英文病例汇报常用体格检查术语

英文病例汇报常用体格检查术语

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1、肋骨和软组织[ribs and soft tissure] ?胸骨上切迹[suprasternal notch] ?浮肋[free ribs] ?胸壁[chest wall]

?扁平（桶状、佝偻、漏头、鸡）胸[flat (barrel,rachitic, funnel, pigeon) chest] ?皮下气肿[subcutaneous emphysema] ?捻发音[Crepitus]

?佝偻病串珠[rachitic rosary] ?软骨病[chondrosteoma] ?脂肪瘤[lipoma]

?软骨发育不全[achondroplasia (chondrodysplasia)] ?软组织损伤[soft tissue injury]

?肋骨畸形[abnormality of the ribs(rib deformity, costal anomaly)] ?肋骨串珠（错位）[beading (displacement) of rib] ?肋软骨畸形[costochondral deformity] ?肋软骨增生[costal cartilage hyperplasia] ?肋下切口[subcostal incision]

?肋间隙宽（窄）[wide (narrow) intercostal space] 2、乳房[breast] ?对称性[symmetry]

?乳头内陷（内缩）[crater (retracted) nipple] ?乳头皱裂[cracked nipple]

?乳头偏斜（抬高）[nipple skewness(elevation)] ?乳头溢液[nipple discharge]

?乳头脓肿（溃疡、血肿）[abscess (ulcer, hematoma) of nipple] ?乳头过小[hypomastia] ?乳斑[milk spots] ?乳房潮红[breast flush] ?乳房出血[mastorrhagia]

?乳房过早发育[premature thelarche]

?乳房肿胀（脓肿）[mammary swelling(abscess)] ?乳房湿疹[eczema mammae]

?乳房下垂[mastoptosis (pendulous breast)] ?乳房萎缩[mastatrophy] ?巨乳[macromastia] ?乳晕[mammary areola]

?乳房硬化[zaranthan]医.学.全.在线.网.站.提供 ?异常泌乳[abnormal lactation] ?男子女性化乳房[gynecomastism]

?乳房皮肤红肿[erythroswelling of mammary skin] ?乳房桔皮征[mammary orange-peel sign] ?乳记局限性凹陷[mammary localized pitting]

?乳房瘘管[breast fistula]

?正常女性乳房[normal female breasts] ?无压痛性肿块[nontender mass] 3、肺[lung]

?呼吸缓慢（急促）[bradypnea (tachypnea)] ?呼吸浅慢（深快）[hypopnea (hyperpnea)] ?呼吸不规则[irregular respiration] ?点头呼吸[nodding breathing] ?端坐呼吸[orthopnea]

?三凹征[retraction sign of three fossae] ?叹息样呼吸[sighing respiration] ?浅快[shallow and rapid]

?呼（吸）气性呼吸困难[expiratory (inspiratory) dyspnea]

?呼吸道烧伤（塌陷）[burn (collapse) of respiratory tract(airway)] ?呼吸道阻塞[respiratory tract obstruction]

?呼吸均匀（呼吸加深或加快）[eupnea(exaggerated or acclerated respiratory)] ?呼吸停止[apnea]

?呼吸费力[respiration is labored]

?语音（触觉）震颤[vocal (tactile) fremitus]

?语颤相等（减弱、增强）[vocal fremitus is equal(diminished, accentuated)] ?间接（直接）叩诊[mediate (immediate) percussion]

? 浊（实、鼓、清、过清、金属）音[dullness (flatness, tympany, vesicular resonance, hyperresonance, bell)]

?移动范围[range of movement]医学.全.在线.网.站.提供

? 呼吸音消失（减弱，增强）[absence (diminution, exaggeration) of breath sound] ?呼吸音粗（清）[sound of breath(SOB) is rough (clear)]

?支气管（支气管肺泡，肺泡）音[bronchophony (bronchovesicular sound, vesicular sound)] ?管状呼吸音[tubular breath sound] ?捻发音[crepitantrales] ?爆裂音[crackles]

?干（湿）罗音[dry (moist) rales]

?细（中等、粗）罗音[fine (medium, coarse) rales] ?呼（吸）气未罗音[end-inspiratory (expiratory) rales] ?胸膜摩擦音[pleural friction rub]

?呼（吸）气延长[prolonged inspiratory (expiratory)]

?高（低）调鼾音[sibilant (sonorous) rhonchi (sonorous rales)] ?哨笛音[sibilant rales] ?哮鸣音[wheezing]

?小（中、大）水泡音[small(middle, big) bubbles] ?支气管语音[bronchophony] ?耳语音[whispered] ?羊鸣音[egophony]

?高（低）音调[high (low)-pitched]

?两肺部（右背部）[over both lung fields (right back)]

?两（左）肺底[over the both (left) lower lung] ?整个肺野[the whole lung field]

?左（右）上（下）肺[the left (right) upper (lower) lung] ?肺尖（底）[apex (base) of lung] 4、心脏[Heart]

?用手掌（指尖）触诊心尖搏动[palpate apical area with palm(fingertips)] ?心前区隆起（凹陷）[precordial bulge (retraction)] ?搏动弥漫（局限）[diffuse (local) pulsation] ?负性搏动[inward inpulse]

?心尖搏动[apex beat (apical impulse)] ?剑突下搏动[xiphoideusalpulsaton] ?抬举性心尖搏动[heaving apex impulse]

?心尖搏动最强点[point of maximal impulse (PMI)] ?锁骨中线[mid-calvicular line (MCL)] ?肋间[intercostal space (ICS)]

