absence与absent

篇一：M4U2复习学案含答案

M4U2 Sports events

一、重点词汇

1.opening 15.torch 29.flame 43.tradition 57.technique

2.absence 16.stadium 30.championship 44.wrestling 58.bowling

3.excite 17.roof 31.boxing 45.significance 59.continent

4.hurdle 18.transport 32.heavyweight 46.delighted 60.budget

5.gymnastic 19.citizen 33.medal 47.committee 61.remove

6.champion 20.vest 34.boxer 48.routine 62.unusual

7.final 21.underwater 35.well-known 49.toast 63.power

8.joy 22.kettle 36.contemporary 50.lemonade 64.rugby

9.attempt 23.otherwise 37.nation 51.net 65.golf

10.boundary 24.per 38.male 52.origin 66.eagle

11.movement 25.association 39. honour 53.outdoors 67.teammate

12.nest 26.grain 40.compete 54.frequent 68.kangaroo

13.goal 27.whistle 41.reporter 55.bitter 69.tie

14.shoot 28.referee 42.unfair 56.meanwhile 70.precious

二、重点短语

1.in honour of 纪念 17.bring?back 把??带回

2.lead the way 领先 18.for the first time 第一次

3.side by side 共同；肩并肩 19.come to public attention 引起公众的注意

4.hang on （在逆境中）坚持 20.realize one’s dream 实现梦想

5.make contributions to 对??做出贡献 21.join sb in doing sth 加入某人做某事

6.every four years 每四年 22.play a role in 在??中扮演角色

7.pass sth on(to sb) 转交，传给 23.meet one’s requirements 满足某人的需要

8.be similar to 和??相似 24.at least 至少

9.be popular with 受??的欢迎 25.by accident 偶然地

10.play a role in 在??中发挥作用 26.compete with/against sb 和某人竞争

11.be connected with 与??有关 27.be absent from 不参加，缺席

12.keep?under control 使??处于控制之下 28.make an attempt to do 试图做某事

13.make way for 给??让路 29.remove?from 从??除去

14.keep a close watch on 密切关注 30.hold on to 抓紧某物;坚持

15.be delighted to 高兴做某事 31.by no means 决不

16.by tradition 传统地 32.be busy doing 忙于做某事

三、重点句型

1. Today , both male and female athletes from around the world can take part, no matter what nation they come from.(no matter引导让步状语从句）

2. The Eagles went home angry and bitter because they did not win the tournament.(形容词短语angry and bitter作状语，说明主语the Eagles的心理）

3. He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace.(make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb.)to do sth.“使??怎么样”，其中it是形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语)

4. I hope this information will be of use to you.（be of use 属于“be of＋抽象名词”结构，它相当于“be＋相应名词的形容词形式”）

5. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men's 110-metre hurdles.（the first/last (one/person) to do sth.意为“第一个/最后一个做某事的人”。在该结构中，动词不定式作定语，修饰前面的名词或代词）

M4U2 Sports events

一、词形转换

1. _____________ n权力；统治vt.驱动，提供动力 → adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→ adv.强有力地；强大地；强烈地

2. ____________adj.愉快的，高兴的→_____________n& vt.高兴；使高兴→__________adj.令人愉快的，可喜的

3. n．重要性，意义→ adj.重要的，有意义的

4. ____________ vi.比赛；竞争→．竞争，竞赛→ _____________adj.竞争的；竞赛的→___________n．竞争者；对手

5. vt.使激动，使兴奋→兴奋的，激动的→adj.令人激动的，使人兴奋的

6.___________n.尊敬;节操；荣誉vt.尊敬，尊重(某人)→______________adj.光荣的，可敬的

7. ___________n.缺席，不在场；不存在→ adj.缺席的，不在场的

8. ___________ n.传统；风俗→______________ adj.传统的→_______________ adv.传统地

9. ___________ n.国家，名族→______________ adj.国家的→_______________ n.国籍

10. __________ n. 社会运动，移动;进展→____________ vt. 运动→_____________adj.受感动的→__________ adj. 感动人的

