美国文学练习题

Part I. The Literature of Colonial America

I. Fill in the following Blanks.

1. The most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was ________

11. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety, these were the ________ values that dominated much of the early American writing.

III. Make multiple choices.

1. English literature in the America is only about more than ________ years old.

A. 500 B. 400 C. 200 D. 100 6. __________ usually was regarded as the first American writer.

A. William Bradford B. Anne Bradstreet C. Emily Dickinson D. Captain John Smith 10. The common thread throughout American literature has been the emphasis on the__________. A. Revolutionism B. Reason C. Individualism D. Rationalism 11. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the “______” who appeared in America.

A. Ninth Muse B. Tenth Muse C. Best Muse D. First Muse

Part II. The Literature of Reason and Revolution

I. Fill in the blanks.

3. 4. 9.

Benjamin Franklin also edited the first colonial magazine, which he called _____. Benjamin Franklin' s best writing is found in his masterpiece ________ . The most outstanding poet in America of the 18th century was _____________.

10. Philip Freneau' s famous poem____________ was written about his imprisoned experience. 11. _________ was considered as the “poet of the American Revolution.” 12. _________ has been called the \.”

14. In American literature, the eighteenth century was an Age of _________ and Revolution. III. Make multiple choices.

1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment. ____ was the dominant spirit. A. Humanism B. Rationalism C. Revolution D. Evolution 2. In American literature, the Enlighteners were opposed to ________.

A. the colonial order B. religious obscurantism C. the Puritan tradition D. the secular literature 4. Which statement about Benjamin Franklin is not true?

A. He instructed his countrymen as a printer. B. He was a scientist. C. He was a master of diplomacy. D. He was a Puritan. 6. Which of the following stirred the world and helped form the American republic?

A. The American Crisis B. The Federalist C. Declaration of Independence D. The Waste Land 7. Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the____________ .

A. American Enlightenment B. Sugar Act C. Chartist movement D. Romanticist

8. From 1732 to 1758, Benjamin Franklin wrote and published his famous ___ , an annal collection of proverbs. A. The Autobiography B. Poor Richard's Almanac C. Common Sense D. The General Magazine 13. Which statement about Philip Freneau is true?

A .He was a satirist .B. He was a pamphleteer .C. He was a poet. D. He was a bitter polemicist. 14. Which poem is not written by Philip Freneau?

A. The British Prison Ship B. The Wild Honey Suckle C. The Indian Burying Ground D. The Day of Doom

15. Who was considered as the \

A. Michael Wigglesworth B. Edward Taylor C. Anne Bradstreet D. Philip Freneau 17. During the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the____________ .

A. Chartist Movement B. Romanticist Movement C. Enlightenment Movement D. Modernist Movement 20. Benjamin Franklin shaped his writing after the___ of the English essayists Joseph Addison and Richard Steele. A. Spectator Papers B. Walden C. Nature D. The Sacred Wood

Part III. The Literature of Romanticism

I. Fill in the blanks

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

In the early nineteenth century, Washington Irving wrote ________ which became the first work by an In 1828, __________ published his An American Dictionary of the English Language.

In 1755, __________ published his remarkable dictionary named Dictionary of the English Language. The Civil War of 1861—1865 ended in the defeat of the Southerners and the abolition of___________ . The American Transcendentalists formed a club called _________ . The Transcendental Club often met at___________ ' s Concord home. ______ was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American romanticism.

At nineteen______ published in his brother's newspaper, his \In Washington Irving's work___________ appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.

American juvenile literature.

10. In Paris, Washington Irving met John Howard Payne, the American dramatist and actor, with whom Irving wrote his brilliant social comedy_____________, or The Merry Monarch.

11. The short story The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is taken from Washington Irving's work named _______. 12. _________ was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the Revolutionary War. 13. Washington Irving' s first book appeared in 1809. It was entitled ____________.

14. Washington Irving also wrote two biographies, one is The Life of Oliver Goldsmith, and the other is___________.

15. The first important American novelist was___________.

16. James Fenimore Cooper’s novel ___________ was a rousing tale about espionage against the British during the Revolutionary War.

