西城区2015-2016学年度高二第二学期外语期末试卷及答案

北京市西城区2014-2015学年下学期高二年级期末考试英语试卷

试卷满分：140分考试时间：120分钟

Ⅰ卷选择题

Ⅰ卷 选择题

Ⅰ. 听力理解(共三节，满分22.5分)

第一节(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分)

听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。

1. What does Mary look like?

A. She has long hair. B. She has short hair. C. She has shoulder-length hair.

2. What music does the man like?

A. Folk. B. Jazz. C. Classical.

3. Who will make the tea?

A. Henry. B. Lucy. C. Adele.

4. Where are the two speakers?

A. In a hospital. B. At a restaurant. C. On a bus.

第二节(共6小题;每小题1.5分，满分9分)

听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。

听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。

5. What are the speakers talking about?

A. Watching a movie. B. Making a poster. C. Writing a story.

6. When will they meet?

A. 4:15. B. 4:25. C. 4:30.

听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。

7. How does the woman feel?

A. Comfortable. B. Energetic. C. Unsatisfied.

8. What might be the relationship between the speakers?

A. Manager and customer. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient.

听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。

9. What is the woman going to do tomorrow?

A. Go to church. B. Make cookies. C. Draw some pictures.

10. What does the man like best about going to church?

A. The windows. B. The bands. C. The singing.

(听力理解第三节见试卷第II卷)

Ⅱ. 单项填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

11. I can’t remember exactly when I visited _________ museum. I only remember it was _________ Sunday.

A. a; the B. the; a C. 不填; a D. a; 不填

12. —Tom, why don’t we help our son work on his paper?

—We can’t help him all the time. He _________ learn to depend on himself.

A. would B. could C. should D. might

13. Lily checked the dress she _________ again to make sure that it would stand out.

A. would design B. is designing C. has designed D. had designed

14. _________ was determined at the meeting is that the government will develop a new educational system.

A. What B. How C. When D. That

15. —Is it convenient if I come to see you at 6:00 this evening?

—I’m afraid not. I _________ dinner then.

A. have B. have had C. will be having. D. will have had

16. He is very humorous, while his brother is rather serious. That is _________ their difference lies.

A. why B. where C. how D. when

17. If people _________ the environment so badly in the past, the climate would be better now.

A. don’t destroy B. didn’t destroy

C. haven’t destroyed D. hadn’t destroyed

18. Communicating can, to some extent, reduce _________ between family members.

A. approval B. tendency C. tension D. attention

19. We hope to become more _________ in predicting earthquakes to avoid a lot of damage.

A. accurate B. appropriate C. abrupt D. athletic

20. —I’m sorry I stepped on your foot; it was an accident.

—It wasn’t! You did it _________.

A. in vain B. on purpose C. in advance D. at random

Ⅲ. 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I’d known since early childhood that I was adopted (收养). 21 I was 10, I finally asked my adoptive parents, “Why didn’t my parents 22 me?”

“Your parents were unmarried college students,” Mom said. “They couldn’t 23 you, so they gave you up for adoption.” She 24 looked at me and pulled me close. “John, you are here by choice, not 25 . We walked into the adoption agency and saw you and knew

you were the one who was 26 us.” My adoptive parents loved me as completely as any parents ever loved a child.

Twenty years later, I married Kristi, my life’s other love, and started a 27 Afterwards, I got a sales job at a car dealership.

I tried on and off to 28 my birth parents. By 2011 I had nearly given up on my dream of finding my birth parents. I just got a job 29 general sales manager of a Lexus dealership. One day in my second week there I was sitting at my desk,

drinking. My personal cell phone rang. “John,” Kristi said, “the adoption agency called about your adoption. A family is trying to reach you.”

Oh ... My eyes burned with 30 I’d given up the search, but my birth parents hadn’t.

