英汉翻译完整版

更新时间:2024-02-27 22:17:01 阅读量: 综合文库 文档下载

说明:文章内容仅供预览,部分内容可能不全。下载后的文档,内容与下面显示的完全一致。下载之前请确认下面内容是否您想要的,是否完整无缺。

Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.

Literal Translation means word-for-word translation. It takes sentences as its basic units and the whole text into consideration at the same time in the course of translation. It strives to reproduce both the ideological content and the style of the entire literary work and retain as much as possible the figures of speech.

Liberal Translationis also called Free Translation. It is a supplementary means to mainly convey the meaning and spirit of the original without trying to reproduce its sentence pattern or figures of speech.

Foreignization: If the translator’s preference is placed on preserving the language and cultural differences of the Source Text, we call this kind of approaches or its translation foreignizing or foreignization.

Domestication: the method or practice of adapting the translation to the norms and values of the Target Language and culture is called domesticating or domestication.

Conversion is a word-formation whereby a word of a certain class is shifted into a word class of another without the addition of affix.

Omission is to omit some words which are not translated in targeted text, or to delete those dispensable, seem burdensome words while remain keeping world?s original meanings.

Amplification means supplying necessary words in our translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original.

Cohesion refers to the relations of meanings exist within the text.

Coherence can be thought of as how meanings and sequences of ideas relate to each other.

Text refers to anypassage, spoken or written, of whatever length, to form a unified whole.

Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts,moral, law, customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society

In a narrow sense, context refers to the words, phrases and sentences in which a word is used. This is what is known as linguistic context, which may be a paragraph, a whole chapter and even an entire book.

Style is the essential characteristic of every piece of writing, the outcome of the writer’s personality and his emotions at the moment, and no single paragraph can be put together without revealing in some degree the nature of its author.

Tytler’s three translation criteria

? A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original

work.

? The style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that

of the original.

? The translation should have all the ease of the original composition.

Contrast between Chinese and English

? Subject—prominent vs Topic--prominent ? Hypotaxis vs Parataxis ? Tree vs Bamboo

? Statics vs Dynamics ? Passive vs Active

Semantic translation:where the translator attemps,within the bare syntactic and semantic constraints of the translation,to produce the precise contextual meaning of the original.

Communicative translation:where the translator attemps to produce the same effect on the Target Language readers as was produced by the original on the source language readers.

Formal equivalence:It focuses attention on the message itself, in both form and content. Such translations then would be concerned with such correspondences as poetry to poetry, sentence to sentence, and concept to concept.

dynamic equivalence:It is the \the original text has been so transported into the receptor language that the response of the receptor is essentially like that of the original receptors.

第二题

1. criteria p5

Tytler’s three translation criteria

? A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work.

? The style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original. ? The translation should have all the ease of the original composition.

2. culture difference values/customs/education values :

一:时间观念差异 Different idea of Time 1.美国是任务导向型民族

Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 2.以钟点计酬,讲究时间观念

3.When you visit to a friend's home,please arrive on time. Don't stay for a long time

1.中国人是感情导向型民族 We always put off the schedule e.g. ——Where is the report?

——It will be ready tomorrow.

2.智能劳作耗时与劳酬对称的变革错位,某些知识产品的公开发表、出版面世,必须自掏腰包。尽管完成一项科研成果,写出一部书稿常常需要以年计时,甚至耗去一辈子的时间,其回报多数竟为零或负值。

3.拜访某人时,不需要太准时,在约定时间前后半小时内即可。 If you have nothing to chat,it's time to say goodbye. 二:Self-concpet

In the western countriesIndividualism

Always use “I think?””I suppose?”

The movies in the US always made a hero which means the “individualistic heroism”

From the revolutions just like Renaissance and other movement,we could see the independent thought of the Americans.Pay less attention in the social hierarchy. Focus on self-worth development. In China Altruism

Always be modest.“谦虚使人进步,骄傲使人落后。” Collective consciousness

Society have traditionally been very hierarchical.

Be taught to sacrifice personal interest when face the chanllenges or any problems. Based on families.

三:The difference of view on friendship

Chinese except friendships to be more lasting.For chinese a true friendship endure throughout life changes.Chinses are fridends even if they haven’t spoken for 20 years.

In Western countries,even relationship in which people fell close and tell each other personal problem may not survive life changes.If people don't see each other regularly,the relationship is likely to die.

四: Business Negotiation

Agenda cannot be unified(议程无法统一)

Chinese negotiators tend to cross talks(横向谈判)

Several issues are discussed at the same time until negotiators solve all problems.

American negotiators tend to discuss in the longitudinal direction.(纵向谈判)

First discussing a question until the problem is solved, and then the next question will begin. Come to a deadlock(陷入僵局)

Chinese negotiators rarely directly refute the other side's views, but they express their views with euphemism (委婉的).

American negotiators strive to show their views directly, showing a strong attack. These differences will make it difficult to negotiate. Risk of failure(失败风险)

Chinese people pay attention to friendship, which may change the terms of the contract.

Americans pay great attention to the interests, the legal nature of the contract, and strictly carry out the contract.

These two kinds of attitude to the contract will make the performance of the contract become difficult.

education China Exam-oriented Education For example: In China, Parents usually prepare everything for us what we should do is to accept without any doubt which means respect . Chinese education focuses on the knowledgeto accumulate and indoctrinate, on how students use and manage the knowledge they learned in school , and on how to understand the knowledge system and structure. Test, score, parents America Quality-oriented Education For example: In the US, children are more independent . They know what to be at an early age, and plan carefully to achieve the goals. American care more about how students use knowledge in society. It lets student challenge the knowledge, animadvert ideas, and focus on, exploit or create knowledge. Interest, pursuit Teachers play roles as senior life counselor not a strict controller. Teachers are no longer authority, meanwhile students don't have to carry out every instruction from their teachers, most of them have their own thoughts, they may pose questions and challenges to teachers Education style Different focus On Learning In china, the relationship between teachers and students can be quite The relation formal . between We are taught since the first day when teachers and we go to the kindergarten that we students should sit up straight and obey all the disciplines . in class we seldom challenge the teacher’s ideas . University Chinese students will shoulder more In America, it is easy to enter college entrance examination stress from many aspects including parents and society, and they will spend much time to study in order to pass the university entrance exam. In China,the university student still think that it will be good if they pass the university but difficult to graduate, and in China , on the contrary . However American students deems that passing the exam is only the beginning of their study. Customs: The Marriage Custom

In our China the bride and bridegroom would in red because we believe the red color represents lucky and the wedding would be host in the bridegroom’s house.

In Western the bride always in her white wedding gown and their wedding will be host in a church

People’s association to animals are different.

