2011单层工业厂房毕业设计计算书

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目录

设计资料 ·················································································································································································· 1 一、结构构件选型和布置 ················································································································································ 1 1.1 屋面板 ································································································································1 1.2 屋架 ····································································································································2 1.3 吊车梁 ································································································································3 1.4 排架柱 ································································································································3 1.5 基础梁 ································································································································4 二、荷载计算········································································································································································· 5 2.1 永久荷载·····························································································································5 2.2 活荷载 ································································································································5 三、内力分析········································································································································································· 7 3.1 屋盖自重·····························································································································7 3.2 柱及吊车自重作用 ··············································································································8 3.3 屋面活荷载 ·························································································································8 3.4 吊车荷载作用 ·····················································································································9 3.5 风荷载作用 ······················································································································· 11 四、排架柱内力组合························································································································································12 4.1 上柱配筋计算 ···················································································································12 4.2 下柱配筋计算 ····················································································································13 4.3 柱裂缝宽度验算················································································································16 4.4 牛腿设计···························································································································18 基础设计 ················································································································································································19 地震作用和结构抗震验算 ··············································································································································23

设计资料

单层单跨无天窗厂房:跨度30m,柱距6m,纵向长度108m,设两台10t桥式吊车,工作级别为A4, 厂房地点位于广州市从化区,属于抗震设防类别丙类

基本风压为0.5KN/m2,无基本雪压,屋面均布活荷载0.5KN/m2,无屋面积灰荷载

根据结构构件承载能力极限状态的目标可靠指标:安全等级为二级,重要性系数?0不小于1.0,取为1.0

一、结构构件选型和布置 1.1

屋面板

采用1.5m×6.0m预应力钢筋混凝土屋面板

根据04G410-2,选用屋面板时基本组合的荷载分项系数:?G?1.35,?Q?1.4,屋面板承受荷载如下:

橡胶防水卷材防水层:0.2KN/m2

保温层: 0.48KN/m 20厚水泥砂浆找平层:0.4KN/m2

2

活荷载: 0.5KN/m

q=1.35×(0.2+0.48+0.4)+1.4×0.5×0.7=1.948KN/m2

选择Y-WB-2Ⅲ

允许外加均布荷载标准值基本组合设计值[q]为2.05KN/m2,满足承载力条件 屋面板自重:1.4KN/m2 嵌板

灌缝重标准值0.1KN/m2

22

橡胶防水卷材防水层:0.2KN/m 保温层: 0.48KN/m 20厚水泥砂浆找平层:0.4KN/m2

活荷载: 0.5KN/m2

q=1.35×(0.2+0.48+0.4)+1.4×0.5×0.7=1.948KN/m2

选择Y-KWB-1Ⅲ

允许外加均布荷载标准值基本组合设计值[q]为2.58KN/m2,满足承载力条件 板自重:1.7KN/m

2

2

灌缝重标准值0.1KN/m

2

天沟板:

根据屋面排板计算,考虑采用680mm宽度的天沟板

落水管之间的水平间距12m,天沟流水坡长为6m,采用焦渣找坡层,坡度为1%,,最薄处20mm,最厚处80mm水泥砂浆找平,上铺橡胶防水卷材

焦渣找坡层:按其平均厚度计算,厚度为50mm,焦渣自重为14KN/m3 焦渣均布荷载:0.05×14=0.7KN/m2 20厚水泥砂浆找平层:0.4KN/m2 橡胶防水卷材防水层:0.2KN/m2 积水荷载考虑230mm水深,为2.3KN/m2

活荷载: 0.5KN/m

卷材防水层考虑高肋和低肋覆盖部分,按天沟宽度的2.5倍计算 b=天沟宽度-190=680-190=490mm

q=[1.35×(0.2×2.5+0.7+0.4+2.3)+1.4×0.5] ×0.49=2.92KN/m2

选择TGB68,允许外加均布荷载基本组合设计值3.66KN/m2,满足承载力条件 天沟板板自重2.13KN/m2

2

1.2 屋架

1.08KN/m2

2

1.4KN/m

2

0.1KN/m 2.58KN/m 0.5KN/m2

2

屋面恒荷载:屋面板以上 屋面板自重 灌缝重 总计 屋面活荷载

屋面荷载设计值:

组合一:1.35×2.58+1.4×0.5×0.7=3.973KN/m2

组合二:1.2×2.58+1.4×0.5=3.596KN/m

22

选择 GWJ30-2A1 屋面荷载设计值[q]为4.0KN/m>3.973KN/m,满足承载力要求 屋架自重为4550kg/榀

初定屋架支撑自重为0.25KN/m2

2

1.3 吊车梁

小车质量 总质量 31.6t 轨顶以上轨道中心至高度 2239mm 端部距离 230mm 最大轮压 147KN 最小轮压 57.1KN 厂房设置两台桥式吊车,吊车参数如下表: 起重量 跨度 10t 宽度 6922mm 轮距 5000mm 28.5m 4.084t 根据吊车跨度和起重量,中间跨选择钢筋混凝土吊车梁DL-7Z,自重为2.75t/根,伸缩缝跨和边跨分别选DL-7S和DL-7B,自重为2.82t/根 根据吊车梁和吊车参数,选择吊车轨道联结型号为DGL-12,螺栓间距为260mm,钢轨型号为38kg/m,最大轮压设计值为510KN,轨道面至梁顶面距离为170-190mm,选择车挡型号为CD2,适用于10t吊车,走道板:中间跨选择DB80-1,边跨和伸缩缝处跨选择DB80-1S 如下表所示:

