牵引变电所电气主接线设计 - 图文

摘 要

根据要求本设计将采用AT供电方式，复线区段供电，单相V，v接线。 通过负荷计算，完成供电臂的平均电流计算，有效电流计算，确定牵引主变压器容量并进行校核等，同时对主变压器的接线方式进行详细的说明。确定主接线方式，运用AutoCAD绘制出电气主接线图及平面图。

进行短路计算，包括高压侧输电线短路、低压侧母线短路和牵引网短路的计算。根据短路计算结果选择变电所中的断路器、隔离开关、电流互感器、电压互感器等电气设备和低压侧母线型号的校验，以及避雷和接地装置的选择和校验，还要对高压电气设备的选择和校验。

最后,进行牵引变电所的谐波的分析和无功功率补偿分析。 本设计符合设计规范，满足运行要求，具有较强的实用性。

关键词: 牵引变电所 负荷计算 短路计算

Abstract

According to the requirements this design uses the AT power supply mode, double track power and the connection form of single-phase Vv mode.

Load calculation to determine the traction of the main transformer capacity, the number of units to conduct a detailed description of the wiring of the main transformer. To determine the main wiring, use AutoCAD to draw the main electrical wiring diagrams and floor plans.

Short circuit calculation, including the high pressure side of the transmission line short-circuit, the low pressure side of the bus short circuit and traction network short-circuit calculation. Selected according to short-circuit calculations substation circuit breakers, isolation switches, current transformers, voltage transformers and other electrical equipment and low-voltage side of the bus model calibration, as well as lightning protection and grounding device selection and validation, but also on the high-pressure selection and verification of electrical equipment. Then the choice of the high-voltage electrical equipment and calibration are done.

Finally，the harmonic analysis and reactive power compensation analysis of the traction substation are done.

The design is in line with the national standards, can meet the operational requirements and gain great practicality.

Key words: traction substation load calculation short circuit calculation

目 录

第1章 概论 ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 课题研究的目的意义 ............................................................................................ 1 1.2 电气化铁道发展现状 ............................................................................................ 1 1.3 牵引变电所介绍 .................................................................................................... 2 1.4 本设计的主要内容 ................................................................................................ 2 第2章 牵引变电所电气主接线设计和所址的选择 ....................................................... 3 2.1 电气主接线介绍 .................................................................................................... 3 2.2 牵引变电所主接线设计 ........................................................................................ 3 2.2.1 电气主接线设计的基本要求 .......................................................................... 3 2.2.2 牵引变电所主接线的设计 .............................................................................. 4 2.3 牵引变电所所址的选择 ........................................................................................ 6 第3章 牵引变压器的选择和容量计算 ........................................................................... 7 3.1 牵引变压器的选择步骤 ........................................................................................ 7 3.2 牵引变压器容量计算 ............................................................................................ 7 3.2.1 供电臂1、2平均电流的计算 ........................................................................ 8 3.2.2 供电臂1、2有效电流的计算 ...................................................................... 10 3.2.3 变压器容量的计算 ........................................................................................ 11 3.2.4 变压器校核容量的计算 ................................................................................ 11 3.2.5 变压器安装容量的计算 ................................................................................ 12 第4章 短路计算 ............................................................................................................. 13 4.1 短路的原因及危害 .............................................................................................. 13

4.2 短路计算 .............................................................................................................. 13 4.2.1 一次侧短路计算 ............................................................................................ 15 4.2.2 二次侧短路计算 ............................................................................................ 15 第5章 牵引变电所电气设备的选择及校验 ................................................................. 17 5.1 电气设备选择的一般原则 .................................................................................. 17 5.2 断路器的选择与校验 .......................................................................................... 17 5.2.1 六氟化硫断路器 ............................................................................................ 18 5.2.2 真空断路器 .................................................................................................... 18 5.3 隔离开关的选择与校验 ...................................................................................... 20 5.4 互感器的选择与校验 .......................................................................................... 21 5.4.1 电流互感器的选择与校验 ............................................................................ 21 5.4.2 电压互感器的选择与校验 ........................................................................... 22 5.5 避雷器的选择 ...................................................................................................... 23 5.6 防雷及接地 .......................................................................................................... 24 第6章 牵引变电所保护配置 ......................................................................................... 25 6.1 牵引变压器的保护 .............................................................................................. 25 6.2 馈线的保护 .......................................................................................................... 26 第7章 牵引变电所的谐波分析与无功功率补偿 ......................................................... 28 7.1 谐波产生的原因 .................................................................................................. 28 7.2 谐波的危害 .......................................................................................................... 28 7.3 减少谐波影响的措施 .......................................................................................... 28 7.4 无功功率补偿 ...................................................................................................... 29 第8章 结论 ....................................................................................................................... 31 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 32 致谢 ..................................................................................................................................... 33 附录A 外文翻译 ............................................................................................................. 34

附录B 设计图纸 ............................................................................................................. 45

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