国际十进分类法(UDC)

Universal decimal classification (UDC)

国际十进分类法（UDC）

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中文简表(百度通行版)

类号类名类号类名

000 总论510 数学

100 哲学、心理学520 天文学、地质学

200 宗教、神学530 物理学、力学

300 社会科学540 化学、晶体学、矿物学400 语言、文字学550 地质学、气象学

500 自然科学560 古生物学

600 应用科学570 生物学人类学

700 艺术、文体580 植物学

800 文学590 动物学

900 历史、地理

610 医学

620 工程和技术科学25. 农业

621 机械和电气工程26. 家政

621.1 蒸汽动力工程27. 商业管理、交通

621.22 水力机械28. 化学工业

621.3 电气工程29. 制造业

621.4 内燃机工程30. 特种行业、仪表、手工业621.5 气动机械与制冷工程31. 建筑业、材料科学621.6 泵、管道工程32. 机械零件及材料

621.7 弹、塑性成形及加工33. 机床及加工

622 采矿工程38. 电子学

623 军事工程39. 通信工程

624 土木工程

625 道路工程

626 水力工程

627 河道、港湾、海洋工程

628 卫生工程

629 交通工程

英文简要目录

0 SCIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE. ORGANIZATION. COMPUTER SCIENCE. INFORMATION. DOCUMENTATION. LIBRARIANSHIP. INSTITUTIONS. PUBLICATIONS

00 Prolegomena. Fundamentals of knowledge and culture. Propaedeutics

001 Science and knowledge in general. Organization of intellectual work

001.1 Concepts of science and knowledge

001.18 Future of knowledge

001.32 Learned, scientific societies. Academies

001.8 Methodology

001.89 Organization of science and scientific work

001.9 Dissemination of ideas

002 Documentation. Books. Writings. Authorship

003 Writing systems and scripts

003.01/.09 Special auxiliary numbers for writing systems and scripts

003.01 Origins, precursors of scripts. Early forms of scripts

003.02 Emergence of writing

003.03 Graphic expression of language

003.05 Means of producing signs and scripts

003.07 Uses and styles of writing

003.08 Characteristics of writing

003.09 Techniques and methods of deciphering scripts

003.2 Writing systems. Graphic representations of concepts

003.21/.23 Conventional writing systems used for general purposes of literate language communities. Orthographies