“Dog”in Chinese is always a negative word, such as “狗崽子”“丧家犬”、“狗胆包天”,etc. . Nevertheless, dogs are people’s pets in western countries and there is no negative meaning. Such as: “Love me, love my dog. “top dog”、“lucky dog”“To help a lame dog over a stile.

龙:褒:祥瑞 龙子、龙孙、龙王、龙宫 英语中:贬:凶猛的怪兽 “the old Dragon (魔王 ) ” 、 “That old woman’ s a real dragon (那老妇人确实是个凶恶 的家伙 ) ” 牛 褒:九牛一毛 ,气壮如牛 ,风马牛不相及 ,俯首甘为孺子牛 英语:贬:粗鲁、 愚笨、 行为莽撞之意。如“a bull in a china shop (闯进瓷器店的公牛 ,意为动辄闯祸的人 ) ” 。 鼠 贬:胆小 胆小如鼠 英:褒:安静 as quiet as a mouse (安静如鼠 ) 鱼 与“余 ” 谐音 ,“鱼 ” 象征着“结余、 有余 ” ,如“年年有鱼 (余 ) ” 。 英:“a person of the stated kind (家伙 ,人 ) ”“a big fish (大人物 ) ” 、 “a cold fish (冷漠的 人 ) ”“ an odd/queer fish (怪人 ) ” 、“a poor fish (倒 霉的人 ) ”“ to drink like a fish (牛饮 ) ” 、 “neither fish nor fowl(不伦不类 ) ” “as mute as a fish (默不作 声 ) ” 3. language difference p11

1.Text style(散文文体,新闻文体等学过的几个) ? Jounalism translation:Features: ? ABC priciple ? accuracy ? brevity ? clarity

P161

Prose style clear natural, , and sentence length aredifferent, To give things spirit and have multi-purpose rhetorical metaphor, in particular.emphasizes the beauty of music.

散文文风清晰自然,优美洗练,句式长短相间,随物赋形,多用修辞特别是比喻,强调音乐美。

诗歌三美:音韵美形式美意象美 Beautiful rhyme aesthetic imagery

广告:P208

1. New words concise, has a tendency to modify rendering. 2. The multi-purpose use less in master-slave structure

3. The frequent use of interrogative sentences and imperative sentence 4. Using elliptical sentence 5. Rhetoric is rich and colorful

1.用词新颖凝练,有修饰渲染倾向。 2.多用并列句少用主从结构 3.频繁使用疑问句和祈使句 4.使用省略句

5.修辞手法丰富多彩

2.Language differences(平时要求每个组做的PPT的题目,如中英语言结构对比)

Contrast between Chinese and English

? Subject—prominent vs Topic—prominent

在句子构造中,汉语并不把主语看成必要的成分。汉语是主题显著(topic-prominent)的语言。 In the sentence structure, Chinese do not consider the subject as a necessary ingredient. Chinese is a language topic (topic - the prominent) significantly.

? Hypotaxis vs Parataxis

ENGLISH:Frequent and systematic use of inflected forms and conjunctions to express grammatical relationships.

CHINESE:relatively frequent use of function words,auxiliary verbs,and changes in words order to express syntactic relation,rather than inflected forms.Emphasis on logical and chronic relation.

? Tree vs Bamboo

英语的词组与词组、句子与句子之间结构关系和逻辑联系必须交代得十分清楚。英语的关系词(包括介词、关系代词、关系副词、连接词等)十分丰富,英语正是靠这些关系词的过渡和连接,从形态上来维系句内和句间的各种关系的。因此英语句子结构呈树状,往往有一主干(复合句中的主句或简单句中的某主要成分),主干上枝蔓横生:句子成分随时可加以修饰,而修饰语中的某成分又可被别的成分修饰。由此往往形成长句。

汉语句子结构呈竹节状,逐节(短语或小句)展开。汉语的句子可以在同一施事或主题语之下按逻辑顺序铺陈,虽然小句间有逗号隔开,但语句的联系仍是紧密的。

English phrases and phrases, sentences and sentences structure relations and the logic relation between must be stated very clear. The relationship between English words (including prepositions, pronouns, adverbs, conjunctions, etc.) is very rich, English is on the transition of the relationship between word and connection, up from form to sustain the various relationships between sentence and sentence. English sentence structure is a tree, therefore, often have a trunk (main clause in complex sentence or a major component of the simple sentence), the trunk tendrils that parts of the sentence can be modified at any time, and a component of modifiers can be other components. Thus tend to form long sentences.

Chinese sentence structure are bamboo-like, by section (phrase or clause). Chinese sentences can be in the same illocutionary or topic in logical order under the creeping, although there are commas between small clause, the statement of contact is still tight. ? Statics vs Dynamics

English (predicate verbs, or by other means means the action of natural tendency; And Chinese is a kind of verbs of inherent habits.

English can only use a qualified type verbs in each sentence (Finite verb), forms the only exception is a compound predicate verb. A large number of the original should use the verb to express the concept of in addition to express in the predicate verb, must use nouns, adjectives, adverbs, interfaces and state said the weak form of the verb (be, have and become, feel the get, grow, go,, do, etc.) and falsified verb (have a look, take a walk, pay a visit, do shopping, etc.) to represent the action meaning. This kind of use not only reduces the frequency of verb, and weaken the meaning expressed by the verb, the verb falsified and weakening, this makes the English expression of \

英语有一种少用(谓语)动词、或用其他手段表示动作意义的自然倾向;而汉语则有一种多用动词的固有习惯。

英语每个句子中只能使用一个限定式动词(Finite verb),唯一例外形式是并列句动词谓语。大量原来应该用动词表达的概念除了用非谓语动词表达外,必须借助于名词、介、形容词、副词以及表示状态的弱式动词(be, have, become, feel, get, grow, go, come ,do 等)和虚化动词(have a look, take a walk, pay a visit, do shopping等)来表示动作意义。这种使用不仅降低了动词出现的频率,而且削弱了动词所表达的意义,产生了动词的虚化和弱化,这就使得英语的表达呈现“静态”倾向。

(including the svo phrase, the main predicate verb in Chinese group, etc.) everywhere, not only do the predicate, can also do the subject.

One of the few Chinese prepositions, mostly has evolved from the ancient Chinese verbs, some also has the general characteristics of verbs, and belong to two categories, prepositions and verbs, so some grammarians called them \

汉语中的动词(包括动宾词组、主谓词组等)无处不在,不仅做谓语,也可以做主语. 汉语为数不多的介词,大都是从古代汉语动词演变而来的,有些还具备动词的一般特点,兼属于介词和动词两类,因此有些语法学家称它们为“半动词”、“副动词”.

