小学定冠词和不定冠词练习题

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冠词 冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。 I. 不定冠词的用法： 指一类人或事，相当于 a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you. 表示“每一”相当于 every,one We study eight hours a day. 表示“相同”相当于 the same We are nearly of an age. 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out 某名人有类似性质的人或事 That boy is rather a Lei Feng. A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a 用于固定词组中 walk, many a time 用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, This room is rather a big one. such 之后 用于 so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. II. 定冠词的用法： 表示某一类人或物 The horse is a useful animal. 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的 Would you mind opening the door? 人或事 用于乐器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” the Greens, the Wangs 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级 He is the taller of the two children. 前 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛 the United States, the Communist Party of 的名词前 China, the French 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China. 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年 in the 1990’s 代 用于表示单位的名词前 I hired the car by the hour. 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时 He patted me on the shoulder. 间的词组前 III. 零冠词的用法： 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 名等名词前 名词前有 this, my, whose, some, no, each, I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is every 等限制 this? 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America. 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess. 与 by 连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land 以 and 连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals.

冠词重点知识归纳及讲解

（一）概说

1．冠词是一种虚词，不能独立担任一个成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。英语中有两个冠词：

1）定冠词the

2）不定冠词a/an

定冠词the通常读作[]，在元音前读作[i]，特别强调或单念时读作[i:]。

不定冠词在元音音素开始的单词前用an这个形式，读作[n]；在其他情况下则使用a，读作[]。

2．冠词的基本意义

不定冠词a/an与数词one同源，表示“一个”的意思，用在可数名词单数前。

例如：

She is a nurse. 她是个护士。

He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife.

他是一位英国人，有一个爱尔兰妻子。

定冠词the，与this同源，有“这（那）个”的意思，但比较弱，表示一（几）个特定的人或东西，有时可译作“这个（些）”或“那个（些）”。

例如：

That’s the book you want. 这就是你要的那本书。

Who’s the young man over there? 那边那个年轻人是谁？

但在很多情况下，“这”或“那”这类词在译文中并不出现。

例如：

Put it on the table. 把它放在桌上。

Shut the door, please. 请把门关上。

3．特指和泛指

一般来说，名词有特指和泛指两种情况，请比较下面的句子：

A gentleman is asking to see you. 有位先生要求见你。（泛指）

Ask the gentleman to come in. 请那位先生进来。（特指）

在特指时一般前面要加定冠词，而泛指时则有三种情况： 1）在可数名词单数前加不定冠词。

例如：

She sent me a postcard 她寄给我一张明信片。

2）在可数名词复数前可不加冠词，可使用some, any这类词。

例如：

These are new words. 这些是生词。

She sent me some flowers. 她送给我一些花。

3）在不可数名词前多不加什么，有时也可加some, any等。

例如：

It’s lovely weather. 天气真好。

Do you want any sugar in your tea? 你茶里要放点糖吗？

Give us some help. 给我们一些帮助。

（二）不定冠词的基本用法

1．泛指某一类人或事物中的一个，代表某一类别（不一定译为“一”）

如： His father is a doctor. 他父亲是医生。

2．代表某一类人或事物，相当于any（+名词）（不必译为“一”，但必须用a，表示类别） 如： A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。

3．指某人或某物（不是指某一类），但不具体说明何人或何物（一般译为“一”） 如： This book was written by a worker. 这本书是一位工人写的。

4．表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈（一般译为“一”）

如： Wait a moment. 等一下。

5．表示单位，相当于“每”的意思

如： We have three meals a day. 我们每日吃三餐。

6．用于某此固定词组中 例如：

a few, a little, a bit (of), a lot of等。

（三）定冠词的基本用法

1．特指某（些）人或某（些）事物

如： Give me the book. 把那本书给我。

2．指谈话双方都知道的人或事物

如： Where is the doctor? 医生在哪儿？

3．再次提到上文提到过的人或事物

如： I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary is at home.

昨天我买了一本词典。词典在家里。

4．用在大家所熟悉的、世界上独一无二的事物

如： The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun.

地球比月亮大，但比太阳小。

5．用在序数词和形容词最高级前

如： Mr Wang teaches the first class. 王先生上第一节课。

Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth.

