必修四 Unit 4

我 必修四 Unit 4 Body language

【要点总览】

1. statement n. 陈述；说明 state vt.陈述 state n.州；国家；状态 2. greet vt. ＆vi. 迎接；问候 greeting n.问候；致敬 3. represent vt. 代表；象征representation n. 重点句6. turn one’s back to 背对；背弃 1. The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，紧随其后的英国的茱莉亚·史密斯。 2. She stepped back appearing surprised and 表现；描述，描绘；表现形式 4. association n. 社团；联系；联想 associate vt.联合；结交；加入；联系 5. flight n. 飞行；航班 fly vt.&vi. 飞；放飞；使飞 6. curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv.好奇地 7. approach vt. ＆vi.接近；靠近；走近approach n. 接近；方法；途径 8. defend vt. 保护；保卫 defence n.防御；保卫 9. major adj. 主要的 majority n.大多数；多重数 点10. misunderstand vt. 误解；误会 单misunderstanding n. 误解；误会 词 11. dash vi.猛冲；突进 12. adult n.成人；成年人adult adj. 成人的；成熟的 13. spoken adj.口语的 unspoken adj. 为说出口的；非口语的 14. likely adj. 可能的 15. function n. 作用；功能；职能function vi.起作用；运转 16. ease n. 安逸；舒适ease vt.减轻（痛苦、忧虑） 17. truly adv. 真实地；真诚地；真正地 true adj.真正的；真诚的 18. anger n. 怒气；怒火 angry adj.生气的 19. respectful adj. 恭敬的 respect vt.尊敬；尊重 respect n.尊重；尊敬 20. rank n. 等级；军衔 rank vt. and vi.将??分等级；属某等级 重1. defend against 保卫??以免受 点2.be likely to 很可能??；有希望?? 短3. in general 总的来说；通常 语 4. at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 5. lose face丢脸

式 put up her hands, as if in defence.她后退了几步，看上去有些吃惊，并举起了手，好像是在自卫。 单元语 现在分词作状语 法 1.禁令和警告（Prohibition and warning） 功Always stay… Do not… Stop 能Keep away from… Go away. 项2.义务和责任(Obligation) 目 You must… You should never… You’ll be You’ll have to… You will need to 【考点突破】

1. Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s students association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.昨天，我和我的另一个同学代表我们大学的学生会去首都国际机场迎接今年的国际学生。

represent vt. 代表；描绘；体现；象征 represent to … 向??表示；交涉 represent … as … 把??描绘成 represent oneself as / to be 自称是??；声言?? represent sth to sb向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事 ①The red lines on the map represent railway lines. 地图上的红线表示铁路。

②She represents herself as the kindest mother in the world.

她把自己描绘成世界上最好的母亲。

③He represented our school to take part in the competition and all of us were proud of him.

他代表我们学校参加竞赛，我们都为他感到骄傲。 ④You must represent your complaints to Head Office. 你必须向总部表示出你的抱怨。 [易混辨析]

represent ，on behalf of 与stand for represent 用来表示“代表某人、某个集团、某个团体、政府等”；“某种标志代表什么”；“某物（书、雕塑等）表现的是什么”和“把某人、物描绘成什么”。 on behalf of 只能用作状语，表示“代表、代替某人”. stand for 往往用来表示“（字母、数字、符号等）代表、象征什么”。 ①On behalf of everyone here, I wish you a very happy holiday.

我代表在座的各位祝你假期愉快。 ②What does the letter E stand for? 字母E代表什么？ [用法拓展] representation n. 表现；描述，描绘；表现形式；代理人 make representation to与??交涉；向??提出抗议 representative n. 代表 adj. 典型的，有代表性的 ①The painting is a representation of a storm at sea. 这幅画描绘的是海上的暴风雨。

②He is a representative for a large steel company. 他是一家大型钢铁公司的代理人。 [特别提醒] represent 作“说明，使明白”和“传达，表达”讲时不能直接跟“人”作宾语，常用结构为“represent sth to sb 或represent to sb sth”。 类似单词还有explain, relate(叙说)，guarantee, suggest, announce等。 [即景活用] The Olympic mascots are the Olympic flame, the fish, the panda, the Tibetan antelope and the swallow, ____ a close group of friends.