11. ___________ n.起源，起因→ ___________ adj.原先的，最初的→____________ adv.原先，最初→_____________ vi. 起源，起因

12. ____________ n.频率→______________ adj. 频繁的，经常发生的→____________ adv.频繁地，经常

二、单词填空

1. This is just a ____________ (日常的）medical examination, nothing to worry about.

2. His _________ (缺席）from school was caused by illness.

3. My time is ___________ (珍贵的). I can only give you a few minutes.

4. You must be well prepared as the interview is of great ________________ (重要性）.

5. He knows a lot about the _____________ (当代）art.

6. It is a ____________ (传统）for us to hold a memorial for the dead on the day of Qingming.

7. Five athletes will ____________ (竞争) for the gold medal.

8. _____________ (频繁的）earthquakes make many people believe in 2012

9. Both of us made the same mistakes, but the boss only punished me. It was ____________.(不公平的)

10. All the ___________ (公民) must obey the rule.

2. The two boys played _____________ all the afternoon.

3. The two stores have to _____________ customers at Christmas.

4．You must be tired, but try to until all the work is finished.

5．Lots of buildings were torn down to a new square.

6．We're sure that these measures will ________________reducing industrial accidents.

7. His friends had a party ______________________ his promotion.

8. My opinions on the matter ___________________ Kay’s.

9. Is that the best excuse you can ___________________ .

10. My new evidence forced them to __________________.

四、翻译句子

1. 无论发生什么，我将支持你。____________________________________________________

2. 一些学生认为学英语是很困难的(it做形式宾语）。________________________________

3. 他在风雪中度过了七天，又冷又饿。____________________________________________

4. 虽然年龄大了，他仍习惯于参加一些体力劳动(make it a rule)。

____________________________________________________________________________

5.做早操对你的健康有利。(of+n)_________________________________________________

一 1.power powerful powerfully

2.delighted delight delightful

3.significance significant

4.compete competition competitive competitor

5.excite excited exciting

6.honour honourable

7.absence absent

8.tradition traditional traditionally

9.nation national nationality

10.movement move moved moving

11.origin original originally originate

12.frequency frequent frequently

二 routine ;absence ;precious; significance;

contemporary ;tradition ;compete ;Frequent ;unfair ;citizens

三 By tradition ; side by side;compete for; hang on; make way for; make contributions to; in honour of ;is similar to; come up with; give way

四

1. No matter what happens, I will stand by you.

2. Some students find it difficult to learn English.

3. He spent 7 days in snow and wind, cold and hungry.

4. He make it a rule to take part in some physical labor though he is old.

5. Doing morning exercises will be of benefit to your health.

篇二：2010年考研翻译解析

One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.

When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it, we invent excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of the century songbirds were supposed to be It is painful to read these roundabout accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) order to be valid. It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argument that predators are members of the community, and that no special interest has the right to exterminate them for the sake of a benefit, real or fancied, to itself.

Some species of tree have been“read out of the party” by economics-minded foresters because they grow The interdependence of the forest and its constituent tree species, ground flora, and fauna is taken for granted. assumes, falsely, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.

文章分析：

本文节选自美国生态学家Aldo Leopold 的著作《沙郡年纪》（A Sand Country Almanac）中的“土地伦理”部分。作者认为，完全基于经济动机和利己主义的环保体系是极不可取的。本文语言优美，句子形式多样，主要考察的知识点包括：固定结构、各类从句、从句并列、被动语态、根据上下文选择此意。 语篇分析：

第一段：开门见山提出作者的林甸，及完全基于经济动机和利己主义的环保体系是极不可取的。

第二段-第四段：以百灵鸟、肉食动物和食鱼鸟类为例，说明过去人类总要利用经济方面的证据来保护一些没有经济价值的物种，而现在人类有了正确的观点。

第五段：以一些种类的树木为例，说明现在没有经济价值的物种也得到了合理的保护。

第六段：呼应首尾，总结观点。

第一段：

?One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value.

