最全的职称英语历年真题及答案

2011年职称英语等级考试真题及答案理工类（A级）111111

第1部分：词汇选项（第1—1 5题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. The sea turtle‘s natural habitat has been considerably reduced.

A. suddenly

B. generally

C. slightly

D. greatly

2. Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do.

A. doubting

B. thinking

C. saying

D. knowing

3. I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.

A. instructing

B. pushing.

C. notifying

D. inviting

4. He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.

A. maintained

B. recommended

C. considered

D. acknowledged

5. The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.

A. caused

B. ignored

C. organized

D. received

6. A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.

A. reported

B. praised

C. proved

D. caught

7. At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.

A. give

B. attach

C. lose

D. understand

8. Forester stared at his car，trembling with rage.

A. turning

B. jumping

C. shaking

D. shouting

9. It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.

A. handle

B. raise

C. pose

D. experience

10. Jane said that she couldn‘t tolerate the long hours.

A. spend

B. stand

C. take

D. last

11. The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.

A. relative

B. continuous

C. general

D. sharp

12. I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.

A. afraid

B. anxious

C. sure

D. sad

13. She always finds fault with everything.

A. simplifies

B. evaluates

C. criticizes

D. examines

14. At 80，Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.

A. happy

B. alone

C. busy

D. energetic

15. For some obscure reason，the simple game is becoming very popular.

A. obvious

B. major

C. unclear

D. minor

第二部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Earth Rocks On

Most of the time, the ground feels solid beneath our feet.That's comforting. But it's also misleading because there's actually a lot going on underground. Masses of land (called plates) slip, slide, and bump against each other, slowly changing the shape of continents and oceans over millions and billions of years.

Scientists know that Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago. They also know that our planet was hot at first. As it cooled, its outermost layer, called the crust, eventually formed moving plates. Exactly when this shift happened, however, is an open question.

Now, an international group of researchers has an answer. They've found new evidence suggesting that Earth's crust started shifting at least 3.8 billion years ago. The new estimate is 1.3 billion years earlier than previous ones.

Not long before 3.8 billion years ago, lots of asteroids were pummeling Earth, keeping its crust in a hot, molten state. After the hard crust formed, much of it sank at various times into the planet's hot insides. There, it melted before returning to the surface as lava.

In some places, however, the crust never sank. One of the oldest such places is in Greenland, in an area called the Isua supracrustal(上地壳) belt. The rocky crust there is between 3.7 and 3.8 billion years old. The belt was once part of the seafloor, but now it is exposed to air.

The researchers recently look at the Isua supracrustal belt. They noticed long, parallel cracks in the rock that have been filled in with a type of volcanic rock.

To explain this structure, the scientists propose that tension in the crust caused the seafloor to crack open long ago. Hot, liquid rock, called magma(岩浆), flowed up slowly from deep inside Earth to fill the cracks. Finally, the area cooled, forming what we see today.

That explanation, plus chemical clues inside the rock, suggests that the Isua supracrustal belt was once part of a plate under tne ocean, beginning around 3.8 billion years ago.

16. The ground beneath our feet is indeed still.

A.right

B. wrong

C. not mention

17.The shape of lands and oceans are slowly changed with the movements of plates.

A.right

B. wrong

C. not mention

18. Earth cooled down shortly after it was formed.

A.right

B. wrong

C. not mention

19.Scientists once estimated that Earth‘s crust started shifting three billion years ago.

A.right

B. wrong

C. not mention

20.It took a long time for the melted crust to become hard.

A. right

B. wrong

C. not mention

21.The formation of the Isua supracrustal belt is thought to have started about 3.8 billion years ago.

A.right

B. wrong

C. not mention

22. The lsua supracrustal belt is now a popular holiday resort.

A.right

B. wrong

C. not mention

第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

The iPad

1. The iPad is a tablet computer（平板电脑）designed, developed and marketed by Apple. It is particularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual media such as books, periodicals(期刊), movies, music, and games, as well as web content. At about 1.5 pounds (680grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.