A. to represent B. representing C. represented D. represent [自我校对]B

2. The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，紧随其后的英国的茱莉亚·史密斯。 the first +名词+ to do第一个做??的人 Mr Zhang is always the first man to arrive at the office and the last man to leave.

张先生总是第一个来上班，又是最后一个离开办公

室的人。 [特别提醒] ①英语中由first…last等序数词以及only，next等所修饰的名词后常用不定式作定语。 ②形容词的最高级所修饰的名词后也常用不定式作定语。 ① He is always the last to come. 他总是最后一个来。

② What is the best thing to do? 该干什么才好呢？ [即景活用]

As members of British team, they were the first ______ it to the summit of Mount Qomolangma. A．making B．make C．to make D．made

[自我校对]C

3. Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! 托尼走近茱莉亚，摸了摸她的肩，并亲了她的脸！

approach vt. & vi. 建议，要求；接近；靠近 n.接近；方法，途径；通路

at the approach of在??快到的时候 an approach to sth.??的处理方法 make an approach to向??提出建议（要求） approach sb. about/for sth.向某人要求某事 ①Christmas was approaching. 圣诞节快到了。

②His approaches to the problem are wrong. 他处理这个问题的方法是错误的。

③The club has made an approach to a local business firm for sponsorship.

俱乐部已试探向本地一家公司寻求资助。 ④The approach to the house was a narrow path. 通往这房子的路是一条狭窄的小径。 [用法拓展] approachable adj.易接近的；平日近人的 You'll find the headmaster a very approachable person.

你将会发现校长十分平易近人。 [即景活用]

①Another company tried to gain ____ to the plans of our new model by bribing one of our employees. A. access B. approach C. information D. knowledge

②Snow announced the ______ of winter. A. attitude B. approach C. viewpoint D. principle [自我校对] ①A②B

4. She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. 她后退了几步，看上去有些吃惊，并举起了手，好像是在自卫。 (1)as if in defence这是一种省略句式。 在时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句中，如果谓语动词包含有动词be，并且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，或者从句中主语是it，就常常把从句中的主语和动词be省略掉。 ①Look out for cars when crossing the street. 过街时注意车辆。

②If not well managed, it can be harmful. 如果管理不善，这还可能有害处。

③She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.

尽管身体还很不好，她仍非常努力地工作。 ④She hurriedly left the room as if angry. 她急匆匆地走出房去，好像很生气的样子。 ⑤If possible, I should like to have two copies of it. 可能的话我希望有两本。 (2)defence n.防御, 保卫, 保护 in defence of 保卫; 捍卫;为...辩护 We should fight in defence of our country. 我们应该为保卫祖国而战。 [用法拓展] defend vt. & vi.保卫；辩护; 辩解 defend against保卫??以免受 ①They defended very well in the game. 在那场比赛中他们防守得很好。

②She defended herself successfully in court. 她在法庭上成功地为自己进行了辩护。 ③She had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。 [即景活用]

①No matter how frequently ____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. A. performed B. performing C. to be performed D. being performed ②The old tower must be saved, ______the cost. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever

[自我校对] ①A②B

5. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.但是，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能就（用身体）触摸陌生人。 likely adj. 预期的；可能的

It’s likely that …= sb be likely to do… 做某事是可能的 ①Is it likely that the plane will be late? 飞机可能要晚点吗？

②She is not likely to come next month. 她下月很可能不来。 [易混辨析] likely, possible与probable 1. likely 强调表面上看来有可能，与probable 意思接近，有时可以互换，但likely 常暗示从表面迹象来判断。常用句型： ①sth/sb be likely to do ②It is likely that … 2. probable 表示有几分根据的推测，比possible 表示的可能性大。换句话说，probable 的“有可能”，是指有实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理。常用句型： It is probable that … 3. possible 表示客观上有可能，但也许实际的可能性并不大。常用句型: ①It is possible that … ②It is possible (for sb.) to do sth. ③as soon as possible ①Come as soon as possible. 尽可能快来。

②It is probable that he has forgotten our appointment. 很可能他是忘了我们的约会了。 ③It is possible that he went. 他可能是走了。

④He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel.