003.21 Picture writing

003.22 Syllabic writing systems

003.23 Alphabetic writing systems

003.3 Scripts

003.5 Writing materials and equipment

003.6 Other kinds of graphic representation of thought

004 Computer science and technology. Computing. Data processing

004.01/.08 Special auxiliary numbers for computing

004.01 Documentation

004.02 Problem-solving methods

004.03 System types and characteristics

004.04 Processing orientation

004.05 System and software quality

004.07 Memory characteristics

004.08 Input, output and storage media

004.2 Computer architecture

004.22 Data representation

004.23 Instruction set architecture

004.25 Memory system

004.27 Advanced architectures. Non-Von Neumann architectures

004.3 Computer hardware

004.3`1/`2 Special auxiliary numbers for hardware

004.3`1 Production of computers

004.3`2 Computer installations

004.31 Processing units. Processing circuits

004.32 Computer pathways

004.33 Memory units. Storage units

004.35 Peripherals. Input-output units

004.38 Computers. Kinds of computer

004.4 Software

004.4`2/`6 Special auxiliary numbers for software

004.4`2 Software development tools

004.4`4 Programming language translation

004.4`6 Runtime environment

004.41 Software engineering

004.42 Computer programming. Computer programs

004.43 Computer languages

004.45 System software

004.49 Computer infections

004.5 Human-computer interaction. Man-machine interface. User interface. User environment

004.51 Display interface

004.52 Sound interface

004.55 Hypermedia. Hypertext

004.58 User help

004.6 Data

004.62 Data handling

004.63 Files

004.65 Databases and their structures

004.67 Systems for numeric data

004.7 Computer communication. Computer networks

004.71 Computer communication hardware

004.72 Network architecture

004.73 Networks according to area covered

004.738 Network interconnection. Internetworking

004.75 Distributed processing systems

004.77 General networking applications and services

004.78 Online computing systems for specific use

004.8 Artificial intelligence

004.9 Application-oriented computer-based techniques

004.91 Document processing and production

004.92 Computer graphics

004.93 Pattern information processing

004.94 Simulation

005 Management

005.1 Management theory

005.2 Management agents. Mechanisms. Measures

005.3 Management activities

005.31 Operational research (OR)

005.32 Organizational behaviour. Management psychology

005.33 Management conditions. Factors

005.4 Processes in management

005.5 Management operations. Direction

005.6 Quality management. Total quality management (TQM)

005.7 Organizational management (OM)

005.9 Fields of management

005.91 Administrative management. Secretariat

005.92 Records management

005.93 Plant management. Physical resources management

005.94 Knowledge management

005.95/.96 Personnel management. Human Resources management

006 Standardization of products, operations, weights, measures and time

006.3/.8 Standards

006.91 Metrology. Weights and measures in general

006.92 Horology. Determination and standardization of time

007 Activity and organizing. Communication and control theory generally (cybernetics). 'Human engineering'

007.5 Self-acting systems

008 Civilization. Culture. Progress

01 Bibliography and bibliographies. Catalogues

011 Universal and general bibliographies

012 Author bibliographies. Inpidual bibliographies

013 Collective bibliographies

014 Bibliographies of works of particular characteristics

015 Bibliographies of place

016 Special subject bibliographies

017/019 Catalogues

017 Catalogues in general. Subject catalogues

018 Name catalogues

019 Dictionary catalogues

02 Librarianship

021 Function, value, utility, creation, development of libraries

022 Library site, building, premises. Equipment

023 Library administration. Staff. Personnel

024 Relations with the public. Regulations for library use

025 Administrative departments of libraries

026 Special libraries

027 General libraries

027.6 Libraries for special classes of user

027.7 Libraries of institutions of higher education

027.8 Libraries of institutions of primary and secondary education

030 General reference works (as subject)

050 Serial publications, periodicals (as subject)

06 Organizations of a general nature

06.01/.05 Special auxiliary numbers for organizations and associations

06.01 Rights and obligations of members

06.05 Awards. Honours. Prizes. Distribution of prizes, awards

061 Organizations and other types of cooperation

061.1 Governmental organizations and cooperation

061.2 Nongovernmental organizations and cooperation

061.23 Organizations with humanitarian, philanthropic aims

061.25 Secret or semi-secret organizations and movements

061.27 Foundations. Endowments. Institutions

069 Museums. Permanent exhibitions

070 Newspapers. The Press

08 Polygraphies. Collective works

082 Collective polygraphy

084 Pictorial material

086 Documents of particular form

087 Documents of particular origin or destination

09 Manuscripts. Rare and remarkable works

091 Manuscripts

092 Xylographic books

093 Incunabula

094 Other precious, remarkable or rare printed works

095 Books remarkable for their binding

096 Books remarkable for their illustrations or for materials used

097 Marks of ownership or origin

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1 PHILOSOPHY. PSYCHOLOGY

101 Nature and role of philosophy

11 Metaphysics

111 General metaphysics. Ontology

113/119 Cosmology. Philosophy of nature

122/129 Special metaphysics

13 Philosophy of mind and spirit. Metaphysics of spiritual life

130.1 General concepts and laws

130.2 Philosophy of culture. Cultural systems. Theory of cultural complexes

130.3 Metaphysics of spiritual life

133 The paranormal. The occult. Psi phenomena

14 Philosophical systems and points of view

140 Possible philosophical attitudes. System typology

141 Kinds of viewpoint

159.9 Psychology

159.91 Psychophysiology (physiological psychology). Mental physiology

159.92 Mental development and capacity. Comparative psychology

159.93 Sensation. Sensory perception

159.94 Executive functions

159.942 Emotions. Affections. Sensibility. Feelings

159.943 Conation and movement

159.944 Work and fatigue. Efficiency

159.946 Special motor functions

159.947 Volition. Will

159.95 Higher mental processes

159.96 Special mental states and processes

159.97 Abnormal psychology

159.98 Applied psychology (psychotechnology) in general

16 Logic. Epistemology. Theory of knowledge. Methodology of logic

161/162 Fundamentals of logic

164 Logistic. Symbolic logic. Mathematical logic. Logical calculus

165 Theory of knowledge. Epistemology

165.6/.8 Epistemological viewpoints and doctrines

167/168 Logical methodology

17 Moral philosophy. Ethics. Practical philosophy

171 Inpidual ethics. Human duties to oneself

172 Social ethics. Duties to one`s fellow humans

173 Family ethics

176 Sexual ethics. Sexual morality

177 Ethics and society

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2 RELIGION. THEOLOGY

2-1/-9 Special auxiliary subpision for religion

2-1 Theory and philosophy of religion. Nature of religion. Phenomenon of religion

2-13 The Holy. The sacred. The supernatural. Object(s) of religion/worship

2-14 God. Gods (Personalised god(s) as distinct from immanent spirits)

2-15 Nature of god(s)

2-17 The universe. Nature of the universe. Cosmology

2-18 Man. Mankind. Humanity. Doctrinal anthropology

2-184 Man's relation to god(s)

2-2 Evidences of religion

2-23 Sacred books. Scriptures. Religious texts

2-25 Secondary literature. Pseudo-canonical works

2-27 Critical works

2-28 Other religious texts

2-3 Persons in religion

2-31 Originator, founder, central figure of the faith

2-32 Messiah(s)