译文：在一个完全以经济目标为基础的（生态）保护系统中，一个基本的弱点在于陆地群落的大多数成员没有经济价值。

句式结构分析：One basic weakness [in a conservation system (based wholly on economic motives)] is that

②Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.

译文：但是这些生物是生物群落的成员，并且如果生物群落的稳定性依赖其完整性，那么这些生物有权继

第二段：

?When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it, we invent excuses to give it economic importance.

译文：当一种无经济价值的物种受到威胁时，并且如果我们正好喜欢它，我们就会编造理由来赋予其经济

句式结构分析：When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it, we invent

if 引导插入语成分，when为时间状语，主句结构为we invent excuses to...

②At the beginning of the century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing.

译文：在本世纪初，鸣禽本被认为正趋向灭绝。

be supposed to do 应该。。。

③Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if

译文：科学家们急忙前来挽救这一局面，他们所使用的证据显然站不住脚，其大意是，如果鸟类未能控制昆虫，昆虫将会吞噬我们。为使证据有效，其必须与经济相关。

句式结构分析：Scientists jumped to the rescue [with some distinctly shaky evidence] to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. The evidence had to be economic in order to be valid. with引导的状语修饰jumped to the rescue。短语to the effect作插入语，修饰evidence，是理解

难点。that引导同位语从句修饰evidence。

第三段：

?It is painful to read these roundabout accounts today.

译文： 今天读到这些拐弯抹角的说法让人很痛苦。

②We have no land ethic yet, but we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.

译文：我们还没有生态伦理。(47)但是，我们至少已经接近承认：事关它们与生俱来的权利，鸟类应该继

词组：at least(至少)，draw near(靠近，接近于) regardless of(尽管), presence or absence of （有还是没有） 句式结构分析：We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have [at least ]drawn nearer the point of admitting that [as a matter of intrinsic right], [regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us].

that引导的是个宾语从句，as常接在动词后面，翻译成：作为。Regardless of引导的是个让步状语从句。

第三段：

?A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds.

②Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless” species.

译文：曾几何时，生物学家有点滥用了这样一种证据，即这些生物通过杀死体弱者来保持猎物种群的健康，

句式结构分析：Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless” species.

③Here again, the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.

译文：这再一次表明，为使证据有效，其必须与经济相关。

④ It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argument that predators are members of the community, and that no special interest has the right to exterminate them for the sake of a benefit, real or fancied, to itself. 译文：只是在近些年我们才听到更为诚实的观点，即食肉动物是生物群落的成员，无特殊利益集团有权为了自身实际或幻想的利益而灭掉它们。

for the sake of 由于。。。原因

句式结构分析：It is only [in recent years] that we hear the more honest argument that predators are members

has the right to exterminate them for the sake of a benefit, <real or fancied,> to itself

强调句结构it is+that... and that...

第五段：

?Some species of tree have been“read out of the party” by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale value to pay as timber crops.

译文：一些树种已被有经济学头脑的林业学家“排除在有经济价值的树种之外”，因为它们长地太慢，或者售价太低，而不能作为木材。

词组：read out of the party 开除党籍，清除出党，这里指排除在外

economics-minded foresters 有经济头脑的林业学家

②In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.

译文：在欧洲，林业在生态上更为发达，没有商业价值的树种被认为是原始森林群落的一部分，同样应该

句式结构分析：[In Europe,] where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the noncommercial tree species are , to be preserved as such, within reason.

and是个并列连词，连接的是to do sth这样的动词不定式，但其后省略了与前面相同的动词tends，第一个that是个定语从句，修饰前面的名词community，but引导的是个表示转折的连词。

③Moreover, some have been found to have a valuable function in building up soil fertility. The interdependence of the forest and its constituent tree species, ground flora, and fauna is taken for granted.

