大学英语精读第三册lesson 15 a drink in the passage

Lesson 15

A Drink in the PassageAlan Paton

Key wordsavert, constrained, embarrassing, exhibit, expel, insoluble, nationwide, omit, personage, renounce, reprimand, salute, segregate, slumped, suspend

1. avert vt.防止，避免I would do what I could to avert it. 我会尽力去避免发生这种情况。 Efforts are being made to avert war and find a diplomatic solution. 各方正在为避免战争、寻求外交解决 途径而作出积极的努力。 aversion (n.) avertable=avertible (adj.)可避开的 ，可防止的

2. constrained adj.拘泥的We feel quite free and easy with him, not in the least constrained. 跟他在一起很随便，一点儿也不拘束。 The mahjong players, embarrassed by the silence, felt constrained to break it.

打牌的人们不能不说话了，静默得已经很难 堪。 constrain v. 强迫； 强使； 限制； 约束 Women are too often constrained by family commitments and by low expectations. 女性往往受到家庭责任和低期望值的束缚。

3. embarrassing adj.使人尴尬的，令人为难的That was an embarrassing situation for me. 那种情形让我难堪。 His jokes didn't even raise a smile, which was embarrassing. 听了他讲的笑话，都没人笑一下，真是太尴尬了。 I was in the embarrassing position of having completely forgotten her name. 当时我完全忘记了她的名字，很是尴尬。 Having lost my money, I was in an embarrassing position. 我丟了钱，处境很窘。

embarrass v.

embarrassment n.

4. exhibit v. 陈列，展览； 呈现； 证明 His work was exhibited in the best galleries in America, Europe and Asia. 他的作品在美洲、欧洲和亚洲最好的美 术馆展出。 exhibition n. Five large pieces of the wall are currently on exhibition in London. 那堵墙的5块大碎片眼下正在伦敦展出。

5. expel v.驱逐； 赶走； 把…除名； 排出(气体等)

expelled, expelled Gas is expelled from the lung into the atmosphere. 气体从肺部排出到大气中。 The headmaster may expel the boy from the school. 校长可能要把那个男孩从学校开除。 They were told at first that they should simply expel the refugees. 一开始有人告诉他们应该直接将那些难民驱 逐出境。

6. insoluble adj.不能解决的，不溶的I pushed the problem aside; at present it was insoluble. 我把问题抛在一边，目前它还无法解决。 It was an insoluble dilemma and one which I could do nothing about. 那是个无法解决的两难局面,我无计可施。 Carotenes胡萝卜素are insoluble in water and soluble in oils and fats. 胡萝卜素不溶于水,但可溶于油类和脂肪。

7. nationwide adj.全国范围的； 全国性的

The rising number of car crimes is a nationwide problem. 汽车犯罪数量不断飙升是全国性的问 题。 a nationwide activity a nationwide campaign the nationwide strike

8. omit v. 省略； 遗漏； 删掉If you omit something, you do not include it

in an activity or piece of work, deliberately or accidentally. omitted, omitted Don't omit locking [to lock] the door. 别忘了锁门。 I'll not wish to omit this valuable book from my reading. 我可不愿在自己的阅读书目中漏掉这本有价 值的书。

9. personage n.人，(尤指)要人，名人 He is fast becoming a personage. 他很快成为名人。 Shakespeare's famous personages 莎士比亚笔下的著名人物 同: somebody, VIP She is somebody.

10. renounce v. 宣布放弃；放弃，抛弃； 拒绝，否认

If you renounce a belief or a way of behaving, you decide and declare publicly that you no longer have that belief or will no longer behave in that way. After a period of imprisonment she renounced terrorism. 在被囚禁一段时间之后，她宣布放弃恐怖主 义。 He renounced the French throne. 他正式放弃对法国王位的继承权。

11. reprimand n./v. 训斥； 惩戒； 谴责His boss gave him a reprimand for being late. 他的老板因他迟到而训了他一顿。 The reprimand had not been recorded in the official files. 这一谴责并未记录于官方的档案。 He was reprimanded by the teacher for eating in the classroom. 他因为在教室里吃东西受到了老师的斥责。

12. salute n./ v.致意,敬礼,打招呼I stood to attention and saluted. 我立正敬礼。 Merchant ships salute each other by dipping the flag. 商船互相点旗致敬。 He raised his hand in salute. 他举手致意。 The Queen's birthday was honored by a 21-gun salute. 鸣二十一响礼炮庆祝女王的生日。

13. segregate v.隔离并区别对待(不同种 族、宗教或性别的人) It is the government's policy to segregate black people from white. 把黑人和白人隔离开是政府的政策. segregation n. racial segregation

14. slumped adj.大幅度下降的，暴跌的； 沉重 或突然地落下的[倒下的]

slump v. /n. Net profits slumped by 41%. 净利润暴跌了 41%。 He is very tired so he slumped into a chair. 他非常累，所以一屁股坐在椅子上。 a slump in property prices 房地产价格的暴跌

15. suspend v.暂停； 延缓； 暂停； 悬浮The union suspended strike action this week. 这周工会暂停了罢工。 The committee decided to suspend her license as her explanation did not hold water. 由于她的解释一点也站不住脚,委员会决定终止她的牌照. Balloons suspend easily in the air. 气球容易浮在空中。 辨析：postpone: 正式用词，语气较强，多指有安排的延 期，常指明延期到一定的时间。 suspend: 指暂时中断以待某种条件的实现。 suspend the project/classes/experiment

黑人和白人婴儿对 坐着， 带出种族平 等讯息。

About the authorAlan Paton (1903-1988) was born in Pietermaritzburg[ pi:t mæritsb : [地名] ɡ] [南非共和国] 彼得马里茨堡, South Africa. Owing to the influence of his father, a Scot who had emigrated to South Africa , h

e kept an interest in books and nature throughout his life, two passions which figure prominently in his work. Paton’s most famous novel is Cry, the Beloved Country, which was published in 1984, and by the time he died ,it had sold over 15 million copies.

His WorksCry, the Beloved Country One of the most famous novels to come out of South Africa, Paton’s 1948 work brought to the notice of the world. It brought worldwide attention to the tragedy of apartheid.

The Union of South Africa and Apartheid种族隔离The Union of South Africa: It was created on May 31, 1910 as a dominion of the British Empire. On May 31, 1961, the country became a republic and known as the “Republic of South Africa”. The Dutch descendants in South Africa were known as Boers or Afrikaners, speaking a Dutch dialect known as Afrikaans.

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