2-34 Martyrs

2-35 Ascetics. Hermits. Fakirs

2-36 Saints. Bodhisattvas. Enlightened ones

2-37 Mahatmas. Gurus. Wise men

2-38 Charismatics. Persons with supernatural powers

2-4 Religious activities. Religious practice

2-42 Moral behaviour. Moral theology

2-43 Social customs and practice. Social theology

2-46 Charity. Support for others. Pastoral activities. Pastoral theology in the broad sense

2-47 Education in religion

2-475 Preaching. Homiletics

2-5 Worship broadly. Cult. Rites and ceremonies

2-523 Buildings for religious use. Ecclesiology

2-526 Objects in worship. Furnishings and decorations

2-53 Acts of worship (by participants)

2-54 Ceremonies by purpose

2-55 Sacraments. Sacramentals

2-56 Celebration

2-6 Processes in religion

2-65 Comparison

2-67 Relations between faiths or with society in general. Religion and society

2-7 Religious organization and administration

2-72 Nature and structure of the organized religion, church. Ecclesiology

2-73 Government of the religion

2-74 Legal administration. Religious law. Canon law

2-76 Recruitment. Missionary activity. Missions broadly. Missiology

2-77 Organizational structure of the faith, religion

2-78 Religious organizations. Religious societies and associations

2-8 Religions characterised by various properties

2-84 Religions related to the state

2-87 Schismatic groups. Heresies

2-9 History of the faith, religion, denomination or church

21/29 Religious systems. Religions and faiths

21 Prehistoric and primitive religions

212 Prehistoric religions

213 Primitive religions

22 Religions originating in the Far East

221 Religions of China

221.3 Taoism

223 Religions of Korea

225 Religions of Japan

23 Religions originating in Indian sub-continent. Hindu religion in the broad sense

233 Hinduism narrowly

234 Jainism

235 Sikhism

24 Buddhism

241 Hinayana Buddhism. The lesser vehicle. Theravada Buddhism. Pali school

242 Mahayana. The great vehicle

243 Lamaism

244 Japanese Buddhism

25 Religions of antiquity. Minor cults and religions

251 Ancient Egyptian religion

252 Religions of Mesopotamia

254 Religions of Iran

255 Classical antiquity

257 Religions of Europe

258 Religions of South and Central America. Pre-Columbian indigenous religions

26 Judaism

261 Religion of the Biblical period. Ancient Judaism. Old Testament religion

262 Ashkenazi Judaism

264 Sephardi Judaism

265 Orthodox Judaism

266 Progressive Judaism

267 Modern movements arising from Judaism

27 Christianity. Christian churches and denominations

271/279 Christian churches and denominations

271 Eastern church

272/279 Western church

272/273 Catholic church

272 Roman Catholic church

273 Non-Roman Catholic episcopal churches

274 Protestantism generally. Protestants. Dissenters. Puritans

275 Re-formed churches

276 Anabaptists

277 Free churches. Non-conformists

278 Other protestant churches

279 Other Christian movements and churches

28 Islam

281 Sufism

282 Sunni. Sunnite Islam

284 Shi'a. Shi'ite Islam

285 Babi-Baha'i

286 Baha'i

29 Modern spiritual movements

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3 SOCIAL SCIENCES. STATISTICS. POLITICS. ECONOMICS. TRADE. LAW. GOVERNMENT. MILITARY AFFAIRS. WELFARE. INSURANCE. EDUCATION. FOLKLORE

