(完整版)外研版八年级下册英语Module3Journeytospace知识点讲解与练习(有答案)

Module 3 Journey to space

1.shelf/?elf/n.隔板；架子

【考点分析】shelf为可数名词，其复数形式为shelves。

【拓展】可数名词以f/fe 结尾的，要把f/fe 改为v，再加es

【例题】There are two __________________（刀）and three forks on the desk.【knives】

2.most of ……中的大多数

【考点分析】most of 修饰主语时谓语动词的单复数

不可数名词——接单数谓语动词

most of +

复数名词——接复数谓语动词

eg. Most of the time has gone. 大部分时间已经过去了。

Most of them are leaving for Guangzhou. 他们中的大多数人要去广州。

【例题】Most of the food delicious in the restaurant. 【C】

A.taste

B.sound

C.tastes

D.sounds

3.（高频）must一定，必定

【考点分析】辨析must，may和can't

【例题】—Are the glasses Tim's？

—No，they _________ be his.He doesn't wear glasses. 【D】

A.must

B.can

C.mustn't

D.can't

4.show sb. sth.向某人展示某物

【考点分析】表示“向某人展示某物”有两种说法：show sb.sth.＝show sth.to sb.表示方向性的动词

后跟双宾语时，表人的宾语（即间接宾语）放在直接宾语后面时，前面要加介词to或for。eg：Please show that letter to me. 请把那封信拿给我看看。

【例题】同义句转换。

She showed us her new sweater last week.

She showed her new sweater__________ ___________ last week. 【to us】

5.with /wIe/prep.用……

【考点分析】

with介词，常见用法见下表：

表示“和”，后跟代词或名词。Come with me，please.请跟我来。

表示“带有，有”。 a house with a small garden带有一个小花园的房子

表示“使用某种工具”。Please cut the apple into halves with the knife.

请用刀把这个苹果切成两半。

用于某些固定搭配。with the help of... 在……的帮助下

6.（高频）value/'v?lju?/n.价值；有用性

【考点分析】value为名词，其形容词为valuable，固定短语be of value意为“有价值”，相当于be valuable。value前可有great，little，no修饰。

be of value to do sth. 做某事有价值

be of value to sb. 对某人有价值

【例题】This kind of suit will be sold for $600，which is far more than its real __________. 【A】

A.value

B.cost

C.money

D.price

7. make sb.do sth.使某人做某事

【考点分析】make是使役动词，后常接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。下列动词（词组）也可接不带to的动词不定式作宾补：

【例题】The show was so funny that it made everyone ___________again and again. 【A】

3d71e251fd00bed5b9f3f90f76c66137ee064fa4ugh

3d71e251fd00bed5b9f3f90f76c66137ee064fa4ughed

3d71e251fd00bed5b9f3f90f76c66137ee064fa4ughing

D.to laugh

8.as a result因此，结果

【考点分析】辨析result，as a result和

as a result of

eg:I was late,with the result that I missed my train. 我迟到了，结果我没有赶上火车。There was a heavy rain yesterday.As a result, we had to stay at home.

昨天有一场大雨，结果我们不得不呆在家里。

Jack couldn’t go to word as a result of the fall from the bike.

由于杰克从自行车上摔下来，他不能去工作了

【例题】He was late ________the heavy snow. 【C】

A.result

B.as a result

C.as a result of

D.result from

9.pleasure/'ple??/n.愉悦；快乐

【考点分析】辨析pleasure，pleasant与pleased

pleasure 作“高兴，快乐，玩乐”讲时，是不可数名词；表示“乐事，高兴的事”时是可数名词。—Thank you for helping me. —It's a pleasure.不客气。

pleasant 意为“令人愉快的”，是个常用且含义广泛的形容词，常作定语，也可作表语。It is very pleasant to sit down after standing for hours.站了几小时后坐下来很舒服。

pleased 表示“感到高兴的，欣喜的”，作形容词用，指以任何方式表现出来或未表现出来的满足与快乐，一般作表

语，常与不定式、介词短语或从句连用，以说明原因，

其主语是人The two friends were very pleased to see each other again.