Three days later, on Mother’s Day 2011, Jim and Kitty, my birth parents, arrived in Denver. I went to their hotel to meet them. I moved the dozen 31 I’d bought for Kitty to one hand and knocked. The door flew 32 Kitty reached me first. She took my face in her hands and 33 at me, refusing to let go. “I remember those eyes,” she said.

We spent the rest of the day together. We must have taken a thousand pictures.

Later, back home I thought of my adoptive 34 My dad died a few years ago, but my mom is still alive. I told that to her. “They’re great people,” I said, “but you’re 35 my mom. You and Dad raised me, and you did a great job.”

21. A. Since B. Though C. If D. When

22. A. get B. keep C. help D. bring

23. A. love B. stop C. understand D. support

24. A. seriously B. weakly C. politely D. happily

25. A. by touch B. by necessity C. by chance D. by force

26. A. filled with B. meant for C. designed for D. supplied with

27. A. school B. family C. trip D. store

28. A. visit B. appoint C. locate D. demand

29. A. like B. as C. except D. with

30. A. tears B. feelings C. pity D. anger

31. A. invitations B. messages C. goods D. roses

32. A. close B. noisy C. open D. loose

33. A. laughed B. shouted C. glanced D. stared

34. A. kids B. relatives C. parents D. friends

35. A. still B. then C. yet D. even

Ⅳ. 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A

Every morning, some people may have the habit of watching the astrological (占星术的)advice on the TV news before they go to work. When reading magazines, some people might first go to the section on astrological predictions to determine what’s in store for them in the coming day, week or month. This interest in astrology is especially strong at the beginning of a new year. Immediately before a new year, many astrological experts are making predictions and giving advice. It seems that astrology is gaining popularity, but how popular is astrology and is it actually trustworthy?

According to a study by searchterms. com, the word astrology is the most searched topic on the Internet, and a search for astrology on Google will bring up

nearly two million websites. A study by the newspaper USA Today shows that a third of all Americans believe in astrology and spend almost $100 million a year on it. More surprisingly, the fastest-growing group of believers in America is made up of managers and professionals. No wonder Donald Regan, former White House Chief of Staff, said, “It’s common knowledge that a large percentage of Wall Street brokers use astrology.”

The most famous astrologer is Nostradamus. Long ago, he correctly predicted events such as the Second World War, the killing of U. S. President John F. Kennedy, and most recently, the attack on the World Trade Center. Another famous astrologer, Frau Elsbeth Ebertin, accurately predicted that Adolph Hitler would become Führer—the leader after she was given Hitler’s birth chart. In fact, Hitler himself was a believer in astrology. It’s thought that he used an astrologer throughout the Second World War. The wife of former

American president Ronald Reagan, Nancy, was also a firm believer in astrology. She employed an astrologer to ask about President Reagan’s future safety after the president was shot.

Though some people may consider astrology superstitious (迷信的), others think it is both a science and an art. Since the moon has an effect on the ocean, and 75 percent of the human body is made up of water, it is reasonable to say that

astrology, a study of the stars, may affect humans as well. Therefore, if viewed in this way, astrology may be believable and it is easy to see why it is so popular.

36. What is the main idea of the article?

A. More and more people, especially stars, are interested in astrology.

B. Astrology is becoming popular and has some basis in science.

C. Famous astrologers can predict events correctly.

D. People should use astrology every day.

37. Which of the following events was NOT predicted by Nostradamus?

A. The terrorist attack on the World Trade Center.

B. The killing of President Kennedy.

C. The outbreak of World War Ⅱ.

D. The birth of Führer Hitler.

38. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Astrology is one of the most popular topics on the Internet.

B. Astrology can help change people’s lives for the better.

C. Only a few Wall Street brokers use astrology.

D. Most of Americans believe in astrology.

39. The author tends to think astrology is _________.

A. boring B. puzzling C. believable D. strange B

If you want to write a movie script (脚本) yourself but don’t know how, what would you do? The following can be of some help to you.

There are only three parts necessary in a script: the Scene Heading, the Visual Exposition and the Dialogue.