17. The best of James Fenimore Cooper's sea romances was____________. The hero of the novel represents John Paul Jones, the great naval fighter of the Revolutionary War.

18. The central figure in the Leather stocking Tales is____________ , who goes by the various names of Leather stocking, Deerslayer, Pathfinder and Hawkeye.

19. \critic \

20. __________ was the first American to gain the stature of a major poet in the world literature.

21. Among William Cullen Bryant's most important later works are his translations of the Iliad and the____________ into English blank verse.

22. Edgar Allan Poe’s poem___________ is perhaps the best example of onomatopoeia in the English language. 23. Edgar Allan Poe's poem____________ was published in 1845 as the title poem of a collection. 24. Ralph___________ Emerson was responsible for bringing transcendentalism to New England.

25. Ralph Waldo Emerson's truest disciple, the man who put into practice many of Emerson's theories,

was____________.

26. In 1845, Henry David Thoreau began a two-year residence at _________________ Pond.

27. A superb book entitled_________ came out of Henry David Thoreau's two-year experiment at Walden Pond. 28. From Henry David Thoreau’s Concord jail experience, came his famous essay ______. 29. Hester Prynne is the heroine in Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel _____________.

30. Herman Melville’s novel____________ is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.

31. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's first collection of poems entitled ______________ appeared in 1838. 32. The most scholarly of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s writings is his translation of Dante’s ______. 33. Besides lyrics and longer poems Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote dramatic works, among which____________ is the most conspicuous.

34. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and _____________ are the only two American poets commemorated in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey.

35. After his death, __________ became the only American to be honored with a bust in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey.

36. The American Romantic period stretches from the end of the eighteenth century through the outburst of the___________ .

37. The English author named___________ was, in a way, responsible for the romantic description of landscape in American literature and the development of American Indian romance. His Waverley novels were models for American historical romances.

38. Published in 1823, __________ was the first of the Leather stocking Tales, in their order of publication time, and probably the first true romance of the frontier in American literature.

39. In the Pioneers, __________ represents the ideal American, living a virtuous and free life in God’s world. 40. In 1836, a little book came out which made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life of America. It was entitled Nature by____________.

41. Ralph Waldo Emerson's essay__________ has been regarded as \Declaration of Intellectual Independence\ It called on American writers to write about America in a way peculiarly American.

42. Another renowned New England Transcendentalist was___________, a friend of Ralph Waldo Emerson' s and his junior by some fourteen years.

43. The way in which___________ wrote The Scarlet Letter suggests that American Romanticism adapted itself to American puritan moralism.

44. Herman Melville's world classic novel Moby Dick was dedicated to__________, a novelist.

45. It is said that in his late years, Herman Melville stopped writing novels and stories and turned to poetry, ___________ is his most famous poetic work.

46. Herman Melville is best known as the author of one book named___________, which is, critics have agreed, one of the world's greatest masterpieces. II. Make multiple choices.

1. In 1837, the first college-level institution for women, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, was established in____________ to serve the \

A. New England B. Virginia C. Massachusetts D. New York 2. Transcendentalism took their ideas from___________. A. the romantic literature in Europe B. neo-Platonism

C. German idealistic philosophy D. the revelations of oriental mysticism

3. As a philosophical and literary movement, _____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.

A. modernism B. rationalism C. sentimentalism D. transcendentalism

4. Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in___________ and Henry David Thoreau. A. Thomas Jefferson B. Ralph Waldo Emerson C. Philip Freneau D. Oversoul 5. Who were regarded as the \

A. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow B. Lowell C. Oliver Russel Holmes D. John Greenleaf Whittier 6. American statesmen such as__________ slowly won for their country the respect of European powers. A. Washington B. Jefferson C. Madison D. Monroe 7. _________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.

