四级巅峰预测试题四

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预测试题四

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic To Buy Books Online or in Bookstore? You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1) 有的人喜欢在网上书店买书2) 有的人却喜欢去传统书店买书3) 你的看法To Buy Books Online or in Bookstore?

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Belief in the Value of a College Degree A new national survey of young adults age 18 to 25 from the nonprofit, nonpartisan opinion research organization Public Agenda finds that the vast majority of todays young adults — the African American, Hispanic or Latino, Asian American or white — strongly believe in the value of higher education. Most of the young adults surveyed in Life After High School: Young People Talk about Their Hopes and Prospects report that their parents inspired the goal of going to college and most had a teacher in high school who took a strong personal interest in them and encouraged them to go on to college.

Young People Have Strong Belief in College Education Across racial and ethnic lines, young Americans see going to college as a positive thing to do. Three in four (74%) young adults agree that college helps prepare you for the real world. 77% of African Americans, 81% of Hispanics, 85% of Asian Americans and 81% of whites said that “people respect you more when they know youve graduated from college.” These findings counter the belief of some that large numbers of minority youth despise academic success. Only 7% of young African Americans and 3% of young Hispanics surveyed say that graduating from college is something their circle of friends looks down on. But the survey confirms what national data shows — going to college is still not commonplace for most African Americans and Hispanics. The African Americans and Hispanics (8% each) surveyed were less likely to have earned a bachelors degree than their Asian American (25%) and white (16%) peers.Substantial numbers believe their high school teachers and classes should have done a lot more to prepare them for college level work (51% African American, 48% Hispanic, 44% Asian American and 39% white). But they also hold themselves accountable for poor preparation. 69% of African Americans, 75% of Hispanics, 70% of Asian Americans and 65% of whites admit that they themselves “could have paid a lot more attention and worked harder” in high school.

Positive Views Encouraged the Kids to Go to College Parents seem to be prime movers for getting kids to go to college. About 6 in 10 said that their parents strongly expected them to go to college (61% of African Americans, 59% of Hispanics, 86% of Asian Americans and 63% of whites). Majorities of all groups point to a parent as the one person who has been the most important influence on their decisions on issues like work and college. In terms of inspiration, teachers, coaches and other adult mentors also come in for some high marks. 74% of African Americans, 69% of Hispanics, 63% of Asian Americans and 66% of whites said they had a high school teacher who took a personal interest in them and encouraged them to go to college. Similar majorities said they had a teacher or coach who really inspired them to do their best. As for high school counselors, the young people across all demographic groups surveyed indicated that counseling resources were stretched thin, with 53% saying there were not enough counselors in their high school. About half (52%) said their school counselors usually made an effort to get to

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know them, while 47% said they usually felt like “just another face in the crowd.”

Different Views Almost 9 in 10 (89%) agreed that “college is not for everyone” and a solid majority (57%) agreed that “earning money instead of sitting in a classroom” can be an advantage. But Life After High School raises serious questions about the future of young adults with no college degree. Compared to those with either a 2 or 4year degree, this group is less happy with their work situation and less focused on planning a future. Just 1 in 5 of these less educated young adults said they love their job, compared with 31% of those with degrees. 7 in 10 with limited education said they are in their current job more by chance than by design, compared to 56% of young workers with degrees. Lack of parental encouragement seems to play a big role. By a 30point margin, young workers with less education are less likely than the more educated to say their parents strongly expected them to go to college (32% vs. 67%). By a 22point margin they are less likely to point to a parent as their number one source of guidance (47% vs. 69%). Those without college degrees are more likely to say they could have worked harder in school (78% of the less educated said this compared to 62% with degrees). While conventional wisdom may hold that those without college degrees didnt have mentors in high school, majorities said they did, in fact, have a high school teacher or coach who took an interest and inspired them.

Differences about Education Related to Men and Women This research suggests that young women have internalized the worth of postsecondary education more than young men have. Young men are more likely to say they didnt attend or complete college because they “had enough of school” (32% vs. 22% of young women), and were more likely to say they didnt complete additional education because they preferred to work and make money (56% vs. 42%). In contrast, 7 in 10 (69%) young women who went to college said they “really enjoy being in school”, whereas a significantly smaller majority of young men (58%) who went to college said the same thing.