2．The iPad runs the same operating system as the iPod Touch and iPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for iPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.

3. Like iPhone and iPod Touch, the iPad is controlled by a multitouch display—a break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus（触控笔）. The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse（浏览）the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data networks. The device is managed and synchronized（同步）by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable.

4. An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of iPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options. one of the most common uses is for e-mails services. iPad applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts.

5. While the iPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users. Some companies are adopting iPads in their business offices by distributing or making available iPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams, and managers approving employee requests. A survey by Frost Sullivan shows that iPad usage in office workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.

23. Paragraph 2 ____

24. Paragraph 3 ____

25. Paragraph 4 ____

26. Paragraph 5 ____

A. Business Usage.

B. Display and Data Connection.

C. Feature and Application.

D. Difference from iPhone.

E. Operating System.

F. Online Stores.

27. In April 2010 the iPad developed by Apple was_____

28. The iPad will only run programs approved by Apple if not _____

29. iPad applications enable the owner's email accounts to be _____

30. iPad uses in offices enable employee productivity to be ____

A. browsed

B. personalized

C. distributed

D. increased

E. released

F. modified

第四部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

Calculating Crime

When you think about math, you probably don't think about breaking the law, solving mysteries or finding criminals. But a mathematician in Maryland does, and he has come up with mathematical tools to help police find criminals.

People who solve crimes look for patterns that might reveal （揭示）the identity of the criminal. It's long been believed, for example, that criminals will break the law closer to where they live, simply because it's easier to get around in their own neighborhood. If police see a pattern of robberies in a certain area, they may look for a suspect who lives near the crime scenes. So, the farther away from the area a crime takes place, the less likely it is that the same criminal did it.

But Mike O'Leary, a mathematician at Towson University in Maryland, says that this kind of approach may be too simple. He says that police may get better clues to the location of a criminal's home base by combining these patterns with a city's layout （布局）and historical crime records.

The records of past crimes contain geographical information and can reveal easy targets - that is, the kind of stores that might be less difficult to rob. Because these stores are along roads, the locations of past crimes contain

information about where major streets and intersections are. O'Leary is writing a new computer program that will quickly provide this kind of information for a given city. His program also includes information about the people who live in the city, and information about how a criminal's patterns change with age. It's been shown, for example, that the younger the criminal, the closer to home the crime.

Other computer programmers have worked on similar software, but

O'Leary's uses more math. The mathematician plans to make his computer program available, free of charge, to police departments around the country.

The program is just one way to use math to fight crime. O'Leary says that criminology - the study of crime and criminals - contains a lot of good math problems. "I feel like I'm in a gold mine and I'm the only one who knows what gold looks like," he says. "It's a lot of fun."

31. Which of the following statements about math is true?

A. It is too difficult for the police to use in finding criminals.

B. Few people associate it with finding criminals.

C. Some criminals make use of it when committing crimes.

D. it has long been employed in solving crimes.

32. People tend to think there is a relationship between

A. the time of a crime and the age of the criminal.

B. the type of a crime and the identity of the criminal.

C. the pattern of a crime and the equipment of the criminal.

D. the location of a crime and the residence of the criminal.

33. O‘Leary includes all the following information in writing his program EXCEPT

A. the records of past crimes.

B. the locations of police bureaus.

C. the people living in the city.

D. the change of a criminal‘s patterns with age.

34. O‘Leary‘s program is different from other similar software in that

A. it is inexpensive.

B. it is more user-friendly.

C. it uses more math.

D. it is available all over the world.

35. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that O‘Leary

A. will develop programs for other governmental departments.

B. is going to use math in looking for gold.

C. thinks it‘s interesting to learn math.

D. will further use math in studying crimes and criminals.

第二篇

Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others

Low-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others, according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences1 food scientist. The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat.