303 Methods of the social sciences

304 Social questions. Social practice. Cultural practice. Way of life (Lebensweise)

305 Gender studies

308 Sociography. Descriptive studies of society (both qualitative and quantitative)

311 Statistics as a science. Statistical theory

311.1 Fundamentals, bases of statistics

311.2 Research technique. Preparation. Tabulation

311.3 General organization of statistics. Official statistics

311.4 Private statistics

314/316 Society

314 Demography. Population studies

314.1 Population

316 Sociology

316.1 Object and scope of sociology

316.2 Sociological points of view and trends

316.3 Social structure. Society as a social system

316.33 Basic elements and subsystems of global societies as sociological categories

316.34 Social stratification. Social differentiation

316.35 Social groups. Social organizations

316.36 Marriage and family

316.4 Social processes. Social dynamics

316.6 Social psychology

316.7 Sociology of culture. Cultural context of social life

32 Politics

321 Forms of political organization. States as political powers

322 Relations between church and state. Policy towards religion. Church policy

323 Home affairs. Internal policy

323.1 Nationalist, popular, ethnic movements and problems. National and ethnic minorities

323.2 Relation between people and state. Internal political activities

323.4 Class war. Forms of class warfare

324 Elections. Plebiscites. Referendums. Election campaigns. Electoral corruption, malpractice. Election results

325 Opening up of territories. Colonization. Colonialism

326 Slavery

327 International relations. World, global politics. International affairs. Foreign policy

327.2 Imperialism. Imperialistic policy. Political expansionism

327.3 Internationalism. International movements, objectives

327.5 International blocs

327.7 Activity of international and intergovernmental organizations

327.8 Political influence, pressure, on other states

328 Parliaments. Congresses. Representation of the people. Governments

329 Political parties and movements

33 Economics. Economic science

330 Economics in general

330.1 Science of economics. Basic economic concepts, theory. Value. Capital. Funds

330.3 Dynamics of the economy. Economic movement

330.4 Mathematical economics

330.5 National property. National assets. Social product. Balance of the economy. Estimation of national product

330.8 History of economic theories, doctrines, dogmas

331 Labour. Employment. Work. Labour economics. Organization of labour

331.1 Theory and organization of work. Relations between business firms and employees

331.2 Salaries. Wages. Remuneration. Pay

331.3 Working conditions other than pay

331.4 Working environment. Workplace design. Occupational safety. Hygiene at work. Accidents at work

331.5 Labour market. Employment

332 Regional economics. Territorial economics. Land economics. Housing economics

332.1 Regional economics. Territorial economics

332.2 Land economics

332.3 Land use

332.5 Land requirement. Long-term planning of land use

332.6 Land value. Value of plots, sites, holdings. Real-estate value. Productivity. Rents

332.7 Trade in land, in real estate

332.8 Economics of housing

334 Forms of organization and cooperation in the economy

336 Finance

336.1 Public sector finance. Government finance in general

336.2 Public revenue

336.5 Public expenditure. State expenditure

336.7 Money. Monetary system. Banking. Stock exchanges

338 Economic situation. Economic policy. Management of the economy. Economic planning. Production. Services. Prices

338.1 Economic situation. Trade cycle. Development of economic structure. Growth

338.2 Economic policy. Control of the economy. Management of the economy. Economic planning

338.3 Production

338.4 Production and services according to economic sectors

338.48 Tourism

338.5 Prices. Price formation. Costs

339 Trade. Commerce. International economic relations. World economy

339.1 General questions of trade and commerce. Market

339.3 Inland trade. Internal trade. Domestic trade

339.5 Foreign trade. External trade. International trade

339.7 International finance

339.9 International economy generally. International economic relations. Global economy

34 Law. Jurisprudence

340 Law in general. Legal methods and auxiliary sciences

340.1 Types and forms of law

340.13 Positive law. Legal norm. Enacted law. Statute law. Ius scriptum. Operation of legal norm. Rules of its application