The Scene Heading begins with either “EXT.” or “INT.”. EXT. shows that the scene takes place outdoors, while INT. is used when the scene takes place indoors, for example, inside a room. After that, the exact place of the scene is given, such as “HOTEL ROOM.” The last thing that must be mentioned is whether it is NIGHT or DAY.

The Visual Exposition is a description of the action or movement that takes place on the screen, and should include ONLY what you would see if you were watching the screen. For the first time, and only the first time, a character appears in the script, the name is capitalized (大写), and should be followed by a short description that includes age and build, for example:

The Dialogue follows the Visual Exposition. Each character’s name should be capitalized in the center of the page, followed by the words that are to be spoken on the next line. Do not include any description of feelings before the lines of dialogue. If you consider it necessary to show a character gives a line in a certain

way, for example, “angrily,” this should be included in the Visual Exposition above the lines, such as, “Cynthia’s face shows her anger.” But remember, Visual Exposition should ONLY show action we can see.

40. In a script the Scene Heading tells _________ the story takes place.

A. where and when B. at what time of a day

C. what has happened when D. on which day of the week

41. If a story takes place in a park on a Friday morning, which of the Scene Headings is right?

A. INT. FRIDAY-DAY. B. EXT. FRIDAY-NIGHT.

C. INT. PARK-NIGHT. D. EXT. PARK-DAY.

42. The Visual Exposition in a script only includes actions or movements _________.

A. that some main characters do B. that can be seen on the screen

C. that the writer of the story describes D. that happen in outdoor activities

43. Which of the following short scripts is right?

A.

EXT. JOHN’S HOUSE-DAY

There are many people talking with each other. Amy, in red dress, stands under a tree. JOHN is walking to her.

John

Hi, long time no see. Oh, you are so beautiful today! B.

INT. BEN’S ROOM-DAY

Ben is sleeping. CAROL, 12, thin, beautiful, rushes into the room because she knows they will be late.

CAROL

Ben, get up! You overslept again!

C.

INT. LIVING ROOM-DAY

It is raining outside. Daniel and Brian are watching TV. There is a glass of water on the desk.

BRIAN

Look at him! He’s dancing! D.

EXT. KITCHEN-NIGHT

Cathy is quarreling with her husband as she is cooking.

CATHY

(Angrily)

Sure! I’m mad at what you did. When are you

going to learn to think of someone beside yourself? C

Cheerleading Is a Sport

The New York Times states that cheerleading is the fastest growing girls’ sport, yet more than half of Americans do not believe it is a sport.

A sport, according to the Association of Cheerleading Coaches and Advisors, is a “physical activity against a competitor, governed by rules under which a winner is declared, and the primary purpose of the competition is a comparison of the relative skills of the participants.” Because cheerleading follows these guidelines, it is a sport.

Cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. Like gymnasts, cheerleaders must learn to do a lot of movements, such as jumping, twisting and so on. It is not rare to see cheerleaders “flying” high up into the sky and falling to be caught by the “bases” in different positions that require strength and cooperation.

Just as basketball and football have rules for competitive play, so does cheerleading. The performance has to be completed in less than three minutes and 15 seconds and the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area.

A cheerleader’s goal is to be the best. Just like gymnasts, they are awarded points for difficulty, technique, and creativity. Cheerleading is a team sport, so the performance is also awarded according to the cooperation and synchronization. That is to say, the girls need to act like one person. Otherwise, first place is out of reach.

According to the National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research,

cheerleading is the number one cause of serious sports injuries to women, which is partly because they do not wear protective equipment. However, the main reason is that cheerleading is not yet recognized as a sport by many schools, the proper equipment is not provided to ensure safety. Instead, the girls use whatever space is available. More recognition of cheerleading as a sport would decrease the number of injuries.

So why do many Americans think cheerleading is not a sport? It cannot be because cheerleaders do not use balls or other objects. Wrestling, swimming, track, skating and boxing are recognized sports that do not use balls.