他说在英吉利海峡的中心处建造一个站台将是可能的。 [即景活用]

①---I advise you to learn a second language. ---Me?_____! I’m too slow.

A. Not likely B. No problem C. Not possible D. Surely

②I think he is ____ to win, but I am not sure. A. possible B. likely C. impossible D. certain [自我校对] ①A②B

6. In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads! 但是总的说来，在当今文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的风俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。 in general大体上，一般说来 The class are, in general, very bright. 总的说来, 这个班级的学生都很聪明。 [用法拓展] in短语： in all总计，总共 in public公开地 in secret秘密地 in fun开玩笑 in a hurry匆忙地 in all directions往各个方向 in a word/short/brief 总而言之/简言之 in this way/manner 以这种方式 in return做某事作为报答 in response to对?做出反应 ①There are fifteen books on the first shelf, twenty-one on the second, that makes thirty-six in all.

书架的第一层有15本书, 第二层有21本, 总共是36本。

②I almost bumped into a man who was entering in a hurry.

我差点撞着一个匆忙往里走的人。

③To begin with, I'd like to tell in brief the importance of the work.

首先, 我想简要谈谈这项工作的重要性。 ④She laughed in response to his jokes. 他的话引起她大笑。 [即景活用]

____, most teenagers now listen to rock music. However, John likes classical music better. A. In a word B. In general C. In time D. In total [自我校对]B

7. The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile – its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.最普遍使用的面部表情当然是微笑——其作用是表示快乐和安人心静。 at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 It seemed he was not at all at ease. 他好像十分不安。 [用法拓展] with ease 轻易地，毫不费力地 feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松 put / set sb at one’s ease 使某人轻松/松弛 take one’s ease 休息；轻松一下 ill at ease（因不安而）心神不定 ①The policemen tried every possible means to put the missing child at ease.

警察们尽力使迷路的孩子放松下来。 ②Don’t overwork yourself and take your ease. 不要过度劳累，休息一会儿。

③The girl answered all the questions with great ease. 那女孩非常轻松地回答了所有问题。

④The car traveled smoothly up the hillside, taking the bends with ease.

小汽车轻松地转过一个个弯道，平稳地沿山路朝上驶去。 [即景活用]

He sat back on the chair, listening to the MP4 and ____.

A. looking at ease B. looked at ease C. being looked at D. to look a ease [自我校对]A

8.There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses faces” and smiles to hide it.还有不愉快的微笑，比如当某人“丢了面子”就会用微笑来掩饰。 lose face丢脸

He doesn’t want to back down and risk losing face. 他不想打退堂鼓，怕丢脸。 [用法拓展] be lost in = lose oneself in全神贯注于; 沉湎于 lose one's way迷路 lose courage失去勇气 lose heart泄气；灰心 lose one’s life丧失；遇害 lose sight of看不见?? lose touch with sb.失去和某人的联系

lose weight减肥 ①I soon lost myself in the excitement of the film. 影片中的刺激情节很快就把我吸引住了。 ②We wouldn't lose courage even if we should fail again.

即使再次失败我们也不会泄气。

③I'll never lose heart even if I should fail ten times. 即使失败十次，我也不灰心。

④We must not lose sight of our achievements. 应该看到我们的成绩。

⑤No one whom Mr. Smith has taught seems ever to lose touch with him.

史密斯先生教过的人至今似乎没谁与他失去联系。 ⑥Why don't you give up sweets to lose weight? 你为什么不放弃吃甜食来减少体重呢？ [即景活用] 完成句子：

He was afraid of failure because he _____with his colleagues.（他害怕失败，因为他不想在同事面前丢脸。）

[自我校对]didn’t want to lose face

【语法讲练】

[语法精析] 现在分词作状语

现在分词可作状语，表示原因、时间、方式、伴随情况、结果或条件等。 1. 相当于原因状语从句。

Being ill (=As she was ill), she didn’t go to school today.

由于她今天病了，所以今天没去上学。 Seeing nobody at home, I decided to come again. 看到没人在家，我决定再来一趟。

Not knowing her telephone number, I couldn’t ring her up.

由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法给她打电话。 [特别提醒]

如果现在分词表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，就要用完成形式。 Not having received (= As I had not received) an answer, I wrote to him again.