A. Henry David Thoreau B. Ralph Waldo Emerson C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Walt Whitman 8. Transcendentalists recognized__________ as the \

A. intuition B. logic C. data of the senses D. thinking

9. Led by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ralph Waldo Emerson and _____________, there arose a kind of teachings of transcendentalism in the early nineteenth century.

A. Herman Melville B. Henry David Thoreau C. Mark Twain D. Theodore Dreiser

10. Transcendentalism appealed to those who disdained the harsh God of the Puritan ancestors, and it appealed to those who scorned the pale deity of New England

A. Transcendentalism B. Humanism C. Naturalism D. Unitarianism

11. In the early 19th century America, statesmen such as _________ , came to dominate American politics not with their prose but with the emotional force of their oratory.

A. Daniel Webster B. Daniel Defoe C. Philip Freneau D. Thomas Paine

12. A new___________ had appeared in England in the last years of the eighteenth century. It spread to continental Europe and then came to America early in the nineteenth century.

A. realism B. critical realism C. romanticism D. naturalism

13. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature, evident in _________ .

A. James Fenimore Cooper's Leatherstocking Tales B. Henry David Thoreau' s V/alden C. Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn D. Nathaniel Hawthorne's the Scarlet Letter

14. A preoccupation with the demonic and the mystery of evil marked the works of _________ , and a host of lesser writers.

A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B. Edgar Allan Poe C. Herman Melville D. Mark Twain 15. An American Dictionary of the English Language was published in 1828 by_____

A. Samuel Johnson B. Noah Webster C. Daniel Webster D. Daniel Defoe

16. In the nineteenth century America, Romantics often shared certain general characteristics. Choose such characteristics from the following.

A. moral enthusiasm B. faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception C. adoration for the natural world D. presumption about the corrosive effect of human society 17. Choose Washington Irving’s works from the following.

A. The Sketch Book B. Bracebridge Hall C. Tales of a Traveller D. A History of New York 18. In James Fenimore Cooper's novels, close after Natty Bumppo in romantic appeal, come the two noble red men. Choose them from the following.

A. the Mohican Chief Chingachgook B. Uncas C. Tom Jones D. Kubla Khan

19. In 1817, the stately poem called Thanatopsis introduced the best poet____ to appear in America up to that time. A. Edward Taylor B. Philip Freneau C. William Cullen Bryant D. Edgar Allan Poe 20. Choose William Cullen Bryant's poems from the following.

A. To a Caty-Did B. To a Waterfowl C. Thanatopsis D. The Wild Honey Suckle 21. From the following, choose the poems written by Edgar Allan Poe. A. To Helen B. The Raven C. Annabel Lee D. The Bells 22. In his post on the Messenger, Edgar Allan Poe showed his true talents as

A. an editor B. a poet C. a literary critic D. a fiction writer 23. Edgar Allan Poe's first collection of short stories is___________ .

A. Tales of a Traveller B. Leatherstocking TalesC. Canterbury Tales D. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque 24. From the following, choose the characteristics of Ralph Waldo Emerson's poetry.

A. being highly individual B. harsh rhythms C. lack of form and polish D. striking images 25. Which book is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?

A. Representative Men B. English Traits C. Nature D. The Rhodora 26. Which essay is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?

A. Of Studies B. Self-Reliance C. The American Scholar D. The Divinity School Address 27. From Henry David Thoreau’s jail experience, came his famous essay, ___________, which states Thoreau's belief that no man should violate his conscience at the command of a government.

A. Walden B. Nature C. Civil Disobedience D. Common Sense 28. The finest example of Nathaniel Hawthorne' s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in__________ .

A. The Scarlet Letter B. Young Goodman Brown C. The Marble Faun D. The Ambitious Guest 29. The House of Seven Gables is a famous mystery-haunted novel written by_________

A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B. Nathaniel Hathorne C. Nathanal Hawthorne D. Nathanial Hathorne 30. Nathaniel Hawthorne's ability to create vivid and symbolic images that embody great moral questions also appears strongly in his short stories. Choose his short stories from the following.

A. Young Goodman Brown B. The Great Stone Face C. The Ambitious Guest D. Ethan Brand E. The Pearl 31. Which is not Nathaniel Hawthorne's long novel?

