英语语法总结之例句1

形式宾语

一、Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world.

? To live in the world was impossible for us.( made by Insects这是昆虫作用的) 形式主语

一、It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. (1、这里的content with...是定语，be content with中的be去掉，就作定语了。

?To make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill is impossible.

二、It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. ? To realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers was hard.

过去分词做定语：

We owe a lot to the birds and beasts (who eat insects) but all of them (put together) kill only (a fraction of) the number (destroyed by spiders.)

不定式作定语： 1）The early climbers were looking for the easiest way (to the top). (1、这里的to the top 为定语，定the easiest way.——N4.lesson 3)

2）For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed. (1.这里有几点要说的，accustomed to,这里的to 是介词，后面加了V-ing； 2. to the Alps 为定语，定change, 3. Between 未必一定要加and。4、情态动词+动词原型。5、be+形容词，而没有动词+形容词 ——N4.lesson 3)

定语从句

1） Several cases have been reported in Russia recently of people who can read and detect colours

with their fingers, and even see through solid doors and walls.(1. of people…为定语，定several cases, 因为这个定语实在是太长，明显头重脚轻，所以放后面去了。2. who 引导了两句定语从句的并列，谓语为read 和see。——N4.lessson 4)

2） One case concerns an eleven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but

who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls.(1. Vera Petrova是an eleven-year-old schoolgirl的同位语，表示这就是什么什么。2.这句话有两个定语，我们看第二个定语从句，of her skin为定语，定different part. 两个介词with、through为并列介词，为动词perceive所特有的介词，用什么感知，通过什么感知了的意思——N4.lesson 4)

长句：

1）It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one

year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country. (34词。1、It has been estimated 这里是被动，后面加了一个宾语从句。2、 of all the insects 为定语，定the weight. 3、destroyed by spiders 为定语，定insects 4、would be 就是谓语啦 4、greater 为宾语，than为介词。5、of all the human beings 定语，定the total weight

2）Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements (cut off from civilization ) by the high mountains.(1.这里其实就是excet for + n, Alpine.......(主句）；2.which...定语从句，had become 为完成时态。3. cut off..为定语，定settlements 4. be impoverished 为被动，这个被动不是谓语，这个被动的动作是by the high mountains作用出来的。

3）During these tests she was able to read a newspaper [through an opaque screen] and, stranger still, [by moving her elbow over a child’s game of Lotto] she was able to describe the figures and colours (printed on it); and in another instance, wearing stockings and slippers, to make out with her foot the outlines and colours of a picture [hidden under a carpet].(1.这里and in another instance之后的这一句的谓语是was able, 这里是省略了, 即was able to make out with…——N4.lesson 4)

复杂从句：

It was also found that although she could perceive things with her fingers this ability ceased the moment her hands were wet. (1. Although引导了一个让步状语从句，that从句的主语是this ability, 谓语是ceased，the moment引导了一个时间状语从句。——N4.Lesson 4)

独立主格：

The food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. (1.这个句子很明显一下子看不懂，我们来分析一下，独立主格，就是两个句子（一个是从句）的主语不一样，从句的谓语动词（be动词）省略了，就是the food was local cheese 2. Accompanied by bread....为定语，定local cheese )

结构一、the more + adj/adv+... , the more + adj/adv + ... The more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded.

一个点：because/because of；except/except for ，很明显，没有加介词的是可以加从句的，加了介词的只能加名词，或动词ing形式。

被动句

1、 This ability was first noticed by her father. ——N4.lesson4

2、 Vera’s curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of

Ulyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic.(1.这个句子比较长，其实是两个句子并列，用and并列。2.was brought、was given被动3. was brought to 的to是介词，而不是不定式，因为bring是不及物，所以判断to是介词还是不定式，要看动词是及物还是不及物，如果是不及物动词后面出现的to,那么这个to是介词，因为不及物动词要加上一个介词才能行使及物动词的功能。4.of a scientific research institute为

定语，定the notice. 5.near where she lives为定语，定the town. 5.a series of为量词式的短词，为定语，修饰tests。6.of the Ministry定commission，of Health定Ministry, of the Russian Federal Republic定Health. 反正这个of后面就是定语，修饰of前面的那个词 3、

双宾语结构：

问某人某事，给某人某物之类的

1、 Suddenly she asked her father why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, and

even described the way (they were done up in bundles). （1.宾语一是her father，宾语二是why引导的名词性从句。2. locked away there 为过去分词作定语，定newspapers. 3. described 同kept一样为he的谓语，这里是并列谓语。4.they were done up in bundles为定语从句，因为the way 在这个定语从句中作宾语，所以that/which省略了。为什么这个是定语从句呢？因为动宾结构，动词后面加宾语，动作总要有目的性的，然后do(这里为不及物) up + the way，所以they…就作定语从句了。——N4.Lesson4 2、

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