340.14 Unwritten law. Non-statute law. Ius non scriptum. Other sources of law

340.5 Comparative law

340.6 Auxiliary legal sciences. Forensic psychology. Forensic chemistry. Forensic medicine

341 International law

341.1/.8 Public international law. Law of nations

341.1 Law of international organizations

341.2 Persons and things in international law

341.3 Law of war. International legal relations in war

341.4 International criminal law

341.6 International arbitration. International adjudication, jurisdiction

341.7 Diplomatic law. Laws of diplomacy

341.8 Consular law

341.9 International private law. Conflict of laws

342 Public law. Constitutional law. Administrative law

342.1 State. People. Nation. Power of the state

342.2 State. Structure of states

342.3 Supreme authority. Sovereignty. Forms of state. Forms of government

342.4 Constitutions. Legislative assemblies. National assemblies

342.5 Power of the state. System and function of organs of government

342.6 Executive power of the state. Central organs of state government

342.7 Fundamental rights. Human rights. Rights and duties of the citizen

342.8 Electoral law. Voting. Electoral systems

342.9 Administrative law

343 Criminal law. Penal offences

343.1 Criminal justice. Criminal investigation. Criminal proceedings

343.2/.7 Criminal law

343.2 Criminal law proper

343.3/.7 Particular offences. Specific punishable acts, crimes

343.3 Offences against the state

343.4 Offences against fundamental liberties, human rights

343.5 Offences against public credit, morality, the family

343.6 Offences against the person

343.8 Punishment. Execution of sentence. Crime prevention. Deterrence

343.9 Criminology. Criminal sciences. Criminalistics

344 Special criminal law. Military, naval, air force laws

344.1 Military penal law. Laws of armed land forces

344.3 Military justice and jurisdiction. Courts martial. Military tribunals

344.4 Naval penal law. Laws of marine armed forces

344.6 Mercantile marine penal law. Penal and disciplinary regime in merchant navy

344.7 Air-force penal law

346 Economic law. Law of government control of the economy

346.2 Subjects of economic law

346.3 Economic liabilities. Economic contracts

346.5 Regulation of economic order and control

346.6 Regulation of prices, tariffs, finance, credits and accounts

346.7 Regulation of inpidual sectors of the economy

346.9 Enforcement of economic law. Sanctions. Supervision. Commercial disputes. Settlement. Legal protection

347 Civil law

347.1 Civil law generalities

347.2 Law of realty. Real rights. Things. Chattels

347.3 Movables in general. Personalty

347.4 Commitments. Contractual liabilities. Bonds. Contracts. Agreements

347.5 Noncontractual liabilities. Torts

347.6 Family law. Law of inheritance. Heirs. Successors

347.7 Commercial law. Company law

347.8 Laws of air, space, ether

347.9 Legal procedure. Judiciary personnel and organization

348 Ecclesiastical law. Canon law. Religious law (option)

349 Special branches of law. Miscellaneous legal matters

35 Public administration. Government. Military affairs

351 Particular activities of public administration

352/354 Levels of administration. Local, regional, central administration

352 Lowest levels of administration. Local government. Municipal administration. Local authorities

353 Middle levels of administration. Regional, provincial government. Regional authorities

353.1 Primary pisions of a country. Regions (generally). States in a federation

353.2 Provincial governments. Provinces. Departments. Counties

353.5 Divisions of provinces. Subprefectures. Arrondissements. Kreise

353.8 Special kinds of regional administration

353.9 Independent administration of regions of a country. Ministries of regions

354 High level, top level of administration. Central, national government

354.1 Ministries for general business

355/359 Military affairs. Art of war. Military science. Defence. Armed forces

355 Military affairs generally

355.1 Armed forces generally. Armed services. Military life

355.2 Recruitment of forces. Requisition of supplies, resources. War potential. Levies

355.3 General organization of the armed forces

355.4 War operations in general. Tactics. Strategy. Theatre of war. History of campaigns

355.5 Service in, tactics of, particular forces and units. Training of troops and officers.

Tactical exercises

355.6 Military administration

355.7 Military establishments: organization, functions

356/358 Inpidual branches of land and air forces

356 Army service generally. Infantry. Foot soldiers

356.1 Infantry: personnel, organization

356.2 General staff: personnel, organization

356.3 Administrative and auxiliary services: personnel, organization

357 Cavalry. Mounted troops. Motorized troops

358 Artillery. Engineers. Aviation. Various technical units and their function

358.1 Artillery

358.2 Engineers' corps. Special units

358.3 Technical specialities in the army

358.4 Military aviation. Flying corps. Air force

359 Naval forces. Military fleet. Navy: personnel, organization

36 Safeguarding the mental and material necessities of life

364 Social welfare

364-1 Theories of social welfare

364-2 Principles of assistance

364-3 Social welfare agencies. Social welfare organizations

364-4 People as providers of social welfare assistance

364-5 Social welfare facilities

364-6 Contributions and payments

364-7 Social welfare operations. Welfare effort. Social services. Service provision

364.2 Basic human needs. Requirements for well-being

364.3 Social benefits. Social allowances. Social insurance. Social assistance

364.4 Fields of practice in social work

364.6 Social welfare issues

365 Accommodation desires and their fulfilment. Safeguarding accommodation

366 Consumerism

368 Insurance. Communal provision through sharing of risk

37 Education

37.01/.09 Special auxiliary table for theory, principles, methods and organization of education

37.01 Fundamentals of education. Theory. Policy etc.

37.02 General questions of didactics and method

37.04 Education in relation to the educand, pupil. Guidance

37.06 Social problems in education. Human contacts, relationships

37.07 Management aspects of educational institutions

37.09 Organization of instruction

373 Kinds of school providing general education

374 Education and training out of school. Further education

376 Education, teaching, training of special groups of persons. Special schools

377 Specialized instruction. Vocational, technical, professional training. Vocational colleges, institutes. Polytechnics

378 Higher education. Universities. Academic study

379.8 Leisure

39 Cultural anthropology. Ethnography. Customs. Manners. Traditions. Way of life. Folklore

391 Costume. Clothing. National dress. Fashion. Adornment

392 Customs, manners, usage in private life

393 Death. Treatment of corpses. Funerals. Death rites

394 Public life. Pageantry. Social life. Life of the people

395 Social ceremonial. Etiquette. Good manners. Social forms. Rank. Title

398 Folklore in the strict sense

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4 (Under Development)

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5 MATHEMATICS. NATURAL SCIENCES

502/504 Environmental science. Conservation of natural resources. Threats to the environment and protection against them

502 The environment and its protection

502.3/.7 Parts of the environment

504 Threats to the environment

51 Mathematics

510 Fundamental and general considerations of mathematics

510.2 General problems of mathematical logic. Foundations of mathematics

510.3 Set theory

510.6 Mathematical logic

511 Number theory

512 Algebra

514 Geometry

514.7 Differential geometry. Algebraic and analytic methods in geometry

515.1 Topology

517 Analysis

517.9 Differential equations. Integral equations. Other functional equations. Finite differences. Calculus of variations. Functional analysis