Summary: Hopes, Inspiration and Tradeoffs Perhaps the most heartening message from Life After High School is that the vast majority of todays young adults — across racial and ethnic lines — believe that higher education is a way to earn both societys respect and insure the career advancement and financial security they yearn for. According to the young adults themselves, parents are the most important adults who inspire them to get a higher education. Pointedly, those young people who dont continue on after high school are much less likely to say their parents expected them to go to college or that their parents are their most important source of guidance. The findings indicate that African American and Hispanic young people are far more likely than their white peers to say they had to compromise on their choice of college due to financial constraints. Finally, the report states “few would deny that many individuals shape constructive, honorable and satisfying lives without higher education, and there is a useful debate about whether all young people need or will even tolerate more schooling after high school. Even so, it is worth asking how comfortable we are with the haphazard, letthechipsfallwheretheymay career path so many young people who arent in college seem to be pursuing.” ［1160 words］

1.What does the survey conducted by Public Agenda find, according to the first paragraph? ［A］ Less and less young adults enjoy receiving higher education. ［B］ Most young adults regret wasting too much time in school.

［C］ Higher education doesnt necessarily ensure financial return.

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［D］ Parents and teachers are important in inspiring young adults to go to college. 2.According to the passage, what does the national data show?

［A］ Many African Americans and Hispanics fail to receive college education.

［B］ Higher education guarantees ones career advancement and financial security. ［C］ Majorities of young people follow their parents will on career selection. ［D］ The tuition in college is too high for most minorities in America. 3.51% African American young adults think that .

［A］ its their own fault that they didnt get college education

［B］ their high school didnt prepare them successfully for college level work ［C］ they were not given equal opportunities for higher education ［D］ most of them meet prejudices in college

4.What can we know about high school counselors, according the research? ［A］ They show no interest in students.

［B］ They do not play a great role in inspiring students to get to college. ［C］ They can not help students solve difficult problems.

［D］ They are not willing to offer professional advices to students. 5.78% of less educated people admit that .

［A］ they did not have mentors to inspire them in school ［B］ they earn less than those with college education ［C］ they did not study as hard as they should in school ［D］ they regret giving up studying too early

6.The author points out that just 1 in 5 of the less educated young adults .

［A］ are satisfied with their current job［B］ respect their parents opinion ［C］ have a good chance of success［D］ consider college education valuable 7.Compared with young men, young women who go to college are more likely to . ［A］ prefer arts［B］ get good grades

［C］ study hard in school ［D］ enjoy being in school

8.57% young adults agreed that compared with studying in school, it is more advantageous to . 9.Many todays young adults have a common agreement that higher education can help them earn societys respect as well as .

10.African American and Hispanic young people say they had to compromise on their choice of college because of the .

Part IIIListening Comprehension（35 minutes） Section A

11. ［A］ He enjoys being an English teacher.

［B］ He doesnt mind speaking English with an accent. ［C］ He doesnt like the way Americans speak.

［D］ He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.

12. ［A］ He has to handle a lot of work. ［B］ There will be a lot of people and cars on the streets.

［C］ It is going to be cloudy this weekend. ［D］ He doesnt like driving a car. 13. ［A］ She can give the man her notes for reference. ［B］ She can take notes for the man.

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［C］ She can lend the man pencil and paper.

［D］ She can lend the man some money to buy pencil and paper.

14. ［A］ They are not beautiful at all. ［B］ They are quite comfortable. ［C］ They are too expensive. ［D］ They deserve more money. 15. ［A］ One. ［B］ Two.［C］ Three.［D］ Four. 16. ［A］ Tuesday. ［B］ Wednesday. ［C］ Thursday.［D］ Friday. 17. ［A］ To the classroom. ［B］ To the cinema. ［C］ To the testing room. ［D］ To the library. 18. ［A］ Twelve cookies were given to them. ［B］ The baker was not able to make the cookies.

［C］ The cookies taste much better than she had hoped. ［D］ They were given more cookies than they expected.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. ［A］ He should buy books about the great man beforehand. ［B］ He should read books about the great man beforehand.

［C］ He should search for some information about the great man on the Internet. ［D］ He should first talk about the great man with his instructor. 20. ［A］ He caught a bad cold.

［B］ He had already known much about Confucius.

［C］ He wanted to get to know about Confucius from the woman.

［D］ It was so cold that he did not want to leave home to attend the lecture. 21. ［A］ He had no interest in Confucianism. ［B］ He didnt know much about Confucius.

［C］ He didnt want to read books about Confucius. ［D］ He knew more about Confucius than the woman.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22.［A］ A professor. ［B］ A student.

［C］ A teaching assistant. ［D］ A salesman.

23.［A］ She is a freshman. ［B］ She majors in chemistry.