译文：此外，有些树种被发现在增强土壤肥沃方面具有重要作用。森林和树种、地面植物、动物这些组成森林的因素之间的相互依存，被视为理所当然。

词组：build up 加强 Sth. is taken for granted 视某事（物）为理所让然

句式结构分析：Moreover, some have been found to have a valuable function in building up soil fertility. The

第六段：

?To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided.

译文：此外，有些树种被发现在增强土壤肥沃方面具有重要作用。森林和树种、地面植物、动物这些组成句式结构分析：To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly ②It tends to ignore , and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial 译文：这种保护系统往往忽视陆地生物群落中许多元素缺乏商业价值、但对其健康运转至关重要的物种，

句式结构分析：It tends to ignore , and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements [in the land community ](that lack commercial value,but that are essential to its healthy functioning.)

③It assumes, falsely, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts. 译文：它错误地认为生物圈之钟里的有经济价值部分离开无经济价值部分将照样运转。

篇三：三年来高考新增词汇

08年高考新增词汇

Aabsence n, absent adj. abuse v. accommodation n. ache v&nacid n&adjacre , n.

adjust v. afterwards adv.airplane n.alarm, n&v, album, n, ambassador n, amusement n,angle n,ankle n,annual adj,ant n, appointment n, arithmetic n,, arrow n, ashamed adj, aside adv, astronomy n, atom n, automatic adj, avenue n

Bballoon, n, bamboo, n, banana, n, barbecue, n, barrier, n, bat, n, bathe, v&n, bathtub, n, beast, n, blouse, n, bonus, n, boot, n, brake, n&v, brand, n, bride, n, bridegroom, n, broken, adj, broom, n, bunch, n&v

C cage n., camel n, canteen n., carpenter n., carriage n., carrot n., cartoon n., cell n.,centigrade adj, chalk n, chef n, chemist n, chess n, circus n,claw n,cloudy n, collar n, comedy n, commit v, commitment n, concept n, consideration n, constitution n, construct v, cookie n, cosy adj, counter n, courtyard n, crew n, cyclist n

D decoration n, delighted adj, dentist n, dessert n, dial n dictation n,disappointed adj, dismiss v,divorce n&v,doll n, dot n&v, drawer n,drill n&v, drum n, drunk adj. duck n, dustbin n,dustyadj.

E eagle n. Easter n,edge n,eggplant n, elegant adj,embassy n, enjoyable adj, exit n F fade n&v, fare n, file n,financen,flashlight n, flexible adj, fog n, frost n. G garlic n,giraffe n, golf n, graduation n, gram n, grape n, grateful adj,

greengrocer n, groceryn, guaranteen&v, guitar n

H ham n,hamburgern,harbourn&v,hen n,highway n, homeland n I icecream n, idomn, insert v

J jaw, n ,jazzn,jeep n

K kangaroon,kettle n

L lamb n, leak n, lemon n,lemonade n,lid n, literary adj, litter n, lung n M matn,messn,millimeter n, mist n,moral adj, moustache n,multiply v N needlen, nursery n

O occupation n, okay interj,opera n,oral adj,outcome n,outgoing n,ox n P parcel n&v,parking n,pavement n,pea n, pepper n,postcode n,

postman n,prayern,preference n, preserve v&n,pub n, purple adj

Q qualification n

Rrail n, receipt n, reception n, recorder n, religious adj, revision n, revolution n, rid v, roast v Ssalad n, salesman n, salty adj, sausage n, scholar n, schoolboy n, security n, sew v,

shopping n, shortly adv, sightseeing n, simplify v, sleeve n, spy n&v,steady adj,steakn,steep adj, straw n,strawberry n, string n, super adj, survival n,

swearv, sweatn&v, swell v,swingv&n,sword n

Ttelevision n, tension n, throat n,thread n, thunder n&v, timetable n, toothbrush n,

tough adj,towel n&v, transform v, T-shirt n

U uncomfortable adj, unwilling adj, user n

V vasen, vehicle n, vest n, vital adj

Wwanderv,warmthn, watermelon n, weekday n, whichever pron,whistle n&v,

windy adj, winner n,worm n

X X-ray n&v

Y yardn, yoghurt n,

2009年高考英语部分新增词汇（附详解例句与考题）

absence n.1. [C,U]缺席；不在场：I soon noticed his absence from the lecture. 我很快便察觉到他缺课。

