大丰高级中学2013高一寒假作业答案(不完整)

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寒假作业答案

英语寒假作业一

单选 CAACB DCADA BCBBC BCDCD ACBDD BDADC 完型 ACDAC DACAD DDBAD ACBCA 阅读理解CDBA BDBB 任务型阅读

true discovered/found 1933

help

winner succeeded

beat/defeated

high

DADB CCD

cooperation/cooperating travel

句型转换

fond tolerate/stand/bear lying

forbidden

with deserves

figures counts/matters length

Shortly/Soon

单词拼写

secretary present disturb

explorers

astronaut

curious

prevent

effect

coincidence

breathed

作文:

A possible version:

Is Recycling Textbooks a Good Suggestion?

As is known to all, senior students would throw away their

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寒假作业答案

textbooks away when they graduate from school. However, their textbooks are still in good condition. If we just ignore them, it is a great waste of money.

Some people suggest that we should recycle the text-books and I quite agree with them, For one thing, there are millions of students studying in university, middle school and primary school in China. It needs a lot of paper made from wood to print new textbooks. If the graduates leave their old textbooks for the new comers, a great many trees can avoid being cutting down. For another thing, making paper can cause huge pollution. Therefore, saving paper is an effective way to protect the environment. In addition, there are still many people in China living in poverty. The cost for new textbooks is a heavy burden for these poor students. Last but not least, some foreign countries, such as Australia has set a good example for us.

In a word, we should pay more attention to protect our environment. And we can try our best to take part in the campaign. 英语寒假作业二

单选:1-5 ABABD 6-10 CBBDA 11-15 CCABA

16-20 BAACC 21-25 ADDBB 26-30 CACAD 完形:31-35 BABDC

46-50 DCBCB

36-40 AABDB

41-45 DCABC

阅读: 51-55BABDC 56-60 DBBCD 61-65ACDDB

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寒假作业答案

任务型阅读:66. schedule 67. materials 68. notes 69. read 70. overly

71. what 72. concentrate / focus 73. less 74.

understand 75. knowledge

单词拼写: 76survived 77 burying 78 extraordinary 79 adventures 80 occur(r)ed

81schedule 82 Protection/defence 83 dismiss 84

harmony 85 officially

句型转换: 86.no sooner 87. they go 88.looking forward to

89.happened to meet 90.is said to have been going on

91.in case

92.occur(r)ed to me 93.Not until; did he 94.nothing

to do with

95. in preference to

书面表达

One possible version: Dear Toby,

How are you? I’m writing to you to inform you of our traveling schedule.

On the first day, we will take the bus and leave for Nanjing Airport at 7 a.m. We will be flying to Hainan at 9:30 and the flight will take about 3 hours. In the afternoon, we will take a rest at the

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寒假作业答案

hotel so that we can have a good time the following days. On the morning of the second day, we will go to visit the City Plaza and the National Forest Park, where we will see many

interesting trees and plants. After lunch, we will pay a visit to Yalong Beach. There we will be admiring the beautiful scenery and take some photos for memory.

On the third day, we’ll visit Sanya and do some shopping. In the afternoon, we will return to Haikou and then we will be flying back to Nanjing.

Looking forward to meeting you then. 英语寒假作业三

单选1-5 BCDBB 6-10 CBDBD 11-15 ACAAD 16-20 ABDBD 21-25 ABBCC 26-30 BBACD

完型填空31-35 BCBDD 36-40 ACDCC 41-45 BABCD 46-50 CBBDA

阅读理解(A) BBBA (B) CBDC (C) BCA (D) BCBC 任务型阅读

66. Purpose 67. prevent / stop 68. developing 69. decrease 70. Problems

71. Over 72. checking 73. parents 74. free 75. organized / formed 单词拼写:

76. failure 77. contains 78. prefer 79. comfort 80.

4

decline /

寒假作业答案

embarrassed

81. pressure 82. chemicals 83. dieting 84. downtown 85. equipment 完成句子:

86. make the most/best of 87. As a matter fact 88. in the long term

89. end in failure 90. so do 91. in no time 书面表达

One possible version

At the beginning of the term, a campaign “to be a good student and a good citizen” was launched in our school, and great changes have taken place since then.

Before the campaign, we used to be late for school and failed to hand in our homework in time. Often, we forgot to greet our teachers and after class we made loud noises. Worse still, we jumped the queue when waiting for buses and scrambled for seats on board.

However, the campaign have changed us a lot. We are no longer late for school and are more careful in our homework. We have learned to show respect for the elders, help others, wait in line for buses and give up seats to other passengers.

The campaign is a very good experience, from which we have learned a lot. More importantly, we have got rid of many bad habits

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寒假作业答案

and have become better students at school and better citizens in society.

英语寒假作业四

1-5AADDB 6-10 ABADA 11-15 CAABB 16-20ABDCB

21-25ADBBD

26-30DAACB

31-35 BCDAD 36-40 CBCAC 41-45 BDCDA 46-50 BCADC

(A)51-54 ADDB (B) 55-58 BACC (C) 59-61 CBA (D) 62-65 BACD

66. popular 67. best 68. daily 69. overseas / abroad 70.know / learn

76average 77 lately 78 preparations 79 embarrassed 80prefer

81concentrate

82balance

83challenging

84properly 85 independent

86. counts; weight 87. rule ; possibility 88. carried; out 89. staring ; resting 90.greater ; chance Does the amount of donated money matter much?

