6 Unit 3 Groundless Beliefs

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任教课程：《综合英语》（二） 年 月 日

Unit 3

一、授课时间：第6-7周

二．授课类型：课文分析10课时；习题讲解2课时 三．授课题目：Groundless Beliefs 四．授课时数：12

五．教学目的和要求：

通过讲授课文使学生了解文章开门见山，通过假设的方式提出观点，即日常生活中遇到的很多观点都是毫无根据的。接着深入探讨分析，分别论述了毫无根据的观点的五种不同来源。最后，作者深化主题、鼓励读者以清晰、理性的方式来思考问题，勇于承认事实，并不惜代价追求真理以避免形成毫无根据的观点。学会用英语解释句子以达到学以致用的目的。要求学生主动地预习课文，课前准备练习，学会分析文章体裁和进行段落划分。 六．教学重点和难点：

1）背景知识的传授：Polygamy; Infanticide; Headhunting; Gladiatorial fighting; Dueling; Galileo Galilei; Prohibition; William James

2）文章的体裁分析及段落划分；

3）语言点的理解：

Groundless; proposition; rest upon/on sth.; assertion; a shadow of; uncritically; staunch;

be consistent with sth.; fit in with sb./sth.; be on sb?s guard; enquire into sth.; in (the) light of sth.; beyond question

Grammar Focus: Learn to use abbreviated adverbial clauses; Learn more about the

subjunctive mood

七．教学基本内容和纲要 Part One Warm – up 1.1 Warm-up Questions

1. What is the author talking about here? Why do you think he wrote this article?

2. What is your overall impression of this essay? Do you find any points raised by the author particular enlightening?

3. Do you agree that many of our beliefs are actually groundless? Think carefully and list at least 10 of your strongly-held convictions which, upon serious examination, must be classified as groundless. Try and analyze why now you think they are groundless.

4. Can you think of some personal convictions that you are determined not to give away although their logical ground is highly questionable? Can you explain why?

5. Why do we have to bother whether our beliefs are well-grounded or not？As most of us will probably be translators or interpreters rather than important decision-makers, can?t we just take orders, get things done, and earn our honest living?

6. Do you have anything in your mind to challenge the author? Are his views about groundless beliefs well-grounded themselves? Part Two Background Information

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任教课程：《综合英语》（二） 年 月 日

2.1 Author

2.2 Catholic Belief; Presbyterian Belief; Aristotle vs. Galileo; William James; The Principles of Psychology; Headhunting in South Asia; Gladiatorial Games Part Three Text Appreciation 3.1 Text Analysis

3.1.1 Theme of the text 3.1.2 Structure of the text 3.2 Writing Devices

3.2.1 Ellipsis: A figure of speech characterized by the omission of one or more words that, while essential to the grammatic structure of the sentence, are easily supplied by the reader. 3.3 Sentence Paraphrase Part Four Language Study 4.1 Phrases and Expressions 4.1.1 Word list:

4.1.2 Phrases and expressions list: 4.1.3 Word Building 4.2 Grammar 4.2.1 Object

Part Five Extension 5.1 Group discussion 5.2 Debating 八、教学方法和措施

本单元将运用黑板、粉笔、多媒体网络辅助教学设备等教学手段，主要采用以学生为主体、教师为主导的任务型、合作型等教学模式，具体运用教师讲授法、师生讨论、生生讨论等方法进行教学。

九．作业，讨论题，思考题

完成课后练习；

多看英语报刊杂志及英语经典小说，扩大阅读量； 精听与泛听相结合，逐步提高自己的听力水平； 积极参加英语角等有助于提高英语口语的活动； 坚持用英语写日记； 做一些专四相关练习；

十．参考资料：

1) 杨立民主编,《现代大学英语精读》（4）第二版，学生用书。北京：外语教学与研

究出版社,2012。

2) 杨立民主编,《现代大学英语精读》（4）第二版，教师用书。北京：外语教学与研

究出版社,2012。 3) 李观仪主编，《新编英语教程》（第三、四册）。上海:上海外语教学研究出版, 1999。 4) 黄源深，虞苏美等主编，《综合英语教程》（1-4册）。北京：高等教育出版社，1998。 5) 《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》，北京：外语教学研究出版社，2000。 6) Judy Pearsall主编，《新牛津英语词典》。上海：上海外语教育出版社，1998。

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任教课程：《综合英语》（二） 年 月 日

7) 丁往道、吴冰等编著，《英语写作手册》。北京：外语教学与研究出版社。

8) 张道真，《现代英语用法词典》（重排本）。北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1994。 9) 张道真，温志达, 《英语语法大全》上、下卷。北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1998。 十一、课后小结

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任教课程：《综合英语》（二） 年 月 日

Unit 3

Text A Groundless Beliefs

Part One Warm – up

1.1 Warm-up Questions

1. What is the author talking about here? Why do you think he wrote this article?

2. What is your overall impression of this essay? Do you find any points raised by the author particular enlightening?

3. Do you agree that many of our beliefs are actually groundless? Think carefully and list at least 10 of your strongly-held convictions which, upon serious examination, must be classified as groundless. Try and analyze why now you think they are groundless.