2.[U]缺乏；没有：the absence of definite proof 缺乏确凿的证据

【用法】1.通常为不可数名词，但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时，为可数名词：after an absence of three months 在离开3个月后 2.表示做某事缺席，其后通常接介词 from：His absence from school was caused by illness. 他缺课是因为生病。3.比较后接介词from和in的区别：Nothing happened during his absence from America. 在他离开美国期间，没有发生什么。/ Nothing happened during his absence in America. 当他不在此地而在美国的期间，没有发生什么。

absent adj.1.缺席的；不在场的：How many students are absent (from class) today? 今天有多少学生缺席？ 2.漫不经心的；心不在焉的；茫然的：an absent stare 心不在焉的呆视

【用法】1. 用作形容词，可表示“缺席的”；要表示“做某事缺席”，其后常接介词 from：Several students were absent from class today. 今天有几个学生上课缺席。有时根据不同的语境，也可能使用不同的介词：He?s absent in Beijing. 他外出了，现在北京。2. 用作形容词，有时表示“心不在焉，茫然的”等，通常只用作定语：She had an absent look on her face. 她脸上露出茫然的神色。

【考点】So many directors ______, the board meeting had to be put off.

A. were absent B. been absent C. had been absent D. being absent

答案为 D。句意为：因为有许多董事缺席，董事会议只好推迟。填空处为独立主格结构。全句谓语为had to be put off，由于逗号前后两部分之间没有连接词，所以逗号前面的结构不能用完整谓语，而要用非谓语形式。

abusevt.1.滥用：It?s important not to abuse your position. 重要的是不要滥用你的地位。2. 虐待：to abuse a horse 虐待一匹马 n. [C,U]滥用：an abuse of authority 职权的滥用

【考点】It has been revealed that some government leaders _____ their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.

A. employ B. takeC. abuseD. overlook

答案为C。句意为：据透露，一些政府领导滥用职权，非法谋利。比较：employ 雇用；take 拿，带；abuse 滥用；overlook 俯瞰，远眺。

accommodation n.1.[U]住处，办公处，停留处，招待设备：The price of your holiday includes your hotel accommodation. 你度假的价格包括了你的旅馆住宿费用。2.[C, pl.]住处，膳宿：He has several overnight accommodations. 他有好几处过夜的住处。

【用法】在英国英语中不可数，在美国英语中通常用复数，但不能与不定冠词连用。

ache[eIk] vi.1.疼痛：His legs ached after playing football for two hours. 踢了两个小时足球后，他感到腿痛。2. 渴望：She is aching to go abroad. 她一直渴望到各国外去。n.[C,U]痛，疼痛：He has an ache in the back. 他的背痛。

【辨析】ache与pain：1. ache 主要指肉体局部持续的疼痛或隐痛：My back aches terribly. 我背痛得厉害。而 pain 是一般用语，可指轻微的痛或剧烈的痛，可指局部的痛或全身的痛，可指持续的痛或突发的痛等：The death of his father gave him much pain. 他父亲的死使他很悲痛。2. 由于 ache 常用于指局部的持续性疼痛，所以它常与某些表示身体部位的词构成合成词，表示身体的某处疼痛(此时通常不用 pain)：headache(头痛)，toothache(牙痛)等。

acid adj.酸的，酸味的，刻薄的：Is an apple an acid fruit? 苹果是酸味水果吗？ / Her remarks were rather acid. 她的话有些尖酸刻薄。n.[U,C]酸，含有酸味的东西

