初一英语期中试卷及答案

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初一英语期中试卷及答案

II 笔试部分（共80分）

一、单词辩音在A、B、C、D四个选项中找出一个划线部分读音与其他三个

不同的选项。（计5分，每小题0.5分）

1. A. land B. fashion C. ladder D. wallet 2. A. supper B. student C. jump D. dumpling 3. A. cotton B. cost C. kilo D. top

4. A. silk B. pink C. still D. write

5. A. salt B. always C. chalk D. also 6. A. choose B. look C. cook D. foot

7. A. already B. beach C. cheap D. dream

8. A. scarf B. smart C. afterwards D. large

9. A. with B. think C. Thursday D. thousand 10. A. chip B. school C. chocolate D. change 二、单词拼写根据句意或汉语注释，写出单词的正确形式。（计

10分，每小题1分）

1. What a beautiful bag! Is it made of _____ (皮革). 2. _____ (最后) I buy something special for my mother in Hong Kong.

3. Noise _____ (污染) is another big problem in the city.

4. Shanghai is a _____ (现代的) city. Many people like living here.

5. Millie’s new T-shirt _____ (搭配) her blue jeans very well.

6. Let’ take him to the _____ (west) restaurant. 7. Tomorrow is his brother’s _____ (twenty) birthday. 8. You have so many books. Let me help you put them on those _____. (shelf)

9. It’s good to do more things with _____(little) money.

10. Whose cars are these? They are the _____. (shop)

三、单项填空在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

项。（计15分，每小题1分）

1. There is _____ “h” and _____ “o” in the word throne.

A. a; an B. an; an C. a; a D. an; a

2. There _____ a lot of orange juice in the fridge. A. have B. are C. is D. has

3. Yao Ming is a good player. He is over _____ tall. A. two meters’ B. two meters C. two-meters D. two-meter

4. Peter is _____ his purse, but he can’t _____ it. A. looking for; find B. seeing; look for

C. finding; look at D. looking at; see

5. Today, all the students _____ new school cloths.

A. wears B. are wearing C. are putting on D. put on

6. ---What’s your cousin like? ---She _____.

A. likes reading books B. is tall and pretty

C. is a doctor D. likes her mother

7. It is raining now. We don’t know _____ this afternoon.

A. what can we do B. what to do it

C. what to do D. how to do

8. I share the room _____ my sister and we are very friendly _____ each other.

A. to; to B. to: with C. with; with D. with; to 9. Sandy wants to buy the same football cards _____ her brother’s.

A. like B. as C. to D. so 10. We have some boxes. But we need_____ .

A. more many B. another many

C. many another D. many more

11. You look ______ in blue while red clothes are nice _____ her.

A. well; for B. good; at C. well; to D. good; on

12. The Eiffel Tower is a famous building in ______. A. New York B. London C. Moscow D. Paris

13. Parents usually _____ their children _____ that new park in spring.

A. bring; with B. bring; to C. take; with D. take; to

14. It _____ about an hour to get to the nearest _____ center.

A. costs; youth B. costs; young

C. takes; youth D. takes;

young

15. _____ people will go to Shanghai during the 2010 World Expo.

A. Million B. Millions C. Millions of D. Million of 四、对话匹配从II栏中选出I栏句子中的正确答句。（计6分，每小题1分）

I II

1. You look cool in black. A. Just a minute.

2. Don’t be late again, Lily. B. It’s made in China.

3. Where’s the jumper made in? C. Sure. Please take your time.

4. Hello. May I speak to Simon? D. Thank you.

5. May I hand in my design next week? E. Sorry. I won’t.

五、缺词填空根据情景和所给的首字母，在空格内填入一个适

当的单词，使对话意思完整。（计5分，每空0.5分）

A: Welcome here! Can I help you? What are you l（1） for?

B: I’d like to buy a pair of football b（2）. A: What size are your f（3）?

B: Size 8. I like this pair. Could I try them on, please?

A: Of course.

B: Well, they f（4） me very well. How much do they c（5）?

A: They’re $120.

B: Oh, that’s too e（6）. I don’t have e（7） money. Do you have a c（8） pair? A: Yes. What about this black pair? B: Good. I like it very much. What’s the p（9）? A: They’re only $60. B: OK. I’ll t（10） it.

