光学系统的光学传递函数OTF测定方法理论（实验）研究- 终稿

本科毕业设计（论文）

光学系统的光学传递函数OTF测定方法理

论（实验）研究

学 院_ 物理与光电工程学院__ 专 业_____ 光信息科学与技术_

（光电显示与识别技术方向）

年级班别________2010级(2)班__ 学 号_________3110008945______ 学生姓名___________林清贤___ 指导教师___________雷 亮____

2014 年 4 月 28 日

光学系统的光学传递函数测定方法理论（实验）研究OTF 物理与光电工程学院 林 清贤

摘 要

光学传递函数是定量描述成像性能的完备函数。但是对于实际的光电成像器件（如CCD器件），通过解析法建立这一函数的表达式又是非常困难的，因此光学传递函数的实测技术就显得尤为重要。

光学传递函数是一个客观的、准确的、定量的像质评价指标，并且其能够直接方便的测量，因此已经广泛应用于光学设计、加工、检测和信息处理中。本文主要介绍了光学传递函数的性质及其测量原理分析，并对固有频率目标法和狭缝扫描法进行了实验研究。我们采用光学显微镜作为待测量光学传递函数的光学系统，通过改变显微镜的放大倍数，比较分析放大倍数对调制传递函数（MTF）测量的影响，并比较两种测量方法的优劣。实数傅立叶变换是整个实验中需要透彻理解和运用的数学概念，在此基础上理解离散傅立叶级数与MTF定义的理论依据，并由此建立数学模型。由本文建立的理论模型出发，结合实验所测得的数据，最后得到了基本可靠的实验结果。本文最终给出两种测量法对应的matlab程序、数值测量结果、实验测得的可靠的MTF实验结果撰写毕业论文主要内容。

关键字: 光学传递函数，傅立叶变换，固有频率目标法，狭缝扫描法

Abstract

The optical transfer function is quantitatively describe the imaging performance of the complete function.But for the actual photoelectric imaging devices (such as CCD device), through the analytic method to establish the function of expression is very difficult.Therefore the measurement technique of optical transfer function is particularly important.

Optical transfer function is an objective, accurate and quantitative image quality evaluation index, and it can directly and convenient measurement, therefore has been widely applied optics design, processing, testing and information processing.This paper mainly introduces the properties of the optical transfer function and its measuring principle, and the inherent frequency target and slit scan method has carried on the experimental study.We use optical microscope as for measuring optical transfer function of optical system, through changing the magnification of the microscope, comparative analysis of magnification of modulation transfer function (MTF) measurement, the influence of the merits of the two measuring methods are compared.Real Fourier transform is the need to thoroughly understand and apply in the experiment of mathematical concepts, on the basis of the understanding of discrete Fourier series and the theoretical basis of the definition of MTF, and thus to establish mathematical model.Set up by this article on the theory model, combined with the data measured in laboratory, the fundamental and reliable experiment results are obtained.Finally, the paper proposes two kinds of measurement method of the corresponding matlab program, the results of numerical measurement and reliable experimental measured MTF experimental results of writing graduation thesis main content.

Keywords: Optical transfer function, Fourier transform, Natural frequency method; Slit

scan method

目 录

第一章 绪 论 ............................................................ 1

1.1 光学传递函数简介 ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 光学传递函数的发展 ............................................................................................... 1

1.2.1 光学传递函数的发展历史 .......................................................................... 1 1.2.2 光学传递函数的发展现状和趋势 .............................................................. 2 1.3 光学传递函数的测量意义 ....................................................................................... 3 1.4 本论文的主要内容 ................................................................................................... 4 第二章 光学传递函数的基本理论 ........................................... 5

2.1 光学成像系统的一般分析 ....................................................................................... 5

2.1.1 透镜的成像性质 ........................................................................................ 5 2.1.2 光学成像系统的普遍模型 ........................................................................ 8 2.1.3 两种类型的物体照明方式 ........................................................................ 9 2.1.4 阿贝成像理论 ............................................................................................ 9 2.2 光学传递函数的概念 ............................................................................................ 10 2.3 光学传递函数的计算 ............................................................................................ 12

2.3.1 以物像频谱为基础的计算 ...................................................................... 12 2.3.2 以点扩散函数为基础的计算 .................................................................. 13 2.3.3 线扩散函数与一维调制传递函数 .......................................................... 13 2.4 离散傅里叶级数与MTF定义的理论依据 ............................................................ 14 第三章 光学传递函数的测量原理分析 ...................................... 17

3.1 光学传递函数的测量方法综述 ............................................................................. 17 3.2 实验中的两种测量方法原理分析 ......................................................................... 18

3.2.1 固有频率目标法 ........................................................................................ 18 3.2.2 狭缝扫描法 ................................................................................................ 20 3.3 光学传递函数测量系统软件 ................................................................................. 21 3.4 CCD对光学传递函数测量的影响分析 ................................................................ 22

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