有机化学第二版 - 夏百根 - 黄乾明 - 主编 - 课后答案 - 图文

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第二章 烷烃作业参考答案

1、 共有九种:

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3CH2CH3-CH-CH-CH2-CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3CH3CH3CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CCH3

2、(1)3-甲基戊烷 (2)2,5-二甲基-3,4-二乙基己烷

(3)2,2,3,4-四甲基戊烷 (4)2-甲基-5-乙基庚烷 (5)2-甲基-3-环丁基丁烷

(6)顺-1-甲基-3-乙基环戊烷(7)反-1-甲基-4-乙基环己烷 (8)1-甲基-4-乙基-3-叔丁基环己烷 3、(1) (2)

CH3CH3-C-CH2CH3CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3CH3

CH2CH3CH3HC(CH3)3CH-CH3CH3

(3) (4)

4、(1) (2)

CH3CH3-CH-CH-CH-CH-CH3HCH3CH2CH3CH3

CH3

5、(1)错。改为:2,2-二甲基丁烷

(2)错。改为:2,2,5-三甲基-4-乙基己烷 (3)正确 (4)错。改为:2,2-二甲基丁烷

CH3CH3CH3-C-CH-CH-CH3CH3-CH-C-CH2-CH3CH3-C-CH2-CH-CH3CH3CH2-CCH-CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3

6、(1)改为:

CH3HH3CHC2H5HCH3CH2CHCH2CH3CH3 3-甲基戊烷

(2)

CH(CH3)2HH3CCH3HCl

ClCH3-CH2-C-CH(CH)2CH3

2,3-二甲基2-氯丁烷

7、C1-C2旋转:

CHOH25HOH

HOHC2H5HOHHHHHHHHHHHHC2H5HC2H5H 优势构象 C2-C3旋转:

H3CCH2OHHCH2OHCH3HCH2OHCH2OHHH

HHHHHHHHHHCH3HCH3H 优势构象 8、(1) (2) (3)

CH3CH2CH2CH3

CH2CH3OHCH2CH3CH(CH3)2 9、(1)>(2)>(3)>(4)

H3C

10、

CH3A:CH3-C-CH3CH3B:CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3C:CH3-CH-CH2-CH3CH3

11、 (4) > (3) > (1) >(2) 12、

CH3

CH3CH2CH3CH3褪色:Br2水不褪色:CH3CH2CH3

14(1)

CH3HI

(2)

C2H5CH3CH3-CH-CH2CH3I

CH2CH2CH3CH2CH2CH3H2SO4CH3-CH2-CCH3H2OCH3-CH2-COHCH3OSO3H

第三章 烯烃 炔烃 二烯烃习题参考答案

1、(1)2-甲基-4-乙基-3-己烯 (2)(Z)-3-甲基-2-戊烯 (3)4-甲基-2-丙基-1-戊烯 (4)(Z)-4-甲基-3-庚烯 (5)2,2-二甲基-5-乙基-3-庚炔 (6)(E)-3-甲基-2-溴-2-戊烯 (7)(2Z,4Z)-3,5-二甲基-2,4-庚二烯 (8)3E-2,4-二甲基-1,3-己二烯 2、(1) (2) (3) (4)

ClCH3CH2=C-CH=CH2(CH3)2C=CCH2CH3C=CHCH3CH3 H3C CH2=CH-CH2-CH=CH2

CH3CH2CH2CH3

(5) (6)

H3CHC=CH3CHHC=CC=CHCH3H

3、 (1)

CH3C=CCH3CH3Br2CCl4CH3CH3C-CHCH3BrBr(2)

CH3-C=CH-CH3Br2 / H2OCH3

CH3CH3-CCH-CH3BrBr

CH3CH3-CCH-CH3OHBrCH3CH3-C CH-CH3ClI

+(3)

CH3-C=CH-CH3CH3ICl(4)

CH3-C=CH-CH3CH3HBr / 过氧化物CH3CH3-C CH-CH3HBr(5)