Passive vs Active

Englishoften choose not action or inanimate words as the subject, as a result of these \sentences in English, don't have to emphasize the action to perform, it is placed in the end by by connection; Don't have to be clear, don't want to, or inconvenience action of visitors, just omit them.

Chinese said that the subject is often can execute actions or living objects, mostly in the form of active sentences.

英语重物称,常常选择不能施行动作或无生命的词语作主语,由于这些“无灵”物称充当主语,使得被动句大兴其道。在英语被动句里,不必强调动作的施行者,就将其置于句尾由by连接;不必、不愿或不便言明动作的施行者,就干脆将其省略。

汉语重人称,主语常常是能施行动作或有生命的物体,大都以主动句的形式出现。

Contrast between Chinese and English

? Subject—prominent vs Topic--prominent

在句子构造中,汉语并不把主语看成必要的成分。汉语是主题显著(topic-prominent)的语言。 ? Hypotaxis vs Parataxis

英语重形合是指英语语言符号之间有较强的逻辑关系;汉语重意合是指汉语句子主要通过字词的意义连结起来。

英语句法结构重形合,句中各成分的相互结合常用适当的连接词语,以表示其结构关系。 汉语句法结构重意合,句中各成分的相互结合多依靠语义的贯通,语境的映衬,少用连接词语。

? Tree vs Bamboo

英语的词组与词组、句子与句子之间结构关系和逻辑联系必须交代得十分清楚。英语的关系词(包括介词、关系代词、关系副词、连接词等)十分丰富,英语正是靠这些关系词的过渡和连接,从形态上来维系句内和句间的各种关系的。因此英语句子结构呈树状,往往有一主干(复合句中的主句或简单句中的某主要成分),主干上枝蔓横生:句子成分随时可加以修饰,而修饰语中的某成分又可被别的成分修饰。由此往往形成长句。

汉语句子结构呈竹节状,逐节(短语或小句)展开。汉语的句子可以在同一施事或主题语之下按逻辑顺序铺陈,虽然小句间有逗号隔开,但语句的联系仍是紧密的。 ? Statics vs Dynamics静态与动态

英语有一种少用(谓语)动词、或用其他手段表示动作意义的自然倾向;而汉语则有一种多用动词的固有习惯。

英语每个句子中只能使用一个限定式动词(Finite verb),唯一例外形式是并列句动词谓语。大量原来应该用动词表达的概念除了用非谓语动词表达外,必须借助于名词、介、形容词、副词以及表示状态的弱式动词(be, have, become, feel, get, grow, go, come ,do 等)和虚化动词(have a look, take a walk, pay a visit, do shopping等)来表示动作意义。这种使用不仅降低了动词出现的频率,而且削弱了动词所表达的意义,产生了动词的虚化和弱化,这就使得英语的表达呈现“静态”倾向。

而汉语中却存在着“连动式”和“兼语式”,如“他到了火车站发现火车已经开走了”,以及紧缩句,如“我们下雨也去”,有的句子几乎全句都是动词,如“打得赢就打,打不赢就走,

不怕没办法”。 汉语中的动词(包括动宾词组、主谓词组等)无处不在,不仅做谓语,也可以做主语,如“理论联系实际是我们党的优良传统”;做宾语,如“鲁迅主张打落水狗”;做定语,如“讨论的问题很重要”;做状语,如“一定要批判地继承我国的文学艺术遗产”和补语,如“小溪旁那些女人们听得笑起来了”。

汉语为数不多的介词,大都是从古代汉语动词演变而来的,有些还具备动词的一般特点,兼属于介词和动词两类,因此有些语法学家称它们为“半动词”、“副动词”,“汉语中的绝大多数的‘介词’,应该划归动词的范畴,只是入句时,表现了相当于英语介词的作用”,如“他在家”中的“在”为动词,而“他在家看书”中的“在”则为介词。

? Passive vs Active

英语重物称,常常选择不能施行动作或无生命的词语作主语,由于这些“无灵”物称充当主语,使得被动句大兴其道。在英语被动句里,不必强调动作的施行者,就将其置于句尾由by连接;不必、不愿或不便言明动作的施行者,就干脆将其省略。

汉语重人称,主语常常是能施行动作或有生命的物体,大都以主动句的形式出现。

4. style

Style is the essential characteristic of every piece of writing, the outcome of the writer’s personality and his emotions at the moment, and no single paragraph can be put together without revealing in some degree the nature of its author. Features of jounalistic writing ? ABC priciple ? accuracy ? brevity ? clarity

5. 不同文体的语言特点和翻译原则 散文:p161diversity flexibility grace 诗歌:p166 grace 广告 : p206 brief

新闻:p250.及时性,真实性,准确性

第三题 词汇翻译:

back:回来、支持、背脊

popular:受欢迎、大众化、一般、通俗

regular:一般、固定、定期、常常、均匀、正规、普通

delicate:娇嫩的、精致的、娇生惯养、奢侈的、虚弱的、容易吃坏的、容易碰碎的、微妙的、讲不大清楚的、难做的、对...有鉴赏力、灵敏的、生花妙笔、美味的

flattering:奉承的,谄媚的 flattered:有胆量的,勇敢的 fidgety:不安的,烦躁的

restless:焦躁不安、不安宁的、得不到满足的 as luck would have it:碰巧 真幸运 explosion:爆发,激增

ambitious:野心勃勃的、有雄心的、炫耀的

acquaintance:相识的人、熟人、对...有了解、知识心得 operation:操作、经营、手术、运算、作用 difficulty:困难、麻烦、异议、争论、拮据 kindness:仁慈、善行、友好的行为

fortune:命运、富有、幸运、给予财富、偶然发生

token:象征、记号;作为对某事的保证的、象征性的;预兆着 success:成功、成就、好结果、成功的人 construction:建筑物、建造、解释

suggestion:建议、意见、暗示、联想、启发

第四题 PPT原题

I had scarcely got into bed when a strain of music seemed to break forth in the air just below the window. I listened, and found it proceeded from a band, which I concluded to be the waits(圣诞街头乐队) from some neighboring village. They went round the house, playing under the windows. I drew aside the curtains to hear them more distinctly.