519.1 Combinatorial analysis. Graph theory

519.2 Probability. Mathematical statistics

519.6 Computational mathematics. Numerical analysis

519.7 Mathematical cybernetics

519.8 Operational research (OR) mathematical theories and methods

519.83 Game theory

519.85 Mathematical programming

52 Astronomy. Astrophysics. Space research. Geodesy

520 Astronomical instruments and techniques

521 Theoretical astronomy. Celestial mechanics

521.9 Astrometry. Spherical astronomy

523 The Solar System

523.3 Earth-Moon system

523.4 Planets and their satellites. Planetology

523.6 Interplanetary medium. Comets. Meteors. Meteorites

523.9 The Sun. Solar physics

524 Stars. Stellar systems. The Universe

524.1 Cosmic rays. Primary cosmic rays

524.3 Stars

524.4 Star clusters. Associations of stars

524.5 Interstellar medium. Galactic nebulae

524.6 The Galaxy (Milky Way)

524.7 Extragalactic systems

524.8 The Universe. Metagalaxy. Cosmology

528 Geodesy. Surveying. Photogrammetry. Remote sensing. Cartography

528.1 Theory of errors and adjustment in geodesy and photogrammetry

528.2 Figure of the Earth. Earth measurement. Mathematical geodesy. Physical geodesy. Astronomical geodesy

528.3 Geodetic surveying

528.4 Field surveying. Land surveying. Cadastral survey. Topography. Engineering survey. Special fields of surveying

528.5 Geodetic instruments and equipment

528.7 Photogrammetry: aerial, terrestrial

528.9 Cartography. Mapping (textual documents)

53 Physics

53.01/.09 Special auxiliaries on theory and nature of physical phenomena, methods of observation, measurements and study

53.01 Theory and nature of phenomena

53.02 General laws of phenomena

53.03 Production and causes of phenomena

53.04 Effects of phenomena

53.05 Observation and recording of phenomena. Visual indication of phenomena

53.06 Application, utilization of phenomena

53.07 Apparatus for production and study of phenomena

53.08 General principles and theory of measurement and the design of measuring apparatus. Measurement methods

53.09 Dependence of phenomena on certain fundamental physical effects

531/534 Mechanics

531 General mechanics. Mechanics of solid and rigid bodies

531-1/-9 Special auxiliary numbers for mechanics

531-1 One-dimensional. Lines

531-2 Two-dimensional. Planes. Surfaces

531-3 Three-dimensional. Bodies. Spaces

531-4 Hyperspace (space of more than three dimensions)

