s remaining dependence on oil still further, there are usually cheaper alternatives to nuclear, such as coal or hydro power.

Climate change is a legitimate worry. Although still riddled with uncertainties, the science of climate change is becoming firmer: put too much carbon in the atmosphere and you might end up cooking the earth, with possibly catastrophic results. But here again, switching immediately to nuclear power is not the best response. Cutting the large subsidies that go to the world’s coal producers would help tilt the world’s energy balance towards natural gas, which gives off much less carbon dioxide. Developing countries subsidize electricity prices up to $ 120 billion a year, according to World Bank estimates. If prices reflected the true costs of generation, electricity demand would fall, thus cutting greenhouse emissions.

68. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A Oil, gas and coal play an important role in energy supply.

B The more reserves, the greater demand there is for energy.

C There is no point in bothering about nuclear power at present.

D Some other forms of energy will replace fossil fuels someday.

69 In Paragraph 1, the sentence “ One distant day ……competitive.” Stresses that ___________

A a shortage of fossil fuels will result in a rise of their prices.

B fossil fuels may eventually give way to more competitive energy sources.

C. facing the exhaustion of fossil fuels, nuclear power is a good alternative.

D energy crisis will be too far ahead to worry about.

70. Which of the following would NOT be true if an oil shock came soon?

A It wouldn’t affect much of the supply of electricity.

B it would have great impact on transport.

C The world would be badly in need of nuclear plants.

D Oil price would go upwards.

71. What is NOT mentioned as a way to prepare for an oil shock?

A Exploiting nuclear energy instead.

B Promoting cars which consume less fuel.

C Building up stocks of oil for future consumption.

D Using coal or hydro power.

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