Those conclusions are important because recent, well-publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food2 have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others3, pointed out John Hayes, assistant professor of food science, who was lead investigator? on the study.

Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are Working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat. This study increases understanding of salt preference and consumption.

The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks5. Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ranging in age from 20 to 40 years. The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes. They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale, ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind.

"Most of us like the taste of salt. However, some individuals eat more salt, both because they like the taste of saltiness more, and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food," said Hayes. "Supertasters, people who experience tastes more tensely, consume more salt than nontasters do. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, and at least for these foods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more. "

However, supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese, Hayes noted. "For example, cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented, milk, but also bitter tastes

from ripening that are blocked by salt," he said. "A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronounced6.

Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee, showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste certain chemicals. As a result, Hayes explained, we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists, and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color.

"Some people, called supertasters, describe bitter compounds as being extremely bitter, while others, called nontasters, find these same bitter compounds to be tasteless or only weary bitter," he said. "Response to bitter compounds is one of many ways to identify biological differences in food preference because supertasting7 is not limited to bitterness.

36. John Hayes pointed out that __________.

A. food with less salt tastes better.

B. many people make efforts to accept low-salt food.

C. many people never eat low-salt food.

D. it is good to health to eat food without salt.

37. The fourth paragraph briefly describes______?

A. how the subjects were selected and what they were asked to do.

B. why the number of subjects was limited to 87.

C. why more male subjects were chosen than female ones.

D. how salty foods were made and distributed to the subjects in the research.

38. It is true that ________.

A. nontasters like to share salty cheese with supertasters.

B. nontasters consume more salt because they like intense tastes.

C. supertasters like the taste of saltiness to block sweet tastes in food.

D. supertasters like snack foods more as they contain higher levels of saltiness.

39. Supertasters prefer high-salt cheese because ________.

A. it is good to health.

B. it is rich in nutrition.

C. it has intense bitter tastes.

D. it tastes less bitter.

40. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that taste acuity is ________.

A. identified with certain chemicals.

B. developed over time after birth.

C. related to one‘s eye and hair color.

D. genetically determined.

第三篇

Cell phone: Hang up or Keep Talking

Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication-having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected

The explosion around the world in mobile phone use has some health professional worried... Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones.. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue... Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas.. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad ...for health

On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment.. In one case a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son.. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years (i)

family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree...

What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation.. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.

As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often.. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone when you really need it.. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says that they are bad for health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often.

41. People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that

A. they‘re popular.

B. they‘re useful.

C. they‘re cheap.

D. they‘re convenient.

42. The word "detected" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by

A. cured.

B. removed.

C. discovered.

D. caused.

43. The salesman retired young because

A. he couldn‘t remember simple tasks.

B. he disliked using mobile phones.

C. he was tired of talking on his mobile phone.

D. his employer‘s doctor persuaded him to.

44. On the safety issue of mobile phones，the manufacturing companies

A. deny the existence of mobile phone radiation.

B. develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation.

C. hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about.

D. try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health.

45. The writer‘s purpose of writing this article is to advise people

A. to use mobile phones less often.

B. to buy mobile phones.

C. to update regular phones.

D. to stop using mobile phones.

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

Mt. Desert Island

The coast of the State of Maine is one of the most irregular in the world. A straight line running from the southernmost coastal city to the northernmost coastal city would measure about 225 miles. If you followed the coastline between these points, you would travel more than ten times as far. This irregularity is the result of what is called a drowned coastline.______ (46). At that time, the whole area that is now Maine was part of a mountain range that towered above the sea. As the glacier(冰川)descended, however, it expended enormous force on those mountain, and they sank into the sea.

As the mountain sank, ocean water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining land, forming a series of twisting inlets and lagoons(咸水湖). The highest parts of the former mountain range, nearest the shore., remained as the island. ______ (47) Marine fossils found here were 225 feet above sea level, indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier.

