高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选练（二）121

福建三明市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（二）

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

(2013·长沙市二模，B)

These days, there are very few wild animals left in the UK. The wolves have gone. The bears have been hunted to extinction. Fortunately, there are a few badgers (獾)—Oh, well, actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too! But why?

Badgers are fascinating creatures. The black and white mammals live underground in “setts”， which they dig out of the earth. They are extremely brave, fighting off larger animals such as bears and wolves. The problem is that some badgers carry “Bovine Tuberculosis”(BTB), an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Bovis (M. Bovis) which can cause TB in some other animals, including cattle.

For farmers, this is a serious issue. In 1998 in the UK, almost 6 000 cows were killed to control the disease. And in 2010, more than 30 000 animals were destroyed. It's expensive too. Bovine TB costs the UK about ￡100 million per year. And some believe that the disease could end up costing the economy ￡9 billion over the next 40 years if nothing is done about it.

Experts say that badgers are responsible for about 50% of the infected cattle. So, after much debate, the government has agreed to a badger cull (杀戮). This will mean about 30 000 of the innocent creatures will be wiped out to fight the disease. Environment Secretary Caroline Spelman admitted that there was “great strength of feeling” about it, but said, “I believe this is the right way forward.”

Of course, many are against the measure, including conservationists and animal rights activists. They claim that killing the badgers in controlled zones wouldn't work because badgers from neighboring areas would simply move into the empty setts and become infected too. Furthermore, they believe that the way cattle are raised

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intensively, and transported around to lots of different farms during their lives is probably the biggest cause of the spread of the disease.

Most ordinary people are against the measure too. A survey suggests about two-thirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender. One of the alternatives to the cull involves using vaccine (疫苗) on badgers. However, this costs an average of ￡2 250 per year per square kilometer. Trapping and shooting badgers costs ￡2 500 per year, but shooting freerunning badgers only costs about ￡200 per year (per square kilometer)．

So, with that in mind, it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks!

文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。在英国，一些獾身上携带TB病菌，这种病菌会传播给牲畜，从而给农民带来巨大的损失。政府不顾多数人的反对，决定采取行动来杀掉獾，因为对他们来说，这样做的代价相对来说较低。

1．Why does the government want to kill the badgers?

A．Because there is no other choice to cut the spread of the disease. B．Because badgers carry TB, a disease which can infect other animals. C．Because they almost wiped out an entire population of cattle.

D．Because it might be an effective way to fight TB at the least expense. 答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中第四句“The problem is that some badgers carry ‘Bovine Tuberculosis’ (BTB)．..”及倒数第二段最后一句“... shooting free-running badgers only costs about ￡200 per year (per square kilometer)．”可知，杀死獾可能是以最低价来对抗TB传播的有效办法。故答案选D。

2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Some people object to culling because it costs much more to trap and shoot badgers.

B．In the following four decades, ￡9 billion will be spent on TB.

C．Based on the survey, people of different age groups, regions and both genders are against killing the badgers.

D．Caroline Spelman thought badgers should be culled despite people's strong reaction.

答案：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“A survey suggests about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender.”可知，一项调查表明来自不同年龄、地区和性别的人，大多数都反对屠杀獾。故答案选C。

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3．Who is strongly for killing the badgers according the passage? A．The government. B．Most ordinary people. C．Conservationists. D．Animal rights activists.

答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第四、五、六段及文章最后一段中“it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府对屠杀獾是非常支持的，因为这样做的代价最低。故答案选A。

4．What is the author's attitude toward government's decision? A．Supportive. C．Objective.

B．Critical. D．Unconcerned.

答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句中“actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too！”及最后一段“So, with that in mind, it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府不顾多数人的反对，只考虑钱的问题。从中可以看出，作者对政府的决定是持批评态度。故答案选B。

5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．The Control of TB B．The Voice of the Badgers C．Badger Danger

D．The Threat of the Badgers

答案：C 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了英国政府不顾人们的反对，已经决定杀死獾，从而使獾处于危险之中。因此，短文的最佳标题应是Badger Danger。故答案选C。

由 (2013山东临沂高三一模)改编

One day several years ago,Josie went to meet her sister from her local Harvester pub in Brentwood,Essex,where they both worked.A few men came up with gulls in their hands.The robbers then tied up their arms and legs and told them to get down on the ground,while they raided the restaurant,fleeing with ￡1,000.

“As I lay on the ground I felt helpless and ashamed as they took time out to laugh at me,calling me fat cow,”Josie said.Shortly after that she was able to untie

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herself and raise the alarm,but it was just the beginning of her nightmare.

