专题04 Making the news(押题专练)2019年高考英语一轮复习精品资

第一节 阅读理解

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 A

Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment，and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I\'ve ever had：Be bold and brave—and mighty(强大的) forces will come to your aid.

Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past，it was seldom because I had tried and failed.It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all.On the other hand，whenever I had plunged into deep water，forced by courage or circumstance，I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.

Boldness means a decision to bite_off_more_than_you_are_sure

__you_can_eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces.They are potential powers we possess: energy，skill，sound judgment，creative ideas—even physical strength greater than most of us realize.

Admittedly，those mighty forces are spiritual ones.But they are more important than physical ones.A college classmate of mine，Tim，was an excellent football player，even though he weighed much less than the average player.“In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line，”said Tim.“I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet (子弹)—and stopped him cold.”

Boldness—a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight.But it can be taught to children and developed in adults.Confidence builds up.Surely，there will be setbacks(挫折)and disappointments in life；boldness in itself is no guarantee of success.But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.

So，always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you\'ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.

1．Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past? A．He faced huge risks. B．He lacked mighty forces. C．Fear prevented him from trying. D．Failure blocked his way to success.

2．What is the implied meaning of the underlined part? A．Swallow more than you can digest. B．Act slightly above your abilities. C．Develop more mysterious powers. D．Learn to make creative decisions. 3．What can be learned from Paragraph 5? A．Confidence grows more rapidly in adults. B．Trying without success is meaningless. C．Repeated failure creates a better life. D．Boldness can be gained little by little.

4．What is the author\'s purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage people to be courageous. B．To advise people to build up physical power. C．To tell people the ways to guarantee success. D．To recommend people to develop more abilities.

语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文，题材为人生哲理。作者通过朋友的建议告诉读者，要勇敢地去尝试自己没有把握的事情，即便是失败也比从未尝试过要好很多。

答案：C

2．解析：猜测词义题。根据本段下文内容可知，我们都有比自己意识到的更大的潜在力量，甚至包括体力，由此可推断出此处指“要做略微超出你的能力的事情。”

答案：B

3．解析：推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“Boldness...is not one that can be acquired overnight.”可知，勇敢无畏不能在一夜之间就被培养出来，D项意为“勇敢无畏可以逐渐得到”，符合该段段意。

答案：D

答案：A

B

It didn\'t take long for a lot of people who owned automobiles in the late 1800s to start hiring them out. Even though the first taxis were odd-looking machines that had batteries weighing as much as 800 pounds, there were almost 100 of them in New York City by 1899. They did a great deal of business competing with horse-drawn carriages (马车), since many people found them not only faster, but also quieter and much cleaner. The first gas-powered cabs arrived in New York in 1907, but they were imported from France and not built in the U．S.

The 1920s saw an explosion in the taxis，as thousands of them were in use every day.This burgeoning industry needed regulation，and the Mayor of New York，Fiorello H．La Guardia，signed the Hass Act of 1937.The act forced cab companies to obtain licenses and also introduced the medallion system，which is still in use today.These are the small metal plates you\'ll see on top of the vehicle(车辆)that certifies it is legally allowed to pick up passengers.The system helped the government keep track of not just the number of taxis，but the quality of them as well.

Even though they faced serious competition from buses，subways and trains，taxis in New York remained a staple(主要产品)for millions of people.About 12，000 of them were in service by 1950.While you may think that cabs have always been yellow，it actually wasn\'t until the 1960s that they were required to be painted that iconic color.

There are about 40，000 drivers in New York City alone，and millions of others throughout the U．S.and the rest of the world.An estimated 200 million passengers travel about 800 million miles a year，and pay fares totaling about D|S1 billion a year in New York alone.

5．The underlined word“burgeoning”in Paragraph 2 probably means“________”． A．competing fiercely B．developing rapidly

C．recovering quickly D．disappearing totally

6．The metal plates were set on top of the taxis which________． A．were painted in yellow as required

B．provided qualified services for the passengers C．were allowed by the government to do business D．couldn\'t cause any car accidents all the year round 7．What\'s the writer\'s purpose in writing the passage? A．To analyze the advantages of the taxis B．To advertise the good services of the taxis C．To introduce the history of taxis in New York. D．To show the development of vehicles in the U．S.