在所有的恒星中，太阳离地球最近。

6．用在单数可数名词，表示某一类人或事物

如：The horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。

7．与下列专有名词连用

1）在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的名称前

如： the Changjiang River, the Great Lake

2）在姓氏的复数名词前，表示夫妇二人或全家人

如： The Greens are sitting at the breakfast table. 格林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁。

8．和某些形容词连用，表示一类人

如： the old 老人 the young 年轻人

the rich 富人 the poor 穷人

the sick 病人 the dead 死人

9．在一些习惯说法中

the east (west, south, north)

in the morning (afternoon, evening)

on the left (right)

in the end

go to the cinema

（四）不用冠词的几种情况

1．在专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前

如： Have you ever been to Shanghai? 你到过上海吗？

We love science. 我们爱好科学。

2．在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前

如： Girls can be scientists. 女孩子可以当科学家。

3．在季节、月份、星期、一日三餐的名称前

如： It is hot in summer. 夏天天气热。

It’s Tuesday, August the 22nd. 今天是八月二十二日，星期三。

Have you had breakfast? 你吃过早饭没有？

4．称呼语或表示头衔，职务的名词前

如： What’s the matter with you, Mike? 怎么啦，迈克？

He is headmaster of our school. 他是我们学校的校长。

5．学科和球类运动的名称前

如： We study English. 我们学习英语。

Do you like to play football? 你喜欢踢足球吗？

6．名词前已有用作定语的this, that my, your, some, any, no, whose, every, each等代词时，不用冠词

如： That is her bike.那是她的自行车。

Each student in his class studies hard. 这个班的每个学生都努力学习。

7．在某些固定词组的名词前

如： at home, at night, after school, by bus, in bed, in town, in front of, go to school, go to bed等。

小学定冠词和不定冠词练习题

1.在空格内填上a或an

1. _____ear 2.______actor 3. _____hen

4. ______toy 5. ______university 6. ______elephant

7. ______hat 8.______umbrella 9.______rabbit

10.______idea 11.______hour 12_______ honest boy

13.______interesting book 14.______easy question

15.______orange dress 16_______apple pie

17_______X-ray machine 18.______ice cream

2.用a,an,the或“/”填空

1.________Washington is _______capital of ________United States of America.

2.There is _________”A” on his paper.

3. I ate ______apple .It’s _______red apple.

4._______tall man over there is my boss. sun.

6.No news is ________good news. Great Wall? football after school. attention. sky? tallest in our class.

12.Did you have

13.Mr.White will go to air.

14.By old woman in glasses?

3.选择填空 old story every night.

A. a B. / C. an D. the computer on the table is Susan’s.

A. A B. An C. The D. / wall. A. a, a, A B. a, the, The C. the, the, The D. the, the, A floor.

A. /, three B. A, third C. The, third D.The, the third winter.

A. /, / B.The, / C.The, the D.A, the shoes yesterday. A. a, The B. a pair of, The C. the, The D. a pair, The pair soldier in the Second World War.

A. a B. an C. the D. / .

A. the tennis, the guitar B. tennis, guitar

C. the tennis, guitar D. tennis, the guitar clouds in the sky.

A. the, a B. a, a C. the, / D. the, the “c” is in “cat.”“s” is in “sat.”

A. An, An B. An, A C. A, A D. A, An Tian’anmen Square is in

A. /, / B. A, / C. The, / D. /, the

12.—nearest bookshop?

—Go straight and turn right at_______third crossing, and you will see it.

A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, /

冠词

随堂监测A组

I. 在下列句子的空格中填上适当的冠词，不需要的地方用“/”表示：

1. This is ______ old map. It is ______ useful map.

2. We have no classes in ______ afternoon on _______ Saturday.

3. ______ spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _______second.

4. Beijing is ______ capital of ______ China. It is _______ beautiful city.

5. Roman was not built in ______ day.

6. Chinese is quite ______ difficult language for Mike.

7. Many ______ students will take ______ active part in sports meet.

8. There is ______ interesting picture on ______ wall.

9. Jenny found ______ wallet lying on ______ground. ______ wallet was Mr. Black’s.

10. Which is ______ biggest, ______ sun, ______ moon, or ______ earth?

11. --- Which picture is more beautiful? --- ______one on ______ left, I think.

12. --- Which is _____ way to ______ hospital?

--- Go down this road and turn left on ______ second crossing.

13. _______ more, _______ better.

14. _______ Turners are sitting at breakfast table.

15. Joe Hill was _______ fighter for ______ working class.

16. When was ______ People’s Republic of China founded?

17. In China ______ first English textbooks were published in _____late nineteenth century.

18. After ______ breakfast he went to ______ school on ______ foot.

19. ______ Huanghe River lies in ______ north of China.

