英语字母发音相关说明

英语音标发音规则

一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音

a

在开音节中

[ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中

[æ] bag dad hat map black back

e

在开音节中

[i:] he these me Chinese

在闭音节中

[e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i

在开音节中

[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中

[i] fish big drink sit milk swim

o

在开音节中

[ u] those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中

[ ] clock not box shop sock

u

在开音节中

[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中

[ ]bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super

二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

a

[ ] China another woman breakfast

[i] orange comrade village cabbage

e

[ ] hundred student open weekend

[ :] nerve serve term

[i] chicken pocket begin children

i

[i] holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

o

[ ] second tonight somebody welcome

[ u] also zero photo

u

[ ] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue

三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

a在[w]音后面

[ ] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前

[a:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前

[ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前

[ u] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前

[ ] come monkey love mother

四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

ar

ar在[w]音后面

[a:] car farm dark sharpener

[ :] warm quarter towards

or

or在[w]音后面

[ :] forty morning short

[ :] word worker worse

er ir ur

[ :] certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

are

[ ] care dare hare

ere

[i ] here mere

ire

[ai ] fire hire wire

ore

[ :] more score before

ure

[ju ] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音,例如:picture pleasure

重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.

例如:parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.

例如:orange very American paragraph

六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音

ai/ay

[ei] afraid rain wait day play

air

[ai ] air hair chair pair repair

al在f m前

[ ] small ball talk wall all

[ :l] always also salt almost bald

[a:] half calm

au/aw

[ :] autumn daughter draw

ea

[i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

[ei] break great

ear

[i ] hear dear near clear year

[ε ] bear pear wear

[ :] earth learn early

ee

[i:] jeep week green three

eer

[i ] pioneer deer beer

ei/ey

[ei] eight neighbour they

[i:] either key

eu/ew在j l r s后

[ju:] new few newspaper

[u:] flew brew

ie/ei在[s]音之后

[i:] piece field receive

oa

[ u] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor

[ :] roar board door floor

oi/oy

[ i] noise point boy toilet

oo

[u:] broom food tooth school

[u] book look cook foot good

ou/ow

[au] flower house count down

[ u] know row throw though

[ ] young country enough

[u:] group you soup

our

[ :] course your four

[au ] our hour ours

[ :] journey

ui

在j l r s后

[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition

[u:] juice fruit suit

七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

ai/ay ei/ey

[i] Sunday foreign monkey

ow

[ u] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i].

例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion

[∫n] impression nation

-sion在元音字母后

[ n] vision decision occasion

-tion在s后

[t∫ n] question suggestion

-sten

[sn] listen

-stle

[sl] whistle

-sure

[ ] pleasure measure

-ture

[t∫ ] picture culture

八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.

例如:

everyday[ei]

handbag[æ]

blackboard[ :]

有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.

例如:

sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天

holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日

break中断 + fast[a:]斋戒 > breakfast[ ] 早餐

cup茶杯 + board木板[ :] > cupboard[ ] 碗柜

九,辅字组的读音

b

[b] bike bus bag

[/] bomb tomb

c

c在e前或在i/y前

[k] cake picture coat music

[s] face decide cinema

ch

[t∫] much chick rich teacher

[k] school headache chemistry

[∫] machine

-ck

[k] cock pocket black knock

d

[d] doctor bread hand day

-dge

[d ] bridge fridge

dr-

[dr] children driver drink

f

[f] five four breakfast

g

g在e i/y前

[g] bag gardon go

[d ] orange large German gh

[f] cough enough

[/] light daughter high gu- -gue

gu在非重读音节中

[g] guess league dialogue

[gw] language anguish h

[h] hot head house hand

[/] hour honest

j

[d ] jeep jar joke join July k

[k] kind bike skate make week kn-

[n] knife know knock l

[l] life milk school tall m

[m] monkey come autumn -mn

[m] autumn column n

n在[k] [g]音前

[n] not shine ten note

[ ] uncle thank hungry -ng

[ ] morning young wrong p

[p] paper plane pig ship pen ph

[f] elephant photo telephone q

[k] Iraq

qu-

[kw] quality quite

r

[r] red rubber ruler

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