CH3-C=CH-CH3H2SO4CH3CH3CH3-C CH2-CH3OSO3HCH3-C=OCH3

H2OCH3CH3-C CH2-CH3OH(6)

CH3-C=CH-CH3KMnO4CH3H++CH3COOH

(7)

CH3-C=CH-CH3CH3O3H3CCH3COOOCHCH3

H2O / ZnCH3-C=OCH3+CH3CHO 4、(1)

HBr(2mol)BrCH3CH2CBrCH3H2O/HgCH3CH2C=CH2+,H+CH3CH2CCH3OKMnO4/H+CH3CH2COOH+CO2+H2O[Ag(NH3)+2CH3CH2C=CH2CN2)

H3CH3C+HBrBr3)

CHCH3CH33-C=CH-CH3CHCH3-C CH2-CH3+CH3-C CH-CH33+HBrNaCl / H2OBrClCH3+CH3-C CH2-CH3OH4) CH23-CH=CHCl2高温CH2-CH=CH2CH2=CH-CH=CH2ClCH2Cl

5)

((

HCl(1mol)KMnO4/H+(1)O3(2)H2O/ZnCH3-CH=CH-CH2ClCO2+HC=O+HO=C-C=OHHH2OCH2=CH-CH=CH2CH2=CHCHOCHO

5(1)CH3-CH2-CH3aCH2=CH-CH3bKMnO4/H+褪色b, cAg(NH3)+2无bc白a不褪色CH=C-CH3c

(2)

CH3-CH2-aCH2=CH-CH2-CH2CH3bCH2=CH-CH=CH-CH3dKMnO4/HC=C-CH2-CH2CH3c不褪色a褪色b,c,dAg(NH3)2白c无b,d顺丁烯二酸酐S无OCCOObCHHCHCCHCH3dCHCH 6、(1)

CH3CH3C+CH3

>CH3-CH-CH2-CH3>+CH3-CH-CH2CH3+

++++CH2=CHCH2>CH3CHCH3>CH3CH2CH2>CH3(2)

+++H3CCH2>CH2>O2NCH2(3)

7、用浓H2SO4 8、

(1) (2) (3) H3CCH3CH3CHCH2CH=CH2C=CH-CH3H3C

9、 (3)、(4)具有?—?共轭体系;(2)具有缺电子的p—?共轭体系; (3)具有多电子的p—?共轭体系;(1)、(4)具有?—?共轭体系;

CH2CH3

10、

(A)(A)11、

CH3CH3(B)CH3-CH2-CH-CH3CH3HBr(C)CH3CH2CH=CH2HBr

(B)CH3-CH2-CH-CH3Br(C)CH3CH2CH=CH2

(A)CH3CH=CHCH(CH3)2(C)CH3CH2CH2CH(CH3)212、

(B)CH3CH2CH=C(CH3)2

A:CH3CH-CH2C=CHCH3B:CH3-C=CH2-CH=CH2CH3 13、

(1)CH2=CH—CH3

ClBrCH2ClCHCH2BrCl2光CH2=CH—CH2Br2(2)CH2=CH—CH3Cl2光ClCH2=CH—CH2

ClHBrBrCH2HOCH2CH222(3)CH3C=CH+H2OH2SO4, HgSO414、

OCH3-C-CH3

(1)O(2)(3)(4)OCOOHH2COO属于倍半萜 15、 CH3属于单环单萜

属于倍半萜

属于二萜

CH3C=CHCH2CH2C=CHCH3H3C

第四章 芳香烃作业参考答案

1、

(1)邻硝基甲苯 (2)3-羟基苯磺酸 (3)3-甲基-4-氯苯甲酸 (4)1,4-二甲基萘 (5)4-甲基-3-苯基-1-戊烯 (6)6-氯-2-萘酚 2、

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

COOHCH=CH2SO3HClCH3NO2NO2(6)

H3CO

ClCOOH

CH3

CH(CH3)2CH2CH3

Cl 3、(1) COOH COOHCl

CH3ClNO2O2NCH3ClCl2Fe(2)