参构 件 数 编号 尺寸(mm) 高度900 上翼缘500 下翼缘250 螺栓间距260 板长5550(4950) 板宽800 自重 吊车梁 轨道联结 车挡 走道板 DL-7Z (DL-7S,DL-7B) DGL-12 CD2 DB80-1 (DB80-1S) 2.752.82 t 钢轨自重38kg/m 0.850.78 t 柱间支撑可在厂房○5-○6和○15-○16轴之间设置上柱支撑和下柱支撑

1.4 排架柱

初定牛腿标高为8700mm,吊车梁高度为900mm

轨顶标高=牛腿标高+吊车梁高度+钢轨高度(200mm)=8700+900+200=9800mm,与工艺要求相差在±200以内,满足要求

柱顶标高=轨顶标高+轨顶至吊车小车顶面距离+安全距离(≥220mm)=9800+2239+220=12359mm,取为12600mm

全柱高H=柱顶标高+基顶至±0.00标高处高度=12600+1200=13800mm 下柱高H1=8700+1200=9900mm 上柱高H2=12600-8700=3900mm 柱截面设计

根据混凝土结构计算手册: Hk=9900+900=10800mm Hl=8700+1200=9900mm

基顶至吊车梁顶距离 基顶至吊车梁底距离

e4e4ae1h1h下柱:h≥b≥

Hl25Hl14=9900/14=707.14mm

选择h=1000mm 选择b=400mm

?9900/25=396mm

上柱初选截面为b×h=400×400mm,下柱高度在900~1100mm,选择工字形柱 下柱截面取为bf×h×b×hf=400×1000×100×150工字型截面 轨道中心线至纵向定位轴线间的间距一般取750mm

取轨道中心线距离上柱内边缘为350mm,吊车端部到柱内边缘净距为100mm>80mm,满足安全要求

梯形屋架在上柱的作用点距离纵向定位轴线150mm e0=1000/2-400/2=300mm e1=400/2-150=50mm 牛腿尺寸初选h1=400mm,h=500mm

满足h1≥

13e2=350-(1000/2-400)=250mm

h,

????15?45满足要求

排架截面参数

柱 截 面 参 数 400150400截面尺寸(mm) 400×400 面积(mm) 1.6×105 2251000惯性矩(mm) 2.13×109 4根据排架柱的截面尺寸,得出柱的计算参数如下:

上柱 下柱 惯性矩: 上柱:Iu=

bh123400×1000×100×150 1.975×105 25.59×109 ?400?4001233?2.13×10mm

94

下柱:Il≈

400?100012-112?300?650-2?312?150?2?25?(325?2?253100)=25.59×10mm

294

1.5 基础梁

外墙采用370墙,突出于柱外,查《钢筋混凝土基础梁》04G320图集,

要求窗洞口宽度不大于4200mm,门洞口宽度不大于3000mm,门高不超过3600mm,采用基础梁类

型如下:

基 类 型 础 梁 编号 梁长(mm) 自重(t) 整体 有窗 有门 JL-25 JL-27 JL-28 5950 5950 5950 2.48 2.48 2.48

二、荷载计算 2.1

永久荷载

0.2KN/m 0.48KN/m2

0.4KN/m2

1.4+0.1=1.5KN/m

2

2

2

(1)屋盖自重

橡胶防水卷材防水层: 保温层: 20厚水泥砂浆找平层: 屋面板:

g=2.58 KN/m 屋架自重 45.5KN/榀

则作用于柱顶的屋盖结构自重为G1=1.2×2.58×6×30/2+1.2×45.5×0.5=332.94KN (2)柱自重:

柱采用C30混凝土,重度采用25KN/m 标准值:

上柱:G2,k=0.4×0.4×25×3.9=15.6KN 设计值:

上柱:G2=15.6×1.2=18.72KN (3)吊车梁及轨道自重

G4=1.2×(28.2+0.38×6)=36.58KN

下柱:G3=48.88×1.2=58.66KN

3

下柱:G3,k=25×1.975×105/106×9.9=48.88KN

2.2 活荷载

(1)屋面活荷载

屋面均布活荷载为0.5KN/m2 (2)吊车荷载

根据吊车宽度B和和轮距K,算的吊车梁支座反力影响线中各轮压对应的坐标值如下图所示,以此求的作用于牛腿上的吊车竖向荷载

Q1=?QQ1k=1.4×0.5×6×30/2=63KN

PmaxPmaxPmaxPmax922/60001000/600014078/6000

两台吊车组合,取折减系数为??0.9,并忽略第三跨Pmax的有利作用

Dmax??QDmax,k=1.4×0.9×147×(

1000?40786000+1)=341.98KN

Dmin??QDmin,k=DmaxPmin,kPmaz,k=132.84KN

Mmax?Dmax?e2?341.98?0.25?85.50KN?m

Mmin?Dmin?e2?132.84?0.25?33.21KN?m

吊车横向水平刹车力:

吊车起重量为10t,取横向水平荷载系数?=0.12

?TTk?i,k??(G2,k?G3,k)?0.12?(4.084?10)?10?16.90KN

Ti,k?14?16.90?4.23KN1000?40786000?1)?7.03KN

-0.6+0.81?4

Tmax,k??Tk?yi?0.9?4.23?(Tmax??QTmax?1.4?7.03?9.84KN

-0.5-0.5(3)风荷载: 地面粗糙程度为B类

基本风压0.5KN/m

屋架坡度为10°,角度为5.7o,风载体形系数如图:

2

-0.7+0.8-0.7 风载体形系数图

室外标高为-300,按室外标高取风压高度变化系数 自室外地坪至柱顶高度为12600+300=12900mm

-0.5?z?1.0?12900?1000015000?10000?(1.14?1.0)?1.08

q1k??s?zw0B=0.8×1.08×0.5×6=2.59KN/m q1??Qq1k?1.4?2.59?3.63KN/m

q2k??s?zw0B=-0.5×1.08×0.5×6=-1.62KN/m q2??Qq1k?1.4?1.62?2.27KN/m

檐口距离室外地面高度为12600+1990+300=14890mm ?z?1.00?14890?1000015000?10000?(1.14?1.00)?1.137

Wk?[(0.8?0.5)?1.99?(0.5?0.6)?1.5]?1.137?0.5?6?8.31KN/m

W??QWk?1.4?8.31?11.64KN/m

三、内力分析

A柱和F柱相同,抗剪刚度D也相同,ηA=ηB=0.5

柱顶剪力、水平集中力、柱顶不动铰支座反力均规定自左向右为正,反之则为负

3.1 屋盖自重

M1AM1FG1A=G1F=332.94KN

M1A=M1F= G1A·e1=332.94×0.05=16.65KN·m M2A=M2F= G2A·e0=332.94×0.3=99.88KN·m 受力简图如右所示 查表得:

n?IuIl?2.1325.59?0.08

M2AM2F??HuH?390013800?0.28

AF力矩作用在柱顶时

1??(1?C1?1.51??(3211n)n?2.28

?1)M1AH?16.6513.8?2.28?2.74KN

R1A?-R1F?C1力矩作用在牛腿时

C3?1.51??1??(321n?1.10 ?1)

R2A?-R2F?C1M2AH?99.8813.8?1.1?7.90KN

虚加的支座反力

RA?R1A?R2A?2.74+7.9=10.64KN

RF??RA??10.64KN

R?RA?RF?0

柱顶剪力:VA?RA?10.64KN

VF?RF??10.64KN

屋盖自重作用下,牌价的弯矩图、剪力图、轴力图如下所示

16.6524.8575.0316.6575.0310.6424.8510.64332.94332.9430.3130.3110.6410.64332.94332.94AM 图FAV 图FAN 图F

3.2 柱及吊车自重作用

G3=48.88×1.2=58.66KN

G4=1.2×(28.2+0.38×6)=36.58KN

由于在安装柱子时尚未吊装屋架,没形成排架,按悬臂柱分析A柱内力 G2=15.6×1.2=18.72KN

M2A?G2A?e0?18.72?0.3?5.62KN?M

G2AG2AG4AM4A?G4A?e2?36.58?0.25?9.15KN?M

M2AG4AM2AM4AG3AM4AG3A3.533.5318.7255.355.318.72A受力简图3.53FAM图3.53113.96113.96FAN图F

3.3 屋面活荷载

Q1?63KN,它在A、F柱顶及变阶处引起的弯矩分别为

M1A?Q1?e1?63?0.05?3.15KN?M?M1FM2A?Q1?e0?63?0.3?18.9KN?M?M2FR1A?M1AHC1?3.1513.8?2.28?0.52KN

R2A?M2AHC3?18.913.8?1.10?1.51KN

RA?R1A?R2A?0.52?1.51?2.03KN RF??RA??2.03KN

虚加不动铰支座反力为R?RA?RF?0 柱顶剪力:VA?RA?2.03KN 排架受力简图和内力图如图所示

VF?RF??2.03KN

Q1Q1M1AM1FM2F4.77 M

3.1514.1314.133.154.772A5.965.96A受力简图FAM图F2.032.0363632.032.036363AV图FAN图F3.4 吊车荷载作用

不考虑厂房整体工作性能 Dmax作用于A柱 Dmax=341.98KN

RA Dmin=132.84KN

85.5013.8 Mmax=85.50KN·M

RF?Mmin

C3?Mmin=33.21KN·M

33.2113.8?1.10?2.65KN

??MmaxHC3???1.10??6.82KN

HR?RA?RF??6.82?2.65??4.17KN

将R反作用于排架柱顶,按分配系数求的各个排架柱的柱顶剪力 VA?RA??AR??6.82?0.5?4.17??4.74KN VF?RF??FR?2.65?0.5?4.17?4.74KN

得到各柱的计算简图和内力图如图所示

4.744.74341.98132.84DmaxDmin67.0118.4718.4714.74MmaxMminA4.74受力简图4.7424.2520.08 32.19FAM图F341.98132.84AV图FAN图F

