plc自动剪切机 - 图文

PLC在木板自动剪切机中的应用

届 电气工程 系 专 业 自动化 学 号 学生姓名 指导教师

完成日期 年 月 日

摘 要

随着我国经济的持续高速增长和企业之间的竞争日益加剧和人力资源成本的上升，社会对各类板材的需求量不断增长，对板材加工的效率也提出了更高的要求。该设计对我国木板自动剪切机的重要性等方面进行了研究，探讨了木板自动剪切机智能控制系统的实现方案。根据实际需要和市场的需求，选择了以可编程控制器为主的控制方案。

本设计的木板自动剪切机，控制系统自动进行送料、压块压料、剪刀剪切等功能。系统可以自动剪切自动计数，并有数码管显示剪切数的功能，当计数器记满，报警器发出报警声同时计数器复位。剪切机循环进行生产，只有按下停止按钮剪切机才会停止工作。采用组态软件监控画面，可实现无人操作就可现场监控。系统自动循环剪切，由电动机提供动力。该控制系统具有结构简单、加工容易、维修方便、经济实用的优点。设计中，通过组态王界面控制设计，实现对整个机构运动过程的仿真。

本文主要采用了基于三菱FX2N系列的可编程控制器和亚控公司的组态软件组态王的木板自动剪切机控制系统的设计方案。编程时调用了编程软件FX2N中自带的数码管显示控制模块，使得程序更为简洁，运行速度更为理想。利用组态软件组态王设计人机界面，实现控制系统的实时监控、数据的实时采样与处理。

关键词： 可编程控制器 剪切机 光电开关 组态王

Abstract

With China's sustained economic growth, intensifying competition between enterprises and rising cost of human resource, the demand of society for all kind of plank is continuously growing and the efficiency also been put to higher request. This design studies the importance of Chinese board automatic cutting machine and analyses the implementation scheme of intelligence control system. According to the actual needs and the needs of the market, we chose programmable controller as the main control scheme.

The board automatic cutting machine of this design has Functions of automatic control for feeding, pressing block and makings, scissors shearing etc. The system can automatically shear and count, and display the shear number with a Nixie tube. When the counter, the alarm will ring and the counter reset. Shear machine product circularly and when press the stop button it will stop working. Using configuration software to monitor screen, it can realize site monitoring without people operating. The system automatically and circularly shears powered by electric motors. This control system has advantages of simple structure, easy processing, and convenient maintenance. It’s economical and practical. The design realizes the simulation of mechanism motion process through the control of Kingview interface.

The paper mainly bases on design scheme of FX2N series Mitsubishi programmable controller and Asiacontrol’s configuration software configuration king board automatic shear machine control module of programming software FX2N, which makes the process more concise and the running speed more ideal. Using configuration software configuration king design human-machine interface, we realize the real-time monitoring and real-time data sampling and processing.

Key word: PLC Alligator shear Photoelectric switch Configuration king

目 录

第1章 绪论 ····································································································································· 1 1.1 课题研究的目的意义 ············································································································· 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ····················································································································· 2 1.2.1 国内研究现状 ·················································································································· 2 1.2.2 国外研究现状 ·················································································································· 2 1.3 课题研究内容及创新点 ········································································································· 3 1.3.1 主要研究内容 ·················································································································· 3 1.3.2 主要创新点 ······················································································································ 3 第2章 PLC和组态王简介 ·············································································································· 4 2.1 可编程控制器介绍 ················································································································· 4 2.1.1 可编程控制器的概述 ······································································································ 4 2.1.2 可编程控制器的基本结构 ······························································································· 4 2.1.3 可编程控制器的特点及应用 ··························································································· 5 2.2 PLC控制系统设计的基本原则和步骤 ·················································································· 6 2.2.1 PLC控制系统设计的基本原则 ······················································································· 7 2.2.2 PLC控制系统设计的一般步骤 ······················································································· 7 2.3 组态王的基础 ························································································································ 9 2.3.1 组态软件概述 ·················································································································· 9 2.3.2 组态王的特点················································································································10 2.3.3 组态软件在国内外的发展 ···························································································10 2.3.4 组态王的使用 ···············································································································12 第3章 基于PLC的木板自动剪切机系统硬件的设计 ··································································14 3.1 系统原理框图 ·······················································································································14 3.2 主电路接线图 ·······················································································································14 3.3 PLC的端子接线图 ················································································································15 3.4 木板自动剪切机PLC的I/O分配表 ·····················································································16 3.5 PLC的选型 ···························································································································17 3.6 硬件配置 ·······························································································································18 3.6.1 光电开关 ························································································································18 3.6.2 电机选型 ························································································································20 3.6.3 其他设备选型 ·················································································································20 3.6.4 主要电气元件目录表 ·····································································································23 第4章 基于PLC的木板自动剪切机系统软件的设计 ··································································24 4.1 PLC程序设计方法 ················································································································24

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4.1.1 图解法编程 ···················································································································24 4.1.2 经验法编程 ···················································································································24 4.1.3 计算机辅助设计编程 ···································································································25 4.2 编程软件FX2N的介绍 ········································································································25 4.2.1 FX系列介绍 ···················································································································25 4.2.2 FX2N系列介绍 ··············································································································25 4.3 控制程序流程图 ····················································································································25 4.4 梯形图分段设计 ····················································································································27 4.4.1 启动及木料右移 ·············································································································27 4.4.2 压块与剪刀下移 ·············································································································27 4.4.3 压块与剪刀上移 ·············································································································27 4.4.4 计数功能 ························································································································28 4.4.5 报警功能 ························································································································29 4.5 指令表 ···································································································································29 4.6 系统的调试 ···························································································································29 第5章 组态王软件监控设计 ·········································································································31 5.1 新建工程 ·······························································································································31 5.2 设备定义 ·······························································································································32 5.3 变量定义 ································································································ 错误！未定义书签。 5.4 画面绘制 ·······························································································································33 5.5 动画连接及程序编写 ············································································································34 5.5.1 动画连接 ························································································································34 5.5.2 程序编写 ························································································· 错误！未定义书签。 5.6 配置系统 ·······························································································································35 5.7 运行与调试 ···························································································································36

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