我刚要上床睡觉,一串乐声似乎就在窗下响起。我侧耳倾听,原来是一个乐队在吹拉弹奏,一定是邻村来的圣诞乐队。他们绕着屋子走,在窗下奏乐。我拉开窗帘以便听得更清楚些。

The moonbeams fell through the upper part of the casement, partially lighting up the antiquated apartment. The sounds, as they receded, became more soft and aerial, and seemed to accord with the quiet and moonlight. I listened and listened —they became more and more tender and remote, and, as, they gradually died away, my head sunk upon the pillow, and I fell asleep. 月光透过落地窗的上部,部分地照亮了这一古旧的房屋。随着乐声渐远,声音变得更加轻柔飘渺,与四周的宁静和月光相和谐一致。我听着听着——乐声越来越弱,越遥远,逐渐地消逝。我的头落在了枕头上,安然睡去。

She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and an innocent, diffident manner. Her eyes were large and patient, and in them dwelt such a shadow of distress as only those who have looked sympathetically into the countenances of the distraught and helpless poor know anything about.

那妇人生着一副绵软多肉的体格,一张坦率开诚的面容,一种天真羞怯的神气。一双大落落

的柔顺眼睛,里边隐藏着无穷的心事,只有那些对于凄惶无告的穷苦人面目作过同情观察的人才看得出来。

Through one violet-stained window a soft light glowed, where, no doubt, the organist loitered over the keys, making sure of his mastery of the coming Sabbath anthem.

一丝柔和的灯火从紫罗兰色的玻璃窗里透露出来。无疑,里面的风琴师为了给星期日唱赞美诗伴奏正在反复练习

Romance is the privilege of the rich, not the profession of the unemployed. The poor should be practical and prosaic.浪漫是有钱人的特权,而不是失业者的行当。穷人就应该讲求实际,平淡无奇。

It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.一个拥有大笔财富的单身汉必定是需要一位妻子的,这是条公认的真理。

There were flowers: delphiniums, sweet peas, bunches of lilac; and carnations, masses of carnations. There were roses; there were irises. Ah yes—so she breathed in the earthy garden sweet smell as she stood talking to Miss Pym who owed her help, and thought her kind, for kind she had been years ago; very kind, but she looked older, this year, turning her head from side to side among the irises and roses and nodding tufts of lilac with her eyes half closed, snuffing in, after the street uproar, the delicious scent, the exquisite coolness.

到处都是鲜花烂漫:翠雀花,香豌豆花,一束束丁香花;有康乃馨,许许多多的康乃馨。那儿有玫瑰;有蝴蝶花。哦,有许多花——因此当她站在那儿和皮姆小姐说话时,同时呼吸着带有泥土气息的花园的馨香。皮姆得到过她的帮助,认为她很和善亲切,她多年前很是和善亲切;非常和善亲切,但今年她显老了一些,她半闭着眼睛,头在蝴蝶花、玫瑰花和一丛丛上下摆动的丁香花间转来转去,在大街上的喧嚣之后尽情地闻吸这醉人的芳香,这沁人的清凉。

It’s the most romantic day of the year again, but for many people the cards they receive on February 14 are not from a Valentine, but from themselves. One in nine love letters or cards received on Valentine’s Day were sent by people to themselves “to save face on the ‘dreaded’ V-day,” according to a study announced by the British online retailer Amazon. co. uk on Thursday.

又到了一年中最浪漫的时刻,但是很多人在2月14日情人节这天收到的情人卡不是来自情人的,而是他们为自己寄出的。据英国网上零售商亚马逊公司在周四公布的一项调查,在情人节这天寄出的情书或情人卡中有九分之一都是担心自己在“可怕的”情人节这天收不到情人卡,为保全面子而给自己寄出的。

Amazon, which questioned more 1,000 people in Britain, France and Germany found that Germans were the least romantic, with 69 percent saying Valentine’s Day was unimportant, compared with 54 percent of Britons and 46 percent of French. The survey found that Germans were also the most likely to forget to give their partners a present while the French spent the most on their loved ones.

亚马逊公司对1000多名英国人、法国人和德国人进行了调查,发现德国人在这三个国家的

人中属于最不浪漫的。在调查中,有69%的德国人表示情人节对他们来说并不重要,相比之下,只有54%的英国人和46%的法国人有同样的想法。调查还发现德国人往往不记得给自己的爱人送礼物,而法国人则在为爱人买礼物上花的钱最多。

More than 50 million acres of farmland have been submerged and grain store damaged. Thousand of peasants have been shown on television trying to save their grain by loading sacks into boats or trying to move them to higher ground.”

五千多万亩粮田被淹,许多粮仓被毁。电视报道了成千上万的农民在设法抢救粮食,他们或把麻袋装的粮食运到船上,或者把它们转移到高处。

Unlike these exhibitions, (不像其它的展览会)it is the highest-class exhibition in the world. World Expos provide great(极大的机会) opportunities for a country, through motivating (激发,刺激)the whole nation, to demonstrate its social, economic and cultural achievements and future prospects in a comprehensive way. This is why(这是为什么) it is always such a large-scaled international activity for which countries compete vigorously with each other. It has been one and a half centuries since it was born. But till now,(到现在为止) only a few countries-America, Canada, Japan and South Korea have hosted World Expositions. Recently, Shanghai, one of China’s most prosperous and lively cities has been granted this golden chance (黄金机会)to host the World Expo in 2010.

与其它展览会不同,世博会是世界最高级别的展览会。世博会给一个国家提供绝佳的机会,激励整个国家综合展示该国的社会、经济和文化成就以及发展前景。这就是各国为承办这一大规模的国家性活动而积极竞争的原因。世博会已经有150年的历史了。但是,迄今为止,只有美国、加拿大、日本和韩国等几个国家主办过。最近,中国最繁荣最具活力的城市之一--上海取得了主办2010年世博会的宝贵机会。

The use of scholar and wind power is now increasing rapidly, raising hope that such alternative energy technologies can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and generate new jobs. The global wind power industry, for example, has become a $ 2-billion-a-year business, expanding at a rate of 25% per year. India, China, and a dozen European nations have installed thousands of wind turbines that generate electricity at a cost comparable to new coal-fired power plants. In the 1990s, Germany has created 10,000 new jobs in its wind industry. Wind power now provides less than 1% of the world’s total electricity, but that figure could climb to 20% or more in 50 years, according to Worldwatch Institute researchers. 太阳能和风能的利用正在迅速发展,这些可代替能源能极有可能在很大程度上减少温室气体排放,并创造新的就业岗位

比如,全球风能电力产业年利润达20亿美元, 并以每年25%的增长率增长。印度、中国和十多个欧洲国家安装了成千上万个的风力涡轮机,这些涡轮机产电的费用额与新的燃煤发电厂相当。20世纪90年代,德国创造了一万个风能业领域的就业岗位。虽然风能产生的电力占全世界总电力的不足1%,但世界观察协会的研究者表示这个数字在未来50年里将上升至20%。

As the fast food industry has grown more competitive in the United States, the major chains have looked to overseas markets for their future growth. The McDonald's Corporation recently used a new phrase to describe its hopes for foreign conquest: \realization.\A decade ago,

McDonald's had about three thousand restaurants outside the United States; today it has about fifteen thousand restaurants in more than 117 foreign countries. It currently opens about five new restaurants every day, and at least four of them are overseas.

