高中英语Module2FantasyLiteraturePhilipPullmanSectionⅢGrammar_动词_ing形式作状语教学案外研版选修6

Module 2 Fantasy Literature Philip Pullman Section Ⅲ

Grammar-动词-ing形式作状语

语法图解

探究发现

①Will, still watching, saw the cat behave curiously.

②When it had gone past he crossed the road, keeping his eyes on the spot where the cat had been investigating.

③While sitting by a pool, Ferdinand sees a frog.

④Before leaving his kingdom, he calls his son to him.

⑤Not knowing her address, I can't write to her to express my gratitude.

⑥Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.

[我的发现]

(1)六个例句中的动词-ing形式的逻辑主语都是句子的主语。

(2)由例句⑤可知，动词-ing形式的否定式是在-ing形式前面加not。

(3)在例句③中，动词-ing形式短语前用while，为了强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生；在例句④中，动词-ing形式短语前用before，为了强调在谓语动词的动作之前发生。

(4)由例句⑥可知，动词-ing 形式的完成式为having_done。

一、基本用法

动词-ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一个动作(即动词-ing形式与主语在逻辑上存在主动关系)，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬，它可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相对应的状语从句或and引导的并列句。

1．动词-ing形式作时间状语，多置于句首，也可置于句末。

Hearing the good news, they went wild with joy.

听到这个消息，他们高兴得发了狂。

Shopping in the mall, I came across my former classmate, Tom.

当我在商场购物时，我遇见了以前的同学汤姆。

[即时演练1] 句型转换

①When she saw nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.

→Seeingnobodyathome,_she decided to leave them a note.

②Arriving home, he found the door locked.

→Whenhearrivedhome,_he found the door locked.

③When she arrived at the party, she found all the people gone.

→Onarriving at the party, she found all the people gone.

2．动词-ing形式作原因状语，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。

Getting up late, he missed his early train.

由于起床晚了，他没有赶上早班火车。

Not knowing how to deal with the difficult situation, he turned to his teacher for help.

因为不知道如何应对这个困难的情况，他向老师求助。

[即时演练2] 用所给词的适当形式填空

①Knowing (know) the place very well, I acted as their guide.

②Being (be) anxious about his child's safety, he couldn't fall asleep.

③(福建高考改编) Pressed from his parents, and realizing (realize) that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.

3．动词-ing形式作条件状语，多置于句首。

Turning to the right at the second crossing, you will see the post office right before you.

在第二个十字路口向右拐，你会看到邮局就在你前面。

Being more careful, you will make fewer mistakes.

更细心点，你就会少犯错误。

[即时演练3]

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

①Working_(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed.

②Seeing (see) from the top of tower, you will get a good view.

③(北京高考改编)Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping (keep) on your feet.

(2)完成句子

①Reading_carefully (仔细阅读), you'll learn something new.

②Playing_all_day (整天玩), you will waste your valuable time.

4．动词-ing形式作让步状语，多置于句首。

Being poor, the old man was happy.

虽然穷，但老人很幸福。

Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me.

尽管知道我住哪里，他从来也没有来看我。

[即时演练4] 句型转换

①Although they played well, they lost the game.

→Playingwell,_they lost the game.

②Knowing that it was dangerous, she walked home by herself.

→She walked home by herself, althoughsheknewthatitwasdangerous.

5．动词-ing形式作结果状语，多置于句末。

The boy fell off his bike, breaking his left arm.

男孩从他的自行车上摔了下来，弄折了他的左胳膊。

He ran all the way, reaching the school out of breath.

他跑了一路，到达学校时上气不接下气。

[名师点津] 动词-ing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。而不定式作结果状语则表示出乎意料的结果，且常与only 连用。

[即时演练5] 用所给词的适当形式填空

①I built all my hopes on his promises, only to_find (find) that he was not an honest person.

②The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, thus making (make) it one of the best-sellers at that time.

③(湖南高考改编)The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing (bath) the mountain in golden light.

6．动词-ing形式作方式或伴随状语，多置于句末，也可置于句首。

Laughing and talking, they went back home.

他们有说有笑，回到了家。

He sat at the table, reading a magazine.

他坐在桌子旁，读着一本杂志。

[即时演练6]

(1)句型转换

①All the students sat in the classroom, and waited for their new teacher.