Dmax作用于F柱时内力图刚好和上述情况相反如图所示:

DminMminMmaxDmax14.7418.4718.4767.0132.1924.25A4.74受力简图4.74FAM图F132.84341.984.744.74132.84341.98AV图FAN图F

两台吊车刹车 A柱

yHu?33.9?0.77

由n=0.08,?=0.28得到

yHu2-2.4???(?0.8时

C5??0.4)n?0.55 132[1??(-1)]n2-2.1???(330.112当

yHu0.243n1n?0.时

C5?2[1??(3?0.1)?0.59

-1)]插入法得到

C5?0.59?0.070.1?0.04?0.562

RA??Tmax?C5?9.84?0.562??5.53KN

F柱和A柱相同,RF?RA??5.53KN R?RA?RF??11.06KN

将R反方向作用于排架柱顶,得到各柱的柱顶剪力 VA?RA-?AR?0

VF?RF-?FR?0

?2?1.15-0.01l0/r?1.15?0.01?27.5?0.875

??1?11400eih0(l0r)?1?2?1?140021737940227.5?1?0.875?1.60

?ei?1.60?737?1181.3mm?0.3h0?0.3?(1000?60)?282mm

可按照大偏心受压情况进行计算

e??ei?h/2?as?1181.3?500?60?1621.3mm x?N?5664601.0?14.3?400?99mm<0.550h0=517mm且<2?s=140mm

'?1fcbf'满足大偏心受压条件,但受压钢筋不能够屈服 另x

N(?ei?h??s)?''As?As?'2'fy(h0??s)2566460?(1181.3?500?60)300?(940?60)?1590.6mm2?6%2?1.975?10?592.5mm52故As?As?1590.6mm

综合上述三种情况,可取As?As?2062.02mm 选择6Ф22,As?As?2281mm

按照轴心受压构件验算垂直于弯矩作用平面的受压承载力 查的l0/b=18时,??0.81

l0/b=19.5时,??0.81?1.52'''2'2l0/b=20时,??0.75 ?(0.81?0.75)?0.765

计算得:

N?0.9?[fcbh?fy(As?As)]?0.9?0.765?[14.3?1.975?10?300?(2281?2281]?2886.78KN?811.38KN5

验算结果安全,满足条件

4.3 柱裂缝宽度验算

e0h0?0.55的偏心受压构件,可不验算裂缝宽度,本结构

混凝土结构设计规范第8.1.2条规定,对于

的环境类别为二类裂缝控制等级为三级,最大裂缝宽度为限值wlim?0.2mm (1)上柱裂缝宽度验算

自排架柱内力标准值组合取出Ⅰ-Ⅰ截面最不利组合情况 +Mmax,k=48.26KN·M 截面初始偏心距e0?e0h0?165.91365MN? Nk=-293.05KN

?0.16591m?165.91mm

48.26293.05?0.45?0.55 故可不验算裂缝宽度

(2)下柱裂缝宽度验算

自排架柱内力标准值组合取出Ⅱ-Ⅱ和Ⅲ-Ⅲ截面最不利组合情况 +Mmax,k=366.31KN·M 截面初始偏心距e0?e0h0?578.91940MN? Nk=-632.76KN

?0.57891m?578.91mm

366.31632.76?0.60?0.55 故需验算裂缝宽度

构件受力特征系数?cr?2.1

Ate?0.5bh?(bf?b)hf?0.5?100?1000?(400?100)?(150?252)?98750mm2

?te?l0hAsAte99001000'?228198750?2.31%

??9.9<14,取使用阶段轴向压力偏心距增大系数?s?1.0

'?'f?bf?bbh0hf?400?100100?940h2?162.5?0.519

e??se0?ys??se0???s?1.0?578.91?500?60?1018.91mm

纵向受拉钢筋的合力点至截面受压区合力点的距离 z?[0.87?0.12(1??'f)(h0e)]h0?[0.87?0.12(1?0.519)(29401018.91)]?1018.91?836.402

?0.87h0?0.87?940?817.8故取z=817.8mm

?sk?Nk(e?z)Asz?632760?(1018.19-836.40)2?60.29N/mm

2281?836.40ftk2.010.0231?60.29裂缝间钢筋应变不均匀系数??1.1-0.65?te?sk?1.1?0.65??0.16?0.2

取??0.2

最大裂缝宽度

wmax??cr??skEs(1.9c?0.08deq?te)?2.1?0.2?60.292.0?105(1.9?30?0.88220.0231)?0.016mm?0.2mm

4.4 牛腿设计

(1)验算截面尺寸

牛腿截面宽度与柱同宽,b=400mm,尺寸初选h1=400mm,h=500mm,h0?800?35?465mm,

a?750?1000??250mm,考虑安装偏差20mm后竖向力作用点仍位于下柱截面以内,故取a?0mm,裂缝控制系数取??0.65

作用于牛腿顶部的竖向荷载如表所示: 作用于牛腿顶部的竖向荷载 吊车竖向荷载 吊车梁及轨道自重 设计值(KN) 341.98 36.58 标准组合(KN) 244.27 30.48 则作用于牛腿顶部的竖向荷载设计值Fv?341.98?36.58?378.56KN,竖向荷载标准值为