531-9 Non-Euclidean spaces

531.1 Kinematics. Mathematical-mechanical geometry of motion

531.2 Statics. Forces. Equilibrium. Attraction

531.3 Dynamics. Kinetics

531.4 Work. Weight. Mass. Friction. Passive resistance

531.5 Gravity. Gravitation. Pendulums. Ballistics

531.6 Mechanical energy. Conservation of mechanical energy

531.7 Measurement of geometric and mechanical quantities: instruments, methods and

units

531.8 Theory of machines. Technical mechanics in general

532 Fluid mechanics in general. Mechanics of liquids (hydromechanics)

532.1 Hydrostatics in general

532.2 Equilibrium of liquids

532.3 Immersed bodies (submerged bodies). Floating bodies

532.5 Liquid motion. Hydrodynamics

532.6 Surface phenomena. Surface tension. Capillarity

532.7 Kinetic theory of liquids. Osmosis. Solution and solutions

533 Mechanics of gases. Aeromechanics. Plasma physics

533.1 Properties of gases

533.2 Elasticity. Compressibility. Liquefaction. Gas mixing. Gaseous mixtures

533.5 Rarefied gases. Vacuum physics

533.6 Aerodynamics

533.7 Kinetic theory of gases. Continuity of state

533.9 Plasma physics

534 Vibrations. Waves. Acoustics

534.1 Vibration of bodies. Excitation of vibrations. Vibratory formations with distributed

mass and elasticity

534.2 Propagation of vibrations. Processes in the acoustic field

534.3 Musical sounds and perception

534.4 Analysis and synthesis of sounds

534.5 Composition of vibrations

534.6 Acoustic measurements

534.7 Physiological acoustics. Medical acoustics

534.8 Applications of acoustics (theory)

535 Optics

535-1/-7 Special auxiliary numbers for optics

535-1/-3 Radiation according to wavelength. Hertzian waves. Light colours

535-1 Long waves. Infrared

535-2 Visible light. Colours

535-3 Short waves

535-4 Polarized waves

535-5 Natural light

535-6 Partially polarized light

535-7 Totally reflected light

535.1 Theory of light

535.2 Propagation and energetics of radiation. Photometry

535.3 Propagation. Reflection. Refraction. Absorption. Emission

535.4 Interference. Diffraction. Scattering by diffraction

535.5 Polarization. Double refraction. Dispersion in anisotropic bodies

535.6 Colours and their properties. Colour theory

535.8 Applications of optics in general

536 Heat. Thermodynamics. Statistical physics

536.1 General theory of heat

536.2 Heat conduction. Heat transfer

536.3 Effect of bodies on heat radiation

536.4 Effect of heat input and temperature on volume and structure of bodies

536.5 Temperature. Temperature scales. Temperature measurement. Thermometers. Temperature control

536.6 Measurement of heat quantity. Calorimetry

536.7 Thermodynamics. Energetics

537 Electricity. Magnetism. Electromagnetism

537.2 Static electricity. Electrostatics

537.3 Current electricity. Electric current. Electrokinetics

537.5 Electron and ion phenomena

537.6/.8 Magnetism. Electromagnetism

537.6 Magnetism

537.8 Electromagnetism. Electromagnetic field. Electrodynamics

538.9 Condensed matter physics. Solid state physics

539 Physical nature of matter

539.1 Nuclear physics. Atomic physics. Molecular physics

539.2 Properties and structure of molecular systems

539.3 Elasticity. Deformation. Mechanics of elastic solids

539.4 Strength. Resistance to stress

539.5 Properties of materials affecting deformability

539.6 Intermolecular forces

539.8 Other physico-mechanical effects

54 Chemistry. Crystallography. Mineralogy

54-1/-4 Special auxiliary numbers for state of substance, chemicals

54-1 State of substance

54-3 Particular kinds of compound

54-4 Chemicals. Reagents

54.02/.08 Special auxiliary numbers for composition, production, preparation and analysis