To help rebuild the quake-striken areas in Sichuan province, people from all walks of life are making donations to offer compassion. But what is the proper amount of money to donate is under discussion among the students, and the opinions are divided as follows. Some students think it necessary to donate as much money as

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寒假作业答案

possible because bigger donations symbolize your love for the victims. In addition, donating more means making greater contributions to the reconstruction of the quake-stricken area, and more victims will be offered help. On the other hand, a bigger donation can make up for the regret that they can’t go there to help as a volunteer.

However, some other students hold a different opinion. They claim that a small donation doesn’t necessarily mean lack of compassion. How much they give should be based on their families’ financial condition. Apart from this, they think since we students are depending on our parents, we had better not compare with each other on the amount of money to donate.

As far as I am concerned, how much money a student donates doesn’t make much difference. What really counts is whether he has done his part. …… Li Ping 英语寒假作业五

1-30.CBCAB DCBCC AACAD DACCA BDDBB BCCBD 31-50.CDABA BDACB DBACC ABBDC 51-65.BDAC ADCA CCAB DCB 66.Weight / Overweight 67. exercising increase 70. Reasons

71. nurses 72. traditional

7

68. Ways/ How 69.

73. aware 74.

寒假作业答案

Limited 75. size

76. supply 77. surrounded 78

frightened/

scared79.adventures80. uncomfortable 81. perfectly 82. included 83. local 84. official 85. published 86.On hot nights, chatting

87.wear, make sure

90.as,

88.Even though/if 89.worry about, in trouble as possible

91.reached to the sky

书面表达: ( One possible version)

Recently I have conducted a survey on whether girls should lose weight among my classmates.

60 percent of the students hold the opinion that girls should lose weight. In their opinion, girls who are slim are more beautiful and attractive, and they are more confident of their study and work than those who are fat.

However, 40 percent of the students have different opinions. They think it is a waste of time and money to lose weight. In addition, losing weight may be harmful to their body and mind.

As far as I am concerned, there is no need for young girls to lose weight as long as they are healthy. After all, nothing is more important than health. It is necessary for girls to stop eating junk food and have a balanced, healthy diet. At the same time, they should exercise regularly. At last, they will make themselves feel

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寒假作业答案

better, look better and have more energy

英语寒假作业六 Keys: 1-5 DBBCD

6-10 DCDCA

11-15 BDBCA

16-20

ACCCD 21-25 CCCAD 26-30 BACDD 31-35 BCDBA 36-40 CDAAC CDADC

51-53 DAC 54—57 DBBA BDCA 任务型: 66. unhappy

67. equally 68. Differences 69.

Fixing

/

58-61 DDAB 62-65 41-45 BDACB

46

50

Focusing / Concentrating

70. opposite 71. Results\\Consequences 72.

73.politely

75. worry

succeed

74. Tips \\ Advice \\ Suggestions\\ Solutions 单词:

76. disappeared 77. creature 78. witnessed 79. survive 80. evidence 81. dismissed 82. journalist 83. convinced 84. statement 85. unexplained 完成句子:

86. in length 87. made copies 88. believed to be 89. As is known 书面表达

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寒假作业答案

One possible version:

Now some parents find it difficult to communicate with their children, and their children also can’t understand what their parents have done to them.

Some parents peep at their children’s diaries; some enter their children’s rooms without knocking; some look through their children’s schoolbags without permission; some read their children’s letters secretly; some even follow their children after school. Are these really good ideas? We are afraid not.

Parents should know teenagers are no longer little girls or boys. As they grow older, they are eager for independence, with the right to keep secrets. Parents should remember what they did at the same age. And the most important is that parents should give them enough respect and understanding. 英语寒假作业七

1-10 CBBDA CBCBA 11-20 ADCCA CBADA 21-30 CDCDB CAABB

完形31-40 BACBB DBAAA 41-50 CBBCD BACBC 阅读理解BCDA BBA DCBD BDAC 任务型阅读

protecting decisions Refuse notice advice/tips anger importance care perform good 单词拼写

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寒假作业答案

treatment independent defend explanation balancing

explorer academic informed vacation work

embarrassed fault reserve harmony endless

coincidence inspire applied status

candidates 英语寒假作业八 单选

DBDCB BCABD CBDBD ADBDC AACAD ACDBC

完型BDACB BDBCA DBCBA CBADA

阅读CAAC ACB DABB DCDD 任务型阅读

66.introduction 67. sets 68. made 69.

along/on

70.

trouble 71. supposed 72. escape 73. adventurous 74. disappearance 75. swimming 单词拼写

76.possibility 77.appropriate 78. unexplained 79. enthusiastic 80. based 81. existence 82.adventure 83. brilliant 84. advanced 85.incident 完成句子

86comes into use 87 has nothing to do 88 On/Upon his arriving

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寒假作业答案

89 paid off 90 resulted in / led to 91 looking up to 92 What is

certain

作文My Opinion on Copying Others’ Homework

It is known to us all that some students copy others’ homework.