20. He likes playing ______ football. His sister likes playing ______ piano.

II. 单项选择：

1. 上学

A. go to school B. go to the school C. go to a school

2. 住院

A, in the hospital B. in a hospital C. in hospital

3. 此刻

A. at the moment B. at a moment C. at moment

4. 在课堂上

A. in class

5. 在地球上

A. on earth

6. 步行

A. on foot

7. 吃饭

A. at a table

8. 乘公共汽车

A. take bus

9. 在家

A. at the home

10. 在工作

A. at work

11. 跳高

A. jump high

12. 坐飞机

A. by air

13. 乘火车

A. by the train

14. 在校学习

A. in the school

15. 睡觉

A. go to bed

16. 感冒

A. have a cold

17. 乘船

A. by ship

B. in a class B. on an earth B. on the foot B. at the table B. by bus B. at a home B. at the work B. high jump B. by the air B. by train B. in school B. go to the bed B. have the cold B. on ship C. in the class C. on the earth C. on feet C. at table C. by the bus C. at home C. at works C. the high jump C. on air C. on train C. in schools C. go to a bed C. have cold C. by a ship

18. 玩得痛快

A. have good times B. have a good time C. have good times

19. 事实上

A. in the fact B. in facts C. in fact

21. 从早到晚

A. from morning to the evening

B. from morning to evening

C. from a morning to an evening

随堂监测B组

选择填空

1. There is ______ old woman in the car.

A. / B. the C. a D. an

2. Shanghai is in _______ east of China.

A. / B. an C. the D. a

3. Bill is ______ English teacher. He likes playing ______ football.

A. a, the B. an, the C. a, / D. /, /

4. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _____ hour to go there by ______ bus.

A. an, / B. an, a C. a, / D. /, /

5. The story is ______ interesting. That means it is ______ interesting story.

A. an, the B. the, a. C. /, an D. /, a

6. Let’s go for ______ walk, shall we?

A. a B. an C. the D. /

7. This is ______ interesting story-book and it is also ______ useful one.

A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a, an

8. _______ woman over there is ______ popular teacher in our school.

A. A, an B. The, a C. The , the D. A, the

9. They passed our school ______ day before yesterday.

A. an B. one C. a D. the

10. Australia is ______ English-speaking country.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

11. Don’t play ______ basketball here. It’s dangerous.

A. a B. an C. / D. the

12. This is ______ apple. It’s _______ big apple.

A. an, a B. a, the C. a, an D. an, the

13. --- Have you seen ______ bag? I left it here just now.

--- Is it ______ one on the chair near the door?

A. a, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, a

14. I have ______ blue coat.

A. a B. an C. the D. some

15. This is _____ orange. _______ orange is on the table.

A. a, The B. an, The C. an, An D. the, An

16. Have you had ______ breakfast?

A. a B. an C. the D. /

17. He wondered when the doctor could finish _____ operation. A. a B. an

C. the D. any

18. After ______ supper, he stayed at home and played ______ violin.

A. the, the B. /, the C. /, a D. /, /

19. There is ______ apple on the plate.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

20. He said that he got ______ “ C” in the test.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

21. ______ new bridge has been built over ______ Huangpu River.

A. The, a B. A, / C. A, the D. An, an

22. English is _______ useful language in ______ world.

A. an, the B. a, the C. the, the D. an, an

23. In the word “ cariage” _______ “ r” is lost.

A. the B. an C. a D. /

24. With the help of his teacher he studied hard and got ______ “ A” in the test.

A. a B. an C. the D. one

25. I have two dogs. ______ black one is two years old and ______ yellow one is three years old.

A. A, a B. The, a C. The, the D. A. the

26. Li Dan can play ______ piano very well.

A. / B. a C. an D. the

27. What ______ interesting film it is! I like ______ film very much.

A. a, the B. a, a C. an, the D. The, /

28. ______ tall man over there is our ______ English teacher.

A. A, the B. The, a C. A, an D. The, /

小学英语冠词的用法提高专题精讲及同步练习

冠词虽小，只有a，an和the三个，但却是历年各地考试必考语言点之一。就考查题型而言，以单项选择为主，有时在完形填空中出现。从命题意图看，以考查不定冠词a和an的用法区别、不定冠词和定冠词的用法区别为主。同时考查冠词的各种不同用法。 -考查重点

冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和an的用法，定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。其中，不定冠词与定冠词的用法区别以及在具体语言环境中冠词的应用是历年中考试题考查的热点，也是今后的考查方向。

一.冠词概述

冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义

冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念，只表示名词为不特定者。

定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”，“那”，“这些”，“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用

二.a和an的区别

不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。

例如：a boy，a university，a european country；

an hour，an honour，an island，an elephant，an umbrella

三.不定冠词的用法

1.泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。

2.泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。

3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。

4.表示“每一”，相当于every. 例如，i go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。

5.用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。例如，i have three books. i want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。

6.用在某些固定词组中：a lot(of)许多，大量；after a while过一会儿

四.定冠词的用法

1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。

2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。例如：open the window，please.请打开窗户。

3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。例如：i have a car. the car is red.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。

4.指世界上独一无二的事物。 例如：which is bigger，the sun or the earth？哪一个大，太阳还是地球？

5.用在序数词，形容词最高级前。例如：the first lesson is the easiest one in this book.