随着美国快餐业竞争日趋激烈,许多快餐连锁企业将发展目光投向了海外市场。近来,麦当劳提出了海外发展的新口号“征服海外市场\以表开拓国外市场的决心。十年前,麦当劳在美国本土之外仅有3000多家餐厅;如今,麦当劳连锁餐厅多达1,5000,遍布世界117多个国家。目前每天有五家新的麦当劳餐厅开业,其中至少有四家是在美国国外。

Within the next decade, Jack Greenberg, the company's chief executive, hopes to double the number of McDonald's. The chain earns the majority of its profits outside the United States, as does KFC. McDonald's now ranks as the most widely recognized brand in the world, more familiar than Coca-Cola. The values, tastes,and industrial practices of the American fast food industry are being exported to every corner of the globe, helping to create a homogenized international culture that sociologist Benjamin Barber has label led \

公司首席执行官杰克 格林博格希望在未来十年公司连锁餐厅的数量增长一倍。与肯德基相似,麦当劳的大部分利润来自海外市场。“麦当劳” 已成为众人皆知的品牌,甚至比可口可乐更为人熟悉。它的商业理念,产品口味以及企业运作模式已被传递到世界各个角落,创造了全球统一的麦当劳企业文化。社会学家本杰明 巴博把它称之为“麦当劳文化”。

One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor August Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a mental framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel.

世界上最著名的纪念碑之一,自由女神像是法国人民十九世纪是赠送给美国的。这座由雕塑家 设计的巨大铜像,耗时十年才完工。它的主体部分是用铜制作的,支撑主体的金属支架由设计 铁塔的 设计 。

Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbor. By 1884,a statue which was 151 feet tall, had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America.

在自由女神像运往美国之前须先找寻一个安放的地点并建造一个垫座。所选地点在纽约港进口处的一个岛上。直到1884年,这个151 英尺高的雕像才在巴黎建成。第二年,雕像被拆卸成件运往美国。

By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbor to make their homes in America.

1886年10月底以前,雕像又拼装起来并由 正式赠予美国人民。从那时起, 这座巨大的纪念碑对于通过纽约港口来美国建立家园的千百万人们一直是自由的象征。

During the World Cup the streets were filled with football fans.世界杯比赛期间,街上挤满了球迷

Other questions will be discussed briefly.其他问题将简单的加以讨论。

English is spoken in Britian, the US and some other countries.英国、美国和其他一些国家讲英语。

All metals are found not to conduct electricity equally well.人们发现,并非所有的金属都能同样好的导电。

History is made by the people.历史是人民创造的。

Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.彩虹是阳光穿过天空中的小水滴时形成的。

Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining.

人们常说, 通过电视可以了解时事, 掌握科学和政治的最新动态。从电视里还可以看到层出不穷、既有教育意义又有娱乐性的新节目。

Even if the monk can run away, his temple cannot run with him. 跑得了和尚,跑不了庙。 Even if I were to be beaten to death, I will not tell. 打死我也不说。

Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 谦虚使人进步,骄傲使人落后。

If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了,春天还会远吗? We will not attack unless we are attacked. 人不犯我,我不犯人。

As the weather was fine, we decided to climb the mountain. (由于)天气很好,我们决定去爬山。

My sister was expecting me, so I had to go now. 我妹妹在等我,我得走了。

A body in motion remains in motion at a constant speed in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.没有外力的作用,运动的物体就连续做匀速直线运动。

We knew spring was coming as we had seen a robin.我们看见了一只知更鸟,知道春天快要到了。

The boy, who was crying as if his heart would break, said, when I spoke to him, that he was very hungray because he had had no food for two days.

男孩哭得心都快碎了,当我问及他时,他说饿极了,有两天没吃了。

She is a pretty girl, with an oval face, deep dark eyes, and long heavy clinging tresses. Many houses are roofed with glazed

tiles and set within numerous winding red balus-trades.

In the doorway lay at least twelve um-brellas of all sizes and colors.

这姑娘长得漂亮,鹅蛋形脸,两眼又深又黑,披着又长又密的头发。 许多房子,盖着琉璃瓦,曲曲折折,无数的朱红栏杆。

门口放着 一堆雨伞,少说也有十二把, 五颜六色, 大小不一。

Harvard Business School opened in the early 20th century, and pioneered the case-study method of teaching—making use of real-world scenarios(场景), instead of relying on academic theory—a methodology that has remained the bases for many MBA programmes around the world today. 【译文】哈佛商学院成立于20世纪初,它开了个案研究教学法之先河,即在教学中运用现

实生活中的案例,而不是单纯依靠学术理论,这种方法业已成为当今世界MBA课程的基础。

The moon is so far from the earth that even if huge trees were growing on the mountains and elephants were walking about, we could not see them through the most powerful telescopes which have been invented.

月球离地球非常遥远,即使那边山上长着大树,有大象在跑来跑去,我们用已经发明的最高倍率的望远镜也看不到它们。

Upon his death in 1826, Jefferson was buried under a stone which described him as he had wished to be remembered as the author of the Declaration on Independence and the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and the father of the University of Virginia.

1826年杰斐逊逝世。按他生前遗愿,在他墓地的石碑上刻着:独立宣言和弗吉尼亚州信教自由法令的起草者,弗吉尼亚大学创建人之墓。

He is a good eater and a good sleeper. 他能吃能睡。

I used to be a bit of a fancier myself.过去我常常有点喜欢胡思乱想。

The computer is a far more careful and industrious inspector than human beings. 计算机比人检查得更细心,更勤快。

He has someone behind him. 有人给他撑腰。

Ford’s first pledge was, “Mr. President,you have my support and my loyalty.” 福特一开始就保证说: “总统先生,我支持您,并效忠于您。

Vietnamese war is a drain on American resource. 越南战争不断地消耗美国的资源。 The people are with him. 人民拥护他。

I am doubtful whether she is still alive. 我怀疑她是否还活着。

There was a tropical storm off the east coast of Florida. 一场热带风暴袭击了佛罗里达东海岸(弱式动词)

Admittance Free免票入场 Out of Bounds游客止步

No Admittance Except on Business 闲人免进

Danger of Death – High Voltage! 高压(电),危险!

Party officials worked long hour on meagre food, in old caves, by dim lamps.

党的干部吃着粗茶淡饭,住着寒冷的窑洞,点着昏暗的油灯,长时间地工作。 What film will be on this evening? 今晚放映什么影片?