As students, we have to do plenty of homework both at school and at home, but sometimes we have too much homework which is too difficult for us. On the other hand, some students are lazy, and are not interested in their lessons, nor do they work hard. So in order to finish the assignments and please their teachers, some students copy others’ homework.

In my opinion, it is wrong to copy others’ homework because it breaks the rules of the schools. We should be honest and try to finish our homework by ourselves instead of by copying. If you have trouble doing your homework you can ask your classmates or teachers for help.

英语寒假作业九

1-30 CDADA CDBAC BCCAC BCAAC BDDBC BBADB 31-50 BCDBC DAABD BCACD BAABD 51-65 AADB CAA DACD ABCD 66-75 . 任务阅读: 66.vocabulary

67.increase/enlarge/expand

68.positive

69.mistakes 70.nervousness 71.important 72.listening

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寒假作业答案

73.Lack 74.passive 75.spoken

76-85 explorers curious preserved coincidence viruses advance survived astronaut candidates prove 86. look up to realize/live 87. required medical exam 88. achievements effect on

89. Based on experiences popular with 90. prepared for locked turned off 书面表达

One possible version:

Should students make friends online?

Some people say yes. The Internet helps students make many friends. Chatting online, students can express their feelings and opinions more freely and even get help with their foreign language studies.

Others, however, think students should not make online friends. They think it a waste of time to make friends online, which should be spent more meaningfully on their studies. Otherwise, their normal studies will be much affected. Besides, some students may even get cheated online.

From my point of view, making friends online is harmful rather than helpful. Students should think of their study, health and safety first. As for friendship, we can easily find it in our classmates and

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寒假作业答案

other people around us. (115words)

英语寒假作业十

一1--20 AACDB DADBC 21-30 AABAB CDCDB

31-35 ACACA 36-40 BDBCB 41-45 DACBB 46-50 DCABA 51-54 CABD 55-58 DABC 59-62 DBBA 63-65 CAD

66. Functional 67. opinions /views /ideas/ thoughts 68. healthier 69. expensive

70. good/beneficial 71. unnatural 72. safe 73. fault 74. organic 75. Support 五:单词拼写 1.

Balance 2. limit 3. handle 4. wisdom 5. challenged 6.

CDCBC

DABCC

independence

7. forbade 8. argument 9. selfish 10. distant 六:完成句子

1. did a good job 2. out of control 3. has gone through 4. have failed 5. are prepared for 七:书面表达

Recently our class have discussed the problem about whether students should lose weight or not.

Seventy percent of the students hold the opinion that students should lose weight. In their opinion, fatness can do harm to students’ health, so it is necessary to go on a diet or take more

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寒假作业答案

exercises to lose weight or stay slim.

However, 30 percent of the students have different opinions. They think it is a waste of time and money to lose weight. Besides, losing weight may be harmful to students’ body and mind. After all, nothing is more important than health.

In my opinion, there is no need to pay too much attention to our weight as long as we are healthy. But if we are getting too fat, we should take more exercise and not eat junk food. Yours Li Hua

高一生物生物学科寒假作业一

参考答案

一、选择题(60分) 题号 1 2 答案 A D 题号 116 7 3 B 18 C 4 B 19 B 5 D 20 A 6 C 21 A 7 A 22 B 8 C 23 C 9 C 24 C 10 D 25 B 11 C 26 B 12 B 27 B 13 A 28 A 14 C 29 A 15 D 30 D 答案 D D 二、解答题(40分)

32、(1) O2 C5 (2) 类囊体(基粒片层结构) 光

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寒假作业答案

(3)暗 叶绿体基质 [H+] ATP (4) 增加 减少

高一生物生物学科寒假作业二

参考答案

一、选择题(60分) 题号 1[ 答案 B 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 A 6 B 7 B 8 A 9 A 10 11 12 13 14 15 A A D A C C 题号 16 17 18 19[ 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 16

寒假作业答案 答案 B

B C C B B B D B A C D B C B 二、非选择题:本题共包括5个小题, 每空1分,共40分 31.(9分)

(1)三肽 1 1 (2) 2 ④ ②③⑤

(3)脱水缩合 36 (4)32.(7分)

(1)低等植物 (2)①叶绿体 (3)DNA (4)⑧内质网(5)②线粒体 (6)纤维素 (7)哺乳动物成熟的红细胞 33.(9分)

(1)光反应 类囊体 (2)暗反应 基质 (3)有氧呼吸 第三 (4)线粒体,细胞质基质

(5)降低,减少呼吸作用对有机物的消耗 34.(7分)

(1)质壁分离 外界溶液浓度大于细胞液浓度 (2)3、2、6 1 (3)清水 质壁分离复原 (4)外界溶液 35.(8分)

