炼铁毕业设计

本科生毕业设计说明书

题 目：包头地区下2200m3高炉本体

设计

学生姓名：李喜平 学 号：200876102411 专 业：冶金工程 班 级：冶金08-4班 指导教师：王艺慈 副教授

内蒙古科技大学毕业设计说明书

摘 要

随着炼铁技术的不断发展,高炉一代炉役寿命的不断提高，长寿高炉技术应用越来越广泛。它是降低炼铁成本,提高钢铁企业经济效益的重要手段。在大型高炉设计中,通过优化炉型、采用合理炉缸内衬结构、铜冷却壁、软水密闭循环冷却系统、薄壁内衬等技术为高炉长寿创造条件， 提出了长寿高炉的基本设计思想。为了适应这一发展趋势,.在本次长寿高炉设计中,对高炉合理内型、合理内衬结构和不同部位耐火材料的选择、冷却方式和冷却系统(包括冷却器的结构、材质与水质等)及其它有关方面作了综合考虑。

关键词 ：高炉 ；长寿技术 ；炉体设计 ；矮胖型

I

内蒙古科技大学毕业设计说明书

Design of Long Life BF

ABSTRACT

BF campaign life is continuously increased as unceasing development of iron making technology. It is being used more and more abroad. The long campaign technologies of blast furnace is one of the most important measures which reduce the iron making production cost and improve the economic profits of Iron and Steel Company. In the design of large BF, the technologies like optimized BF profile, reasonable hearth lining, copper stave, soft water closed circulating cooling system and thin-walled lining etc. were applied to prolong BF campaign life. The basic concept of designing long campaign blast furnace was put forward. In order to adapt to the trend, during designing long campaign blast furnace, the rational; furnace profile, rational furnace lining structure and selection of different refractories for various areas, cooling method and system (including cooler structure and material, cooling water and so on) and concerned aspects must be comprehensively considered.

Key Words

：BF；Longevity； Design of Furnace Body

II

内蒙古科技大学毕业设计说明书

目 录

摘 要 ......................................................................................................................................... I 第一章 文献综述....................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 研究背景 ..................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 我国高炉大型化的发展现状..................................................................................... 6 1.3 高炉用耐火材料的发展............................................................................................. 8 1.4 高炉冷却 .................................................................................................................. 10

1.4.1 高炉冷却方式的发展................................................................................... 10 1.4.2 高炉冷却器的发展....................................................................................... 11 1.5 高炉炉体结构........................................................................................................... 14

1.5.1 炉缸 .............................................................................................................. 14 1.5.2 炉腹 .............................................................................................................. 14 1.5.3 炉腰 .............................................................................................................. 14 1.5.4 炉身 .............................................................................................................. 15 1.5.5 炉喉 .............................................................................................................. 15 1.6 国内外高炉钢结构设计技术................................................................................... 15

1.6.1 高炉钢结构................................................................................................... 16 1.6.2 炉壳 .............................................................................................................. 16 1.6.3 炉体框架....................................................................................................... 16 1.6.4 高炉结构荷载认识的深入........................................................................... 16 1.6.5 我国在钢结构设计上的现状....................................................................... 17 1.7 高炉基础 .................................................................................................................. 18

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内蒙古科技大学毕业设计说明书

1.7.1 高炉基础的负荷........................................................................................... 18 1.7.2 对高炉基础的要求....................................................................................... 18

第二章 炼铁工艺计算............................................................................................................. 20

2.1 高炉冶炼条件............................................................................................................ 20

2.1.1 烧结矿的成分补齐计算整理....................................................................... 20 2.1.2 球团矿成分补齐计算整理........................................................................... 21 2.1.3 澳矿成分补齐计算整理............................................................................... 22 2.1.4 硅石的成分补齐计算整理........................................................................... 23 2.2 配料计算 ................................................................................................................... 25 2.3 物料平衡计算 ........................................................................................................... 27 2.4 物料平衡计算 ........................................................................................................... 31

2.4.1 热收入 ............................................................................................................. 31 2.4.2 热支出 ........................................................................................................... 32 2.5 高温区热平衡计算................................................................................................... 34

2.5.1 高温区热收入 ............................................................................................... 35 （1）碳素在风口前燃烧放出的热量Qhs1 ........................................................................ 35

2.5.2 高温区热支出 ................................................................................................. 35 2.6 理论焦比的计算....................................................................................................... 36 第三章 2200m3高炉本体设计................................................................................................ 39

3.1 高炉内型设计 ........................................................................................................... 39

3.1.1 炉缸设计......................................................................................................... 40 3.1.2 炉腹、炉腰、炉身部位的设计..................................................................... 41 3.1.3 炉喉设计......................................................................................................... 42

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