因为没有收到回信，我又给他写了一封。 2. 相当于when 等引导的从句。

Hearing the good news (= When he heard the good news), he jumped with joy.

听到这个好消息，他高兴得跳了起来。

Walking in the street (=While I was walking in the street ), I saw a friend of mine.

当我在街上走时，遇见了我的一个朋友。 Opening the door, I found nobody in. 打开门后，我发现里面没有人。

如果分词短语所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，常在分词短语前加上when或while。 Be careful when crossing the street. 过街时要当心。 When going to school, I met Mary. 上学时我遇见了玛丽。

While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with Jack. 等火车时，我和杰克谈了很久。 [特别提醒]

如果分词所表示的动作完成后，谓语动词所表示的动作才发生，此时分词要用完成形式。 Having finished his work( = After he finished his work)，Henry went home. 亨利做完工作后就回家了。

Having come to a decision, we immediately set to work. 作出决定后，我们立即开始了工作。 3. 表示行为、方式、伴随情况或补充说明等。 He sat by the window reading books. 他坐在窗子旁边看书。

Laughing and talking, they went into the room. 他们又说又笑地走进了房间。 4. 表示结果。

Her mother died in 1969, leaving her with four younger brothers and sisters. 她母亲1969去世，抛下她和四个弟妹。

The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那个小孩摔了一跤，头被门磕破了。 5. 表示条件。

Turning to the right (= If you turn to the right), you will find the place you want. 往右转，你就会找到你要找的地方了。

Working hard, you will succeed. 努力工作，你就会成功。 [语法专练]

1. The comments the expert made _____ stock-market bothered him greatly, ______ him not fall asleep all night.

A. concerning, making

B. be concerned, which made

C. concerned, making D. to be concerning, made

解析：A此题考查非谓语动词。concerning prep. “关于（某人/某事）”；concerning the stock market关于股市；concerned“担心的；烦恼的；忧虑的”。

snow，二者之间是主动关系；再就是sweep动作在前，make动作在后，所以用现在分词的一般式即可。

5. The young man, ______ several attempts to beat the world record in high jumping, decided to have 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，若分词和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，则用现在分词，若是被动关系，则用过去分词。在此题中，make的逻辑主语是comments，二者之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。句意：专家对股市的评论让他很不安，这使得他整晚没有睡着觉。

2. _________, we decided to go for an outing. A. Weather permitting B. The weather being so fine

C. Had weather permitted

D. If the weather is clear

解析：B 此题考查独立主格结构。当两个句子之间无连词，且又前后主语不一致的时候，要把其中一个改为主语+非谓语动词的形式，这种形式叫独立主格结构。A项weather permitting =If weather permits, 和decide的时态不一致，故不正确；C项是虚拟语气的表达形式，而此题是陈述语气，所以不正确；D项与主句的时态不一致，所以错误；B项The weather being so fine = The weather was so fine，和题意一致。

3. _______ the film so many times, I don’t need to see or hear it _______ what is happening now on the screen.

A. Seeing; knowing B. Having seen; to know C. To have seen; to know

D. To see; knowing

解析：B 此题考查非谓语动词。句意：因为我已看过这部电影许多次了，所以我不看不听也知道现在屏幕上演到哪儿了。由句意可知，see这个动作早在句子谓语动词之前完成，所以要用having done的形式才能表示出这种时间先后关系，故用排除法只有B项正确。

4. The heavy snow swept across many parts of China, _________ many people’s family reunion at the 2008 Spring Festival impossible.

A. made B. making C. to make D. having made 解析：B此题考查非谓语动词。句意：大雪横扫了中国的大部分地区，这使得许多家庭无法在2008年春节的时候团聚。make的逻辑主语是the heavy

another try.