(1)B 此处细胞排列紧密,呈正方形 (2)右上 (3)细准焦螺旋

(4)分裂间 间期时间最长 (5)染色质(染色体) 碱

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寒假作业答案

2012——2013年高一政治寒假作业 政治(一)参考答案

1-31 AABAC BBDBC DDCDA AAAAD BDB CC DDDCD B 32、解析:运用消费对生产的反作用的几个表现,结合材料展开说明即可。

(1)消费对生产具有反作用。消费是生产的动力,一个消费热点的出现,往往带动另外新的经济增长点的出现。

(2)新的消费热点出现,有利于提高居民的生活水平。

(3)住房、通讯、汽车等消费热点的出现.不仅有利于带动房地产、汽车、装修等行业的发展.刺激投资,增加就业,而且能够带动相关产业的发展,优化国民经济结构。

33、解析:材料一所述乡镇企业和材料二所述公司的做法都是不台法的。作为企业职工.应按照劳动合同履行自已的义务,当自身的合法权益受到侵犯时,应依法请求劳动仲裁部门进行调解。如果对仲裁不服,还可直接向人民法院起诉。

34、解析:看清楚有两层意思:要不要坚持公有制?如何坚持公有制?围绕这两层分析并作出判断即可。

(1)公有制是社会主义的基本经济特征,是社会主义经济制度的基础,我国经济的改革和发展必须坚持公有制的主体地位不动摇。

(2)公有制为主体表现在公有资产在社会总资产中占优势,国有经济控制国民经济命脉,对经济发展起主导作用。而不是简单地通过比重的高低来体现。

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寒假作业答案

(3)随着我国所有制经济的调整和完善,国有经济会退出一些经济领域,这会使公有制的比重进一步降低。但只要同有经济控制了重要行业和关键领域,公有制的主体地位不仅不会削弱.而且会进一步巩固。

35、解析经济活动实际上是各个利益主体的博弈行为,大家都要追求利益的最大化。因此利率调整的影响涉及到消费者、企业和整个社会,既有短期的影响,也有长期的影响.既要看到局部的影响,更要看到全局的影响,不能其看一个方面。

(1)利率是国家调节货币供求,稳定宏观经济的重要杠杆。

(2)对居民而言,国家上调银行利率.的确会增加居民的储蓄收益,是好消息。但是如果物价上涨幅度更大,则居民的实际收益不一定提高。

(3)对企业而言,提高利率有利于抑制企业的投资冲动,平衡社会总供求,而且减少了企业发生投资风险的机会,有利于企业的稳健发展。

36、解析:该题主要考查消费对生产的反作用.第一问是从宏观的角度来分析.第二问是从微观的角度来分析。要点提示

(1) ①生产发展水平决定消费水平。我国国民经济的持续较快增长,使城乡居民的收入和生活水平不断提高,总体实现小康水平。②生产的发展促进了消费结构从低层次的生存型向高层次的发展和享受型的转化。我国的消费结构在实现总体小康后,正进入一个新的消费周期。③消费是生产的动力,消费需求的增长会推动生产量的增长。国家实施扩大内需的政策,有利于发挥投资(也转化为消费)和消费对经济的双重拉动作用。一个新的消费热点的出现往往带来新的经济增长点.我国居民消费结构的升级换代必然会为国民经济的持续发展带来新的经济增长点。

(2)企业是赢利为目的的经济组织。居民消费结构的升缓换代对企业而言就是商机.企业要制定正确的经营战略,抢占市场制高点,生产出适合城乡居民消费需要的产品,要调整产品结构.提高产品质量;要重视服务,诚信经营。

政治(二)参考答案

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寒假作业答案

1-33 BBACA BDDAD BCDAC BADCC CABBD DCDCB CBC

34、答:人民币属于纸币。纸币是国家发行的强制使用的货币符号,国家发行纸币以流通中所需货币量为限度。纸币发行量超过流通中所需要的数量,会引起纸币贬值,物价上涨,出现通货膨胀,影响人民的生活和正常的社会经济秩序。因此,社会主义现代化建设过程中面临的资金不足问题,不能通过发行纸币来解决。

纸币是代替金属货币执行流通手段,流通中的实际需要的货币量是受客观规律支配的。如果纸币发行太少,就会使一部分商品不能售出,同样会影响人民的生活和正常的社会经济秩序。因此,纸币的发行不是越多越好,也不是越少越好。甲、乙同学的观点都是片面的。 35、答:(1)商品价格的“度”是指商品的价值。

(2)在市场经济条件下,如果完全由市场决定价格,市场经济的自发性也会导致离谱的价格。 (3)由于价格太离谱,价格高于价值太多,消费者将不再购买,造成商品卖不出去,生产者和经营者将不能实现商品价值,赚不到利润,也将无法进行扩大再生产。

36、答:32元。这说明如果企业的个别劳动时间低于社会必要劳动时间,商品仍然按照社会必要劳动时间出售,那么该企业将获得更多的利润。

37、答:(1)这句话是在我国国内市场告别短缺经济,进入买方市场的情况下提出来的。为此,我们要做具体分析。

(2)生产决定消费,消费对生产具有反作用。消费是生产的目的和动力,消费调节生产。因此,拉动经济增长,必须扩大消费,而要扩大消费,消费方式和消费观念都必须改变。目前,兴起的信贷消费,有利于刺激消费扩大内需,从这个角度看,“花明天的钱,圆今天的梦”应积极提倡。 (3)居民的消费水平是与一国经济发展相一致的。我国还是一个发展中国家,人们的消费水平还不高。因此,我们要树立正确的消费观念,还要提倡适度消费。要反对两种不正确的消费观:一是不顾生产发展的可能提出过高消费要求(超前消费);一是在生产发展允许的限度内不去适度消费而一味限制消费(抑制消费)。