Fvk?244.27?30.48?274.75KN,牛腿顶面水平拉力标准值Fhk?Tmax,k?3.39KN,设计值Fh?Tmax?4.74KN

斜裂缝控制条件

Fvk?274.75KN??(1?0.5FhkFvk)ftkbh00.5??0.65?(1?0.5?3.39274.75)?2.01?400?4650.5?0?483.02KN?h0故截面满足要求

(2)正截面承载力计算及配筋

a??250?0.3h0

取a?0.3h0?0.3?465?139.5mm Fhfy?378560?139.50.85?300?465?1.2?4.74300?445.38mm2As?Fva0.85fyh0?1.2??minbh?0.2%?400?500?400mm222且不小于4Ф12(As?452mm),故取为4Ф12,As?452mm

(3)斜截面受剪承载力

由于截面验算时斜裂缝控制条件要比斜截面受剪承载力要求严格,因此满足截面验算后,不再需要对牛腿的斜截面受剪承载力进行计算,只需要按照构造要求设置水平箍筋和弯起钢筋即可

a??250?0.3h0,牛腿内可不设置弯起钢筋箍筋,选择为?8@120,且满足 23?465?50.3?2120?259.88mm2?As2?226mm2即上部

23h0范围内的水平箍筋总截面面积不小

于承受竖向力的水平纵向受拉钢筋截面面积的(4)局部承压强度验算

选择加载板的尺寸为400×400mm, FvkA?274.75?10400?400312

?1.72?0.75fc?0.75?14.3?10.73KN

满足要求

基础设计

本工程拟采用柱下独立杯口锥形扩展基础,室外绝对标高为34.66m~33.39m,地基持力层为新近沉积的粘质粉土、砂质粉土层○4,基础埋置标高为32.60m或以下,地基承载力标准值综合考虑为

fak?190KN/m,根据持力层粉土的性质,?b?0.5,?d?2.0,基础底面以下土的自重为

33??20.4KN/m,基础底面以上土的加权平均重度取?m?20KN/m

2基础采用C20混凝土

(1) 初步确定基础高度和杯口尺寸

根据建筑地基基础设计规范8.2.5条规定,柱子的插入深度h1?0.9h?1000?0.9?900mm,杯底厚度?1?250mm,杯壁厚度t≥350mm,且大于基础梁宽度370mm,取为t=375mm,杯壁高度h2?450mm,a2?250?50?300mm

杯口深度为900+50=950mm

杯口顶部尺寸:宽为400+75?2=550mm,长为1000+75?2=1150mm 杯口底部尺寸:宽为400+50?2=500mm,长为1000+50?2=1100mm 基础总高度为900+50+250=1200mm

基础顶面至室外地面的高度为900mm,即基础埋深为1200+900=2100mm

(2) 确定基础底面尺寸

自内力标准值组合表中选出基础顶面最不利的两种荷载设计值如下: 1+Mmax,k=366.31KN·M ○

2+Mmax,k=306.39KN·M ○

Nk=-632.76KN Nk=-372.42KN Nk=-457.82KN

Vk=-47.50KN Vk=-46.92KN Vk=-26.46KN

3-Mmax,k=-280.69KN·M ○

当基础宽度大于3m或埋置深度大于0.5m时,从载荷试验或其它原位测试、经验值等方法确定的地基承载力特征值,尚应按下式修正(先假定基础宽度b=3m):

fa?fak??b?(b?3)??d?m(d?0.5)=190+0.5×20.4×(3-3)+2.0×20×(2.1-0.5)

=254KN/m2

先按轴心受压估算

A?Nkfa??md=

632.76254?20?2.1?2.98m

2初步选定底面尺寸为6m2,b=3m,l=2m

lb62W??2?362?3m

3

Gk??mbld?20?3?2?2.1?252KN

地基承载力验算

由基础梁传至基础顶面的外墙及基础梁自重标准值为:

Nwk=0.37×19×0.5×[(14.59+0.5)×6-(4.5×3.6+4.5×2.1)]+24.8/2 = 240.49KN 作用于基础底面的力矩和轴力标准值 第一组荷载

Mbk?Mk?Nwkew?Vkh?366.31?240.49?(0.372?0.5)?47.5?1.2?258.57KN·m

Nbk?Nk?Nwk?632.76?240.49?873.25KN

基础边缘的最大和最小压力值分别为:

pmax,k?Nbk?GkblNbk?Gkbl?MbkWMbkW?873.25?2526873.25?2526?258.573258.573?273.73KN/m

2pmin,k?????101.35KN/m

2校核

pmax,k?273.73KN/m?1.2fa?254?1.2?304.8KN/m

1122(pmax,k?pmin,k)?(273.73?101.35)?187.54KN/m?fa?254KN/m 2222第二组荷载

Mbk?Mk?Nwkew?Vkh?306.39?240.49?(0.372?0.5)?46.92?1.2?197.96KN·m

Nbk?Nk?Nwk?372.42?240.49?612.91KN

基础边缘的最大和最小压力值分别为:

pmax,k?Nbk?GkblNbk?Gkbl?MbkWMbkW2?612.91?2526612.91?2526?197.963197.963?210.14KN/m