?收缩（舒张）期震颤[systolic (diastolic) thrill] ?心浊音界[the border of cardiac dullnes]

?心绝对（相对）浊音界扩大（缩小）[enlarged (diminished) absolute (relative) cardiac dullness]

?叩诊心脏大小正常[heart size is normal on (to) percussion]

?心脏向左（右）扩大[cardiac dilation (enlargement) to the left (right)] ?第1（2、3、4）心音[S1(S2,S3,S4)]

?第1心音增强（减弱，听不清）[first heart sound is exaggerate (decreased, muffled)] ?生（病）理性杂音（分裂）[physiologic (pathological) murmur (splitting)]

?生理性（固定、反常、逆）分裂[physiologic (fixed, paradoxical, reversed) splitting] ?肺动脉瓣第2心音>(=，<)主动脉瓣第2心音[P2>(=，<)A2] ?大炮音[connon sound]

?心音消失[heart sound is absent (disapeared)]

?心音增强（减弱）[accentuated (diminished) cardiac sound] ?心音响亮（遥远）[cardiac sound is loud (distant)]

?收缩期（舒张期，连续性）杂音[systolic (diastolic, continuous) murmur] ?收缩（舒张）前（中、晚）期杂音[pre-(mid-, post) systolic (diastolic) murmur] ?全收缩期的[holosystolic(pansystolic)] ?全舒张期的[holodiastolic (pandiastolic)] ?低（高）音调[low (high) pitched]

?递减（递增，递减-递增）性杂音[decrescendo (crescendo, decrescendo-crescendo)murmur] ?呈喷射型[be ejection in type]

?Ⅳ级喷射型收缩期杂音[grade Ⅳ(I-Ⅳ/6) systolic ejection murmur] ?吹风样杂音[murmur of puffing character] ?低音调隆隆样[low-pitched rumbling quality] ?柔和（粗糙）的[soft (harsh or rough)]

?吹风样（喷射性、隆隆样、沙沙声样、搔抓声样、机器声样、汽笛声样、倒水声样）杂音[blowing (ejection, rumbling, rustting, scratching, machinary, whistling, pouring )murmur]

?功能性（器质性）杂音[functional (organic) murmur] ?血管（静脉）杂音[vascular (venous) murmur] ?枪击音[pistol shot sound]医学全.在线网.站.提供 ?静脉营营音[venous hum] ?奔马律[gallop rhythm] ?胎心律[embryocardia]

?心律齐（不齐）[regular (irregular) rhythm] ?心律不齐[arrhythmia]

?二（三）联律[bigeminy (trigeminy)] ?早搏[premature (extrasystol)] ?喀嗽音[click]

?钟摆律[pendular rhythm]

?二尖瓣开瓣音[mitral opening snap] ?心包摩擦音[pericardial friction sound] ?听诊[on auscultation]

?二尖瓣（主瓣，肺瓣，三尖瓣）听诊区[mitral (aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid) valve area] ?心包叩击音[pericardial knock] ?肿瘤扑落音[tumor plop] 5、腹部[abdomen]

?腹（妊娠）纹[abdominal striae (striaegravidarum)] ?腹膨隆[abdominal distention (prominence)] ?腹平坦（凹陷）[abdominal flatness (retraction)]

?蛙状（球状、舟状）腹[frog(bulbous, scaphoid) belly (abdomen)] ?腹围增大[increased abdominal girth] ?肠型[intestinal pattern] ?梯形腹[ladder-shaped abdomen]

?胃（小肠）蠕动波[gastric (intestinal) peristaltic wave] ?静脉曲张[varicosity (dilated tortuous vein)] ?疤痕[scar]

?腹壁紧张（松驰）[guarding (abdominal muscular relaxation)] ?腹壁切口（创伤）[incision (wound) of abdominal wall] ?腹部分区[abdominal region]

?左（右）上（下）腹[left (right) upper (lower) quadrant] ?脐膨出[projection of the umbilicus]

?腹式呼吸[abdominal (diaphragmatic) breathing] ?腹壁松弛[lax abdominal wall]

?肝肿大[hepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver)] ?脾肿大[splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen)] ?右肋下5厘米[5 cm below the right costal margin] ?肿块（肝）质硬[firm mass (liver)] ?莫菲氏征[murphy`s sigh]

?肌卫现象[muscle guarding (tension)] ?反跳痛[rebound tenderness]

?压痛点[tenderness point]

?剑突下压痛[tenderness beneath the xiphoid process] ?麦氏点压痛[McBurney`s point tenderness]

?腹肌强直（板状腹，板样强直）[rigor of abdominal muscle (wooden belly, board-like rigidity)]

?柔韧感[dough kneeding sensation]医学.全在线www.med126.com ?波动感[fluctuation]

?腹股沟疝[inguinofemoral hernia] ?腹壁反射[abdominal reflex] ?腹水征[sign of ascites] ?膀胱肿大[bladder expansion]

?膀胱区（脊肋角）压痛[tenderness of bladder region (costovertebral angle)] ?肾（肝）区叩击病[percussion tenderness on kidney (liver) region] ?移动性浊音[shifting dullness] ?鼓音[tympany(tampanitic resonance)]

?肝（脾）浊音区[hepatic (splenic)dullness area]

?肠鸣音正常（亢进、减弱、消失）[normal (hyperactive, diminished, absent) bowel sound] ?气过水声[gurgling]

?振水声[succusion (splashing) sound]

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