CH3ClHNO3H2SO4+(3)

ClCH(CH3)2Cl2光C(CH3)2

(4)

OCH3

无水AlCl3OCH3C-CH3OOCH3+(5)

C(CH3)3(CH3CO)2O+OC-CH3

C(CH3)3KMNO4H+COOHCH2CH2CH3(6)

CH2CH=CH2CH2CH3KMNO4H+

COOHCOOH(7)

CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl

无水AlCl3CH3CH-CH2CH3+

(8)

CH2CH3HNO3H2SO4CH2CH3KMNO4H+COOHBr2FeCOOHBrNO2NO2NO24、 (1) OH

CH3ClNO2>(2)

CH3CH3>>COOH>COOH

COOH>CH3>CH3>>COOH

5、 (1)

CH3CH3abcabc褪色:bKMnO4H+不褪色:a,c褪色:cBr2(H2O)(2)

CH2CH3CH=CH2C=CH不褪色:a

bAg(NH3)2ac+白:C无沉淀:babc褪色:b,cBr2CCl4不褪色:a

6、

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

OHClCH3CH3NHCOCH3NO2CH3SO3H Cl COOH

(6) (7) (8) (9)

OCH3COOHCH3OHOH

COOHNO2

NO27、 (1)

+CH3Br

无水AlCl3CH3KMNO4H+COOHHNO3H2SO4CH3COOHNO2

(2)

+CH3Br无水AlCl3CH3Cl2FeClCl2光ClCH2Cl(3)

C-CH3O+(4)

(CH3CO)2O无水AlCl3C-CH3OBr2FeBr

CH3ClAlCl3CH3Cl2光CH2ClFeCH2(5)

CH3ClAlCl3CH3CH3Br2FeBrCH3

COOHNO2KMnO4H+COOHHNO3H2SO4BrBr(6)

CH3ClAlCl3CH3CH3ClAlCl3HNO3H2SO4CH3CH3CH3KMnO4NO2H+

COOHNO2COOH8、有芳香性的是:(2),(4),(5),(8)

9、

CH3 10、

CH2CH3

C=CHCH3H2NiCH2CH3CH3K2Cr2O7H+COOHCOOH-H2OOCOCOABC

D

第五章旋光异构作业参考答案

2、对:(6)(7)。错:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(8) 3、有旋光性的为:(1)(2)(4)(5) 4、(1) (2) (3) (4)

H3C11CHCOOHCH3H2BrCl2HCH2BrHCBrHBrHHBrH3CH33COOHCH3CH3 C2H544

注:旋光异构体的数目略。

5、(1)R-氟氯溴甲烷 (2)S-3-羟基-2-戊酮 (3)2R ,3S-2,3,4-三羟基丁醛 (4)R-2-氨基-2-苯基乙酸 (5)2R ,3R-3-氯-2-丁醇 (6)

BrHCOOHHBrCOOH1COOHBr2HBrH3COOH42R ,3S-2,3-二溴丁二酸(

6、(1)都是S- ,所以是相同的。 (2)分别为:2R ,3S-和2S ,3R- ,所以是对映体关系 (3) 分别为:2R ,3S-和2R ,3R- ,所以是非对映体关系 (4)一个为R-,另一个为S-, 所以是对映体关系.

2S ,3R2,3-二溴丁二酸)OHA:CH3CH2-C-CH=CH2CH37、

OHB:CH3CH2-C-CH2-CH3CH3

8、

CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3H2OH2SO4*CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3OHAKMnO4/OH-BC2H5HOHCH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH2-CH3OHOHC的构型为:HOHC2H5C

第六章 卤代烃习题参考答案 1、(1)2-甲基-1-氯丙烷(伯卤代烷) (2)2-甲基2-溴丁烷(叔卤代烷)

(3)2,2-二甲基4-溴戊烷(仲卤代烷) (4)Z-2-甲基-1-溴-2-戊烯(烯丙基型)