六、动词填空用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。（计8分，每小题1

分）

1. Would you like something cold _____ (drink)?

2. Millie often spends a lot of time _____ (practice) volleyball at weekend.

3. Tom, _____ (not write) any words on the wall. 4. Simon is fit and healthy because he _____ (exercise) every day. 5. ---Where is the girl? ---She _____ (shop) in the new shopping mall.

6. Why not _____ (go) to the party with us? I hear it must be great fun.

7. Look at the little boy. Can he _____ (ride) a bike? 8. It's twelve o'clock. The students _____ (have) their lunch in the dining hall.

七、完成句子根据所给的汉语，用英语完成下列句子，每空一

词。（计12分，每空0.5分）

1. 你双胞胎弟弟常在周末给朋友写电子邮件吗？

(1) your (2) brother often write (3) (4) his friends at the weekend? 2. 我们正在为贫困地区的人们募集钱款。

We’re (5) money (6) the people in (7) （8）. 3. 旅游的时候穿新鞋是不舒服的。

(9) not (10) (11) wear new shoes when you go

on a (12) . 4. 这个新的电脑游戏和他们的不同，它能同时帮助我们学习英语和地理。 The new computer game is (13) (14) theirs. It can help us learn English and

Geography at (15) (16) time.

5. 李太太花至少200元买了新钱包。你觉得它怎样？

Mrs Li spends (17) (18) ￥200 on her new purse.

What do you (19) (20) it? 6. 他工作很忙，每天晚上直到11点才睡觉.

He is (21) at work. He (22) (23) to bed (24) 11o’clock every day. 八、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容选出最佳选

项。（计10分，每小题1分）

( A )

All students need to have good habits(习惯): When you have good study habits, you learn things quickly. You also remember them easily.

Do you like to study in the living room? This is not a good place because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, like your bedroom. A quiet place will help you only think about one thing, and you will learn better.

Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. A good desk light(台灯) is important, too. You’ll feel tired easily if there is not enough light.

1. When you have good study habits, you will_____. A. learn things quickly B. remember things easily

C. think about one thing D. both A

and B

2. The living-room is not a good place for study because it is too _____.

A. quiet B. noisy C. good

D. clean

3. You’ll feel tired easily if the light is _____.

A. good B. enough C. bad D.

wonderful

4. You should remember to _____ before you study.

A. clean the desk B. tidy the

room

C. turn on the light D. go to the

bedroom

5. The best title(标题) for this passage is _____. A. Study in the bedroom B. Good study habits

C. How to study D. Desk light

is important

( B )

Skin-diving (潜水) is a new sport today. This sport takes you into a wonderful new world. It is like a visit to the moon. When you are under water, it is easy for

you to climb big rocks(岩石) because you are no longer heavy.

During the day, there is lots of light. Everything is blue and green. When fishes swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands. When you have bottles of air, you can stay in water for a long time. But you must be careful when you dive in deep(深的) water because it is dark(暗的). And there are more uses for skin-diving. You can clean ships without taking them out of water. You can get many things from deep sea. Now you see that skin-diving is both useful and interesting. 1. Skin-diving is a new sport. It can take you to _____.

A. the moon B. a new world of land

C. the sun D. deep water 2. In deep water _____.

A. there is lots of light B. there is no light at all

C. you can find many blue fishes D. everything looks blue and green.

3. You can climb big rocks under water easily because _____.

A. you are heavy B. you are as heavy as on the land

C. you are not as heavy as on the land D. you are strong in the water

4. With bottles of air on your bank, you can _____. A. catch fishes very easily B. stay under water for a long time

C. climb big rocks D. have more fun

5. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Skin-diving is a new sport.

B. Skin-diving is like visiting the moon.

C. The only use of skin-diving is to have more fun. D. Skin-diving is not only interesting but also useful.

九、书面表达（计10分）

要点提示：1. 无锡是一座现代化城市, 有许多高楼大厦和美丽的公园;

2. 我们住在市中心的一幢公寓里；

3. 公寓有两个卧室、一个书房、一个厨房和两

个卫生间；

4．我通常在书房做作业，晚饭后我们经常…… 5．我们家附近有一个超市，许多人都喜欢去那

里购物.