The 2500-miles-long rocky coastline of Maine keeps watch over nearly two thousand island. Many of these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are home to thriving communities. Mt. Desert Island is one of the largest., most beautiful of the Maine coast islands. Measuring 16 miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was essentially formed as two distinct islands. ______ (48).

For years, Mt. Desert land, particularly its major settlement, Bar Harbor, afforded summer homes for the wealthy, Recently though, Bar Harbor has become a rapidly growing arts community as well. But, the best part of the island is the unspoiled forest land known as Acadia National Park. Because the island sits on the boundary line between the temperate (温带) and sub-Arctic zones, the island supports the plants and animals of both zones as well as beach, inland, and alpine(高山的) plants,_______(49) The establishment of Acadia National Park in 1916 means that this natural reserve will be perpetually available to all people, not just the wealthy. Visitors to Acadia may receive nature instruction from the park naturalists as well as enjoy camping, cycling, and boating. Or they may choose to spend time at the archeological museum, learning about the Stone Age inhabitants of the island.

The best view on Mt. Desert land is from the top of Cadillac

Mountain._______(50)From the summit, you can gaze back toward the mainland or out over the Atlantic Ocean and contemplate the beauty created by a retreating .

A.The term comes from the activity of the ice age.

B. It also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting sport for many birds.

C. This mountain rises 1,532 feet, making it the highest mountain on the Atlantic seaboard.

D. The wealthy residents of Mt. Desert Island selfishly kept it to themselves.

E. It is spilt almost in half by Some Sound, a deep and narrow stretch of water, seven miles long.

F. Mt. Desert Island is one of the most famous of all the island left behind by the glacier.

第6部分：完形填空（第52～65题，每题1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores

Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more likely to go on to university, reveals a major new study __51__ at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The study _52___ 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyses the __53__ of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.

The study shows a clear link _54__ good physical fitnes and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for _55__ thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a _56__ in the results for the IQ test, and not strength. ―Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung _57__ and that your brain gets plenty of oxygen.‖ says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. ―This may be one of the reasons why we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular _58__. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.‖

By analyzing data for twins, the researchers have been _59__ to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that _60__ the link between fitness and a higher IQ.

―We have also shown that those youngsters who _61__ their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,‖ says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. ―This being the case, physical education is a _62___ that has an important place in schools, and is an absolute must _63___ we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.‖

The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests during national service _64___ the socio-economic status of the men later in life. Those who were fit at 18 were more _65___ to go into higher education, and many secured more qualified jobs.

51.A. put B. carried C. cut D. taken

52.A. kept B. involved C. found D. helped

53.A. answers B. questions C. standards D. results

54.A. among B. behind C. between D. inside

55.A. imaginary B. typical C. positive D. logical

56.A. game B. place C. role D. trick

57.A. shape B. capacity C. disease D. treatment

58.A. exercise B. training C. movement D. strength

59.A. able B. clever C. clear D. lucky

60.A. expect B. explain C. connect D. classify

61.A. improve B. prefer C. ignore D. determine

62.A. rule B. test C. subject D. score

63.A. if B. until C. though D. so

64.A. with B. from C. of D. at

65.A. likable B. unlike C. likely D. alike

2011年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析(理工类A级)