(5)Z(顺)-3-甲基-2-氯-2-戊烯(乙烯型) (6)3-甲基-4-溴-1-丁烯(隔离型卤代烃) (7)对-氯甲苯(乙烯型) (8)1-苯基-1-溴丙烷(烯丙基型) 2、(1) (2) (3) (4)

BrBrCH3-CH-CH-CH3CH3ClCH3CH3-C C CH2-CH3ClCH=CH-CH2CH=CH-CH2Br

CH3Cl

(5) (6) (7) (8)

H3CClClHC=CClC=CHH

CH3C=CCH3HCH2BrH3、(1)

CH3Cl

CH2ClCl

ClClabcCH3d

abcd(2)

AgNO3醇白:b快 a慢褪色:d无沉淀;c, dKMnO4H+CH3不褪色:c

CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH3ClCH2=CHClCH2=CH-C-CH3Claabc

(3)

CH2=CH-CH-CH3ClCH2=CH-CH-CH3IAgNO3醇b白:快cc白:慢a无沉淀:b

AgNO3醇CH2=CH-CH-CH3先有黄色沉淀:ICH2=CH-CH-CH3先有白色沉淀:Cl

4、

(1)

CH2-CH-CH2CH3BrCH3>CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH3Br>BrCH3-C-CH2CH3CH3

(2)

BrCH3-C-CH3CH3

>CH3-CH2-CH-CH3Br>CH2-CH2-CH2CH3Br(3)

CH2-CH2-CH2CH3I

CH2-CH2-CH2CH3Cl>CH2-CH2-CH2CH3Br>(4)

BrCH3-C-CH2CH3CH3>CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH3Br>BrCH2-CH-CH2CH3CH35、

(1)

CH3-CH-CH-CH3NaOHCH3Cl乙醇,CH3-C=CH-CH3CH3Br2

BrCH3-C-CH-CH3NaOHCH3Br乙醇,CH2=C-CH=CH2CH3(2)

ClCH2Cl

+NaCN乙醇ClCH2CNH2OH+ClCH2COOH(3)

CH2Br+Mg无水乙醚CH2MgBr(1)CO2(2)H2OCH2COOH

(4)

CH-CH3NaOH乙醇,BrCH=CH2HBr过氧化物CH2-CH2BrCH3ONa乙醇

CH2-CH2OCH3

(5)

CH3BrNaOH乙醇,CH3KMnO4H+OOCH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-C-OH 6、 (1) CH2=CH2Br2NaCNBr-CH2-CH2-Br乙醇NC-CH2-CH2-CNH2OH+

HOOC-CH2CH2-COOH(2) CH3-CH2-CH-CH3NaOH乙醇,BrCH3-CH=CH-CH3KMnO4H+CH3COOH (3)CH2=CH2(4)

CH3-CH2CH2-ClHClCH3-CH2ClNa

NH3CH3-CH-CH3NH3CH3-CH2-CH2CH3HClNaOH乙醇,CH3-CH=CH2CH3-CH-CH3Cl(5)

CH2-CH-CH3BrH2OH+NaOH乙醇,CH2=C-CH3CH3HBrCH3BrNaCNCH3-C-CH3乙醇CH3CNCH3-C-CH3CH3

COOHCH3-C-CH3CH3HBr过氧化物(6)

CH3CH3-C=CH2

CH3CH3-CH-CH2BrNaCN乙醇CH3H2OCH3-CH-CH2CNH+CH3-CH-CH2COOH HBrBrCH3-C-CH2-CH3CH3CH37、

CH3-CH-CH-CH3NaOHCH3Br乙醇,CH3-C=CH-CH3CH3ANaOH乙醇,CH3BCH3-C=CH-CH3KMnO4H+CH3-C=OCH3+CCH3COOH8、

A、CH3CHCH=CH2BrB、CH3CH-CHCH2BrBrBrC、CH2=CH-CH=CH2

第七章 醇 酚 醚习题参考答案 1、

(1)4-基-2-己醇 (2)2-甲基-2-丙烯基-3-戊烯-1-醇 (3)2,4-己二醇 (4)3-环己烯-1-醇 (5)4-苯基-2-戊醇 (6)E-5-甲基-4-庚烯-3-醇