Hopefully, cheerleading will become as well-known a sport as football and basketball, and even appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports.

44. What is NOT the standard for sport according to the Association of Cheerleading Coaches and Advisors?

A. Physical movement is required.

B. The number of participants is limited.

C. The aim of a sport is to beat the competitor.

D. A winner is finally decided after the competition.

45. The underlined word “synchronization” in Paragraph 5 probably means _________.

A. being creative in designing the movements

B. presenting a challenging performance

C. doing the movement at the same time

D. setting a practical competitive goal

46. Which is the main reason for more injuries to women in cheerleading according to the author?

A. Physical activities. B. Strong competition.

C. Carelessness. D. Less recognition.

47. What is the purpose of the author to write the passage?

A. To discuss the standards of a sport.

B. To introduce the sport of cheerleading.

C. To invite people to take part in cheerleading.

D. To suggest improving cheerleading equipment.

D

Consumer Behavior

“Consumer behavior” is the behavior that consumers, either people or organizations, show in seeking, purchasing, using, evaluating and disposing of (处理掉) products and services. The study of consumer behavior is the study of how people make decisions to spend their available resources on products and services.

All consumers face varying problems to which solutions are vital to the existence of most people, and the economic well-being of all. The process is complex, as choices must be made regarding what, why, how, when, where and how often to buy an item. The answers to these questions would provide companies with important input for product design improvement and marketing strategy.

The person who purchases a product is not always the only user of the product. Nor is the purchaser necessarily the person who makes the decision or pays for the product. Thus the marketplace activities of people have three functions: the consumer, the person who uses the product or service; the purchaser, the person who carries out the activities to get the product or service; and the payer, the

person who provides the money or other objects of value to obtain the product or service. Marketers must decide whom to direct their marketing efforts toward. For some products or services, they must find the person who is most likely to influence the decision. Some marketers believe that the buyer of the products is the best choice; others believe it is the user of the product, while still others play it safe by directing their promotional efforts to both buyers and users.

In addition to studying how consumers use the products they buy, consumer researchers are also interested in how people dispose of their once-new purchases when they are finished with them because the marketers must match production to the frequency with which consumers buy replacements. It is also important to society as a whole, as solid waste disposal has become a major environmental problem that marketers must address in their development of products and packaging. Many companies have begun to reproduce old components to install in new products, because reproducing is often cheaper, easier and more efficient than recycling.

48. What does “consumer behavior” study?

A. What makes people satisfied with products or services.

B. When the producers make improvement on product designs.

C. How people decide to spend money on products or services.

D. How often people purchase products or services in real life.

49. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Payers of products or services are in fact purchasers.

B. Purchasing decisions are not connected to people’s well-being.

C. Marketers agree to direct their promotional efforts to only users.

D. Planning ways of exposing products to potential consumers is marketers’ job.

50. From the passage we can learn that companies would prefer to _________.

A. make their products last a longer time

B. pay for the cost of recycling materials

C. spend more money on packaging

D. limit the choices of consumers

Ⅱ卷 非选择题

Ⅰ. 听力理解

第三节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第1题至第5题的关键信息，每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。Ⅱ. 阅读理解(共4小题;每小题2分，满分8分)

阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。

Sleepover Secrets

Sleepovers are most popular for kids from eight to fourteen. At the first sleepover party, keep the guest

list short, two or three are enough.

Everyone knows that a sleepover rarely involves much sleeping, so be prepared with lots of games, snacks and activities.

Activities

Although most preteens will keep themselves entertained, it’s a good idea to plan a few activities. Some parents like to do one major activity outside the home such as going to the movies, bowling or swimming. Not only does this add structure to the event, it should also make guests tired enough that they actually sleep!