这两个朋友再次见面非常高兴。

【例题】①I had a____________（pleasure）weekend on the farm. 【pleasant】

②—Thank you for supporting the volunteer project. —____________. 【B】

A.All right

B.My pleasure

C.Never mind

D.It doesn't matter

10.（高频）success/s?k'ses/n.成功

【考点分析】辨析success，successful，successfully和

succeed

11.be interested in对……感兴趣

【考点分析】①此短语中in为介词，其后跟名词或动词的-ing形式。

eg：She is interested in playing basketball. 她对打篮球感兴趣。

②辨析interest，interesting和interested

“兴趣”不同interest 即可用作可数名词，又可用作不可数名词，表示“兴趣；爱好”

interesting 表示“有趣的”，主语为物，在句中可用作定语，也可做表语

interested 表示“对……感兴趣”，主语为人

【例题】David visited lots of ______________ in the world. 【B】

A.places of interesting

B.places of interest

C.place of interests

D.place of interesting

12.run out of用完；用光

【考点分析】run out of，run out，give out和use up都有“用完；用尽”之意，但用法不同：

run out 不及物动词短语，表示“用光；用完；耗尽”，主语通常为时间、金钱和食物等无生命的名词

run out of 及物动词短语，表示“用光；用完；耗尽”，表示主动，主语为人。后接名词、代词作宾语

give out 相当于run out，表示“用完；耗尽”，主语为物

use up 表示“用光；用尽；耗尽”，主语经常为人

【例题】

①你认为他会把所有的钱花光吗？Do you think that he will ___________________ all the money?

②What shall we do if our food supplies ____________？

A.turn out

B.run out

3d71e251fd00bed5b9f3f90f76c66137ee064fa4e out

D.call out

【run out of/use up】【B urn out证明是；run out用完；come out出版；call out叫喊】

语法

简单句结构

英语是一种结构型的语言，动词在句型构成中起着重要作用。现在对已经学过的几种基本句型总结如下：

【1】主语＋系动词＋表语（＋状语）

eg：Tom is very happy today.汤姆今天很高兴。

常见的系动词有：feel，look，smell，sound，taste，become，be，get（变得），turn（变得），go（变得）等。其后可跟形容词、数词、名词、代词或介词短语等作表语。

eg：The beef noodles taste delicious.牛肉面尝起来很好吃。（delicious用作表语）

【例题】指出句子画线部分的句子成分。The hotpot in the restaurants of Neijiang tastes delicious. 【表语】

【2】主语＋谓语（不及物动词）（＋状语）

eg：The rain has stopped. 雨已经停了。

The first book came out in 2009. 第一本书在2009年出版了。

【例题】指出下列句子画线部分的句子成分。The plane has taken off. 【谓语】

【3】（状语＋）主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语（＋状语）

eg：My father likes watching TV. 我父亲喜欢看电视。

（1）句型中的动词必须是及物动词，后接动作的承受者，即宾语。

（2）有些动词不定式在句中作宾语，有些则用作状语。

后跟不定式作宾语的动词有：want，like，agree，offer，decide，try，would like，hope，plan，learn 等。

【4】主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（＋状语）

间接宾语一般为表人的宾语，直接宾语一般为表物的宾语，二者也经常被称为“双宾语”。通常排列顺序为间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后；当直接宾语在间接宾语前面时，间接宾语前通常要用介词to 或for。

eg：Pass me the salt, please. ＝Pass the salt to me, please. 请递给我盐。

【5】主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语（＋状语）

eg：The news made everyone happy. 这个消息让大家都很高兴。

宾语和宾语补足语在语法上合称复合宾语，二者有逻辑上的主谓关系。可以用作宾语补足语的有：名词、代词、形容词、动词不定式、动名词等。

注意：（1）在动词find，think，make，consider，feel等动词后跟形容词作宾语补足语时，可以用it作形式宾语，而把真正作宾语的动词不定式放在后面。

eg：I find it difficult to remember these words. 我发现记住这些单词是困难的。

（2）用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，常见的有感官动词（feel，hear，see，watch，notice 等）和使役动词（have，let，make等）。

eg：I often see the children play basketball on the playground.

【例题】My parents always tell me ____________ more vegetables and fruit. 【D】

A.eat

B.eating

C.eats

D.to eat

【6】There＋be＋主语（＋状语）

there be结构表示“某时或某地有某物”，状语通常表示地点，可以用于一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时等多种时态。

※there be和have/has辨析：

There be结构表示表示“某时或某地有某物”。主语为某物。

have/has

【例题】①—Is there a watermelon on the table? —_____________.【A】

A.Yes，there is

B.Yes，it is

C.No，there is

D.No，it isn't

②There _______ some beef in the fridge. Let's make some beef noodles.