A. The Scarlet Letter B. The Marble Faun C. The Blithe dale Romance D. The House of Seven Gables E. Dr. Heidegger's Experiment

32. Herman Melville called his friend Nathaniel Hawthorne_____________ in American literature. A. the largest brain with the largest heart B. father of American poetry C. the transcendentalist D. the American scholar 33. Choose the characters which appear in the novel The Scarlet Letter.

A. Hester Prynne B. Arthur Dimmesdale C. Roger Chillingworth D. Pearl 34. __________ was a romanticized account of Herman Melville's stay among the Polynesians. The success of the book soon made Melville well known as the \A. Moby Dick B. Typee C. Omoo D. Billy Budd

35. With the appearance of ______________ in 1855, which is about American Indians, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's poetical reputation was established.

A. Evangeline B. The Courtship of Miles Standish C. Song of Hiawatha D. Michael Angelo 36. Choose the authors who belong to the romantic group in American literature.

A. Ralph Waldo Emerson B. Henry David Thoreau C.Nathaniel Hawthorne D.Herman Melville E.Walt Whitman 37. In the early nineteenth century American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothing has left a deeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did__________ .

A. Puritanism B. Romanticism C. Rationalism D. Sentimentalism

38. American romanticist writers, like Washington Irving and especially the group of New England poets such

as_____, _____, ____, ____,_____ and Lowell, tried to model their works upon English and European masters. A. William Cullen Bryant B. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow C. Oliver Russel Holmes D. John Greenleaf Whittier E. Thomas Gray

39. Washington Irving was best known for his famous short stories such as____________ and____________. A. Rip Van Winkle B. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow C. Life of Goldsmith D. Life of Washington 40. \book Nature written by Emerson, which pushed American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England______

A. Romanticism B. Transcendentalism C. Naturalism D. Symbolism

41. There is a good reason to state that New England Transcendentalism was actually _______ on the Puritan soil. A. Romanticism B. Puritanism C. Mysticism D. Unitarianism D. Herman Melville E. Walt Whitman 43. Which is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism? A. Nature B. Walden C. On Beauty D. Self-Reliance 44. Which is regarded as the \

A. The American Scholar B. English Traits C. The Conduct of Life D. Representative Men 45. ____ is an appalling fictional version of Nathaniel Hawthorne's belief that \lives into the successive ones\A. The Marble Fau B. The House of Seven Gables C. The Blithedale Romance D. Young Goodman Brown 46. Nathaniel Hawthorne's intellectual characters are usually villains, dreadful because of devoid of fellow feeling. Choose the specimens of Hawthorne's chilling, cold-blooded human animals.

A. Chillingworth in The Scarlet Letter B. Hollingsworth in the Blithedale Romance C. Dr. Rappaccini in Rappaccini’s Daughter D. Pearl in the Scarlet Letter

47. Which three novels drew from Herman Melville’s adventures among the people of the South Pacific islands? A. Typee B. Omoo C. Mardi D. Redburn

48. Herman Melville' s___________ is an encyclopedia of everything: history, philosophy, religion, etc. in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.

A. The Old Man and the Sea B. Moby Dick C. White Jacket D. Billy Budd

Part IV. The Literature of Realism

I. Fill in the blanks.

1.Realism had originated in the country ________ as a literary doctrine that called for \depiction of ordinary life.

2.The arbiter of nineteenth century literary realism in America was_______________ .

3.____________ probed deeply at the individual psychology of his characters, writing in a rich and intricate style that supported his intense scrutiny of complex human experience.

4.__________, breaking out of the narrow limits of local color fiction, described the breadth of American experience as no one had ever done before, or since.

5.__________ had an evident influence on naturalism. It seemed to stress the animality of man, to suggest that he was dominated by the irresistible forces of evolution.

6.The poetic style Walt Whitman devised is now called __________ , that is poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.

7.In his cluster of poems called Leaves of Grass, _______ gave America its first genuine epic poem.