acre n.1.[C]英亩，田地：The playground has an area of about five acres. 这操场的面积约为五英亩。

2.[C][复]土地，地产：The rolling acres of farm land are very beautiful. 这些起伏不平的广阔田地真美。

afterwards[5B:ftEwEdz] adv.后来，然后：Let?s eat first and go to the theater afterwards. 咱们先去吃饭，然后再去看戏。

airplanen. [C](美)飞机：The airplane took off on time. 飞机准时起飞。

alarm n.1. [C]警报；警报装置：give the alarm 发出警报 / He sounded the alarm. 他鸣警报。2. [C]闹钟(= alarm clock)：What time shall I set the alarm for? 我该把闹钟拨到几点种响？3. [U]惊恐，惊慌：She was struck with alarm. 她饱受惊慌。vt.使惊慌，使不安：I was quite alarmed last night at the cry of “fire”. 昨天夜里听到“失火了”的喊声时，我十分惊慌。◆a false alarm 假警报 / raise (sound) the alarm发出警报

album n.[C]粘贴簿(如相册、集邮簿、签名册、纪念册等)，唱片集：This is my stamp album. 这是我的集邮簿。

ambassador n.[C]大使，使节，派驻国际组织的代表：The ambassador made forceful representations to the White House. 该大使向白宫提出了强烈抗议。

【用法】表示驻某国大使，其后通常接介词to：He has been appointed an ambassador to Peru. 他被任命为驻秘鲁大使。若指驻某地大使，则用介词in或at：the British ambassador in [at] Washington 英国驻华盛顿大使

【联想】embassy 大使馆 / ambassadress 女大使

amusement n.1.[U]开心，愉快：I listened in amusement. 我听得十分开心。2.[C]娱乐(活动)，消遣(方式)：There were a lot of amusements in big cities. 大城市有许多娱乐(活动)。

annual adj.每年的，年度的，一年生的：What is your annual income? 你的全年收入有多少？

appointmen n. 1.[C,U]约会，约定：make (fix) an appointment with sb 与某人约会 / I?m afraid I won?t be

able to keep our appointment on Monday. 对不起，星期一我不能赴约了。2.[C]职位，职务：get a good appointment 获得一个好职位 3. [C,U]委任，选派：The following appointments have been made at the Ministry of National Defense. 国防部作出如下任命。

arithmeticn.[U]算术，计算：business arithmetic 商业算术 / He is good at arithmetic. 他擅长算术。

【联想】geometry[dVI5CmItrI] 几何 / algebra[5AldVIbrE] 代数 / function[5fQNkFn] 函数 / calculous[5kAlkjJlEs] 微积分(学)

arrow n.1. [C]箭：Time flies like an arrow. 光阴似箭。2. [C]箭头：direction arrows 方向箭头

ashamed adj.惭愧；害臊：Are you ashamed for having lied? 你为撒了谎感到害臊吗? / I am ashamed for you. 我替你感到羞愧。/ You should be ashamed of your behavior. 你应该为你的行为感到羞愧。

【辨析】ashamed与shameful：ashamed 意为“感到羞耻的”，shameful 意为“可耻的”、“丢脸的”：You should be ashamed of doing that. 你应该为自己做那样的事感到羞耻。It was shameful of them to surrender. 他们的投降是可耻的。

aside adv.在旁边；向旁边：Stand aside and let these people pass. 靠边站，让这些人过去。n.[C](戏剧中的)旁白；独白◆aside from (1)除…之外(别无)：Nobody, aside from him, could answer this question. 除他外，没人能回答这个问题。(2)除…之外(尚有)：Aside from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 除了是乐趣和有益的锻炼外，游泳还是一种很有用的技能。(3)除…外，如果不考虑：Aside from the rainy weather, our vacation was fun. 除了天气阴雨外，我们的假期还是玩得很高兴的。