(7)4-甲基苯酚 (8)对甲氧基苯甲醇 (9)苯乙醚 (10)1,2-环氧丁烷 2、

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

CH3CH3-C-OHOHH3COCH2OHOH(6)

CH3 CH3 H3C

CH2OH

COOHOH

3、

(1)(CH3)3C-OH+HBr(2)

OH+HCl(浓)(CH3)3C-Br无水ZnCl2+H2OCl

CH3(3)CH3-CH-O-CH3+HI(浓)OHCH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3CH3K2Cr2O7H+CH3CH3-CH-OH+CH3I

OCH3-CH-CH2-C-CH3CH3(4)(5)(6)

CH3CH2CH2CH2-OH+SOCl2CH3CH2CH2CH2-Cl

CH3OHH2SO4CH3-CH-CH-CH3O170CCH3-C=CH-CH3CH3KMnO4 / H+CH3-C=OCH3+CH3COOH

(7)

OHC2H5浓H2SO4C2H5(1)O3(2)Zn / H2OOCH3CH2-C-CH2CH2CH2CHO

(8) O+CH3CH2CH2CH2OHCH2-CH2OHOCH2CH2CH2CH3

BrH3COHBr2H3COHBr

(9)

(10)

OHNaOHONaCH3Br

OCH3HIOH+CH3I 4、

(1)1,4-丁二醇 > 正辛醇 > 3-己醇 > 2-甲基-2-戊醇 > 正己烷 (2)

① 碳酸>邻甲苯酚>水>苯甲醇>苯甲醚

② 2,4-二硝基苯酚>邻硝基苯酚>苯酚>邻甲苯酚 (3) ④>②>③>① 5、 (1)

CH3CH2OCH2CH3CH2-CH2CH2CH3BrCH2-CH2CH2CH3OHCH2-CH2CH=CH2OH

abcd

abAgNO3c醇d(2)

白:b无气体放出:a无沉淀:a,c,dNa有气体放出:c,dBr2不褪色:a

白:d变绿快:a无沉淀:a,b,cK2Cr2O7H+褪色:dabAg(NH3)2cd

(3)

OH变绿慢:b不变色:c

显深蓝色:OHOHCH2-CH-CH2OHOHOHCu(OH)2CH2-CH-CH2OHOHOHOH不变色:OHFeCl3显紫色:不显色:OH6、分子间的氢键:(1)、(4)。分子内的氢键:(2)、(3) 7、、(1) HBr CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHCH3CH2-CH2-CH2BrNaCN醇CH3CH2CH2CH2CNH3O+

CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH(2)

CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHCu

H2SO4170COCH3CH2-CH=CH2H2SO4H2OCH3CH2-CH-CH3OH

(3)

CH3CH2-C-CH3O

CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHH2SO4170COH2SO4170COCH3CH2-CH=CH2H2SO4H2OCH3CH2-CH-CH3OHCH2=CH-CH=CH2CH3CH=CH-CH3Br2CH3CH-CH-CH3NaOHBrBrC2H5OHH2SO4H2O(4)

CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHH2SO4170OCH2SO4170CO3H2O/ZnO

CH3CH2-CH=CH2CH3CH2-CH-CH3OHCH3CH=CH-CH3CH3CHO8、 (1)

CH3-CH2-CH2OHH2SO4170CO

H2SO4H2OK2Cr2O4H+CH3-CH=CH2CH3-CH-CH3OHCH3COCH3(2)

OHNaONaH2SO4170OC

CH3CH2IOC2H5(3)

CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHNaCN醇CH3CH2-CH=CH2

CH3CH2-CH-CH3ClHClCH3CH2-CH-CH3CN(4)