注意：

1．短文必须包括所给内容要点，但不要逐条译成英语；

2．第4点的内容需要展开合理想象，并适当发挥； 3．词数60个左右。

七年级英语卷答案听力部分（共20分）

一．1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A

二．1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B

三．1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. C

四．1. I’m 2. interesting 3. November 4. little 5. Canada

6. chatting 7. favourite 8. fun 9. difficult 10. soon

笔试部分(共80分)

一．1. D 2. B 3. C 4.D 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. B

二．1. leather 2. Finally 3. pollution 4. modern 5. matches

6. western/Western 7. twentieth 8. shelves 9. less 10. shoppers’

三．1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. D

11. D 12. D 13. D 14. C 15. C 四．D E B A C

五．1. looking 2. boots 3. feet 4. fit 5. cost

6. expensive 7. enough 8. cheaper 9. price 10. take

六．1. to drink 2. practicing 3. don’t write 4.exercises 5. is shopping

6. go 7. ride 8. are having

七．1. Does 2. twin 3. e-mails 4. to 5. raising

6. for 7. poor 8. areas 9. It’s 10.comfortable

11. to 12. trip 13. difficult 14. from 15. the 16. same 17. at 18. least 19. think 20. of

21. busy 22. doesn’t 23. go 24. until 八．1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10.C

九. One possible version:

Wuxi is a modern city. There are many tall buildings and beautiful parks. We live in a flat in the city centre. There are two bedrooms, a study, a kitchen and two bathrooms. I usually do my homework in the study. After supper we often go out for a walk. There is a supermarket near our home. Many people like to go shopping there.

(64

words)

★哈佛大学★英语系研究，美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。

官方网站：http://hafo.yeryy.com/ 哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供

学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。” 英

语与汉语一样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。一、多“说”。

自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。

或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。

如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。二、多“听”

寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的机会少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。三、多“读”。

“读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些有趣的小读物，因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系，所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后，你必定会在高考中胜券在握。另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。四、多“写”

有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语

境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下： The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different .I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.

只几句话：但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上，这样写下来印象会深刻得多，这样比死记硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。学习英语不用花大块的时间，10分钟的散步可以练\说\吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说，睡前听几分钟英语，可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英语，你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。背英语单词技巧 1、循环记忆法艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线

人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库，人脑经历过的事物，思考过的问题，体验过的情感和情绪，练习过的动作，都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词、短语和句子，甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从\记\到\忆\是有个过程的，这其中包括了识记、保持、再认和回忆。有很多人在学习英语的过程中，只注

重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知，要想做好学习的记忆工作，是要下一番工夫的，单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。

在信息的处理上，记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程，从信息处理的角度上，英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分惊人的，它可以存贮1015比特(byte，字节)的信息，可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占10%，还有更多的记忆发挥空间。这是因为，有些人只关注了记忆的当时效果，却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题--即记忆的牢固度问题，那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。

一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释

德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann

Ebbinghaus，1850-1909)，他在1885年发表了他的实验报告后，记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一，而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。

根据我们所知道的，记忆的保持在时间上是不同的，有短时的记忆和长时的记忆两种。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的：输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后，便成为了人的短时的记忆，但是如果不经过及时的复习，这些记住过的东西就会遗忘，

而经过了及时的复习，这些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆，从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那么，对于我们来讲，怎样才叫做遗忘呢，所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来，也不能回忆起来，或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆，这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的，他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节，也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合，比如asww，cfhhj，ijikmb，rfyjbc等等。他经过对自己的测试，得到了一些数据。

然后，艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线，这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线：艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量，横轴表示时间(天数)，曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。

这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的，遗忘的进程不是均衡的，不是固定的一天丢掉几个，转天又丢几个的，而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度很快，后来就逐渐减慢了，到了相当长的时候后，几乎就不再遗忘了，这就是遗忘的发展规律，即\先快后慢\的原则。观察这条遗忘曲线，你会发现,学得的知识在一天后，如不抓紧复习,就只剩下原来的25%)。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速度减慢，遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过一个实验，两

组学生学习一段课文，甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习，乙组不予复习，一天后甲组保持98%，乙组保持56%；一周后甲组保持83%，乙组保持33%。乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高。二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线