2pmin,k?????78.17KN/m

22pmax,k?210.14KN/m?1.2fa?254?1.2?304.8KN/m

1122(pmax,k?pmin,k)?(210.14?78.17)?144.15KN/m?fa?254KN/m 22第三组荷载

Mbk?Mk?Nwkew?Vkh?280.69?240.49?(0.372?0.5)?26.46?1.2?413.67KN·m

Nbk?Nk?Nwk?457.82?240.49?698.31KN

基础边缘的最大和最小压力值分别为:

pmax,k?Nbk?GkblNbk?Gkbl?MbkWMbkW?698.31?2526698.31?2526?413.673413.673?296.28KN/m

2pmin,k?????20.50KN/m

2校核

pmax,k?296.28KN/m?1.2fa?254?1.2?304.8KN/m

1122(pmax,k?pmin,k)?(296.28?20.50)?158.39KN/m?fa?254KN/m 2222故截面的尺寸满足要求 (3)验算基础高度 地基净反力设计值计算

自内力设计值组合表中选出基础顶面最不利的三种荷载设计值如下: (1)+Mmax=507.19KN·M N=-811.38KN V=-65KN (2)+Mmax=423.30KN·M (3)-Mmax=-398.60KN·M 基础及其上填土自重设计值:

N=-446.90KN N=-566.46KN

V=-63.91KN V=-38.82KN

G?1.2?mbld?1.2?20?3?2?2.1?302.4KN

由基础梁传至基础顶面的外墙及基础梁自重设计值为:

Nw=1.2×0.37×19×0.5×[(14.59+0.5)×6-(4.5×3.6+4.5×2.1)]+24.8/2×1.2 = 288.59KN 作用于基础底面的力矩和轴力设计值 第一组荷载

M?M?New?Vh?507.19?288.59?(0.372?0.5)?65?1.2?387.51KN·m

N?N?Nw?811.38?288.59?1099.96KN

第二组荷载

M?M?New?Vh?423.30?288.59?(0.372?0.5)?63.91?1.2?302.31KN·m

N?N?Nw?446.90?288.59?735.49KN

第三组荷载

M?M?New?Vh?398.60?288.59?(0.372?0.5)?38.82?1.2?549.70KN·m

N?N?Nw?566.46?288.59?855.05KN

根据下面两个公式,可以计算得到地基净反力设计值:

ps,max?Nbl?MW

ps,min?Nbl?MW

第二组 m M= 302.31KN·N=735.49KN 组反 力 ps,max 第一组 合 m M=387.51KN·N=1099.96KN 第三组 m M=549.70KN·N=855.05KN 312.50 54.16 223.35 21.81 325.74 -40.73 ps,min 第三组基础净反力出现负值,而基础和地基的接触面是不可能产生拉应力的,应采用下面的方法计算其边缘最大压力 令e?MN?2N3al549.70855.05??0.643?0.6

a?b2?e?1.5?0.643?0.857

ps,max?2?855.053?0.857?2?332.57KN

ps,min?0

由基础的尺寸可知,自柱与基础交接处以及基础变阶处作出的45°斜线分别与杯壁和边缘高度相交,这说明从柱边和变阶处产生冲切破坏,不必进行验算 (3)基础底板配筋计算

asI=40mm,基础底面配筋采用HPB235一级钢,fy?210N/mm,基础下做100mm厚混凝土垫层,

2沿基础长边方向,柱边截面Ⅰ1-Ⅰ1和Ⅰ2-Ⅰ2的弯矩可按下式计算

MI?112a1[(2l?a)(ps,max?ps,I)?(ps,max?ps,I)l]

2'垂直于弯矩作用方向上,Ⅱ1-Ⅱ1和Ⅱ2-Ⅱ2截面的弯矩设计值可按下式计算

MⅡ?1'2'(l?a)(2b?b)(ps,max?ps,min) 48各个截面的参量如下:

'Ⅰ1-Ⅰ1:a=0.4,a1=1.0,h0I1?h??sI?1200?40?1160mm

'Ⅰ2-Ⅰ2:a=1.3,a1=0.55,h0I2?h?h2??sI?1200??450?40?710mm

''Ⅱ1-Ⅱ1:a=0.4,b=1,h0I1?h??sI?1200?40?1160mm

''Ⅱ2-Ⅱ2:a=1.3,b=1.9,h0I2?h?h2??sI?1200??450?40?710mm

根据ps,max和ps,min可以计算得到各个截面处的ps,从而得到内力计算结果如下表所示

内力 ps,max 组 合 ps,min ps,I1 ps,I2 MI1 MI2 MⅡ 1MⅡ2 第一组 第二组 第三组 312.50 223.35 332.57 54.16 21.81 0 226.45 156.17 203.22 265.13 186.40 261.43 MI211.96 150.35 218.01

76.34 54.09 78.11 85.55 57.20 77.60 29.57 19.77 26.82 沿长边方向b的配置的受拉钢筋截面面积为As,I?0.9fyh0IMⅡ沿短边方向l的配置的受拉钢筋截面面积为As,Ⅱ?得到各组内力组合下底板的配筋如下表 组 合 内力 MI10.9fy(h0I?d)