第1部分：词汇选项

1. D.greatly

2. C saying--- remarking 说话，说出

3. B. pushing-- urge催促某人做某事push推；促进；逼迫

4. A. maintained – assert 主张、声称、断言

其他选项分析：Maintain：维修；主张；供养Recommend：推荐Considere：考虑Acknowledge：承认致谢

5. A. caused----provoke: 激怒.惹起.驱使，造成

6. B. praised ---hail: 招呼.致敬.万岁.向...欢呼.

7. D. understand--- grasp 理解，明白

8. C. shaking – tremble 颤抖颤动

9. A. handle—approach

approach：start to deal with (a situation or problem) in a certain way解决问题。

10. B. stand= tolerate 忍受、承受

11. B. continuous – steady . 稳定的；其他选项：A relative相当的、相关的B general一般的D sharp 尖锐的

12. A. afraid---- scared 害怕.恐惧

13. C. criticizes--- finds fault with 挑错，批评

14. D. energetic---vigorous 精力充沛的有活力的

15. C. unclear--- obscure.模糊不清晰的

第2部分：阅读判断

16．B 题意：我们脚下的大地确实是静止的。

根据第1段的第1句：―……在我们脚下，大地让人感觉是静止的。‖第3句：―但是这也是一种误导，因为在地下实际土发生着大量变化。‖可判断错误，应选B项。

17．A 随着板块的运动，大陆和海洋的形状也随之在慢慢改变。

根据第1段的倒数第2行：―……慢慢地改变着大陆和海洋的形状……。‖可判断正确，选A项。

18．C 题意：在地球形成之后很快就冷却下来了。

根据第2段的第1句：―地球大约是在45亿年前形成的。‖第3句：―随着它的冷却，它的最外层(被称作地壳)……。‖可判断没有提及(快、慢)，选C项。

19．B 题意：科学家们曾估计，地壳是在30亿年前开始移动的。

根据第3段的第2句：―……地壳至少在38亿年前开始移动‖。第3句：―这一新的估计要比先前估计的早13亿年(注：看来先前的估计应是25亿年前)。‖可判断(30亿年前)错误，应选B项。

20．C 题意：熔化的地壳变硬花了很长时间。

根据第4段的第2行：―……使地壳处于炽热、熔化状态。‖―在地壳变硬之后，其大部分……下沉至……。‖可判断没提花费时间长、短，应选C项。

21．A 上地壳带的形成被认为始于大约38亿年前。

根据全文最后1句：―……上地壳带大约38亿年前曾是海洋下板块的一部分。‖可判断正确，选A项。

22．C，目前，上地壳带是一个受欢迎的度假胜地。

关键词：The lsua supracrustal belt(上地壳带)；a popular holiday resort(受欢迎的度假胜地)在全文中可找到―上地壳带‖，却找不到―度假胜地‖，以此判断选C项。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子23．E 根据第2段的第1句：―The iPad的操作系统与iPod Touch和iPhone的相同。‖可判断F项―操作系统‖正确。

24．B 根据第3段的第1句：―……，the iPad是由多次触击显示控制的……。‖第2句：―The iPad利用无线数据连接……。‖可判断B项―显示和数据连接‖正确。

25．C 根据第4段的第1句：―iPad具有不同的特点和应用程序……。‖可判断C项―特点和应用程序‖正确。

26．A 根据第5段的第1句：―……，一些行业人员也在使用。‖可判断A项―行业使用‖正确。

27．E 题意：2010年4月，由苹果公司研发的iPad__________。根据第1段的最后1句，很明显应接E项。

28．F 题意：如果不__________，iPad只能运行苹果公司批准的应用程序。根据第2段的最后1句，很明显应选F项。

29．B 题意：使用iPad可以__________用户的电子邮件帐户。根据第4段的最后1句，很明显应选B项。

30．D 题意：办公室内使用iPad能够使雇员的生产效率__________。根据最后1段的最后1句，很明显应选D项。

第4部分：阅读理解第一篇

31．B 根据第1段的1—2行：―当你想到数学时，你可能不会联想起犯法，解开谜团或发现罪犯。‖可判断应选B项。

32．D 根据第2段的2—3行：―举例来说，长期以来人们普遍认为，罪犯经常是在更加靠近他们居住的地方犯法，只是因为在他们自己熟知的地方更容易逃跑。‖可判断应选D 项。