54.02 Composition. Structure. Isotopes

54.05 Production. Preparation. Isolation. Purification etc.

54.06 Analysis, investigation and handling in general

54.07 Apparatus and equipment for preparation, investigation and analysis

54.08 Measurement principles, methods, techniques. Instrumentation

542 Practical laboratory chemistry. Preparative and experimental chemistry

542.1 Chemical laboratories

542.2 Laboratory apparatus and instrumentation in general. Laboratory methods in general

542.3 Measurement of weight, mass. Measurement of volume

542.4 Heat and cold application

542.5 Use of flames. Blowlamps

542.6 Working with liquids

542.7 Working with gases

542.8 Physical, physicochemical and electrical operations

542.9 Chemical reactions. Special chemical processes

543 Analytical chemistry

543.2 Chemical methods of analysis

543.3 Water sampling and analysis

543.4 Spectral analysis methods. Optical analysis methods

543.5 Physicochemical methods of analysis (other than optical methods)

543.6 Analysis of different substances. Analytical control in production conditions

543.9 Analysis by biological and biochemical reactions. Biological methods used for analytical purposes

544 Physical chemistry

544.01/.08 Special auxiliaries of chemical substances and systems

544.01 Chemical substances and systems. Origin. Natural state. Phases

544.02 Chemical composition. Structure. Isotopes etc.

544.03 Physical properties and phenomena. Constants. Effects acting on state and

properties of matter

544.07 Instruments and equipment

544.08 Measurements and measuring techniques

544.1 Chemical structure of matter

544.2 Physical chemistry of solids, liquids and gases

544.3 Chemical thermodynamics

544.4 Chemical kinetics. Catalysis

544.5 Chemistry of high energy processes

544.6 Electrochemistry

544.7 Chemistry of surface phenomena and colloids

546 Inorganic chemistry

546.1 Nonmetals and metalloids in general

546.3 Metals in general

547 Organic chemistry

547.1 Classification of organic compounds. Element-organic compounds

548/549 Mineralogical sciences. Crystallography. Mineralogy

548 Crystallography

548.1 Mathematical crystallography. Continuum theory of crystals

548.2 Crystal growths. Crystalline aggregates

548.3 Crystal chemistry

548.4 Irregularities in crystals

548.5 Formation, growth and solution of crystals

548.7 Fine structure of crystals. Discontinuum theory of crystals

549 Mineralogy. Special study of minerals

549.2/.8 Systematic mineralogy

549.2 Native elements and alloys

549.3 Sulphides. Sulpho-salts

549.4 Halides

549.5 Oxygen compounds

549.6 Silicates. Titanates. Zirconates. Stannates

549.7 Other compounds of oxyacids

549.8 Organic minerals

55 Earth Sciences. Geological sciences

550 Ancillary sciences of geology etc.

550.1 Physiography

550.2 Geoastronomy. Cosmogony

550.3 Geophysics

550.4 Geochemistry

550.7 Geobiology. Geological actions of organisms

550.8 Applied geology and geophysics. Geological prospecting and exploration. Interpretation of results

550.93 Geochronology. Geological dating. Determination of absolute geological age

551 General geology. Meteorology. Climatology. Historical geology. Stratigraphy.

Palaeogeography

551.1/.4 General geology

551.1 General structure of the Earth

551.2 Internal geodynamics (endogenous processes)

551.21 Vulcanicity. Vulcanism. Volcanoes. Eruptive phenomena. Eruptions

551.24 Geotectonics

551.3 External geodynamics (exogenous processes)

551.32 Glaciology

551.4 Geomorphology. Study of the Earth's physical forms

551.44 Speleology. Caves. Fissures. Underground waters

551.46 Physical oceanography. Submarine topography. Ocean floor

551.5 Meteorology

551.58 Climatology

551.7 Historical geology. Stratigraphy

551.8 Palaeogeography

552 Petrology. Petrography

552.1 Rock characteristics and properties generally. Physical and physicochemical petrology

552.3/.6 Igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks

552.3 Magmatic rocks. Igneous rocks

552.4 Metamorphic rocks

552.5 Sedimentary rocks

552.6 Meteorites

553 Economic geology. Mineral deposits

553.2 Ore formation. Mineral formation

553.3/.9 Ore and other mineral deposits. Natural resources

553.3 Ore deposits (metalliferous mineral deposits) in general. Iron and manganese ores

553.4 Ore deposits other than iron and manganese

553.5 Natural stone deposits

553.6 Deposits of various inorganic economic minerals and earths (mainly nonmetalliferous)

553.7 Mineral springs

553.8 Deposits of precious and semiprecious stones. Gemstone deposits

553.9 Deposits of carbonaceous rocks. Hydrocarbon deposits

556 Hydrosphere. Water in general. Hydrology

556.3 Groundwater hydrology. Geohydrology. Hydrogeology

556.5 Surface-water hydrology. Land hydrology

56 Palaeontology

561 Systematic palaeobotany

561.4 Seed plants in general. Spermatophyta. Phanerogams. Siphonogamous embryophyta

561.7 Rosidae

561.9 Asteridae

562/569 Systematic palaeozoology

562 Invertebrata in general

564 Mollusca. Shellfish etc.

565 Articulata

565.7 Insecta (Hexapoda). Insects

566/569 Chordata

567/569 Vertebrata

567 Pisces: Fishes

568 Sauropsida

568.2 Aves. Birds in general

569 Mammalia. Mammals

57 Biological sciences in general

57.01/.08 Special auxiliary numbers for theoretical aspects, characteristics, factors etc. in biology

57.01 General laws. Theoretical aspects. Characteristics. Properties

57.02 Biological and ethological processes

57.03 Pattern of property variations

57.04 Factors. Influences

57.06 Nomenclature and classification of organisms. Taxonomy

57.07 Analytical palaeontology

57.08 Biological techniques, experimental methods and equipment in general

572 Physical anthropology

572.1/.4 Anthropogeny. Human development in general. Origin of the human species

572.9 Special anthropogeography. Inpidual human ancestry groups

573 General and theoretical biology

574 General ecology and biopersity

575 General genetics. General cytogenetics

576 Cellular and subcellular biology. Cytology

577 Material bases of life. Biochemistry. Molecular biology. Biophysics

578 Virology

579 Microbiology

579.2 General microbiology

579.6 Applied microbiology

579.8 Microorganisms. Bacteria

58 Botany

581 General botany

581.1 Plant physiology

581.2 Plant diseases. Plant pathology. Phytopathology

581.3 Embryology of plants

581.4 Plant morphology. Plant anatomy

581.5 Habits of plants. Plant behaviour. Plant ecology. Plant ethology. The plant and its environment. Bionomics of plants

581.6 Applied botany. Use of plants. Technobotany. Economic botany

581.8 Plant histology

581.9 Geographic botany. Plant geography (phytogeography). Floras. Geographic distribution of plants

582 Systematic botany

582.091/.099 Special auxiliary numbers for classification of plants according to size and form

582.091 Trees (large woody plants with trunk)

582.093 Shrubs (smaller woody plants without single trunk)

582.095 Undergrowth. Undershrubs (e.g. brambles - Rosoideae)

582.097 Woody climbers (e.g. ivy - Araliaceae)

582.099 Herbaceous or non-woody plants (often called 'plants' or 'flowers')

582.23 Bacteria

582.24 Protista (Protoctista). Chromista. Protozoa

582.261/.279 Algae. Phycology

582.28 Fungi (Eumycota, Eumycetes). True fungi. Moulds. Mycology

582.29 Lichens

582.32/.998 Plantae

582.32 Bryophyta (Musci). Bryology

582.36/.99 Tracheophyta. Vascular plants

582.37/.39 Pteridophyta. Ferns. Fern allies. Fernlike spore plants

582.4 Seed plants in general. Spermatophyta. Phanerogams. Siphonogamous embryophyta.

582.42/.47 Gymnospermopsida. Plants with naked seeds

582.5/.9 Angiospermae (Magnoliophyta). Angiosperms. Flowering plants. Covered-seed plants. Later seed plants

582.6/.9 Dicotyledonae (Magnoliopsida)

582.7 Rosidae

582.9 Asteridae

59 Zoology

591 General zoology

591.1 Animal physiology

591.2 Diseases of (undomesticated) animals. Animal pathology

591.3 Animal embryology. Animal ontogeny. Development of the inpidual organism

591.4 Study of animal organs. Animal organology. Animal anatomy. Zootomy

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