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寒假作业答案

(4)我们目前提倡改变消费观念并不是鼓励人们去追求不切实际的消费,而是追求合理的消费。 38、答:本题可以从国家和个人两个角度思考。从国家角度考虑,可以从经济手段、法律手段以及教育宣传等方面提出建议。从个人角度考虑,可以就自己应该如何做提出具体措施。本题答案具有开放性,但提出的建议必须是建设性的,并且是切实可行的。

政治(三)

参考答案

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B 21 A D C 22 23 C 24 C D A D C 25 A 26 C 27 28 D A 29 30 A 11 12 13 B 33 14 B 34 15 16 17 18 19 20 D C 31 C 32 D D D C 35 36 37 38 B D B 39 40 A B A D B D B A D A C D C 41.(1)“国家政策引导”:体现了发展社会主义市场经济需要国家的宏观调控。(1分) “市场运作”:体现了社会主义市场经济条件下,市场调节在资源配置中起基础性作用。(1分)

(2)①市场能够通过价格涨落比较及时、准确、灵活地反映出供求关系变化,传递供求信息,实现资源合理配置。(2分)面对市场竞争,商品生产者、经营者在利益杠杆的作用下,积极调整生产经营活动,从而推动科学技术和经营管理的进步,促进劳动生产率的提高和资源的有效利用。(2分)

②加强国家宏观调控,不仅是为了弥补市场调节的不足,更是由我国社会主义性质决定的。社会主义公有制及共同富裕目标要求国家必须发挥宏观调控职能。(4分)

42.

(1)苏北五市在2009年前三个季度经济有了快速发展,居民收入和消费水平有了明显提高,发展

速度和提高幅度均高于全省平均水平。(4分) (2)提高自主创新能力,经济发展要依靠科技进步和自主创新。 加快转变经济发展方式,推动产业结构优化升级。 统筹城乡发展,建设社会主义新农村。

加强能源资源节约和生态环境保护,增强可持续发展能力。

推动区域经济协调发展,相对落后的地区要加快发展速度,缩小区域发展差距。(12分)

政治(四)

21

寒假作业答案

参考答案

1—10 ABCDDCBCDD 11—20 CBAABDDDCD 21—30CCCDCABABC 31—40 BBABBABBAB

41、(1)我国城乡居民恩格尔系数持续下降表明人们生活水平提高,消费结构改善。2分 (2)A、我国现阶段的基本经济制度,适应了社会主义初级阶段生产力发展不平衡、多层次的状况,符合社会主义的本质要求。

B、完善现阶段的基本经济制度有利于促进生产力的发展,有利于增强综合国力,有利于提高人民生活水平。2分

(3)适当的存款储蓄——便捷的投资,收益最低,风险小。

购买国债——稳健的投资,收益高于同期的存款储蓄,风险小,信用度高,流通性强, 适当购买商业保险——规避风险的有效措施。

适量购买股票——高风险、高收益的投资。(任意3点,共6分)

42.(1)①供求影响价格,商品供过于求,价格下降。近年来,我国家电行业产能过剩,导致家电产品不断降低(3分)。②价值决定价格,商品的价值量变小,价格降低。随着生产技术的改进,生产家电的社会劳动生产率不断提高,这是家电产品价格不断降低的根本原因。(3分)

(2)①价格能调节生产 。该公司应通过产品推广,引导和扩大市场需求。如果纸电池供不应求,价格高于价值,获利增加,会吸引投资流入纸电池生产领域。

② 刺激该公司提高劳动生产率。该公司应通过改进技术、加强经营管理降低个别劳动时间,使自己在竞争中处于有利地位,赢得投资者的信心。

③该公司努力向社会提供高质量的产品,诚信经营,通过树立良好的信誉和形象以吸引更多的投资者加盟。(6分)

43.(1)①“肉贵了就多吃菜,菜贵了就多吃肉”体现了肉和菜是互为替代品,一种商品价格上升,消费者将减少对该商品的需求量,转而消费另一种商品,导致对另一种商品需求量的增加;②“都贵了就少买点,搭配吃”体现了价格变动会影响人们的消费需求和购买力,一般来说,当某种商品价格上升时,人们会减少对它的购买;③价格变动对不同商品影响程度不同,对生活必需品影响小,不会引起消费者对其需求量的急剧减少。(每点2分,共6分)

(2)甲同学的观点属于攀比心里引发的消费。此种消费心里不健康,不应提倡。3分

乙同学的观点属于求实心里引发的消费,这种消费观念是比较成熟和理性的。3分 (3)①量入为出。适度消费,在自己的承受能力之内消费;(1.5分)②避免盲从,理性消

费,承担社会责任;(1.5分)③保护环境,绿色消费,增强可持续的消费理念;(1.5分)④勤俭节约,艰苦奋斗,反对铺张浪费。(1.5分)

22

寒假作业答案

集合与函数

15.(1)当m??1时,B??x?1?x?2?,?A?B??x1?x?2?,A?B??xx??1?; (2)若B?A,则m的取值范围为?1,???. 16.