33．B A项在4段1行；C项在4段6行；D项在4段7行。以此可判断应选B项。

34．C 根据第5段的第1行：―其他计算机编程者一直在类似的软件上下功夫，但

O‘Leary的程序利用了更多的数学原理。‖可判断应选C项。

35．D 根据最后1段的第1句：―该项程序只是利用数学来对抗犯罪的一种方法。‖或第2句：―O‘Leary说，犯罪学—是研究犯罪和罪犯的一门学科—包含了大量有益的数学问题。‖可判断应选D项。

第二篇

第二篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt like Others(选自考试用书)

36．B 根据第2段的2—3行：―该研究负责人，约翰?海斯指出，……许多人努力去接受适合他人而不适合自己口味的食物。‖可判断应选B项。

37．A 根据第4段的第1句：―该研究包括87名经过仔细筛选的参与者，他们在几周的不同时间品尝了汤和薯条等含盐食物。‖可判断应选A项。

38．D 根据第5段的最后1句：―快餐食品的主要味道就是咸味，而且咸度越高、味道越好，所以口味超重的人更喜欢快餐。‖可判断应选D项。

39．D 根据第6段的1—2行：―海斯还提到，口味超重的人还需要盐来遮盖奶酪等食物中讨厌的苦味。‖可判断应选D项。

40．D 根据全文的最后2行：―……每个人的味觉敏度是不同的，这一差异和头发眼睛颜色的差异一样正常。‖可判断应选D项。

第三篇

41．C 在第1段的第2行查到A项；在最后1段的第3行查到B项和D项，可判断C项正确。

42．C 带引号词detected的词义是―发觉，发现‖。A项治疗；B项移动；C项发现；D项引起，故选C项。

43. A 根据第3段的第4行：―一个很年轻的流动推销员因严重的记忆丧失不得不离职。‖可判断A项正确。

44．C 根据第4段的最后1句：―手机公司认为，手机的确有辐射，但辐射量很小无需担忧‖可判断C项正确。

45．A 根据最后1段的第1句：―随着有关安全问题讨论的继续，似乎最好更少地使用手机。‖最后1句：―因此，就目前而言，最聪明的做法是少用手机。‖可判断A项正确。

第5部分：补全短文

46．A 空白处(46)的前一句：―这种不规则是所谓的?被海水淹没的海岸线‘的结果。‖ 故选A。

47．F 空白处(47)的前一句：―以前山脉离海岸最近的最高部分，便成为岛。‖很明显F项应该补入(47)。

48．E 空白处(48)的前一句：―芒特迪瑟特岛长16英里、宽12英里，实际上它是由两个不同的岛组成的。‖很明显E项应补入(48)。

49．B 空白处(49)所在段落的第2行和倒数第3行都出现了―wealthy‖一词，以此判断B项应该补入(49)。

50．C 空白处(50)的前一句：―从卡迪拉克山顶眺望可将芒特迪瑟特岛上的最美景色尽收眼底。‖很明显C项应该补入(50)。

第6部分完形填空Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores（来自理工类教材）

51. B) carried 52. B) invovled 53. D) results 54. C) between

55. D) logical 56. C) role 57. B) capacity 58. D) strength

59. A) able 60. B) explain 61. A) improve 62. C) subject 63. A) if 64. A) with 65. C) likely

2010年全国职称英语考试真题及答案理工类（A级）

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1．I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer，it'S driving me mad．