8.There is no doubt that the solitary Emily Dickinson of _____, Massachusetts, is a poet of great power and beauty. 9.There was only one female prose writer in the nineteenth century. That was________

10. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s masterpiece is_____________ .

11. Samuel Langhorne Clemens is better known by the pen name______________ .

12. One of Samuel Langhorne Clemens' best books_______ is built around his experiences as a steamboat pilot. 13. The result of Mark Twain’s European trip was a series of newspaper articles, later published as a book called____________.

14. __________ was the first literary giant born west of the Mississippi.

15. Mark Twain's work__________ tells of the visits of an angel to the village of Eseldorf in Austria in 1590. 16. William Sidney Porter, whose pen name was_________ , was the author of The Cop and the Anthem. 17. Many of O. Henry's stories tell about the life of poor people in_______________ .

18. 0. Henry sympathized with the poor's lot and hated those rich who exploited and despised them. This is especially seen in his story entitled_____________ .

19. It is said that O. Henry imitated a French author named ______________ as a model, and there is indeed much in common between these two writers.

20. The title of one of O. Henry' s books_____________ indicates that he considered all the people of New York City worth writing about, instead of only the upper class.

21. Henry James' first novel is___________ , which failed to make him famous.

22. The novel described by an American critic as \23. Henry James' first important fiction was___________ , in which he took up for the first time the theme of The American in Europe.

24. In 1881, Henry James published his novel __________ , which is generally considered as his masterpiece. 25. __________ is considered the founder of Psychological realism. He believed that reality lies in the impressions made by life on the spectator.

26. The name of the heroine in The Portrait of a Lady is __________ . 27. In 1902 Jack London published his first novel____________ . 28. __________ is the novel into which Jack London put most of himself. 29. The first novel of Theodore Dreiser was____________ .

30. The identification of potency with money is at the heart of Theodore Dreiser's masterpiece__________ . 31. The protagoniswof Theodore Dreiser's Trilogy of Desire is ______ .

32. Theodore Dreiser visited the Soviet Union in 1927 and published______________ the following year. 33. Theodore Dreiser's novel____________ , a commercial and critical failure when first published in 1900, was reissued in 1907 and won high praise for its grim, naturalistic portrayal of American society.

34. Mark Twain’s first novel, ___________ was an artistic failure, but it gave its name to the America of the postbellum period which it attempts to satirize.

35. Three years' life on the Mississippi left such a fond memory with Mark Twain that he returned to the theme more than once in his writing career. His book_____ relates it in a vivid, moving way.

36.___was Mark Twain’s masterpiece from which, as Hemingway noted, \.” 37. The best work that Mark Twain ever produced is__________ , which was a success from its first publication in 1884, and has always been regarded as one of the great books of western literature and western civilization. 38. __________ is the pioneer who wrote in the naturalistic tradition.

39. Stephen Crane’s novel_____ relates the story of a woman’s downfall and destruction in a slum environment. 40. War in the novel _____ by Stephen Crane is a plain slaughterhouse. There is nothing like valor or heroism on the battlefield, if there is anything, it is the fear of death, cowardice, the natural instinct of man to run from danger. 41. Benjamin Frank Norris’s novel__________ has been called \first full-bodied naturalistic American novel\

42. Jack London's masterwork___________ is somewhat autobiographical.

43. O. Henry's___________ is a very moving story of a young couple who sell their best possessions in order to get money for a Christmas present for each other.

III. Make multiple choices.

1. In the late 19th century, a host of new writers appeared, among them were _____.

A. Bret Harte B. William Dean Howells C. Hamlin Garland D. Mark Twain

2. Influenced by such Europeans as___, America's most noteworthy new authors established a literature of realism. A. Zola B. Flaubert C. Balzac D. Tolstoy

3. William Dean Howells defined realism as \more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material”, and he best exemplified his theories in three novels. Choose them from the following.

A.The Modem Instance B.The Rise of Silas Laphan C.A Hazard of New Fortunes D.The Prince and the Pauper 4. Mark Twain created, in____________ , a masterpiece of American realism that is also one of the great books of world literature.