A.am

B.is

C.are

D.be

语法练习

一、写出画线部分在句子中所作的成分

1．It has brought him enjoyment.________ 【谓语】

2．My little pet dog is very cute and pretty．________ 【表语】

3．The news makes us excited.________ 【主语】

4．My father goes to bed at eleven. ________ 【状语】

5．He showed me his photos which were taken in Hong Kong.__________ 【间接宾语】

二、选出下列句子的基本结构【AABA】

6．Our English teacher kept the naughty boy out.

A．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语

B．主语＋系动词＋表语

C．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)＋状语

D．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

7．I have breakfast at home.

A．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语

B．主语＋系动词＋表语

C．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)＋状语

D．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

8．Watching TV is my hobby.

A．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语

B．主语＋系动词＋表语

C．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)＋状语

D．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

9．My mother made a big cake last night.

A．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语

B．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)＋状语

C．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

D．主语＋系动词＋表语

三、按所给的句型结构造句

1．主语＋系动词＋表语【The flowers look very beautiful.】

_____________________________________________

2．主语＋谓语＋状语【My brother sits in the back row.】

____________________________________________

3．主语＋谓语＋宾语【Do you know her address?】

___________________________________________

4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语【She bought her son a new bike.】____________________________________________

5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语【I asked Jim to help me.】____________________________________________

单元检测

一、单项选择。【CABBA CBDDB CBBDD】

1．—What's your ________？—I like listening to music.

A．job B．age C．hobby D．fan

2．Bob has got good exam results. His parents are proud of his ________.

A．success B．chance C．idea D．dream

3．Uncle Bill enjoyed ________ the violin when he was young.

A．to play B．playing C．play D．plays

4．Many students like playing basketball, ________ Tom, Bob and John.

A．such B．such as C．seem D．for example

5．Dapeng Talk Show is very popular. It often makes people ________.

A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed

6．Sally is helping her mother ________ the living room.

A．look up B．look after C．tidy up D．make up

7．—Dad, I got hired as a bus driver.

—Congratulations! Make yourself ________ so that the company won't want to lose you.

A．fashionable B．valuable C．changeable D．possible

8．On September 3 there were some________in China to celebrate the 70-year victory of the Anti-Japanese War.

A．actions B．projects C．traditions D．activities

9．Cao Wenxuan's new book has just________. Let's go and buy one.

A．come over B．come down C．come on D．come out

10．The boys played so carelessly in the game yesterday.________，they lost the game.

A．However B．As a result C．Because of D．As a result of

11．—Do you remember ________ me somewhere in Shanghai?

—Of course. Two years ago.

A．to see B．see C．seeing D．saw

12．She is very good at painting.She can paint________her teacher.

A．as better as B．as well as C．as good as D．as best as

13．Not only his parents but also he________watching sports programmes.

A．like B．likes C．don't like D．not like

14．—Look! Why are there so many people?

—There are some policemen. I think there ________________ a traffic accident.

A．must have B．can have C．is going to be D．must be

15．—Could you please sweep the floor? I'm going to cook dinner.

—________．I'll do it at once, Mum.

A．I'm afraid not B．You're kidding C．It's a shame D．With pleasure

二、阅读理解。【DCCAB】

A(词数：约210；建议用时：5分钟)

We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and girls in your local (当地的) area from 6—17 years of age.

We've had first experience of junior sports ourselves across a wide kind of activities. So we've set up Hobbies for Kids to help you find your way through the sporting in your place.

Whether you want to take up a sport or hobby just for interest or to compete at a high standard (水平), there are usually major decisions that you need to take if you are new to a sport or new to a local area.

Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored (学费定制) to the needs of juniors, buying the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.

Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and Junior Swimming. Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requ ests, so keep checking back!

We hope you find Hobbies for Kids useful and infor-mative.

46. Hobbies for Kids is ________.

A．a TV program about sports and hobbies B．a course especially designed for parents

C．a magazine on hobbies for kids D．a guide to kids，sports and hobbies 47．Who would be interested in Hobbies for Kids?

A．Teachers. B．Parents. C．Teenagers. D．Athletes.

48．With the help of Hobbies for Kids, you will ________．

A．compete at a high standard B．develop a new hobby quickly

C．know how to pick a right club D．know the needs of juniors 49．If you want to get information on junior basketball, you should ________.

A．input your requests and check back B．click the site now and then

C．give some advice to the site D．scan other information first 50．Where does the passage probably come from?

A．A textbook. B．The Internet. C．A magazine. D．An advertisement.

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