A．tolerate B．generate C．reduce D．mensure

2．Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone．

A．equal B．immediate C．moderate D．great

3．He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school．

A．bright B．unclear C．general D．bad

4．I want to provide my boys with a decent education．

A．special B．private C．general D．good

5．Sleep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people．

A．picture B．danger C．evidence D．case

6．Our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil．

A．doubt B．relief C．failure D．confusion

7．Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment．

A．love B．surprise C．anger D．doubt

8．Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day．

A．energetic B．free C．physical D．regular

9．I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues．

A．boring B．original C．humorous D．long

10．Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth．

A．attract B．spend C．encourage D．require

11．He demolished my argument in minutes．

A．supported B．disproved C．disputed D．accepted

12．The two banks have announced plans to merge next year．

A．close B．sell C．break D．combine

13．Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners．

A．polite B．usual C．bad D．similar

14．The project required ten years of diligent research．

A．hardworking B．social C．basic D．scientific

15．He was kept in appalling conditions in prison．

A．necessary B．terrible C．critical D．normal

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

California Gives Green Light to Space Solar Power

Energy beamed down from space is one step closer to reality，now that California has given the green light to an agreement that would see the Pacific Gas and Electric Company buy 200 megawatt (兆瓦)of power beamed down from solar-power satellites beginning in 2016．But some major chal lenges will have to be overcomed if the technology is to be used widely．

A start-up company called Solaren is designing the satellites，which it says will use radio waves to beam energy down to a receiving station on Earth．

The attraction of collecting solar power in space is the almost uninterrupted sunshine available in eosynchronous(与地球同步的)orbit．Earth-based solar cells，by contrast，can only collect sun．

Light during daytime and when skies are clear．

But space-based solar power must grapple(努力克服)with the high cost per kilogram of launching things into space，says Richard Schwartz of Purdue University in West Lafayette，Indiana，"If you're talking about it being economically viable or power of the Earth，it's a tough go．"he says.

Cal Boerman，Solaren's director of energy services，says the company designed its satellites with a view to keeping launch costs down．"We knew we had to come up with a different，revolu-tionary design，"he says．A patent the company has won describes ways to reduce the system'Sweight，including using

inflatable minors to focus sunlight on solar cells，so a smaller number cancollect the same amount of energy．

But using minors introduces other chaHenges，including keeping the solar cells from overhea-ting，says Schwartz．"You have to take care of heat dissipation(散发)because you're now concen-trating a lot of energy in one place，"he says．According to the company's patent，Solaren's solarcells will be connected to radiators to help keep them cool．

Though Boerman says the company believes it can make space-based solar power work，it is notexpecting to crowd out other forms of renewable energy．Laws in California and other states requireincreasing use of renewable energy in coming years，he points out．"To meet those needs，we're go-ing to need all types of renewable energy sources，"he says．

16．Solar-power satellites will use radio waves to beam energy down from space．

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

17．Solaren is going to design 200 solar-power satellites．

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

18．Space-based solar cells could collect solar power only when skies are clear．

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

19．One advantage of space-based solar power system is that it is economical．

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

20．Inflatable minors are used to reduce the space-based solar power system．

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

21．Space-based solar power will rule out other forms of renewable energy sources．

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

22．Many countries will grant permission for the use of spaced-based solar power soon．

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题；

(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Natural Gas

1 Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surface．It is a fossil fuel

(矿物质燃料)，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of yearsago．The main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷)．

2 The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as pipeline infrastructure(基础设施)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial customers worldwide．Today，natural gas serviceis available in all 50 states in the U．S．，and is the leading energy choice for fueling Americanhomes and idustries。More than 65 million American homes use natural gas．In fact，natural gas isthe most economical source for home energy needs，costing one-third as much as electricity．In addi-tion to heating homes，much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to

manu-facture a wide variety of products，from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for heahhcare，con-puting and furnishings．Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants．

3 Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available．It emits less pollution than oth-er fossil fuel sources．When natural gas is burned，it produces mostly carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) and water vapor-the same substances emitted when humans exhale．Compared with some other fos-sil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted(燃烧)，making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of a11．

4 The United States consumes about one-third of the world'S natural gas output，making it the largest gas-consuming region in the world．The U．S．Department of Energy'S Energy Information Ad-ministration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025．

5 There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth's surface．The largest reserves of natural gas can be found in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle East．LNG(液化天然气)has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades．

Today，the leading importes of LNG are Japan，Korea，France and Spain．23．Paragraph 2_________．

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