Food

Junk food at sleepovers is a time-honored tradition, but don’t offer too much. It’s fine to have some chips, and a cake is a must, but add some fruits or vegetables so you don’t end up with a party full of stomachaches. Offer bottled water or juice instead of soda with caffeine, or they’ll never get to sleep. Sleepover guests are old enough to make their own food so consider planning a kitchen activity. Make-your-own-bars(pizza, foods, sundaes) work well for this age group.

Bedtime

When should you turn the lights out? It depends on the ages of the guests. Younger children should probably be in their sleeping bags by 10 p. m., older ones by midnight. Avoid quarrels about who sleeps next to whom by suggesting the guests arrange their sleeping bags in a starburst pattern with heads in the middle. For guests ready to go to sleep before others, consider putting them in a guest room. If this is a first sleepover, be prepared for a guest who wants to go home. Be certain you have a way to reach all the parents in case this happens. Before you call the parents, however, try to reduce the guest’s fears. A child who’s afraid of the dark may be comforted by a dim (昏暗的) night light.

1. Who is the passage written for? (不多于十个词)

______________________________________________________________________

2. What outdoor activities are suggested in the passage? (不多于七个词)

______________________________________________________________________

3. What drinks should you offer to sleepover guests? (不多于七个词)

______________________________________________________________________

4. Why should you be able to reach the parent of each guest? (不多于十个词)

______________________________________________________________________

Ⅲ. 选词填空(共7小题，每小题2分，满分14分)

用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能使用一次。

inform, unconditional, accompany, target, donate, origin, absent

1. Set yourself several _________ or goals that you can surely achieve.

2. Well, I am sorry to _________ you that the sports meeting has been put off.

3. His father won’t _________ him to school because he thinks he is old enough to be on his own.

4. Her _________ of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.

5. Do you know what the _________ name of New York was and how it got the name?

6. New schoolbags and books _________ to the village school yesterday.

7. Parents are the closest people to you in the world. They love you _________ just because you are you.

Ⅳ. 完成句子(共5小题;第1、2小题每小题2分，第3、4、5小题每小题3分，满分13分)

根据括号中所给的提示完成下列句子。

1. 我们都知道明天Mary要举行一个生日聚会。(It is known that…)

______________________________________________________________________

2. 她以前每周都去看望她的父母。(used to)

______________________________________________________________________

3. 妈妈不允许我晚上独自外出。(permit sb. to do)

______________________________________________________________________

4. 我们必须信任自己。(faith)

______________________________________________________________________

5. 吸入过多的一氧化碳(CO)会导致死亡。(result in)

______________________________________________________________________

Ⅴ. 书面表达(满分20分)

假设你是高二(1)班学生李华。最近你的英国笔友Reed在他的来信中谈到了自己对未来生活的设想，请你根据以下信息给Reed回信，向他介绍你设想的一个发明。

What do you want to invent for the future life?

What is it like?

Why do you want to invent it?

注意：1. 词数不少于60。

2. 信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Reed,

I have read your last letter about our future life. ____________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes,

Li Hua

【试题答案】 Ⅰ卷

Ⅰ. 听力理解 第一、二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A

6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C

Ⅱ. 单项填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

11. B 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C

16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B

Ⅲ. 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C

26. B 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A

31. D 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A

Ⅳ. 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. A

41. D 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. C

46. D 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A Ⅱ卷

Ⅰ. 听力理解 第三节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

1. 4 2. house 3. problem 4. death 5. power

Ⅱ. 阅读理解(共4小题;每小题2分，满分8分)

1. Parents who are going to host the (first) sleepover.

2. Going to the movies, bowling or swimming.

3. Bottled water or juice.

4. In case someone wants to go home.

Ⅲ. 选词填空(共7小题;每小题2分，满分14分)

1. targets 2. inform 3. accompany 4. absence 5. original

6. were donated 7. unconditionally

Ⅳ. 完成句子(共5小题;第1、2小题每小题2分，第3、4、5小题每小题3分，满分13分)