He walked around the house with a gun. 他拿着枪,绕着屋子走。 A study of that letter leaves us in no doubt as to the motives behind it.

研究一下那封信,就使我们毫不怀疑该信是别有用心的。

The very first sight of her made him fall in love with her. 他对她一见钟情。

It has been known for a long time that there is a first relationship between the heart and the liver.

长期以来,大家知道心脏与肝脏的关系是最主要的。

The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire.大火几乎使这家有名的旅馆全部毁灭。

They were given a hearty welcome.他们受到热烈欢迎。 He stole her a watch.他给她偷了一块表。

That girl student is in the green.那个女生正值青春年少。

In an odd way the two leaders diminished each other.奇怪的是, 这两位领袖站在一起,都不如原来的形象那么伟大了。

Any literate person on the face of the globe is deprived if he does not know English.

世上的文化人,如果不懂英语就算不上个真正的文化人。 She is forty, if she is a day.她至少40岁了。

The housewife is not at home to visitors.家庭主妇不接待客人。

It’s no legend. My father knew the two men involved.这可不是瞎说。那两个与本案有关的人我父亲都认识。

They are to send a government trade delegation to China.他们将派一个政府贸易代表团到中国来。

The fundamental way out for agriculture lies in mechanization.农业的根本出路在于机械化。 She was happiness incarnate.她是幸福的化身。 He left today week.他上星期的今天离开了。

He will leave today week.他将在下星期的今天离开。 It isn’t half hot today.今天很热。

I shall be only too pleased to come.我非常愿意来。

“I will teach him to deceive others,” he said. 他说,“我要教他去欺骗别人。” She has given heart to him.她爱上了他。

I bought a tape-recorder for a song. 我买一台录音机来听歌。 My dogs are killing me. 我的双脚疼死我了。

The doctor said to me, “That patient may die of cancer, for all I care.”医生对我说,“那个病人可能会死于癌症。”

Everything doesn’t cause cancer.并非所有东西都致癌。

When John was two years old, he was ipossible, a typical “Terrible Two” . 约翰两岁时变得异常调皮,是个不折不扣的“两岁魔王”。

Millet made a portrait of Lady Chesterfield, which flattered her.

米利特给柴斯特菲尔德贵妇人画了一幅像,这幅像很美,简直超过了她本人。Savagery was stamped upon his features. He was still in that primeval forest from which mankind was evolved. 他面相凶蛮。这种人还处在人类进化的原始森林阶段。 Her grace was a delight.她的优雅风度很讨人喜欢。

There was a pleasant freshness of spring everywhere.处处洋溢着春色宜人的清新气息。 He was described as impressed by Teng’s flexibility.据说他为邓灵活的态度所感动。 At the same time, inequality has become worse, poverty has increased absolutely. 同时贫富不均的现象变得更加严重,贫穷者的绝对数增加了。

But besides the violence there is the kindness and courtesy of the ordinary American people. 除了暴力以外,普通美国人还有和蔼可亲、彬彬有礼的一面。

What can easily be seen in his poems are his imagery and originality, power and range. 他的诗形象生动,独具一格,而且气势磅礴,题材广泛,这是显而易见的。 Jane’s been ill, but she’s as right as rain now.珍妮一直有病,可现在身体很好。 He laughed shallowly.他强笑了一声。

I went to my medical man. He is an old chum of mine, and feels my pulse, and looks at my tongue, talks about the weather, all for nothing, when I fancy I’m ill.

我去找我的医生,他是我的一个老朋友,在我感觉自己有病时,他给我号脉、看舌头、和我

谈天气,不收一分钱。

The mildness of its climate,with slight temperature variations and infrequent rainfall,combined with a high average level of sunshine and brilliant skies,a11 make it ideal for tourism whether by winter or by summer.

宜人的气候、变化不大的温度、稀少的雨量、灿烂的阳光以及明媚的天空,所有这一切使突尼斯成为冬夏理想的旅游胜地。 例1:kill

1)They killed a bottle of whisky between them.他们两人喝完了一瓶威士忌酒。 2)He killed ten good years on that job.他在那件工作上浪费了整整10年。

3)Her bright red hat killed the quiet colour of her dress.她戴着一顶红色的帽子,这和她一身的素装很不相称。

4)These flowers kill easily. 这些花很容易枯死。

5)The funny play nearly killed me.这出有趣的戏几乎把我笑死。

6)That bus ride every day kills off all of my energy.每天坐那趟公共汽车使我筋疲力尽。 7)This carpet kills the sound of footsteps.这条地毯使脚步声消失。 8)The bill was killed in the House.议案在议会被否决了。

9)That has killed her affection.那件事使她炽热的感情冷淡了。 10)Care killed a cat.忧虑伤身〔谚语〕 例1:pure

1) Pure water is useful.净水有用。 2) This is purely water.这不过是水。

3) Purify the water before drinking it.请将水净化后饮用。 4) Purified water is useful.净化了的水有用。 5) Purifying water is useful.净化用水有用。 例2 : like

1)All music is alike to Tom.啥音乐在汤姆听来全都一样。 2)That, I think, is hardly likely.我想,那不大可能。

3)Man’s life is often likened to sea voyage.人生常被比作海上航行。 4)His likeness to his brother was remarkable.他长像酷似他兄弟。

5)Things cannot be always to one’s liking.事情不会总是称心如意的。 6)Like likes like.

【译文】物以类聚。 例1:only

1) The French only love arts.法国人只爱文艺而已。 2)The French love arts only.法国人爱的只是文艺。 3)Only the French love arts. 只有法国人爱好文艺。

4)The French love their only arts.法国人爱好他们惟一的文艺。 例2:naturally

1) They are behaving naturally.他们举止自然。

2) Naturally, they are behaving well.当然,他们表现很好。 3) She is naturally gentle. 她天生就温柔。 例3: present

I want to present everyone present a present.我想给在场的每个人赠送一份礼物。 例1:Did you hear that?是否听到刚才说的话?

例2:That brings me to this question: What is a people?以上使我想起了下面一个问题:一个民族的含义是什么?

例3: Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics.爱因斯坦创立了相对论,他是通过数学获得这一理论的。

A few minutes later, Zoe sat sipping coffee and watching the girl eagerly attacking a large omelet, stacks of buttered bread and a cup of milk.

【译文】几分钟后,左伊坐下来,一边啜饮着咖啡,一边看着女孩迫不及待地向一大块煎蛋饼、好几块黄油面包和一杯牛奶发起进攻。

Strange, that the very safe that Yadwiga had described should be right next to him. It stood on end, long and black as a coffin. The powers that control man’s destiny had led him directly to Zaruski’s hoard.