A. to make B. making C. made D. having made

解析：D此题考查非谓语动词。句意：这位年轻人，曾几次尝试打破世界跳高纪录，这次决定再试一次。man和make之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词作状语，又因为make several attempts这个动作早在decide之前发生，所以用现在分词的完成式做时间状语。

6. A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, ______ an increase in production. A. resulted in B. to result in

C. result in

D. resulting in

解析：D此题考查的是现在分词做结果状语。不定式和现在分词都可以做结果状语，但不定式表示意想不到的结果，而现在分词表示意料之中的结果。从国外引进了大量的新机器一定能提高产量，这是预料之中的事，所以用现在分词。

7. There will be 21,880 persons for the torch relay of the 2008 Olympic Games, it the biggest in the Games’ history. A. making B. make C. to make

D. made

解析：A此题考查非谓语动词。前面句子所说的内容和make之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。句意：2008北京奥运会将有21880火炬手，这是奥运史上最大的一次。

8. The return of snow and freezing weather in the south blocked about 14,000 km of roads, ________ more than 12,000 passengers on Sunday alone. A. to delay B. delaying C. having delayed

D. delayed

解析：B 此题考查非谓语动词。句意：南方的大雪及冰冷天气的再次出现使大约14000公里的公路受阻，仅仅是星期天一天就有12000多名乘客因此而耽搁了行程。前面整个句子所描述的内容是delay的逻辑主语，二者之间是主动关系，只能用现在分词作状语，delay这个动作又是后发生的，所以排除了C项。

9. _____ from media reports, the result has been unclear.

A．To judge B．Having judged C．Judging D．Judged

解析：C此题考查非谓语动词。在英语中，有一些常用的惯用语：gradually speaking “一般说来”；strictly speaking“严格地说”； frankly speaking “坦白地说”；judging from“由??看来，根据??判断”； seeing that“既然”； concerning“关于”； 的形式，所以可以把主语和be动词省去，只保留连词和分词。故只有B项正确。

[思路导航]对省略部分要掌握好几个方面：对句子成分的省略；对不定式符号to的省略；特殊句型的省略；定语从句中关系代词的省略；状语从句中的省略，尤其是对状语从句的省略，考生要特别重视，这是重中之重。

[典例3] （2008福建高考，22） ______ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had considering“以??而论”，这些惯用语表达形式都是固定的，不能改成其它的表达形式。句意：根据媒体的报道判断，结果还不明朗。

10. The CNSA released the first picture of the moon captured by Chang’e-1 on Nov. 26 __________ the full success of the lunar probe project. A. having marked B. marking C. to mark D. marked

解析：B.此题考查非谓语动词。句意：11月26号CNSA发布了嫦娥一号拍摄的第一张月球照片，这标志着月球探索工程的成功。mark的逻辑主语是前面整个句子，二者之间是主动关系，且mark动作在后，所以B项正确。 【高考链接】

[典例1] （2007海南、宁夏、全国高考I，25）---The last one _____________ pays the meal. ---Agreed!

A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving

[典例精析]C 句意：---最后到的人付饭钱。---同意！题干选项应在句中作定语，修饰The last one，当序数词或由序数词所修饰的名词后带定语时，此定语应由不定式充当，所以A、B、D均被排除。 [思路导航]对动词不定式作定语的一些特殊用法要记牢，这是熟练应对该项目的基本法则。 [典例2] （2007海南、宁夏、全国高考I，28）We all know that,_____ , the situation will get worse. A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with

[典例精析]B 句意：我们都知道，如果不认真处理的话，形式会更糟。此题考查省略现象。该状语从句完整结构应为if the situation is not carefully dealt with，因为主从句主语一致，从句中又是be+分词

left the cheque in the car.

A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited

[典例精析]C 句意：排队等了半个小时之后，那个老人忽然意识到他把支票忘在车上了。由句意可知，此处需要用现在分词作时间状语。A项waiting是现在分词的一般式，所表示的动作往往和主句谓语动词动作同时发生；C项having waited所表示的动作往往已经发生或先于主句谓语动词发生的。由题意可知，C项正确。

[思路导航]解答非谓语动词的题目时，一定要搜索句子中相关的时间信息，然后确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。

[典例4] （2008天津高考，4）_____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.

A. To throw B. Throw C. Throwing D. Being thrown

[典例精析]C 句意：获胜一方的粉丝们把帽子高高地抛向空中，发出胜利的欢呼声。句子主语the fans 与throw之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，故排除BD两项； to throw表目的或将来，不符合本句要求，故排除，只有符合本句要求throwing。

[思路导航]对动词不定式和分词作状语时的区别要记牢，这样才容易做出正确的选择。

[典例5] （2008辽宁高考，27）He was busy writing a story, only _____ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.