语篇解读：在纽约，最原始的出租车诞生于19世纪初，经过几百年的发展，出租车已成为人们不可或缺的代步工具。

5．解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可知，由于出租车行业发展迅速，所以需要纽约市通过立法来进行管理，故选B项。

答案：B

答案：C

7．解析：写作目的题。全文主要介绍了出租车行业在纽约市诞生、发展和走向繁荣的历史。 答案：C

第二节 完形填空

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

Many children go to bed late.If your child seems particularly comfortable to keep late hours，the ____1____may run deeper than your household habits.Mary Carskadon is the director of the Chronobiology and Sleep Research Laboratory at Bradley Hospital in Providence.She has studied the ____2____of early-rising“larks”and “night owls”who go to sleep ____3____ among teenagers.

Dr.Carskadon says that younger kids，too，tend toward one ____4____or the other. Research suggests that our preference for ____5____or late sleep patterns may be partly rooted in our genes；besides, our environment and age ____6____influence them.

To tell whether your child has a preference，____7____yourself: Does he or she sleep early, no matter what\'s going on？Does he or she seem more ____8____and cheerful at certain hours?

Admittedly，my own ____9____，who attend day-care centers part-time, have already had their share of conflicts.They\'ve missed a few early-morning field trips，and they aren\'t especially tired at naptime. After Tom ____10____school full-time, we realize we\'ll have to ____11____our former schedule. It is because we want the boys to get enough ____12____.

Some experts say the sooner children make the change，the ____13____it is. “The longer this pattern goes on，the more difficulty you\'ll have ____14____it，” warns Robert Doekel，M.D., a sleep specialist.But others suggest it\'s all right to ____15____the adjustment，as long as you do it gradually.____16____your child is used to turning in at 10：00 pm, don\'t ____17____until the night before the first day of school to ask the child to sleep at 8：00 pm.Once they do start ____18____early，don\'t let all the attractions and distractions (分心的事物) of modern ____19____ life keep them up late.Turn off the ____20____，pull up the covers, and tuck them in for their ten-plus hours of sleep.

1．A.chances B．influences C．results D．reasons 2．A.expectations B．concerns C．habits D．relations 3．A.hard B．late C．willingly D．easily 4．A.tradition B．way C．strategy D．schedule 5．A.strange B．relaxing C．early D．regular 6．A.also B．never C．hardly D．even 7．A. comfort B．ask

C．confirm D．tell 8．A.angry B．surprised C．energetic D．disappointed 9．A.teachers B．relatives C．parents D．sons 10．A.quits B．starts C．leaves D．founds 11．A.give up B．make up C．keep up D．set up 12．A.trips B．care C．sleep D．exercise 13．A.crueller B．funnier C．longer D．better 14．A.finding B．changing C．creating D．protecting 15．A.require B．put off C．accept D．pay off 16．A.Unless B．Though C．While D．If 17．A.work B．attempt C．wait D．agree 18．A.getting up B．taking off C．standing up D．running away 19．A.career B．family C．company D．school 20．A.water B．machines C．gas D．lights

语篇解读：小孩睡觉晚的习惯是可以慢慢调整过来的，父母需要在他们上学之前将这个习惯调整过来。 1．解析：后面讲到睡觉晚受基因、环境以及年龄的影响，故这里是指“原因”。 答案：D