【译文】真奇怪,雅德维加说的那个保险箱居然就在他身旁,竖摆着,又长又黑,像一口棺材。控制人们命运的那股力量径直把他领到了查鲁斯基藏着钱财的地方。

We would like to place an order for 5,000 pieces of tea cup.我们希望订购5,000个茶杯。 Many black rhinos roam the 365-square-mile park.许多黑犀牛漫游那个三百六十五平方英里的公园。

The different wage level among the three regions is around 10 percent. 这3个地区之间的不同工资水平是在百分之十上下。

Eyewitness accounts claim the explosion occurred about 3:00 a.m. Friday morning. 目击者称爆炸发生在周五凌晨三时整。

A more realistic approach toward international specialization is that of comparative advantage. This concept says that a nation has a comparative advantage in an item if it can produce it more efficiently than alternative products.

参与国际分工的另一更为现实的做法是采取比较优势的做法。比较优势是指假如一个国家生产某种产品比生产其他产品的效率高,那么它就具有生产该产品的比较优势。

A quater of century ago the Security Council symbolized the supreme guarantee of a new international order based on peace and justice. 四分之一世纪以前,安理会曾象征着国际新秩序的最高保证,一种基于和平和正义的国际新秩序的保证。

Copper is used so widely for carrying electricity, as it offers very little resistance.

铜被广泛用于输电,因为铜的阻力很小。

A large company has its difficulties.大公司有大公司的难处。

He doubtlessly expected hugs, tablefuls of food, tears, laughter, and conversation followed by more conversations, then hugs and more hugs all over again, without end.

毫无疑问,他以为会有热烈的拥抱,满桌的食物,激动的泪水,欢乐的笑声,一段接一段的谈话,一次又一次的拥抱,没完没了。(形容词) To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading.

东南方呈现一抹浅红,正在向远处扩展。(增加量词) It’s interesting to visit the end-users who use our product. 拜访一下使用我们产品的用户,这很有好处。(增加副词) Today China Daily frontpages his article.

今天中国日报以头版位置刊登了他的文章。

He shook his head and his eyes were wide, then narrowed in indignation.

他摇了摇头,两目瞪得圆圆的,接着又眯成一条线,脸上露出愤怒的神色。 The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. 老头儿以前教会了这个孩子捕鱼,所以孩子很爱他。

Business?That’s very simple – it’s other people’s money. 做生意吗?那太简单了---叫别人掏钱。

The lion is the king of animals.狮子是百兽之王。

These early cars were slow, clumsy, and inefficient. 这些早期的汽车速度缓慢,行动笨拙,效率不高。(名词)

Le Monde, the B.B.C.,the New York Times, the entire Arab press, all quote Heikal at length. 法国的《世界报》、英国广播公司、美国《纽约时报》以及整个阿拉伯报界,都经常大量引用海卡尔的话。(文化知识)

I know my friends from the feel of their faces. 我靠触摸脸庞来辨认朋友。(代词) Write to me when you have time.

有时间就给我写信。(连词、代词)

Ice is a solid. If we heat it, it melts and becomes water.

冰是固体,如果加热,就融化成水。(冠词、代词) The difference between the two machines consists in power. 这两台机器的差别在于功率不同。

University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. 报考大学的人,有工作经验的优先录取。

To learn is not an easy matter and to apply what one has learned is even harder. 学习不容易,学以致用/应用更加不容易。

I felt a trifle shy at the thought of presenting myself to a total stranger with the announcement that I was going to sleep under his roof, eat his food and drink his whisky, till another boat came in to take me to the port for which I was bound.

我要去见一个素不相识的陌生人,向他宣布我得住在他家、吃他的、喝他的,一直等到下一班船到来,把我带到我要去的港口为止──想到这儿,我真有点不好意思了。 We must do whatever we can to prevent such accidents in the future.

今后,我们必修尽力防止这样的事故再次发生。

In considering social culture one has to distinguish between denotative and connotative problems of translation.

考虑到社会文化这个因素,必须区分翻译中的内涵和外延问题。

You’ll supply financial power, and we’ll supply manpower. Isn’t that fair and square? 你们出钱,我们出人,这难道还不公平吗?

In our workshop there is a hard and fast rule against smoking. 我们车间有严格的规定,不许吸烟。(或:我们车间严禁吸烟。) He is dead and gone. 他的确死了。

His father is a man who forgives and forgets. 他父亲非常宽容。

Her son was wise and clever, but her daughter was silly and foolish. 她的儿子非常聪明,可她的女儿却很笨。

Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources. 越南战争不断地消耗美国的资源。(名词转为动词)

What are you after? 你追求什么?(介词转为动词)

It was officially announced that Paris is invited to the meeting. 官方宣布,巴黎应邀出席会议。(副词转为名词)

I am no drinker, nor smoker. 我既不喝酒,也不抽烟。(名词转为动词) It was a very informative meeting. 会上透露了许多信息。(形容词转为动词) He was eloquent and elegant--but soft.

他有口才,有风度,但个性软弱。(形容词译为名词)

This is sheer nonsense.这完全是一派胡言。(形容词译为副词)

He is physically weak but mentally sound.他身体羸弱但头脑(正常)/机灵/灵活。(副词译为名词)

The fighters walked on against the piercing wind. 战士们冒/迎着刺骨的寒风前进。(介词译为动词)

She sang to the piano. 她和着琴声歌唱。(介词译为动词)

There is more to their life than political and social and economic problems; more than transient everydayness. 他们的生活远不止那些政治的、社会的和经济的问题,远不止一时的柴米油盐问题。

Empties are not taken back. 空瓶不退钱。

The Great Wall is a must for most foreign visitors to Beijing.对于大多数去北京的外国游客,万里长城是必不可少的游览项目。

Do you see any green in my eye? 你以为我好欺骗吗? ( a green hand)

No one is satisfied with his favoritism in his work. 对他在工作中表现的徇私作风谁都感到不满意。

No wonder the multinational corporations have been growing fantastically and now dominate many sections of the international markets.