【说明】aside from为美国英语，在英国英语中用apart from代之。

astronomy n. [U]天文学：I?m very interested in astronomy. 我对天文学很感兴趣。

atom n.1.[C]原子：Water is made up of atoms of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是氢和氧的原子构成的。/ Everything on the earth is made up of atoms. 地球上的每一种东西都是由原子构成的。2.[C]微粒，微量：There is not an atom of truth in what he said. 他所说的话没有丝毫真实性。/ There is not an atom of truth in the rumour. 这谣言一点也不真实。

atomic[E5tCmIk] a.原子的，原子能的，原子武器的

automatic a.1.自动的，机械的：an automatic washing-machine 自动洗衣机 / automatic alarm 自动报警 / The heating system in the hotel has an automatic temperature control. 旅馆里的取暖系统是自动调温的。2.不假思索的，无意识的：She knew the lesson so well that her answers were automatic. 她对这一课极为熟悉，可不假思索地随口回答问题。/ Most of our movements are automatic. 我们人体的大部分动作都是无意识的。

3.必然的，自然的：A fine for this offence is automatic. 对于这种过失，罚款是必然的。

avenue n.1. [C](城市的)林阴路，大街：an avenue of poplars 白杨树的林阴大道2.[C]方法；途径：Several avenues are open to us. 我们面前有几条可行之路。

高考英语听力各情景常用参考词汇：

购物： red, yellow, blue, black, gray, brown, green, pink, silver, white(颜色)

suit, coat, dress, shirt, tie, jacket, shoes, brand（货物）,goodswood, wool, silk（材料） size, macth(n./v.), discount, brand, deal large, small, expensive, dear, cheap （形容词） try on, look good on sb.,sell out,fit sb.well, complain, complaint, receipt(收据)

cost,how many,how much

shop,supermarket,grocery store, cart,bakery

price, money, cash, check, dollar, yuan, pound, penney

天气： sun, sunny, wind, windy, snow, snowy, rain, rainy, cloud, cloudy, sky, weather forcast

fine, nice, beautiful, good, clear, bad, terrible, blue, darkspring, summer, actumn/fall, winter, warm, cool, hot, cold, freezing, wet, dry, drought, flood, storm, thunder, hurricane, lightening

就餐：order, meal, food, drink, dish, plate, cup, bowl, apppetite, eat, taste, tasty, delicious, terrible, hungry, starve, full, stuffed, coffee, tea(milk, sugar), restaurant, cafe, bar, bill

breakfast, lunch, supper, dinner, brunch(早中餐)

就医：hospital, ambulance, clinic, doctor, nurse, temprature, appetite, medicine,

headache, stomachache, teethache, cough, flu, cold, high fever, back, stomach, leg, foot

pain, ache, injure, hurt, cut, ease(减轻) , feel sick, feel well

look at, examine, have a look at, take temprature, have a good rest, stay in bed, drink more water 人物身份及关系：doctor, nurse, patient interviewer, intervieweewaiter, waitress, customer teacher, studentclassmate, schoolmate husband, wife, couple frends, strangers,

boss, manager, employer, secretary, employee, parent, children,kid colleagues,

salesman, saleswoman, sales manager, shop assistant, neighbor/ neighbour

baker,tailor, butcher,babysitter, robber, murderer

旅游和交通：travel, travel agency, travel agent, holiday, business, hotel, book, relax, ride, drive, fly, boardpack, package, delay, put off, postpone, call off,

flight, by air, by airplane, by train, by bus, by car, by water, by boat

ticket, passport, visa, luggage/baggage, transaction, transit, transfer, , boarding pass, driver?s licence 其他： world record, timetable, brake, alarm clock, scholarship, deposit, household appliances section, ferry,

handbag, major, account, credit, card, form, composition, thesis, essay, paper, article, diaper(尿布)

Concert, band, film, movie, once, twice, hundred, thousand, million, billion

rent, rob, input, output, review, quit, apply for, lay off, downsize, register, purchase, buy, dismiss, fire, draft,

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