CH3OHH2SO4170OCCH3KMnO4H+OCH3-C-CH2CH2CH2COOH

9、

OCH3HIOH+CH3I

AOHNaOHBONaCCH3IAgNO3醇CH3ONO2+AgI黄B10、

C

CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHHClZnCl2CH3CH2-CH2-CH2ClAH2SO4170OCBNaOH/醇CH3CH2-CH=CH2CKMnO4H+CH3CH2COOH+CO2H2OHCl/ZnCl2ECH3CH2-CH-CH3Cl

第八章 醛、酮、醌习题参考答案

1、

(1)2-甲基丙醛 (2)4-甲基-2-羟基苯甲醛 (3)5-甲基2—己烯醛 (4)3-甲基-2-丁酮 (5)2,4-己二酮 (6)2-甲基4-戊酮-1-醛 (7)2-甲基-1,4-环己二酮 (8)水合甲醛 2、

(1) (2) (3)

CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CHOCH3CH3-CH-CH2-C-CH3BrCH3O

(4) (5) (6)

CH=N-OHC-CH3O

CH3-C=N-NH-

CH3NNH-C-NH23、

(1)

OH

OO

CNCuCH3-CH-CH2CH3H2OH+(2)

OHCOOHCH3-C-CH2CH3HCNOHCH3-C-CH2-CH3CH3-C-CH2-CH3O2N

O2NOCH3-C-CH2CH2CH3+H2N-NH-CH3-C=NNH-NO2H3CH2CH2COMgBrCH3CH2CH2CH-CH2CH3H2O/H+NO2(3)

CH3CH2CH2CHO+CH3CH2MgBr无水乙醚

OHCH3CH2CH2CH-CH2CH3 (4)

OCH2-C-CH3I2NaOHOCH2-C-ONa+CHI3黄OCH3OCH2-C-ONaOCH3AOHCH2-CH-CH3I2OCH3NaOHOCH3+CHI3黄

B第九章 羧酸、羧酸衍生物及其衍生物作业参考答案

1、(1)4-甲基-3-氯戊酸 (2)(E)-2-羟基-3-戊烯酸 (3)4-甲基1,3-苯二甲酸 (4)4-甲氧基苯乙酰氯 (5)苯甲酸苯甲酯 (6)?-乙基-?-丁内酰胺 (7)2-甲基顺丁烯二酸酐 (8)2R,3S-3-甲基-2-羟基丁二酸单甲酯

HOCH-COOHOOO(9)HOCH-COOH (10)CH3-C-CH2-C-OC2H5 (11)HOOC-C-CH2-COOH

OCNHC(12)2、(1)

OH-C-COOHO

COOHCOOHHCOOHabcCH3COOHdab褪色:a b c+Ag(NH3)2无:bAg: a c2,4—二硝基苯肼黄:a无:cKMnO4cH+da不褪色:dCH=CH-COOHCOOHCOOHOH

(2)

bc

abcFeCl3显色:cKMnO4H+褪色:a不褪色不显色:a bOCH3-C-COOHOCH3-C-CH3:b

CH3CH2COOH(3)

a无 :cbc

abc (4)

OI2 / NaOH黄 :a b蓝色石蕊试纸变红:a不变色:b

OCH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3OCH3-C-CH2CH2CH3OOCH3-C-CH2-C-CH3abcd显色:d不显色:c

abcdI2 / NaOH黄:c,dFeCl3无:a,b饱和NaHSO3白无:a:B

3、(1)丁烯二酸>丁二酸>丁酸 (2) 2-氟丙酸>2-羟基丙酸>丙酸>2-甲基丙酸 (3)乙二酸>氯乙酸>苯甲酸>乙酸>丙酸

CH=CHCH2OHCH2CH2COOH4、(1)CH2CH2OHOCO2 (2)CH2CH2OHO

OC-OCH3(3)