A. Huckleberry Finn B. Tom Sawyer C. The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg D. The Gilded Age 5. The pessimism and deterministic ideas of naturalism pervaded the works of such American writers as___________

A. Stephen Crane B. Benjamin Frank Norris C. Jack London D. Henry James E. Theodore Dreiser 6. Although realism and naturalism were products of the nineteenth century, their final triumph came in the twentieth century, with the popular and critical successes of such writers as___________ .

A.Edwin Arlington Robinson B.Willa Cather C.Sherwood Anderson D.Robert Frost E. William Faulkner 7. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. This was _____. A. Anne Bradstreet B. Jane Austen C. Emily Dickinson D. Harriet Beecher 8. Choose the works written by Mark Twain.

A. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer B. Innocents Abroad C. Life on the Mississippi D. The Tragedy of Pudd’ nhead Wilson E. The Prince and the Pauper

9. The publication of the novel____________ stirred a great nation to its depths and hurried on a great war. A. My Bondage and My Freedom B. Stanzas on Freedom C. Voices of Freedom D. Uncle Tom' s Cabin 10. Mark Twain had led an active life in the very center of the American experience. He had been a____________ . A.printer, pilot, soldier B.silver-minor,gold-washer C.lecturer, traveler, businessman D.novelist, autobiographer 11. Which statements about O. Henry are right?

A. He wrote about the poor people. B. His stories are usually short and humorous. C. The plots of his stories are exceedingly clever and interesting. D. The ends of his stories are always surprising.

E. Many of his stories contain a great deal of slang and colloquial expressions.

12. Where Mark Twain and William Dean Howells satirized European manners at times, ______ was an admirer. A. O. Henry B. Henry James C. Walt Whitman D. Jack London 13. Choose the well-known short stories written by William Sidney Porter.

A. The Gift of the Magi B. An Unfinished Story C. The Furnished Room D. The Voice of the City E. The Cop and the Anthem 14. Choose the novels written by Henry James.

A. The American B. Daisy Miller C. The Portrait of a Lady D. The Tragic Muse E. The Golden Bowl 15. Choose the novel which is not written by Henry James.

A. The Ambassadors B. The Wings of the Dove C. The Bostonians D. The Princess Casamassima E. The Mysterious Stranger

14. Jack London' s sincere intellectual and personal involvement in the socialist movement is recorded in such novels and polemical works as_____________ .

A. The People of the Abyss B. The Iron Heel C. Revolution D. The War of the Classes

17. While embracing the socialism of Marx, London also believed in the triumph of the strongest individuals. This contradiction is most vividly projected in the patently autobiographical novel___________ .

A. The Call of the Wild B. The Sea Wolf C. Martin Eden D. The Iron Heel 18. In 1900, London published his first collection of short stories, named___________

A. The Son of the Wolf B. The Sea Wolf C. The Law of Life D. White Fang 19. Dreiser's Trilogy of Desire includes three novels. Find them from the following.

A. The Financier B. The Titan C. The Genius D. The Stoic E. Jannie Gerhardt

20. \A. An American Tragedy B. Sister Carrie C. Dreiser Looks at Russia D. Jannie Gerhardt 21. The main theme of___________ The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo that representation of life should be the main object of the novel.

A. Henry James' B. William Dean Howells' C. Mark Twain's D. O. Henry's 22. With William Dean Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, _______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.

A. sentimentalism B. romanticism C. realism D. naturalism 23. Choose the three staunch advocates of nineteenth-century American realism.

A. Mark Twain B. Henry James C. William Dean Howells D. Jack London 24. Choose the works which contain bitter attacks on the human race.

A. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court B. The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg C. The Mysterious Stranger D. The Autobiography

25. Mark Twain was a great social critic and a friend of the Chinese. His Disgraceful Percecution of a Boy is a scathing piece of criticism directed against the persecution of the___________ immigrants in California.