1. It is known that Mary will hold a birthday party tomorrow.

2. She used to visit her parents every week.

3. Mum doesn’t permit me to go out alone at night.

4. We must have faith in ourselves.

5. Breathing in too much CO will result in death.

Ⅴ. 书面表达(满分20分)

Dear Reed,

I have read your last letter about our future life. I hope in the future we can have a jet-pack to travel anywhere we want to go. It is just like our school backpack, but there is an engine inside. When we need to go to school or go for a day trip, we just carry it on our shoulders and turn it on. Then we can fly in the air. With the GPS system directing the way, we can easily reach our destination. In the future, transportation will be very different from nowadays. Everyone can have access to a jet-pack like this. I think

it will be convenient and great fun. How about you?

Best wishes,

Li Hua

听力录音材料

一、听力理解

第一节：听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。

Text 1

W: Which girl is Mary, the one with long hair or short hair?

M: Neither. Mary has shoulder-length hair.

Text 2

M: Jane, would you mind turning down the music?

W: Why? I thought you would like to listen to some music while working.

M: Yeah, but, you know, jazz and classical are not really my thing. I prefer folk.

Text 3

W: Henry, would you make some tea for Lucy and me, please?

M: Well, I’d like to, Adele, but I haven’t finished my painting.

W: Oh, look at the paint all over your hands. I will make it myself.

Text 4

W: Excuse me, sir, this is a non-smoking area.

M: Oh, sorry, I will move to the smoking area.

W: I’m afraid no table in the smoking area is available now.

第二节：听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第5至第6小题。

Text 5

M: Hey, Kala, do you know what movie the school movie club is going to play this afternoon?

W: No! Which one?

M: I saw their poster at the school gate. They are playing a science fiction movie called Artificial Intelligence.

W: Really? I know that movie. It is directed by Steven Spielberg.

M: Yes, but isn’t artificial intelligence a serious topic?

W: Sometimes, but the movie is worth watching. It is a very touching story.

M: OK, let’s go and see it.

W: When shall we go to the club, then?

M: The afternoon classes end at 4:15. The poster says the movie starts at 4:30.

W: Great! Let’s meet at the club entrance 5 minutes before the starting time.

M: OK. See you then.

听下面一段对话，回答第7至第8小题。

Text 6

W: I bought these shoes last week. But, now, the heels are coming off.

M: Oh, I am sorry...

W: I called the salesgirl yesterday. Guess what she told me. I can’t have the shoes changed!

M: Madame, I...

W: I can’t understand how you can provide such bad after-sale service.

M: Madame, calm down, please. I am sorry for the bad service you received. I am sure you can have a pair of new shoes.

W: No, I don’t think I want the shoes any more. I want to return them and get my money back.

M: As the manager, I promise you will get your money back. I do hope you get better service next time.

听下面一段对话，回答第9至第10小题。

Text 7

M: Susie, are you coming to church with us tomorrow morning?

W: I prefer to stay home with Janet. I promised to make cookies with her.

M: Do you often go to church?

W: I have never really been religious. What about you, Jerry?

M: No, not often. I love the chorus singing though.

W: Yes, me too. The singing is beautiful. When 1 visit a church, i like to look at

the colorful glass windows. The pictures on the window glass tell people religious stories.

M: You know, young people seldom go to church nowadays. In order to attract more people, some churches even invite pop bands to perform.

第三节：听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第1题至第5题的关键信息，每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。

Text 8

W/M: Good afternoon, my dear classmates. Today my presentation is about horror stories. Do you like reading horror stories? Do you know what factors make up a horror story? There are 4 factors. First, the setting, that is, the place where the story takes place. Usually a horror story is set in a remote place like an abandoned house, a dark forest or a grave yard with many tombs. Second, the characters. The characters often suffer a kind of physical or mental problem. As for the third factor, the plot, there is much about violence and death. The fourth factor is the

supernatural element. There is usually the presence of ghosts, monsters, or people with magic power. They do not exist in the real life. These factors make the readers feel their hairs stand on end while reading.

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