A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped

[典例精析]B 句意：他忙着编故事，偶尔停下来吸支烟。此题易错选A。但only to do 表结果，而根据题意可知，此处表伴随，且stop几乎与was busy同时发生，故用B；而having stopped表此动作先于主句谓语动作，与题意明显不符。

[思路导航]做题时，一定要审好题，千万不要主观臆断或者犯经验主义，因为这样容易把该得的分数丢掉。 【知能演练】 I.语法和词汇知识

1. At the meeting they discussed three different ____ 是对地球上生物是如何产生的感到好奇。 6. By the end of 2007, about half a million people had flooded into the city, _______ up around 10 percent of its total population.

A. make B. made C. making D. to be made 解析：C 句意： 到2007年年底，大约50万人涌to the study of mathematics.

A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways 解析：A 句意：在会议上他们讨论了学数学的不同的方法。approaches后面常接介词to；其他三项常接介词of；way后除了接介词of外，也可以接动词不定式。

2. _______ money, it remains to be seen whether we can put the idea into practice. A. Lacking B. Lacked C. To lack D. Having lacked

解析：A 句意：由于缺钱，我们能否把这个想法付诸实施还有待观察。lacking money是分词短语作状语。

3. ___________ on the MSN, some people often use '88' for 'good-bye'.

A. When chat B. When chatting C. When chatted D. When to chat

解析：B此题考查省略。在when, while, if, unless, even if等引导的状语从句中，若主从句主语一致，从句中又是主语+be+分词的形式或者是it + be + 形容词的形式，这时可以把从句中的主语和be动词省略，只要连词和分词或者形容词。此题若补充完整则为：when people are chatting on the MSN。句意：当人们在MSN上聊天时，经常用“88”代替“再见”。

4. _______ from media reports, the result has been unclear.

A. To judge B. Having judged C. Judging D. Judged

解析：C 句意：从媒体报道来看，此项结果一直很模糊。judging from (从??判断)为悬垂分词，无论与句子主语是主动关系，还是被动关系，judge 都只能用-ing 形式。

5. People have always been curious how living things on the earth exactly began. A. in B. at C. of D. about

解析：D curious常与介词about搭配，构成be curious about，意为“对??感到好奇”。表示人们总

入该市，占总人口的10%。设空处前没有并列连词，因此排除AB两项；主句主语与make up 存在逻辑上的主动关系，故选C 。

7. Julia, if you hurry up, I think it quite _____ that you will catch the next train. A. probably B. certainly C. likely D. possibly

解析：C 考查形容词、副词辨析。probably adv.“大概，或许”；certainly adv.“当然“；likely adj.“可能的，有希望的”adv.“很可能”；possibly adv.“可能地，也许”。根据句式结构，空白处应该填一个形容词作宾语补足语，故选C项。

8. Don’t ________. You will _________ new customs and different ways of thinking. A. lose your heart; apply to B. lost heart; apply yourself to C. lose your heart; adapt to D. lose heart; adapt yourself to

解析： D 此题考查动词的固定搭配。lose heart“灰心”是固定搭配；adapt yourself to“使你自己适应??”。

9. The tsunami which happened in the Indian Ocean in 2004 _____ thousands of people homeless A．caused B．let C．remained

D．left

解析：D 空格后的结构是“宾语+宾语补足语”形式，只有leave符合这个用法，表示“让??处于??状态”。

10. She was the first in our class _______ the mold: instead of getting a job in education, she decided to become an accountant. A. to break

B. breaking

C. broke

D. broken

解析： A 此题考查非谓语做定语的用法。由题干可以判断出填入的部分与the mold 一起在句中作定语修饰the first。the + 序数词（+名词）的后面，多用不定式做定语。句意：她是我们班里第一个打破常规的人：没有去当教师，而是决定成为一名会

计师。

C. starving and exhausting

11. Jane went off to the party with her husband, D. starving and exhausted

_____a happy evening of wine, food and songs. A. expected B. expecting C. to expect

D. expects

解析：B此题考查非谓语动词。分词作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语。Jane和expect之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。句意：Jane和她丈夫一起去参加了晚会，期望度过一个愉快的有酒、食物和歌曲的晚上。