C-OMgBrH2SO4H2OC-OHCH3OH

注:(4)以下答案在下页

第十章 含氮和含磷化合物作业参考答案

1、(1)1-硝基丙烷 (2)对硝基甲苯 (3)乙异丙基胺 (4)N-甲基苯胺 (5)1,4-丁二胺 (6)溴化对甲基重氮苯 (7)2,4-二硝基苯肼 (8)丁二酰亚胺 (9)7-氯-1-萘胺 (10)N-亚硝基二乙胺 2、

CH3-CH-CH-CH2CH3(1)

CH3NO2 (2)(CH3CH2CH2CH2)3N (3)

CH3ONNH2

OHCH3OHCH2-CH2(4)NH2NH2 (5)

H3CN-CH(CH3)2C2H5HOH2CH2CN-CH3CH3 (6)

(7)

CH3OH3C-C-O-CH2CH2N-CH3CH3CH2NH2OH (8)

NH2 (9)

O2NNH-CH2CH3

(10) 3、(1) 5>4>1>2>3 (2)4>1>5>3>2 4、

CH3CH2NH3Cl (1)(2)

C2H5C2H5N-CH(CH3)2C2H5BrAgOHC2H5C2H5N-CH(CH3)2C2H5OH(3)

H3CON-C-CH3CH3

(4)

Br2FeBr3BrCH3CH3

CH3HNO3H2SO4BrNO2FeHClBrCH3NH2NaNO2+HCl0-5oCCH3N=NClBr

Cu2(CN)2CNBr

5、

NH2OHNH2(1)ab显色:bc

abcFeCl3不显色:a c水CH3NHCH2CH2CH3Br2白:ac:无

(2)

aCH3CH2CH2CH2NH2b(CH3)2NCH2CH3c

abcHNO2有:b黄油状物:a剩下的为:c

6、

abcSO2Cl过滤滤液:cNaOH水解滤液:a的苯磺酰氨a沉淀为:a b的苯磺酰氨过滤沉淀为: b的苯磺酰氨水解b7、 (1)

CH3COOHNH3CH3COONH3OCH3C-NH2Br2NaOHCH3NH2

+N=NCNCu2(CN)2NO2NO2

HNO3NO2FeHClNH2HNO3H2SO4(2)

H2NiH2SO4CH2NH2NH2NaNO2+HCl0-5oCNO2NO2

(3)

CH3HNO3H2SO4CH3FeHClNH2+N=NNaNO2+HCl0-5oCCH3NO2OHCH3OHOH-H3CN=N-

(4)

CH3HNO3H2SO4CH3NO2CH3FeHClNO2CH3NH2FeNO2HClCH3NH2CH3HNO3H2SO4CH3NO2NH2NaNO2+HCl0-5oC

H3PO2H2O

(5)

N=N+

HBrNaCH3CH2CH2CH3Br2光CH3CH2OHNH3CH3CH2BrCH3CHCH2CH3BrCH3CHCH2CH3NH2(6)

HNO3H2SO4NO2FeHClNH2HNO3H2SO4NH2

(7)

HNO3H2SO4H3PO2H2ONO2FeHClNH2Br2水NO2

BrNH2BrNaNO2+HClBr0-5oCBr+N=NBrBrBrBrBr(8)

HNO3H2SO4NO2FeHClNH2HNO3H2SO4NH2FeHClNO2NH2NH2HNO2

OHOH

8、

CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3CH3NH2HNO2CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3浓HSOCH3-CH-CH=CH-CH324CH3OHCH3I2NaOHCHI3ABCH3COOHCKMnO4/H++CH3-CH-CH2-COONaCH3+CH3-CH-COOHCH39、

35.5x 10、

=52.6%x=67.5放出的气逦篊H3NH3Cl

CH3所以,该化合物为:OCH3-C-NH-CH3A:CH3-CH-CH2NH2CH3B:CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2C:CH3CH2-N-CH3

第十一章

杂环化合物习题参考答案

1、命名下列化合物:

(1)2-呋喃甲酸 (2)3-甲基吡咯 (3)3-噻吩磺酸 (4)3-吡啶甲酰胺

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