17解:(1)f(1)?f(1?1)?f(1)?f(1)?2f(1) ∴f(1)?0 (2)证明:对于任意x1,x2?(0,??),有

f(x1)?f(x2?x1x2)?f(x2)?f(x1x2)

∴ f(x1x2)?f(x1)?f(x2)

(3)∵ f(4)?1 ∴ 3f(4)?,3 即f(64)?3, 由f(3x?1)?f(2x?6)?3, 得f[(3x?1)(2x?6)]?3 即 f[(3x?1)(2x?6)]?f(64), 又f(x)在(0,??)上是增函数,

?3x?1?0?∴ ?2x?6?0?(3x?1)(x2??

?6)64解得 {x|?

73?x??13或?13?x?3或3?x?5}.

23

寒假作业答案

18.解:(Ⅰ)∵a>0,∴所以抛物线开口向上且对称轴为x=1. ∴函数f(x)在[2,3]上单调递增. 由条件得

?f(2)?2?2?b?2,即?,解得a=1,b=0. ………………………6分 ?f(3)?33a?2?b?3??(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知a=1,b=0.

∴f(x)=x2?2x+2,从而g(x)=x2?(m+3)x+2. ………………………8分 若g(x)在[2,4]上递增,则对称轴x?m?32m?32?2,解得m≤1;……………………11分

若g(x)在[2,4]上递减,则对称轴x??4,解得m≥5,……………………14分

故所求m的取值范围是m≥5或m≤1. ………………………………… 20(1)y???1,15? (2)y????,??

3???1? (3)令t? 则x?21.

1?2x,t?0

1?t22,y?1?t22?t???t?1??2221??y????,? 2? ? 24

寒假作业答案

平面向量

3

1. 答.-

2

2. 答案:.垂直

解析:∵(a+b)(a-b)=a 2-b2=|a|2-|b|2=0,∴(a+b)⊥(a-b)·. 3.答案: ⑤

解析:①单位向量方向不确定,故不一定相等,所以命题①错误; ②方向相反的向量一定是共线向量,故命题②错误; ③两向量不能比较大小,故命题③错误; ④0与任意向量平行,故命题④错误;

25

寒假作业答案

⑤命题⑤正确.

4、解:AB=OB-OA=(4,m-2),

由两非零向量垂直的充要条件可得-1×4+2(m-2)=0, 解得m=4. 5.答案:.2

2解析:∵AB?BC?AC,∴a+b=c,∴a+b+c=2c,∴|2c|=2

2.

6、解:∵(|a+b|)2=(a+b)2=a2+2a·b+b2=|a|2+2|a||b|cosθ+|b|2

23

∴162=82+2×8×10cosθ+102, ∴cosθ= ,∴θ≈55°

40

7.解析:|a+b|=|a-b|?|a+b|2=| a-b|2?(a+b)2=(a-b)2?a2+2a·b+b2?a2-2 a·b+b2?a·b=0?a⊥b

8、解:∵a+b=(e1+2e2)+(2e1+e2)=3(e1+e2),

∴|a+b|=|3(e1+e2)|=3|(e1+e2)|=3

(e1+e2)2

2.

=3e12+2 e1·e2+e22 =3|e1|2?2|e1||e2|cos45??|e2|2=32?9、答案:.25 解析:由题意设P(x,0),Q(0,y),由中点坐标公式可得

解得x=-2,y=4,∴|PQ|=(?2)?4?22x2=-1,

y2=2

20?25.

10、解:a+λb=(1,0)+λ(1,1)=(1+λ,λ)

∵(a+λb)⊥a, ∴(a+λb)·a=0 ∴(1+λ)+0·λ=0,

∴λ=-1 即当λ=-1时,a+λb与a垂直.

11、解:|a+b|2=(a+b)2=a2+2a·b+b2=|a|2+2|a||b|cos30°+|b|2=(3)2+2×3×2×

32+22=13 ∴|a+b|=13,∵|a-b|2=(a-b)2=a2-2a·b+b2=|a|2-2|a||b|cos30°+

26

寒假作业答案

b2=(3)2-2×3×2×

32+22=1 ∴|a-b|=1

12.解:若c⊥d,则c·d=0 ∴(3a+5b)(ma-3 b)=0 ·∴3m|a|2+(5m-9)a·b-15|b|2=0

∴3m|a|2+(5m-9)|a|| b |cos60°-15|b|2=0 即27m+3(5m-9)-60=0 解得m=13.答案:120°

解析:∵m·n=|m||n|cos60°=∴|a|=2(m?n)2?122914.

7,|b|=(?3m?2n)2?7

∴a·b=(2 m+n)(-3m+2 n)=-6 m 2+2 n2+m·n=-6+2+

12=-

72

∴cosα=

a?b|a||b|??12,∴α=120°

14、设实数x、y满足c=xa+yb ,则有(x+y,x-y)=(-1,2),所以??x?y??1?x?y?2.解得

x=

12,y=-

32. 故C=

12a-

32b

15.设e1,e2是两个不共线的向量,已知AB=2e1+k e 2,CB=e1+3 e 2,CD=2e1-e 2,若A、B、D三点共线,求k的值.