12. On Saturday evenings guests are entertained in the garden, weather_________.

A. permits B. permit C. permitting D. permitted

解析：C此题考查非谓语动词。两个句子之间有逗号隔开时，它们之间存在下列几种情况：1）两个句子之间有有并列连词，2）两个句子之间有有从属连词，3）两个句子之间无连词，其中一个句子用非谓语动词的形式来表达。此题属于第三种情况，两个句子之间无连词且主语不一致，其中一个用独立主格结构的形式来表达，作条件状语。句意：如果天气允许的话，客人们通常星期六晚上在花园里娱乐。

13. Have you heard of it? Firefighters rushed into a burning house, three of them unfortunately ______ in the house and ______ their lives. A. caught; losing B. catching; lost

C. caught; lost

D. catching; losing

解析：A 此题考查非谓语动词。若两个句子之间有逗号隔开且无连词时，必须把其中一个用非谓语动词的形式来表达，此题可以有三种表达方式：①but three of them were unfortunately caught in the house and lost their lives; ② three of whom were unfortunately caught in the house and lost their lives. ③ three of them unfortunately caught in the house and losing their lives. 第三种是独立主格结构的表达方式，其中three of them和catch之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词caught；lose和three of them之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。

14. Two weeks later, ____, the family reached Cincinnati, where they made contact with the members of the Underground Railroad. A. starved and exhausted B. starved and exhausting

解析：D此题考查非谓语动词。starve挨饿，用作 不及物动词，和family之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语；exhaust使……非常疲倦，多用作被动语态。

15. Not all the people living in this village eat rice, ___ have meals in the same way. A. neither they do B. nor do they C. either do they D. either they do

解析：B not…nor…“既不??也不??”，nor位于句首时，它所在的句子要用倒装语序。故只有B项正确。 II.句子翻译

1. 约翰工作疏忽，在老板面前丢了脸。(lose face ) John's careless work made him lose face with his employer.

2. 他成名后对自己家里的人连理都不理。(turn one’s back to)

He turned his back to his family when he became famous.

3. 预计他们在竞选中能够轻易获胜。(ease) They are expected to win the election with ease. 4. 总的说来，他的作品不错，不过这篇文章糟透了。（in general）

In general, his work has been good, but this essay is

dreadful.

5. 外交部长代表该国出席大会。(represent) The Foreign Minister represented the country at the conference. III. 完形填空

We have completed our first month of preschool. Matthew seems to 1 it. He is catching on to the routine (常规)quite nicely. I didn’t leave him there 2 much the first couple weeks. I am finding if I’m not there he behaves much better.

In this class a little German boy, who does not speak 3 , cried all the time at first and now cries occasionally.

The Monday of the second week the little fellow just cried and cried. He was sitting 4 Matthew. I thought Matthew was going to start 5 and join in. I stood by and watched, ready for the rescue. Matthew kept turning around and 6 the boy,

Then he reached his hand back and 7 him on the leg. He was comforting the boy! Later Matthew was playing with a 8 and the boy with blocks (积木). Actually he was just standing by and crying. Matthew drove his truck over to the blocks, 9 it, picked up a few of the blocks and started handing them to 10 . They then together started 11 towers on the table and the little boy 12 crying. It seemed 13 Matthew knew what the little guy 11. A. adding B. climbing C. building D. putting

12. A. continued B. enjoyed C. began D. stopped

13. A. where B. as C. when D. as if

14. A. signs B. starts C. teaches D. learns

15. A. brothers B. children needed. Here was the little guy, who can’t speak English, and Matthew, who 14 playing together, like they were best 15 .

One of the days when I stayed, they were at lunch and Matthew was 16 at the table. I pulled up a chair to sit next to him. He smiled, then grabbed his book bag and took off running 17 the cafeteria. I took off after him. When we reached the wall he wall he just giggled (咯咯笑),turned around and looked at me. I leaned down to his 18 to blame him for leaving his seat and running. He suddenly 19 a big wet kiss right on my lips and smiled at me. All I could do was to take his hand and 20 him back to his seat. Then I turned my back and couldn’t help laughing.