MI2 MⅡ 1MⅡ2 AsI1 AsI2 AsII1 AsII2 第一组 第二组 第三组 211.96 150.35 218.01 76.34 54.09 78.11 85.55 57.20 77.60 29.57 19.77 26.82 966.78 685.80 994.41 568.93 403.10 582.05 393.62 263.19 357.03 223.50 149.44 202.72 2得到长边方向的配筋AsI?994.41mm,短边方向的配筋AsII?393.62mm2

2长边方向选择13?10,AsI?1021mm ,即?10@160

2短边方向选择按照构造配筋,选择14?10,AsII?1099mm,即?10@200,

当扩展基础的混凝土强度等级小于柱的混凝土强度等级时,尚应验算柱下扩展基础顶面的局部受压承载力:

NA?811380400?1000?2.02N/mm2?fc?9.6N/mm 满足要求

2地震作用和结构抗震验算 厂房的横向抗震验算

横向抗震计算中有以下几点假定和考虑原则:

(1)屋盖为有限刚性体,屋盖沿地震作用方向产生水平剪切变形,并考虑屋盖变形对厂房排架地震作用的影响。

(2)按照平面排架计算地震作用,假设厂房每一榀排架为一个独立隔离的计算单元,其周期和地震作用均按照平面排架进行计算 (3)可将平面排架简化为质量集中在柱顶而底部为固定的单质点或多质点的平面竖杆体系,按照结构动力学的基本院里和方法进行结构的动力分析

(4)结构的地震作用效应均按弹性阶段考虑,可以采用线性叠加原理

(5)厂房排架在地震作用下的变形主要是剪切变形,地震作用沿厂房高度按倒三角形分布

(6)在求的相应的地震作用后,将地震作用视为等效的静力荷载,按静力荷载对厂房排架进行结构内力计算分析

(7)厂房排架的地震作用效应,应与其他重力荷载效应进行计算组合,求的组合地震作用效应 (8)按照平面排架计算所得到的基本周期,应考虑纵向以及屋架和柱顶连接节点的固结作用对排架

刚度的影响,进行周期的缩短修正

(9)对单跨厂房只考虑一台吊车,按对柱截面受力最不利进行组合,软钩吊车的吊重不予考虑,吊车的水平制动力不予考虑,吊车桥架产生的水平地震作用,由排架左右2柱共同承担,各取一半地震作用值,在计算排架基本周期时,吊车桥架重力荷载影响很小,一般不予考虑,但在计算排架地震作用时,吊车桥架的重力荷载应予考虑计入 1、建立结构计算简图

取一个柱距的单榀平面排架为计算单元,质量集中在柱顶标高处的单质点系,用原结构体系的最大动能和质量集中到柱顶质点的折算体系的最大动能相等的原则求的等效重力荷载代表值 质点等效集中系数表如下: 集中到柱顶的各部分结构重力 位于柱顶以上部位的结构及屋面重力荷载(屋盖、雪、檐墙等) 单跨厂房柱 与柱等高的纵墙 吊车梁 吊车桥架

计算周期时:

G?1.0(Gr?0.5Gsn)?0.25Gc?0.25Gwl?0.5Gb

等效集中系数 周期 1.0 0.25 0.25 0.5 0 内力 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.75 0.5 计算地震作用时:

G?1.0(Gr?0.5Gsn)?0.5Gc?0.5Gwl?0.75Gb?0.5Gcr

G表示等效集中重力荷载,下标符号分别代表 r——屋盖 sn——雪载 c——柱子 wl——外纵墙 b——吊车梁 cr——吊车桥架

计算地震作用时,建筑的重力荷载代表值应取结构和构配件自重标准值和各可变荷载组合值之和。各可变荷载的组合值系数,应按下表采用

可变荷载种类 雪荷载 屋面积灰荷载 屋面活荷载 起重机悬吊重物 硬钩吊车 软钩吊车 组合值系数 0.5 0.5 不计入 0.3 不计入 由此得到各种荷载的等效重力荷载如下表所示: 荷载 Gr 等效重力荷载 [(0.2+0.48+0.4+1.5)×30×6+(0.7+0.4+0.2+2.13) ×6×0.68×2+0.25×30×6+45.50] =582.89kN Gsn Gc Gwl 0 (15.6+48.88)×2=128.96kN [6×(14.59+0.5)-4.5×(3.6+2.1)] ×0.37×19×2=912.35kN (2.82×10+38×6+0.85×10) ×2=77.96kN 31.6×10=316kN Gb Gcr G(周期) 1.0×582.89+0.25×128.56+0.25×912.35+0.5×77.96=882.10kN G(内力) 1.0×582.89+0. 5×128.56+0.5×912.35+0.75×77.96+0.5×316=1319.82kN 计算模型中的抗侧移刚度 C0?331??(1n?1)?331?0.28(10.08?1)?2.40

???H341380039EcIlC03.0?10?25.59?10?2.4?1.43?10?3

排架柱抗侧移刚度D0?1???11.43?10?3?701.08kN/m

平面排架的抗侧移刚度D?2D0?1402.15kN/m

GD882101402.15?103结构自振周期T?2??2?3.14??1.58s

由钢筋混凝土屋架或钢屋架与钢筋混凝土柱组成的排架,有纵墙时取周期计算值的80%,无纵墙时取90%,则

T?0.8?1.58?1.264s

抗震设防烈度为7度,多遇地震,设计基本加速度为0.15g,设计地震分组为第一组,场地类别为Ⅱ类,查得:

水平地震影响系数的最大值为?max?0.08 由于Tg?0.35s?T?1.264s?5Tg?1.75s

抗震规范5.1.5条规定:除有专门规定外,建筑结构的阻尼比应取0.05,??0.9,?2?1.0 (则??TgT)?2?max?(?特征周期Tg?0.35s

0.351.264)0.9?1?0.08?0.025

则水平地震作用FEK??G?0.025?1319.82?33.00kN 排架底部的总地震剪力为33.00kN

柱顶处的横向水平地震作用即为:F1?FEK?33.00kN 计算吊车梁面标高处由吊车桥架引起的横向水平地震作用

(G1+G2)/4(G1+G2)/41000500060001/61G(G1?G2)13161cr?4(1?6)?4?(1?6)?92.17kN

Fcr??Hcr1GcrH?0.025?92.17?10.513.8?1.75kN

排架地震作用效应计算

(1)柱顶横向水平地震作用下的排架地震效应 ηA=ηB=0.5

VA?VF?0.5?33.00?16.50kN

地震效应图如下所示

16.516.516.564.3564.3564.3564.35227.7227.7227.7227.716.516.516.5AM图FAV图F(2)吊车地震作用下的排架地震作用效应的计算简图如图所示,吊车地震作用分别由排架左右两柱共同承受 A柱

yH?3?0.77

u3.9由n=0.08,?=0.28得到

16.516.5当

yHu2-2.4???(?0.8时

C5??0.4)n?0.55 132[1??(-1)]n330.112当

yHu2-2.1???(?0.7时

0.243n1nC5?2[1??(3?0.1)?0.59

-1)]插入法得到

C5?0.59?0.070.1?0.04?0.562

RA??Fcr?C5?1.75?0.562??0.99KN

F柱和A柱相同,RF?RA??1.83KN R?RA?RF??3.66kN

将R反方向作用于排架柱顶,得到各柱的柱顶剪力 VA?RA-?AR?0

VF?RF-?FR?0

地震效应如图所示:

FcrFcr1.581.581.581.58-1.751.751.75-1.75-1.7518.918.91.751.75-1.75AFAM图18.918.9FAV图F根据抗震规范,吊车地震作用效应要乘以增大系数,本工程为钢结构无檩屋盖,两端均有山墙,边柱增大系数选择2.0,放大后的吊车地震作用效应为 M1?1.58?2?3.16kN·m M2?18.9?2?37.8kN·m

V1?1.75?2?3.5kN

V2?1.75?2?3.5kN

排架地震作用效应和其他荷载效应的组合 有吊车厂房排架柱截面的效应组合

地震作用效应与吊车竖向重力荷载产生的排架柱的作用效应的组合为

S??GSGE??EhSEh

式中

SGE为重力荷载代表值,按照建筑抗震规范5.1.3条规定取值,但有吊车时,尚应包括悬吊物重力标

准值的效应

SEh为经过调整或增大的水平地震作用标准的效应

?G和?Eh分别取1.2和1.3

组合时,每跨只取一台吊车,对水平荷载只考虑吊车桥架自重产生的水平地震作用,不考虑吊车水平横向制动力吊重重力荷载,对竖向荷载,吊车桥架自重和吊重均需计入,吊重的取值应根据对排架柱的最不利组合采用 只考虑一台吊车时

Dmax?Pmax(1?16)?147?(1?16)?171.5kN

Dmin?PminPmaxDmax?57.1147?171.5?66.62kN

Mmax=171.5×0.25=42.87kN·m

RAMmin=66.62×0.25=16.66kN·m

RF??MmaxHC3??42.8713.8?1.10??3.42KN ?MminHC3?16.6613.8?1.10?1.33KN

R?RA?RF??3.42?1.33??2.09KN

将R反作用于排架柱顶,按分配系数求的各个排架柱的柱顶剪力 VA?RA??AR??3.42?0.5?2.09??2.38KN VF?RF??FR?1.33?0.5?2.09?2.38KN

MⅠ?Ⅰ??2.38?3.9??9.28kN·m,MⅢ?Ⅲ?42.87?2.38?13.8?10.03kN·m VI?I?2.38kN,VⅢ?Ⅲ??2.38kN

对于排架柱Ⅰ-Ⅰ截面

MⅠ?Ⅰ?1.2?(20.71?0?9.28)?1.3?(64.35?3.16)?101.48kN·m

VI?I?1.2?(?8.87?0?2.38)?1.3?(16.5?3.5)?18.21

排架柱Ⅲ-Ⅲ截面

MⅢ?Ⅲ?1.2?(25.26?2.94?10.03)?1.3?(227.7?37.8)?391.03kN·m VⅢ?Ⅲ?1.2?(?8.87?0?2.38)?1.3?(16.5?3.5)?18.21kN

两个截面的内力组合相对于配筋采用的内力值都不是最不利的,而?RE<0,故满足S?R?RE的要求

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