分析:由于A、B、D三点共线,因此存在实数λ,使AB=λBD,而BD=CD-CB=e 1-4e2,将AB、BD的e1、e2表达式代入上式,再由向量相等的条件得到关于λ、k的方程组,便可求得k的值.

解:BD=CD-CB=(2 e 1-e2)-(e 1+3e2)=e1-4e2,

27

寒假作业答案

∵A、B、D三点共线,∴存在实数λ,使AB=λBD,∴2 e 1+ke2=λ(e 1-4e2) 于是可得??2???k??4?,解得k=-8.

评述:此题解答关键是应用两个向量共线的充要条件,要注意两个向量共线和三点共线的区别和联系.

16.已知a、b是两个非零向量,当a+tb(t∈R)的模取最小值时,

(1)求t的值; (2)求证b⊥(a+tb).

分析:利用|a+tb|2=(a+tb)2进行转换,可讨论有关|a+tb|的最小值问题,若能算得b·(a+tb)=0,则证明了b⊥(a+tb).

(1)解:设a与b的夹角为θ 则|a+tb|2=(a+tb)2 =a2+2a·tb+t2b2

=|a|2+2t|a||b|cosθ+t2|b|2 =|b|2t2+(2|a||b|cosθ)t+|a|2 =|b|2(t+

|a||b| cosθ)2+|a|2sin2θ

∴当t=-

|a||b|cosθ=-

|a||b|cos?|b|2??a?b|b|2时,|a+tb|有最小值.

(2)证明:b·(a+tb)=b·(a-

a?b|b|2·b)=a·b-

a?b|b|2·b·b=a·b-a·b=0

∴b⊥(a+t b).

评述:对|a+tb|变形,可以从两个角度进行思考,一是通过|a+t b |2=(a+t b)2的数量积运算;二是通设坐标化思想,进行向量的坐标运算,从而达到求解求证目的. 17.如图所示,OADB是以向量OA=a,OB=b为边的平行四边形,又BM=

28

13BC,CN=

13CD,

寒假作业答案

试用a,b表示OM,ON,MN.

解:BA?OA?OB=a-b ∵BM?131616BC?BA?(a-b)

∴OM?OB?BM=b+又由OD=a+b,得 ON?12OD?16OD?2316(a-b)=

16a+

56b

OD?23a+

2316b

MN?ON?OM?(23a+

23b)-(a+

56b)=

12a-

16b

评述:由于a,b不共线,因此a,b构成平行四边形OADB所在平面的一组基底,用它们可以表示出这个平面内的任何向量,将所要用a,b表示的向量连同a,b设法放在一个三角形或平行四边形内,是解决此类问题的常见方法.

18.设i,j是平面直角坐标系内x轴,y轴正方向上的两个单位向量,且AB=4i+2j,AC=3i+4j,证明△ABC是直角三角形,并求它的面积.

解:BC?AC?AB=(3i+4j)-(4i+2j)=-i+2j 又i⊥j,∴i·j=0

∵AB·BC=(4i+2j)(-i+2j)=-4i2+6i·j+4j2=0,∴AB⊥BC ∴△ABC是直角三角形, ∴S=

1212AB|·|BC|=

×25×5=5

19.已知△ABC中,A(2,-1),B(3,2),C(-3,-1),BC边上的高为AD,求点D和向量

29

寒假作业答案

AD的坐标.

解:设点D坐标(x,y),由AD是BC边上的高可得AD⊥BC,且B、D、C共线,

??AD?BC?0∴? ??CD//DB∴??(x?2,y?1)?(?6,?3)?0?(x?3)(2?y)?(3?x)(y?1)?0??6(x?2)?3(y?1)?0?(x?3)(2?y)?(3?x)(y?1)?0

∴?

∴??2x?y?3?0?x?2y?1?0?x?1?y?1

解得? ∴点D坐标为(1,1),AD=(-1,2)

20.已知O为△ABC所在平面内一点,且满足|OA|2?|BC|2?|OB|2?|CA|2?|OC|2 ?|AB|2.

求证:O点是△ABC的垂心

证明:设OA=a,OB=b,OC=c,则BC=c-b,CA=a-c,AB=b-a. ∵|OA|2+|BC|2=|OB|2+|CA|2=|OC|2+|AB|2 ∴a2+(c-b)2=b2+(a-c)2=c2+(b-a)2 即c·b=a·c=b·a,

故AB·OC=(b-a)·c=b·c-a·c=0

BC·OA=(c-b)·a=c·a-b·a=0

∴AB⊥OC,BC⊥OA, ∴点O是△ABC的垂心.

综合练习一参考答案

?5πkππkπ?101、a?1 2、??3,2? 3、??2,2? 4、3 5、?-+,+? (k∈Z) 6、 13?242242?

30

寒假作业答案

π??2?2???7.2k??,2k??(k?Z) 8、2? 9、 10、1 11、 12、

?433?32??13、2 14、 ④②或②⑥_

15、?1?因为a?3,所以N=?x4?x?7?,?CRN??xx?4或x?7 又M??x?2?x?5??M??CRN???x?2?x?4?