难怪跨国公司一直以惊人的速度发展并控制着国际市场的许多领域。

He gazed at the mushroom fortress with astonishment as it loomed (隐现、迫近)indistinctly but grandly through a morning fog.这座像雨后春笋般冒出来的堡垒,影影绰绰但傲然地出现在晨雾中,他凝视着,不胜惊讶。

The first attempt of their search for consumer products turned out a sad one. 他们试图寻找一些消费产品(用于......),可是第一次尝试结果很惨/空手而归/一无所获

Even qualified tour guides are not informative enough.就算有资质的导游,也不一定有足够的旅游知识/讲解得也不够详尽。

Just how big is English? 英语的词汇到底有多少?/英语的使用范围到底有多大? What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave. 少时所学,到老不忘。 Sam knows he can depend on his family, rain or shine. 山木知道不论境遇如何,他都可把家庭作为靠山。

I don’t think you can have his ear.我看他不会听你的。

He who has a mind to beat his dog will easily find his stick. 欲加其罪,何患无辞。 There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of a Frenchman.法国人的性格既残暴又狡猾。

The man whom I saw yesterday, who is extraordinarily fat, and in whom everybody would be interested, is a foreigner.

原译:我昨天看到的、胖得出格、个个人都会注意的那个人是个外国人。 He has many hot potatoes to handle every day.

高科技迅速发展,造就了一批新的员工,他们喜欢挑战,珍视独立和工作的多样性。 美国人的日常生活五彩缤纷,个人选择的生活方式反映出每个人的个性和所处的环境,各种不同的选择丰富了美国人的生活内容

剑桥大学培养出来诸如牛顿、培根、拜伦、弥尔顿、达尔文之类的伟大的科学家、思想家及诗人,他们为人类的进步作出了杰出的贡献。

苹果派是人们喜爱的甜点,英国布丁品种多样,用作一餐的最后一道点心再好不过,尤其是在冬天。

消费者想要购买的轿车是空间更宽敞,外型却更小巧;车子重量更轻,却更为安全;购买力所能及,性能要更好。

Four scores and seven years ago our father brought fourth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and the proposition that all men are created equal.

87年前,我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新的国家,它以自由为立国之本,奉行所有人生来平等的原则。

Industrial designs are applied to a wide variety of products of industry and handicraft: from technical and medical instrument to watches, jewellery, and luxury items; from house wares and electrical appliances to vehicles and architectural structures; from textile designs to leisure goods.

工业设计应用于从技术和医学器械到手表、珠宝和其它奢侈品;从家用器皿和电器到交通工具和建筑结构;从纺织品设计到休闲用品的非常广泛的工业品和手工艺品。

But now it is realized that supplies of some of mineral are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials.

可是现在人们意识到, 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的, 人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”, 也就是说, 经过若干年后, 这些矿物的全部已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽。

It did not take long, however, for people to realize that there were some things he was more capable of doing than others and that it would benefit him to concentrate his effort on the production of those goods in which he was particularly proficient and leave others to produce the goods that called for skills which he did not possess.

但是不久人们就已是到,有些事情他能比别人做的更好,而且假如他集中精力生产那些他擅长生产的商品,而让其他人去生产那些需要别的技能(而这些技能是他不具备的)才能生产出来的商品,那么他就有利可图了。

I believe strongly that it is in the interest of my countrymen that Britain should remain an active and energetic member of the European Community.我坚信,英国依然应该是欧共体中的一个积极的和充满活力的成员,这是符合我国人民利益的。

And he know how ashamed he would have been if he had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born. 他出生在这样一类人中间,他出生在这种地方,他有这样的母亲;这些要是让他知道了的话,他知道该多么丢人。

A great number of graduate students were driven into the intellectual slum when in the United States the intellectual poor became the classic poor, the poor under the rather romantic guise of the Beat Generation, a real phenomenon in the late fifties.

50年代后期的美国出现了一个任何人都不可能视而不见的现象, 穷知识分子以“跨掉的一

代”这种颇为浪漫的姿态出现而成为美国典型的穷人, 正是这个时候大批大学生被赶进了知识分子的贫民窟。

The idea of //a fish being able to generate electricity strong enough to light small bulbs, even to run an electric motor,// is almost unbelievable.

鱼能发电,其强度足以点亮小灯泡,甚至能开动马达。//这种想法简直令人难以置信。 There are swift flowing rivers, //slow, sluggish rivers, //mighty rivers with several mouths, //rivers that carry vast loads of alluvium to the sea, //clear limpid rivers// that some seasons of the year have very much more water than at others.

有的河水流湍急,//有的河流速缓慢,//有的河河口有好几处,//有的河带着大量冲击土入海,//有的河清澈见底,//有的河水量子一年中的某些季节较少,而在某些季节却多得很。 What the New Yorker would find missing is what many outsiders find oppressive and distasteful about New York--its rawness, tension,urgency; its bracing competitiveness; the rigor of its judgement; and the congested, democratic presence of so many other New Yorkers encased in their own world.

纽约的粗犷、紧张,那种迫切感和催人奋进的竞争性,它的是非观念之严酷无情,纽约市的那种各色人等的熙熙攘攘,兼容并蓄于各自的天地之中的格局,所有这些都使那些非纽约人感到厌恶和窒息;而这一切,又是纽约人所眷恋的。

Applied science, on the other hand, is directly concerned with the application of the working laws of pure science to the practical affairs of life, and to increasing man’s control over his environment, thus leading to the development of techniques, processes and machines.

应用科学则直接涉及应用问题。它研究的是如何将纯科学的工作定律应用于实际生活、应用于加强人类对其周围环境的控制,从而导致新技术、新工艺和新机器的产生。

But without Adolf Hitler, who was possessed of a demoniac personality, a granite will, uncanny instincts, a cold ruthlessness, a remarkable intellect, a soaring imagination and----until toward the end, when drunk with power and success, he over reached himself----an amazing capacity to size up people and situations, there almost certainly would never have been a Third Reich.

然而,如果没有阿道夫·希特勒, 那就几乎可以肯定不会有第三帝国。因为阿道夫·希特勒有着恶魔般的性格、花岗岩般的意志、不可思议的本能、无情的冷酷、杰出的智力、深远的想象力以及对人和对局势的判断力。这种判断力最后由于权力和胜利冲昏了头脑而自不量力,终于弄巧成拙。

Many man-made substances are replacing certain natural materials because either the quantity of the natural products can not meet our ever-increasing requirement, or more often, because the physical property of the synthetic substance, which is the common name for man-made materials, have been chosen, and even emphasized, so that it would be of the greatest use in the fields in which it is to be applied.

合成材料通常称为人造材料。许多人造材料正逐步取代某些天然材料,这或许是因为天然制品的数量不能满足人们日益增长的需求,但更多的则是因为人们看中了合成材料的某种物理性能,并充分利用这些性能,以便使合成材料在其应用领域中最大限度地发挥作用。

本文来源:https://www.bwwdw.com/article/fsea.html

微信扫码分享

《英汉翻译完整版.doc》
将本文的Word文档下载到电脑,方便收藏和打印
推荐度:
点击下载文档
下载全文
范文搜索
下载文档
Top