浅谈重庆中考英语短文填空作题技巧

浅谈重庆中考英语短文填空作题技巧

很荣幸有此机会与大家坐在一起交流英语中考总复习。众所周知， 一年一度的中考既是对初中学生的水平测试，也是一次极有竞争性的选拔考试。因此，如何指导学生科学、得法、高效地复习好学过的知识，关系到学生在中考中能否取得良好的成绩，这也是本学期我们初三年级积极备战，迎接中考的核心工作。“两考合一”考试改革不仅加强了对英语基础知识的考查，更突出了对运用知识的能力的考查。我们根据近两年中考试题新特点，短文填空是近年来重庆英语中考采用的新压轴题型，分值为20分，今年改为16分。该题是把一篇文章的关键词语挖空，让学生根据短文内容填出正确的词语。此类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词的一种考查形式。要完成好这类题，做到事半功倍，需要掌握一定的方法与技巧。

1．统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。

2．根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。

3．利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。

4. 复读全文，验证答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来.下面我就2010年、2011年重庆市中考英语试题作一简要分析：（2010、2011年）

2011年重庆中考短文填空. 根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。

Tang Ling often smoked cigarettes(香烟) in his school’s washing room. He started

smoking 76 the age of 14. One day he learnt that the NBA star Yao Ming, an ambassador(大使) to the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control (中国控烟协会), asked people not to smoke. Yao Ming was Tang’s favorite star, 77 his words meant a lot to him. He decided to 78 up smoking.

According to the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control, about 350 million Chinese smoke. Among 79 , 50 million are teenagers. Sun Jiangping of Beijing University said, “ Teenagers can get cigarettes 80 , especially when their parents smoke or shops 81 cigarettes to them. It’s very important 82 parents to help their children stop smoking.” A 15-year-old boy named Li Kun from Beijing said his 83 didn’t smoke. Because they thought smoking could make people feel badly ill, they only allowed him to play with friends without smoking. Living in such a good family helped Li say 84 to cigarettes. Some of his

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smoking classmates once told Li that smoking made boys look 85 , but Li disagreed. He said, “Smoking is unhealthy and it’s not cool at all. Please stop smoking now!” 词类 变化 例词 83. parents /family 名词（2分） 名词单复数的变化 动词(6分) 时态、语态、非谓语动词、固定搭配 78. give 81. sell /offer84.( say ) no (to) 形容词、副词(4分) 三级变化、形容词副词的相互转化、80. easily 85. cool /good /nice 形容词变名词 79. them /those 代词（2分） 主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词 数词 基数词和序数词之间变化、分数等 76. at 82. for 77. so /and 介词(4分) 符合上下文逻辑、固定搭配等 连词(2分) 符合上下文逻辑、固定搭配等 冠词

2011年重庆中考短文填空.

a/an、the Now students’ English handwriting（书法）gets worse and worse. That makes their teachers feel worried. Is your English handwriting beautiful? If 76 , here are four steps that really work!

Use paper with lines

Using paper with lines can keep you writing straight 77 of up or down when you write English words or sentences. Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size. Be sure to 78 the lined space completely. And make sure those capital letters(大写字母) are written properly.

Slow down

If your writing is hard to read, try slowing down a little. For some kids, going slower makes the handwriting clear. If you write too 79 , it’s hard for you to stop where you should, and even worse, you may make more 80 .

Hold your pencil right

When you hold your pencil the correct way, writing is much 81 . Some kids press down really hard when they write. That makes the handwriting not nice. Try to be relaxed and don’t hold the pencil so hard. Let your writing appear nice and clean. If you do so, people will guess you are a student 82 a good habit.

Draw more pictures

Drawing can improve your handwriting. You need to use the skills to control(控制) your pencil better 83 you are drawing pictures. Even though you have no chance to draw at school, you can practice by 84 at home.

Handwriting is very important. Imagine you are a world-famous movie star or a well-known sports player, what do you do when your 85 run up to you? Give them your autographs(亲笔签名), of course!

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词类 变化 例词 80. mistake→mistakes. 85. fan→fans 78. fill / use 79. fast/quickly 81. easier/nicer/better 84. you→yourself 77.instead ( of )，82. with 76.( If ) not， when/ while /as 名词（4分） 名词单复数的变化 动词( 2分) 时态、语态、非谓语动词、固定搭配 形容词、副词(4分) 三级变化、形容词副词的相互转化、形容词变名词 反身代词 数词 基数词和序数词之间变化、分数等 代词（2分） 主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或介词( 4分) 符合上下文逻辑、固定搭配等 连词( 4分) 符合上下文逻辑、固定搭配等 冠词 a/an、the 为了方便记忆，试着编一些顺口溜，帮助学生记忆，如： 空格前后要注意，名词单复要牢记，还有s不能弃。 动词注意要变形，形副注意三级跳。 要填数词请留意，千万别忘基和序。 填入代词需慎重，五格变化要谨记。

通过对2010和2011年重庆英语中考试题中短文填空的分析，我觉得我们在复习备考中应注意：

1.让学生复习并掌握《考纲》上列出的词汇，计划每天记忆一定量的单词（大约50个）。 2.尽可能的在语境中使用词汇，注意相关词的变化。 3.强化语篇，训练阅读，注重阅读能力的培养。

总之，要做好短文填空离不开坚实的语法、词汇知识和较强的语篇领悟能力。以上这些仅供老师们参考，谢谢。

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