(2)若M≠?,由M?N?M,得N?M,所以

?

a+1≥-2??

?2a+1≤5??2a+1≥a+1

.解得0≤a≤2;

当M=?,即2a+1<a+1时,a<0,此时有N?M, 所以a<0为所求.

综上,实数a的取值范围是(-∞,2].

16.原式=6

17.解析 以O为原点,OA所在直线为x轴建立平面直角坐标系,那么OA=(2,0),OC=(2

3,

?1→→→?3?13?2),OB=?-,?,设OC=nOA+mOB,即(23,2)=?2n-m,m?,所以23=2n22?22???

-m, ①

22=

321

m. ②

3,所以OC=

433→

4

将①②联立解得m=n=3

OA+

43→3

OB.

18.【解答】 (1)f(x)=

1

?π??2π?1-cos?2x-?1+cos?2x-?

3?3?1??

22+2

+sin2x

2

?π?

=1+(sin2x-cos2x)=sin?2x-?+1.

224??

ππ3π

当2x-=2kπ+,即x=kπ+,k∈Z时,

4282

f(x)得最大值为+1.

2

31

寒假作业答案

ππππ3π

(2)由2kπ-≤2x-≤2kπ+,得kπ-≤x≤kπ+,k∈Z.

24288

?3π??7π?

又因为0≤x≤π,所以f(x)在[0,π]上的增区间为?0,?和?,π?

8??8??

19.解析 (1)由已知条件,可得|a|2=4,a·b=|a|·|b|cos θ=2cos θ,θ∈[0,π],∵关于x的一元二次方程x2+|a|x+a·b=0有实根,∴Δ=|a|2-4a·b=4(1-2cos θ)≥0,

?π?

得cos θ≤,解得θ∈?,π?.

2?3?

(2)f(θ)=2sin θcos θ-2=sin 2θ-

3cos2θ+

3

3(2cos2θ-1)

1

?π?

=sin 2θ-3cos 2θ=2sin?2θ-?,

3??

?π?π?π5π??π?

∵θ∈?,π?,∴2θ-∈?,?,得sin?2θ-?∈[-1,1],

3?33?3??3??

5π11π

∴当θ=时,f(x)max=2;当θ=时,f(x)min=-2.

1212

20.(1)方程|f(x)|?g(x),即|x2?1|?a|x?1|,变形得|x?1|(|x?1|?a)?0,

显然,x?1已是该方程的根,从而欲原方程只有一解,即要求方程|x?1|?a, 有且仅有一个等于1的解或无解,

结合图形得a?0.

因为当x?1时,?(x)?2,当x?1时,?(x)??2, 所以?(x)??2,故此时a≤?2.

?3??k??,k?????k?Z??3?88?综合练习三 1、1 2、2 3、?? 4、 5、?

218???1,??17?5 9、 10、? 11、 12、-1 13、1 14、_-2_

232

6、

14 7、?17 8、

寒假作业答案

15、解:(1)f(x)?32sin2x?12cos2x?1?cos2x2?32sin2x

=3sin2x?cos2x?12=2sin(2x??6)?12

5 所以函数f(x)的最大值是,最小正周期为?。

2?15c?(2)f()=2sin(C?)?=, 所以sin(C?)?1,

62262又C为?ABC的内角 所以C??3,

又因为在?ABC 中, cosB=

13, 所以 sinB?2312, 所以 3sinA?sin(B?C)?sinBcosC?cosBsinC?232??13?32?22?63

16、

????????11117.(1)因为OP?OQ??,所以sin2??cos2???,

222即(1?cos2?)?cos2???2112,所以cos2??1323,

2所以cos2??2cos??1?.…………………………………………………………6分

132 (2)因为 cos??232,所以sin??,所以点P(,),点Q(,?1),

23345121 又点P(,)在角?的终边上,所以sin??2312,cos??35 .

同理 sin???31010,cos??1010,

45101035310101010所以sin(???)?sin?cos??cos?sin??18.

???(?)??

?1?f?x???2x2??a?b?x,x??0,b??2?当b

219、20、略(强化班).解:(Ⅰ)g(x)?ax?2ax?1?b(a?0),因为a?0,

33

寒假作业答案

所以g?x?在区间[2,3]上是增函数,故??a?1?b?0??g?2??1??g?3??4,

解得?;…………………………5分

(Ⅱ)由已知可得f(x)?g(|x|)?x?2x?1为偶函数,

2

所以不等式f(log2k)?f(2)可化为log2k?2,……………8分 解得k?4或0?k?14;…………………………10分

(Ⅲ)函数f?x?为[1,3]上的有界变差函数。 因为函数f?x?为[1,3]上的单调递增函数,

且对任意划分T:1?x0?x1???xi?1?xi???xn?3 有f?1??f?x0??f?x1????f?xn?1??f?xn??f?3?

所以?|f(xi)?(xi?1)|?f?x1??f?x0??f?x2??f?x1???f?xn??f?xn?1?

i?1n?f?xn??f?x0??f?3??f?1??4

所以存在常数M,使得?i?1n|m|(xi)?m(xi?1)|?M恒成立。……………14分

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