4. Can you think of some personal convictions that you are determined not to give away although their logical ground is highly questionable? Can you explain why?

5. Why do we have to bother whether our beliefs are well-grounded or not？As most of us will probably be translators or interpreters rather than important decision-makers, can?t we just take orders, get things done, and earn our honest living?

6. Do you have anything in your mind to challenge the author? Are his views about groundless beliefs well-grounded themselves?

Part Two Background Information

2.1 Catholic Belief

To gain the happiness of heaven we must know, love, and serve God in this world. Man must know, love and serve God in a supernatural manner in order to gain happiness of heaven. Man is raised to the supernatural order only by grace恩泽, a free gift of God. We learn to know, love, and serve God from Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who teaches us through the Catholic Church. “In order to be saved, all persons who have attained the use of reason must believe explicitly that God exists and that he rewards the good and punishes the wicked; in practice they must also believe in the mysteries of the Blessed Trinity and the Incarnation.

By the Blessed Trinity we mean one and the same God in three divine persons, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost.圣父、圣子、圣灵By the Incarnation is meant that the Son of God, retaining His divine nature, took to Himself a human nature, that is, a body and soul like ours. （教堂里的）会众；集会；集合；人群

The Church is the congregation of all baptized persons united in the same true faith, the same sacrifice, and the same sacraments, （天主教的）圣事；圣礼under the authority of the Sovereign Pontiff罗马教皇 and the bishops in communion with him.

We find the chief truths taught by Jesus Christ through the Catholic Church in the Apostles' Creed.宗徒信经

2.2 Presbyterian Belief

We believe the Bible is the written word of God, inspired by the Holy Spirit and without error

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任教课程：《综合英语》（二） 年 月 日

in the original manuscripts. The Bible is the revelation of God’s truth and is infallible一贯正确的and authoritative权威的;威严的;有威信的in all matters of faith and practice.

We believe in the Holy Trinity. There is one God, who exists eternally in three persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.

We believe that all are sinners and totally unable to save themselves from God’s displeasure, except by His mercy.

We believe that Jesus Christ is the eternal Son of God, who through His perfect life and sacrificial death atoned for赎罪the sins of all who will trust in Him, alone, for salvation.

We believe that the Holy Spirit indwells God’s people and gives them the strength and wisdom to trust Christ and follow Him.

We believe that Jesus will return, bodily and visibly, to judge all mankind and to receive His people to Himself.

2.3 Aristotle (384-322 BC.):

Let me introduce myself, I am Aristotle. I lived from 384-322 B.C., I was a pupil of Plato, another Greek philosopher. Most do not realize that I was a tutor of Alexander the Great. My authorship includes works on ethics, logic, metaphysics, natural sciences, politics, and poetry. Some say I had a profound influence on current Western thought. My philosophical system theory follows empirical observation and logic--the essential method of rational inquiry. 2.4 Galileo (1564 -- 1642).

Galileo was an astronomer and mathematician, born in Pisa, Italy. He entered Pisa University as a medical student in 1581, and became professor of mathematics at Padua (1592--1610), where he improved the refracting telescope (1610), and was the first to use it for astronomy. 帕多瓦（意大利东北部城市）; 折射望远镜Among his other discoveries were the law of uniformly accelerated motion towards the Earth, the parabolic path of projectiles, and the law that all bodies have weight. 匀加速运动规律; 弹丸的抛物线轨迹 2.5 William James (1842-1910)

1842 - Born. New York City, January 11

1861- Enters Lawrence Scientific School, Harvard University 1864 - William enters Harvard Medical School. 1890 - Publication of The Principles of Psychology. 1910 - Died. Chocorua, August 26, at the age of 68. The Principles of Psychology

Jame?s analysis of the stream of thought His characterization of the self His theory of emotion.

His analysis of the stream of thought

James's analysis of the stream of thought consisted of a number of components.

The first of these components was an attack on the idea that sensations constituted the fundamental elements of consciousness. Sensation, James argued, was an abstraction from not a fact of experience.

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necessary. What do you think of this? Shouldn?t we value some beliefs simply because they are important and useful.

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