英语语法大攻克--中考复习从句的分类及特点 - 图文

Guangzhou XueDa Personalized Education Development Center

广州学大个性化教育发展中心

个 性 化 辅 导 教 案 授课时间：2009-2-10 年级：初三 课时：2小时 课题：专题复习 教学目标 难点重点 备课时间：2009-2-9 学生姓名： 教师： 专题复习，构建知识网 从句的分类及特点 复合句 概念 概念： 主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。常见的复合句有：A.名词性从句B.形容词性从句(定语从句)C.状语从句 名词性从句 名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功同名词一样。 一．主语从句 What part does the underlined part serve as in each sentence? A tree has fallen across the road. You are a student. To find your way can be a problem. Smoking is bad for you. “How do you do?” is a greeting. What she said is not yet known. That we shall be late is certain. We can see from these sentences that a sentence serves as subject, so we call it Subject Clause. 主语从句（Noun Clauses as the Subject） 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词有：连词that, whether；连接代词who, what和which；连接副词when, where, how和why。 1) 由what等代词引起的主语从句： What the teacher said today was quite right. 老师今天说的话是十分正确的。 2) 由连词that引起的主语从句： That they are badly in need of help is quite clear. 他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。 但是这类句子在大多数情况下会放到整个句子的后部去，而用代词it作形式主语。 3) 由连接代词或连接副词以及whether引起的主语从句。 Whether they will sell the house is not yet decided.他们是否卖掉这所房子还没有决定。 4) whatever, whoever也可引导主语从句。 Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。 Whoever makes mistakes must correct them. 凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。 注意: 上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首, 但有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如: It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了这样一个错误, 真是遗憾。 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: １

主语从句

Guangzhou XueDa Personalized Education Development Center

1) It is + adj. / n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is possible that... 很可能…… It is unlikely that... 不可能…… 2) It +不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that... 似乎…… It happened that... 碰巧…… 3) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that...据信……;人们相信…… It is suggested that... 有人建议…… It must be pointed out that...必须指出…… It has been proved that... 已证明……. 如: It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed. 据信, 至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉。 广州学大个性化教育发展中心

宾语从句 二．宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 1.作动词的宾语 (1)由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略），例如： I heard that be joined the army. (2)由what, whether (if)引导的宾语从句，例如：1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3)动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2.作介词的宾语例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3.作形容词的宾语例如：I am afraid (that) I've made a mistake. That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。 4. It 可以作为形式宾语 It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如： We heard it that she would get married next month.. 5.后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, admire, dislike, love, help等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。 例如：I admire their winning the match.(right) I admire that they won the match.(wrong) 6.否定的转移若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：I don't think this dress fits you well.（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。） ２

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