而且，艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现，记住12个无意义音节，平均需要重复16.5次；为了记住36个无意义章节，需重复54次；而记忆六首诗中的480个音节，平均只需要重复8次！这个实验告诉我们，凡是理解了的知识，就能记得迅速、全面而牢固。不然，愣是死记硬背，那也是费力不讨好的。因此，比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料，而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气，在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。因此，艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种曲线，而且是对无意义的音节而言，对于与其他材料的对比，艾宾浩斯又得出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线，不过他们大体上都是一致的。

因此，艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理，学习要勤于复习，而且记忆的理解效果越好，遗忘的也越慢。

三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线--个性化的艾宾浩斯上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后，产生了不同的记忆数据，从而生成的一种曲线，是一个具

有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试验个人的个性特点，而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。

但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人，因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同，可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造世界的行为，只能起一个催化的作用，如果与每个人的记忆特点相吻合，那么就如顺水扬帆，一日千里；如果与个人记忆特点相悖，记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此，我们要根据每个人的不同特点，寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线 2》如何学英语下定决心，坚持不懈

英语学习作为一门语言技能，通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说，英语学习的原则是听、说领先，读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡，首先建立起我能学好英语的信心，然后以句子为单位，大量地模仿，疯狂地操练，大声地朗读，最后达到自如地说英语，他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆教授45岁开始学英语，一年后，学成出国当口语翻译，并创造了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法，他的方法强调以听为主，并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳，他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机，你可想象他听了多

少英语；用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐，你可想象他写了多少，在一年半内，累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时，也就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。如果我们做到他那样，一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持，只要能下定决心，坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语，战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。注意方法，循序渐进

决心下定，还注意学习方法，有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的，选择不同的学习方法，但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知识掌握好，也就是说，发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本语法要会用。（1）要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确，注意改正有问题的音素，特别是那些容易混淆的音素，尽早地掌握国际音标，并尽量的掌握一些读音规则，尽快地能利用读音规则来拼单词，掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。

（2）掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关，学习单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握，要注意单词的一词多义，一词多类的用法，要学会一些构词法的知识，来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去学，要结合词组，通过句子，阅读文章来活记单词，死记的单词是记不牢的。坚持在读、说前，先反复听，听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏，

想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。

（3）掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要，它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律，通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住，活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练，不但要注意数量，更重要的是要注意质量，尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确，熟练。只有经过大量的实践，才能做到熟能生巧，运用自如。提前预习，有的放矢

作为学生，在每次上课前，都要对要学的课文提前预习。首先在音标的帮助下试着拼读单词，也可以借助配套磁带反复听，对比一下，把握不准的要标出来，注意上课老师的发音，还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导材料，预习一遍课文，找出不明白的地方，做到心中有数，在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。总之，预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容，找出不明白的地方，带着问题听课，做到有的放矢。认真听课，积极配合

课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要场所。作为起主导作用的老师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的，但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课要专心听讲、作好笔记、认真操练、

积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的，要向老师提出，把问题搞清楚，老师讲授的问题，先注意听，下课后整理一下笔记，反复思考一下这些问题，抓住老师所讲的重点，难点和考点。总之，上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想，调动起多个感官来。完成作业，找出问题

学完每一课，要认真完成课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案，做完后再对答案，对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题，应该记下来，等下次上课时提出来。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节，它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程，一定要认真完成规定的作业，笔头作业要动一动笔，口头作业要动一动嘴，提高听力要练一练耳，课文在听和读的基础上，最好背诵某些精彩段落。总之，要做大量的练习，英语是练出来的，一定不要偷懒。及时复习，巩固知识

学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘，但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度。善于类比，总结知识，把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系。建立错误档案记录，加深印象，以避免再反同样错误。我们大部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的，及时复习对于记忆非常必

要，学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练，不断地重复基本句型，常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。

总而言之，只要你能做到下定决心学，注意学习方法，把课前预习，认真听课，完成作业，及时复习这些环节作好了，你一定能够学好英语

★哈佛大学★英语系研究，美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。

官方网站：http://hafo.yeryy.com/ 哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供

初中英语被动语态复习一、被动语态概述

语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用\被\、\受\、\给\等词来表示被动意义。如：

He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由\助动词be+及物动词的过去分词\构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：

2、被动语态的句式变化：

以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：

3、含有情态动词的被动语态

情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，\过去分词\部分不变。如：

Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）

三、主动语态变为被动语态转换图示：

1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：

注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如：

Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom. （2）将动词改为\过去分词\。注意：

They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday.