→All the students sat in the classroom, waitingfortheirnewteacher.

②The young man held a torch in his hand, and climbed up to the top of the clock tower.

→Holdingatorchinhishand,_the young man climbed up to the top of the clock tower.

(2)按要求改写句子

①They all stood there, and watched closely as the magician did the tricks.(用动词-ing形式作状语)

They_all_stood_there,_watching_closely_as_the_magician_did_the_tricks.

②All the students paid their attention to what their teacher said, taking notes carefully.(改为并列句)

All_the_students_paid_their_attention_to_what_their_teacher_said_and_took_n otes_carefully.

二、动词-ing形式短语前可用连词，有时可用介词或副词

1．为了使动词-ing形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when, while, before, after, if, unless, though/although 等)。

Don't talk while having dinner (while you are having dinner)．

吃饭时不要说话。

Though working hard, he couldn't earn enough money to pay off his debt.

尽管努力工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。

2．动词-ing形式短语前可用介词on/upon，表示“一……就……”。

On hearing the news, all the pupils jumped with joy.

一听到这个消息，所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。

3．为了强调结果，可在动词-ing形式前加副词thus。

The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.

公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。

[即时演练7] 句型转换

①While reading the book, he fell asleep.

→While hewasreadingthebook,_he fell asleep.

②As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he went to visit his uncle.

→On/Uponarriving in Beijing, he went to visit his uncle.

③He dropped the glass onto the ground, and as a result broke it into pieces.

→He dropped the glass onto the ground, thusbreaking it into pieces.

三、动词-ing形式的否定式和完成式

1．动词-ing形式的否定式通常在-ing形式前加否定词not。

She was puzzled, not knowing what had happened.

她迷惑了，不知道发生了什么。

2．动词-ing形式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。

Having finished the letter, he folded it and put it into the envelope.

写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。

[即时演练8] 用所给词的适当形式填空

①Not_understanding (not understand) English, he didn't know what the two Englishmen wanted.

②Not_believing (not believe) what they said, he wanted to look into the matter himself.

Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空

1．Not_recognizing (not recognize) the voice, he refused to give the person his address.

2．Being (be) so angry, he couldn't go to sleep.

3．Holding (hold) guns, the soldiers rushed out.

4．The children went out of the school talking (talk) and laughing (laugh)．5．The fish can eat a man in a few minutes, leaving (leave) only the bones.

6．Walking (walk) along the valley, we came across a large cave.

7．On/Upon arriving (arrive) at the lab, she got down to work.

8．Having_finished (finish) reading the letter, he decided to write a reply.

9．Arriving (arrive) at the building site, she found them busy laying bricks.

10．When leaving (leave) the airport, they waved again and again to us.

Ⅱ.完成句子

1．(2015·天津高考改编)Having_worked_for_two_days (工作了两天之后), Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.

2．(2015·重庆高考改编) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way using_the_sun_and_the_stars (借助太阳和星星)．

3．Hearing_the_bad_news (听到这个坏消息), Mary felt very sad.

4．The fire lasted nearly five days, leaving_nothing_valuable (没有剩下什么

值钱的东西)．

5．You must be careful when_crossing_the_street (过马路的时候)．

6．Although_working_hard_from_morning_till_night (虽然从早到晚地拼命干), his father didn't get enough food.

7．Looking_around_the_room (环顾房间), the father was very surprised and very angry.

8．The pop star walked out of the stage, waving_her_hands (挥手) elegantly to her crazy fans.

Ⅲ.短文改错

A young man stopped at a flowers shop to order some flowers for his mother whom lived two hundred miles away. As he got out of his car he saw a young girl crying. He asked her what was wrongly with her. She said she wants to buy a red rose for my mother, but she had no money. Hear this, the man bought her a rose and ordered his own mother's flowers. As they were leaving he offered her with a ride home. She directed him to a grave where her mother buried. Seeing this, the man returned to a flower shop, canceled the order, bought many flowers but drove the two hundred miles to his mother's house.

答案：第一句：第一个fl owers→flower; whom→who

第三句：wrongly→wrong

第四句：wants→wanted; my→her

第五句：Hear→Hearing

第六句：去掉with

第七句：mother后加was

第八句：a→the; but→and

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