2．解析：Mary Carskadon在对小孩的睡眠进行研究，故她会研究他们的“(睡觉)习惯”。 答案：C

3．解析：night owls是指睡觉“晚”的人。 答案：B

4．解析：这里是指他们有自己偏好的“作息表”，由下一句sleep patterns和第三段的former schedule也可推知。

答案：D

5．解析：这里需选一个跟late对立的词，故选C项。 答案：C

答案：A

7．解析：后面列举了两个问题，故这里指“问”自己这些问题。 答案：B

8．解析：根据and cheerful可知需选C项，表示“充满精力”和高兴的时候。 答案：C

9．解析：根据下文中We want the boys可知，这里是指作者的“儿子们”。 答案：D

10．解析：该段前半部分讲述孩子们上日托班的情况，后半部分则讲述其中一个孩子开始上学，故选“starts”。

答案：B

11．解析：作者的孩子上学后，跟之前上日托班会不同，故作者想“放弃”先前的作息安排。 答案：A

12．解析：作者想放弃之前的作息安排是为了能让孩子有充足的“睡眠”。 答案：C

13．解析：根据后文的解释可知，这里指越早改变“越好”。 答案：D

14．解析：前文讲越早改变越好，这里进一步从反面讲，越晚“改变”，面临的困难就越大。 答案：B

答案：B

16．解析：这里表假设，故选if。 答案：D

17．解析：前面建议提早调整睡觉时间，故这里是指不要“等到”开学前最后一晚才要求改变睡觉时间。

答案：C

18．解析：这里是指他们开始早“起”。 答案：A

19．解析：孩子是在家里睡觉的，故这里指不要让现代化的“家庭”生活影响他们的睡眠。 答案：B

20．解析：睡觉前需要关“灯”，这样就不影响孩子的睡眠了。关掉water(水)、machines(机器)和gas(煤气)，不符合语境。故选lights。

答案：D

第三节 语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Every Friday means a trip to a senior nursing home downtown. During every second I spent in the nursing home, I realized the 1.________(important) of my action.Every week，I walked around the dining hall，and one person after another invited me 2.________ (have) a talk.One woman, who happily said that we shared 3.________same first name, shared some of her interesting stories with me.She told me something 4.________inspired me to visit the nursing home 5.________(regular)．She said，“You\'re the only person I am able to tell this to.You\'ll come back next week，right？”She proudly showed me some postcards 6.________(send)by her children and she would tell me the stories of them.Of course，not all of the conversations were 7.________(enjoy)．When she talked to me about how her 13-year-old daughter would graduate from middle school this year，I just nodded 8.________(do)nothing.Because I knew her daughter 9.________(graduate)from middle school decades before.

10．________I could not add more years to the lives of these elderly people，I could give them something simple.I made them know that in this fast-paced world，they were rememberd.And

we，young people，still cared about them and were there for them.

语篇解读：作者每周五的老人护理中心之行，让那些老人们感受到年轻人对他们的关怀。 1．解析：考查名词。根据句意，我意识到我的行为的重要性。故用名词形式。 答案：importance

4．解析：考查定语从句。先行词是不定代词，并在定语从句中作主语，故用that引导。 答案：that

5．解析：考查副词。修饰动词visit，故要用副词形式。 答案：regularly

6．解析：考查非谓语动词。send与postcard之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。 答案：sent

7．解析：考查形容词。此处用形容词作表语。 答案：enjoyable

8．解析：考查非谓语动词。I与do之间是主动关系，故要用现在分词作伴随状语。 答案：doing

9．解析：考查动词。根据句意，因为我知道她的女儿数十年前就从中学毕业了。graduate这个动作发生在know之前，故用过去完成时。

答案：had graduated

10．解析：考查连词。根据句意，尽管我不能增加这些老人的寿命，但是我可以给他们一些简单的东西。

答案：Although 第四节 短文改错

My biggest problem is that I\'m too busy. When I am young, I used to have so much time, and these days I get up early and stay in school all day. Then I go right to home and eat dinner. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time play games with my friends, but I just don\'t have time anymore. In the evening, I used to watch TV or chatted with my grandma, but

now I has to study. I love music, and my father used to take me to concert. These days, I hardly ever have time with concerts. I do my homework and go to bed. I real miss the old days!

答案：

My biggest problem is that I\'m too busy. When I am young, I used to have so much time, and

was

but

these days I get up early and stay in school all day. Then I go right to＼ home and eat dinner. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time play games with my friends, but I

playing

just don\'t have ∧ time anymore. In the evening, I used to watch TV or chatted with my grandma,

the

chat

but now I has to study. I love music, and my father used to take me to concert. These days, I

have

concerts

hardly ever have time with concerts. I do my homework and go to bed. I real miss the old days!

for

really

第五处：have后加the 前一句表明自己有足够多的时间做游戏，可推知此句中所表示的时间是特指概念。

第六处：chatted→chat 此处chat应与watch形式保持一致。 第七处：has→have 主语为I，应用have。 第八处：concert→concerts 此处表示泛指用复数。 第九处：with→for have time for...“有时间去做……”。 第十处：real→really 此处应用副词修饰动词miss。

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