他们昨天开会了。

（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. → A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。

Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack.

The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 四、下列动词（词组）没有被动式：

1.、系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意常见的系动词有： ① be动词

② ……起来（7个）：look/seem/appear, feel(感觉，摸起来), sound, smell, taste

e.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells

terrible.

③ (逐渐)变得/变成：become, grow, get, turn, come, go e.g. His wish has come true.

People often went hungry in the old days. The tree is growing tall. ④ 保持：keep, stay

e.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room. 2、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take 3、不及物动词sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。

1、An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生○

了一起事故。

An accident happened yesterday.

2、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。 ○

3、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。 ○

4、This book sells well.这本书畅销。 ○

5、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。 ○

6、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。 ○

7、The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超 ○

市在早上八点钟营业。

8、The door won’t close/shut. 这门关不上。 ○

9、The door locks easily. 这门容易锁。 ○

0、This material wears well (won’t wear). 这种材料耐 1○

久（不耐久）

六、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例） 1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）

English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。

Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班

会。

The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。

2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)

The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。 He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。 My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。

3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)

A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。

A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。

I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。

4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)

The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。

The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。 A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。

5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)

Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。

The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。

6．过去完成时(had been+done)

They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。

She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。 He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.

他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。

被动语态专项练习 Ⅰ单项选择

1. Good books ____ again and again. A. should be readed B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read

2. The children ____ by the nurse. A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked

3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them. A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened

C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen 4. When____ the accident _____ ? A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened

5. The question ____ by us soon. A. is going to discuss B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed

6. The lab ____ about five years ago. A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built

7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.

A. have set up B. have been set up

C. were set up D. set up 8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month. A. had finished B. have finished

C. had been finished D. have been finished 9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.

A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown

10. He ____ by the teachers. A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is praised

11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ . A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open

C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened

12. The picture______ in October, 1996. A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken

13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ . A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired

14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman. A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing

15. The war______ in 1941. A. broke out B. had been broken out C. was broken out D. had broken out

16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽).

A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats

17. We can't enter the room because its door______ . A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking 18. They ______day and night. A. are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are making to work 19. Chang'an Road is ______of people. A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled 20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.

A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up

21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children. A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung

22.The windows of our house _____once a week. A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned

23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ? A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found

24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now. A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended

25. Your exercise books _____ after class. A. will hand in B. must hand in

C. handed in D. must be handed in

26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year. A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be planted

27. The sun _____ at night as usual. A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see

28. A new English play _____ there next week. A. will put on B. will be put on

C. is going to put on D. will be putted on 29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday. A. was happened B. has been happened

C. happened D. was going to happen 30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.

A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态

1. I saw the boy run yesterday.

2. He told me that he would come back soon.

3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.

4. Do you water your flowers every day?

5. The wind blew down the big tree last night. 6. I think that he is right.

7. He had not thrown the bad food.

8. Mother was not mending the trousers. 9. They would not take him to Beijing. 10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.

★哈佛大学★英语系研究，美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。

官方网站：http://hafo.yeryy.com/ 哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供

★哈佛大学★英语系研究，美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。

官方网站：http://hafo.yeryy.com/ 哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供

学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。一、多“说”。

一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释

德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann

Ebbinghaus，1850-1909)，他在1885年发表了他的实验报告后，记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一，而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。

因此，艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理，学习要勤于复习，而且记忆的理解效果越好，遗忘的也越慢。

有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试验个人的个性特点，而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。

想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。

要，学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练，不断地重复基本句型，常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。

总而言之，只要你能做到下定决心学，注意学习方法，把课前预习，认真听课，完成作业，及时复习这些环节作好了，你一定能够学好英语

★哈佛大学★英语系研究，美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。

官方网站：http://hafo.yeryy.com/ 哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供

1.interesting moving amazing surprising amazing（修饰物） interested moved amazed surprised amazed （修饰人） eg：We are moved at the moving film.

2.pay spend cost take 这四个词都有花费的意思 Sb pay some money for sth.(人做主语,结构是pay….for) Sb spent some money on sth 或 sb spend some money (in) doing sth