1. A. escape B. hate C. enjoy D. avoid

2. A. out B. in C. off D. alone

3. A. Spanish B. English C. Chinese D. Japanese

4. A. behind B. beside C. in front of D. far from

5. A. over again B. any moment C. even harder D. loudly

6. A. beating B. shouting at C. looking at D. learning from 7. A. helped B. hit C. held D. patted

8. A. toy B. doll C. held D. train

9. A. parked B. repaired C. broke D. threw

10. A. me B. the teacher C. himself D. the little boy

C. friends D. people

16. A. standing B. running C. sitting D. jumping

17. A. across B. into C. out of D. through

18. A. table B. level C. hand D. back

19. A. planted B. received C. made D. had

20. A. force B. walk C. push D. drive

1. C 由下一句，他对常规理解得很好，看出他对学前班生活是喜欢(enjoy)的。

2. D 由下一句，我不在时他表现得很好，看出开始时我并没有让他独自呆着。

3. B 从第三自然段最后一句who can’t speak English可知选B项。

4. A 第6个空前Matthew kept turning around(回头)，看出小男孩坐在Matthew后面，应选A项(behind)。 5. B 文章意思是作者担心Matthew也会突然开始加入小男孩（和他一起哭），该空在加入(join in)之前Matthew并没有哭，排除C、D两项，文中并没有提及Matthew哭过，排除A项。

6. C 后文中看出Matthew在安慰小男孩，此刻他注视着(looking at)小男孩或许正在想办法。A、B、D三项与文题不符。

7. D Matthew伸出手用手背轻轻拍打小男孩的腿，pat“轻拍，抚摸”；hit“打，打击”。

8. C 下文Matthew开着小卡车，看出应选C项。 9. A Matthew驾驶着他的小卡车，驶过积木，停下车，捡起几块积木，又开始载着它们驶向小男孩。 10. D 由后文中They then together看出Matthew是想通过小卡车把积木运给小男孩。

11. C 积木运到后，他们一起开始堆塔楼(build towers)。

12. D 从后文可知小男孩被Matthew的游戏吸引，停止了哭泣。

13. D 正是因为Matthew和小男孩玩的游戏，才使得这个一直都在哭的小男孩停止了哭泣，所以说这看起来就像(as if) Matthew知道小男孩需要什么。 14. A 由于两个人的语言不通，所以需要通过sign（做手势）来一起玩。

15. C 句意为：就像他们是最好的朋友(best friends)。

16. C 下文我搬了把椅子挨着他坐(sit)，看出Matthew是坐在桌前的。

17. A 因为当时正在吃午饭，本来就在餐厅，排除B项。Matthew跑过(run across)餐厅，下文中可看出他是到了墙下，并没有跑出餐厅，排除C项。D项中through不与run搭配。

18. B 我弯下身子到了他的高度(level)来批评他。 19. A planted a big wet kiss right on my lips“热情地吻了我”。

20. B 从全文看出作者是很喜爱Matthew，及最后情不自禁的举动也可以看出，该空处应该是举着他的手，走回他的位置，A、C、D三项动作太过粗暴。

12. D 从后文可知小男孩被Matthew的游戏吸引，停止了哭泣。

13. D 正是因为Matthew和小男孩玩的游戏，才使得这个一直都在哭的小男孩停止了哭泣，所以说这看起来就像(as if) Matthew知道小男孩需要什么。 14. A 由于两个人的语言不通，所以需要通过sign（做手势）来一起玩。

15. C 句意为：就像他们是最好的朋友(best friends)。

16. C 下文我搬了把椅子挨着他坐(sit)，看出Matthew是坐在桌前的。

17. A 因为当时正在吃午饭，本来就在餐厅，排除B项。Matthew跑过(run across)餐厅，下文中可看出他是到了墙下，并没有跑出餐厅，排除C项。D项中through不与run搭配。

18. B 我弯下身子到了他的高度(level)来批评他。 19. A planted a big wet kiss right on my lips“热情地吻了我”。

20. B 从全文看出作者是很喜爱Matthew，及最后情不自禁的举动也可以看出，该空处应该是举着他的手，走回他的位置，A、C、D三项动作太过粗暴。

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