“I was too terrified to go back to work,so I had to leave.I slept with the light on for more than a year.My confidence was totally destroyed.At school people would call me fatty and shout nasty things.When the robber called me fatty that night,it just brought all those horrible memories back.”Over the next few months Josie ate more and piled on more pounds as she tried to cope with the sufferings.

Two years went by and Josie stuck to the same bad habits,which worried her family a lot.In order to wipe the cloud off and cheer her up,her sister suggested a trip.It wasn’t until returning from the family holiday on the island of Aruba that she decided to take action once and for all and signed up for Weight Watchers the next day with her sister.

Eighteen months later,a slimmer and happier Josie flew to Turkey in summer in 2012 with her family,where she met sailor Fatih,26,at a party and the pair:plan to get married next summer.“If you had told me three years ago that I would be marrying a handsome Turkish man,and looking for a size 10 wedding dress,I would have never believed you.”

5.What does the underlined word “raided” mean in the first paragraph?( ) A.robbed

B.searched

C.destroyed D.occupied

6.By saying “it was just the beginning of her nightmare”,the author means Josie would .

A.suffer from arm and leg injury B.get laughed at by her schoolmates C.have to pay all the damages

D.suffer from the incident for a long time 7.When did Josie decide to lose weight?( ) A.After she heard the robber’s words. B.When she met the sailor Fatih. C.After she graduated from school. D.After she finished the tour of Aruba.

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8.What can we learn from the last paragraph? ( ) A.Fatih was a member of Weight Watchers. B.Fatih helped Josie get over her bad habits. C.Josie never imagined her great changes. D.Josie couldn’t find a proper wedding dress. 9.It can be inferred from the text that . A.Josie was a slim girl when she was in school B.Weight Watchers is a slimming organization C.Josie got fired by the pub after the incident. D.Josie had a wonderful and impressive school life

语篇解读:Josie在打工的地方经历了一次抢劫,并且被劫匪称作fat cow,这使她受到刺激,以至于在以后的两年里生活在恐怖和痛苦中。但在家人的帮助下,Josie减肥成功,重拾自信,并且意外收获了一份爱情。

答案及剖析:5.A 猜测词义题。由画线部分后面的fleeing with ￡1,000可知,几个人抢劫了酒馆,带着1,000英镑逃跑了,故选A项。

6.D 推理判断题。由第三段和第四段的描述可知,Josie不但受到惊吓,而且被劫匪称为fat cow勾起了她在学校因为肥胖而被同学嘲笑的回忆,为此,她自尊心受挫而养成了暴饮暴食的恶习,痛苦不堪,故遭到抢劫只是噩梦的开始,故选D项。

7.D 细节理解题。由第四段的It wasn’t until returning from the family holiday ...she decided to take action once and for all and signed up for Weight Watchers the next day...可知,Josie是在旅行回来后决定减肥的,故选D项。

8.C 推理判断题。由文章最后一句话If you had told me three years ago that I would be marrying a handsome Turkish man,and looking for a size 10 wedding dress,I would have never believed you可知,她三年前绝没想到自己会嫁给一个英俊的土耳其男士,并且能穿10号的婚纱,由此可知C项正确。

9.B 推理判断题。由文章第四段的最后一句话...signed up for Weight Watchers the next day with her sister和第五段的第一句话Eighteen months later,a slimmer and happier Josie...可知B项正确。由第三段的At school people would call me fatty and shout nasty things....it just brought all those horrible memories back可排除A、D两项;由第三段的第一句话I was too terrified to go back to work,so I had to leave

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可排除C项。 【疑难词汇解读】 1.cope with 对付;处理

I am afraid I can not cope with those troubles. 恐怕我对付不了这些麻烦。 2.sign up for报名参加;注册

John wants to sign up for the contest. 约翰想报名参加比赛。 【长难句子分析】

如果三年前你告诉我我会嫁给一个英俊的土耳其男士,并且穿10号的婚纱,我绝不会相信你的。

2016高考英语阅读理解（新闻报道、广告）（1）解析版

2016高考英语阅读理解（新闻报道、广告）【2016·全国新课标I】A

You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams(1860-1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson(1907-1964)

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If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)

When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks(1913-2005)

On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks. 21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A. Her social work.

B. Her lack of proper training in law. C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background.

22. What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm? A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court. C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions.

23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US? A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Rosa Parks. 24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text? A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative. C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers. 【答案】

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21 -24 A C C

考点：考查人物类短文阅读

【技巧点拨 】细节理解题的解题可以先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。

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