第一课是这本书最简单的一课。

6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，the great wall 长城，the united states美国

7.用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。例如:the poor穷人,the blind盲人

8用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。例如：the greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩

9.用在方位词前。例如:on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间

10.用在乐器名称前。例如：she plays the piano every day.她每天弹钢琴。

11.用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。

例如：the black sea黑海，the yangzi river长江

12.用在某些固定词组中：all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外

五.零冠词的用法

1.在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如，class two二班，tian’an men square天安门广场，water水

2.可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时。

例如my book(正)；my the book(误)

3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。

例如，they are teachers.他们是老师。

tigers like meat.老虎喜欢吃肉

4.在星期，月份，季节，节日前。例如：on sunday在周日，in march在三月，in spring在春天，on women’s day在妇女节

(特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：he joined the army in the spring of 1982.他在1982年春季参军。)

5.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：tom汤姆，mum妈妈

6.在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如：i have lunch at school every day. 特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：i can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。where’s the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)

7.在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。例如：no.25 middle school

8.某些固定词组中不用冠词。

(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前：by bus乘公共汽车；by car乘汽车；by bike骑/坐自行车；by train乘火车；by air/plane乘飞机；by sea/ship乘船，但take a bus，in a boat，on the bike前需用冠词

(2)名词词组：day and night日日夜夜；brother and sister兄弟姐妹;hour after hour时时刻刻；here and there到处

(3)介词词组：at home在家；in surprise惊奇地；at noon在中午;on foot步行；at night在晚上；on duty值日；at work在工作；on time准时；for example例如；in class在上课；on show展览；in bed在床上

(4)go短语：go home回家；go to bed上床睡觉；go to school去上学；go to work去上班；go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼

六.用与不用冠词的差异

in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里

go to sea出海/go to the sea去海边

on earth究竟/on the earth在地球上，在世上

in front of在 (外部的)前面/in the front of在 (内部的)前面

take place发生/take the place(of)代替

at table进餐/at the table在桌子旁

by sea乘船/by the sea在海边

in future从今以后，将来/in the future未来

go to school(church )上学(做礼拜 )/go to the school(church )到学校(教堂 )去 on horseback骑着马/on the horseback在马背上

two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人)

out of question毫无疑问/out of the question不可能的，办不到的

next year明年/the next year 第二年

a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)

七、例题剖析

例1.he gave my sister ＿＿＿＿useful book yesterday.

a. an b. a c. / d. the

【答案】b useful的第一个音素为[ju] 故选b。

例2.my brother is＿＿＿＿ honest boy， so he has many friends.

a. a b. an c. the d. /

【答案】b honest 的第一个音素为元音。

例3.more college graduates would like to work in＿＿＿＿ west part of country＿＿＿＿ next year.

a. the; the b. /; / c. /; the d. the; /

【答案】a 方位名词前加the，in the west part；由句意可知为第二年，即the next year。 例4.there is a big tree＿＿＿＿ the house.

a. in the front of b. in front of

c. in front d. at class

【答案】b 由句意可知是物体外部的前面。

例5.jim always answers the teacher’s questions _______.

a. in class b. in the class

c. after class d. at class

【答案】a 课上回答老师的问题，故选in class。

八、同步练习

1.There is _____ apple on the desk.

a. a b .the c. an d./

2.The girl under ____ tree is my sister.

a. a b .the c .an d./

3.Mary is from _____ USA.

a. a b. the c. an d./

4.He met _____ friend of his on the road.

a. a b .the c .an d./

5.Mr Black will go back to England______.

a .by air b .by a plane c. by trains d. at a train

6.Yesterday i went to＿＿＿＿ work on ＿＿＿＿foot.

a. /， / b ./， the c .the， / d. the， the

7.There is ＿＿＿＿“h” in the word “hour”， but＿＿＿＿ “h”doesn’t make a sound. a. a， a b. a， the c. the， an d .an. the

8.I’m going to see my mother. She is ill ____.

a. in hospital b. in the hospital

c. in a hospital d. at a hospital

9. We have three meals ＿＿＿＿day. we have breakfast at 6：30 in ＿＿＿＿morning every day.

a. the， the， the b. the， /， the

c. a， /， the d .a， the， the

10.——This is＿＿＿＿ film i’ve told you about several times.

——It’s great. i’ve never seen ___ more moving one.

a. a， a b. the， the c. the， a d. a， the

11.——Tina，could you please play＿＿＿＿ piano for me while i’m singing？ ——With pleasure.

a .a b. an c. the d. /

12.Iwant to try again. please give me＿＿＿＿ third chance again.

a .a b. the c. an d. /

13. ——What’s the matter with you？

——Icaught＿＿＿＿ bad cold and had to stay in＿＿＿＿ bed.

a. a; / b. a; the c. a; a d. the; the

14.＿＿＿＿ sun is shining brightly.

a. a b. an c. the d. /

15. Swimming is＿＿＿＿ in summer.

a. a great fun b. great fun c. great funs d. great a fun

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