A. Quakers B. Chinese C. French D. Japanese 26. Mark Twain stood on the side of China in its struggle against foreign invasions. His_______ and________ are two notable examples of his vigorous at? tacks on the imperialist behavior of the United States__________ . A. The Treaty with China

B. To the Person Sitting in Darkness

of environment and heredity overwhelming man.

A. Open Boat B. The Blue Hotel C. An Experiment in Misery D. The Red Badge of Courage 28. Which writers have naturalist tendency?

A. Stephen Crane B. Benjamin Frank Norris C. Theodore Dreiser D. Edwin Arlington Robinson 29. Theodore Dreiser was left-oriented in his views. He visited Russia and wrote and _________ to express his new faith, and shortly before his death, he joined the Communist Party.

A. Dreiser Looks at Russia B. Tragic America C. An American Tragedy D. The Titan 30. Choose Jack London' s works from the following. A. The Call of the Wild B. White Fang

C. The Sea Wolf

D. Martin Eden

C. Disgraceful Persecution of a Boy D. Goldsmith' s Friend Abroad Again

27. Stephen Crane's best short stories include _________, _________, all reinforcing the basic Crane motif

Part V. Twentieth Century Literature (I) Before WWII

I. Fill in the blanks.

1.

____stands as a great dividing line between the nineteenth century and the contemporary American literature.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

American writers of the first postwar era self-consciously acknowledged that they were a \”, The most significant American poem of the twentieth century was_____________.

The publication of The Waste Land, written by____________, helped to establish a modern tradition of In 1920, Sinclair Lewis published his memorable denunciation of American small-town provincialism F. Scott Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decade in his masterpiece The__________ of the 1930s greatly weakened the American nation's self-confidence.

An American woman writer named ____________ who had lived in Paris since 1903, welcomed the young _____ wrote about the disintegration of the old social system in the American Southern States, and its effect

devoid of faith and alienated from a civilization.

literature rich with learning and allusive thought. in___________. novel___________ .

expatriates to her literary salon, and gave them a name \on the lives of modern people, both black and white.

10. Ezra Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the \_” movement. 11. Ezra Pound's major work of poetry is the long poem called______________

12.One of Edwin Arlington Robinson's early books, __once came to the attention of President Theodore Roosevelt. 13. Edwin Arlington Robinson produced a large body of works and was honored with the___________ Prize in 1922, 1925 and 1928.

14. Robert Frost's first book___________ brought him to the attention of influential critics, such as Ezra Pound, who praised him as an authentic poet.

15. Robert Frost's second volume of poems was______________ 16. \

17. _________ one of Robert Frost' s longest poems, is a very witty and wise anecdotal discussion about the values of life and character.

18. At one time, Sandburg's reputation mainly rested on a multi-volume biography of__________ including “The Prairie Years\

19. Carl Sandburg's love of folklore developed in time into a rather modern tendency to represent it in literature such as in his___________.

20. __________ was successful in two fields of activity which did not seem compatible with one another; he was a very successful businessman and a very remarkable contemporary poet at the same time.

21. At the age of 44, Wallace Stevens was finally persuaded to publish a book of poems, entitled___________ . 22. __________ is a collection of Wallace Stevens’s occasional lectures on poetry.

23. For the publication of his Collected Poems, ______ received the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize. 24. After his death, Wallace Stevens' s previously uncollected works appeared under the title__________ . 25. In 1915, __________ published his Prufrock and Other Observations.

26. In 1920, Thomas Stearns Eliot published his________, containing, among other essays, \Individual Talent\

27.In 1920, Thomas Stearns Eliot began to write his masterpiece____,one of the major works of modern literature. 28. As Thomas Stearns Eliot declared, he followed strictly the advice of his close friend___________ in cutting and concentrating The Waste Land.

29. Thomas Stearns Eliot's later poetry took a positive turn toward faith in life. This was demonstrated by____________, a poem of mystical conflict between faith and doubt.

30. In his work___________, Thomas Stearns Eliot satirized the straw men, the Guy Fawkles men, whose world

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