［C］ She would like to go to Miami. ［D］ She wants to buy some new books. 24.［A］ Go back to her dormitory. ［B］ Go to collect the garbage.

［C］ Go to have a look in the campus bookstore. ［D］ Go to buy some ice cream. 25.［A］ The price of an old book will be about twothirds of a new one. ［B］ The old book will be at the full price.

［C］ Twothirds of the old books are in good condition. ［D］ The woman course contains many new texts. Section B Passage One

26. ［A］ In 59 B.C.［B］ In the 700s. ［C］ In 1620.［D］ In 1609.

27.［A］ The Boston Newsletter. ［B］ The Daily Current. ［C］ Asahi Shimbun. ［D］ New York Times. 28.［A］ Less than 13. ［B］ About 1,800. ［C］ More than 59. ［D］ More than 30. Passage Two

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29. ［A］ A recipe for a soft drink. ［B］ The medicinal effects of cola. ［C］ The history of cola. ［D］ Softdrink production. 30. ［A］ Relax people. ［B］ Cure headache.

［C］ Flavor hard candy. ［D］ Provide energy to people. 31. ［A］ He improved the flavor of cola. ［B］ He found a good way to cure headache.

［C］ He contributed much to the development of cola. ［D］ He was the first person to drink cola. Passage Three

32. ［A］ Its followers are mostly singers. ［B］ It has been expanding since its birth. ［C］ Its principles are hard to follow. ［D］ It started in Europe and then spread to the US. 33. ［A］ To create feelings of happiness for the young people by singing. ［B］ To promote a healthier lifestyle among young people.

［C］ To narrow the gap between the older generation and the young people. ［D］ To change the attitude of the young people towards work. 34. ［A］ He used to drink, smoke and take drugs.

［B］ He belonged to a street gang who hung out a lot. ［C］ He was jobless when he joined the movement. ［D］ He was a close friend of the movements leader.

35. ［A］ It is hard for the older generation to understand the young people. ［B］ It is possible for young people to live a healthier life.

［C］ A lifestyle free from the poisons of life is worth striving for.

［D］ Young people will live a healthier life if left to make their own choice. Section C

There are two types of people in the world. Although they have (36) degrees of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes (37) . This arises from the different ways in which they (38) things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. People who are to be happy fix their attention on the (39) of things: the pleasant parts of conversation, and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the (40) things. Therefore, they are (41) discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, (42) many people, and make themselves (43) everywhere. If this mind set was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. (44) . It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, (45) . I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, (46) . Part IVReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section AOne method of determining your strong points in job hunting is to appraise past performance honestly and to draw a balance sheet of your assets and liabilities. An 47 of this sort might profitably be discussed with a friend to 48 a fresh, objective viewpoint on what you should try to do.Second, in job hunting it is important to 49 yourself. One young man —50, a wealthy one — has turned his worries over to the bank where he keeps his money. He has told the bank that sooner or later something will turn up, by which he has caught the banks attention. To be sure, this man is an exception. Many others, however, are 51 to call on their friends or business 52, mentioning that they are “just coming for a visit” without leaving a clear impression for what,

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and expecting results.Job hunting is the hardest of all types of work, and it can be the most interesting. An orderly, planned approach is 53. Let us assume you have decided what you want to do, believe and can 54 you can do it well, know where you are willing to live, and have an idea of your value. In short, you have prepared yourself to look for a job. No matter how 55 you are, there are certain companies to which you might be useful and many others to which you will not. Type of industry and size of company are two limiting factors to begin with, aside from your own personal 56 as to location, travel, salary, etc. ［264 words］

［A］ fortunately［B］ approval ［C］ essential ［D］ flexible［E］ advertise ［F］ obtain ［G］ achieve ［H］ content［I］ excellent ［J］ acquaintances

［K］ preferences ［L］ prove ［M］ assure ［N］ simultaneously ［O］ appraisal Section B Passage One

It is almost a definition of a gentleman to say he is one who never inflicts pain. This description is both refined, and as far as it goes, accurate. He is mainly occupied in merely removing the obstacles which hinder the free and unembarrassed action of those about him, and he concurs with their movements rather than takes the initiative himself. The true gentleman carefully avoids whatever may cause a jar or a jolt in the minds of those with whom he is cast — all clashing of opinion, or collision of feeling, all restraint, or suspicion, or gloom, or resentment; his great concern being to make everyone at their ease and at home. He has his eyes on all his company, he is seldom prominent in conversation, and never wearisome. He makes light of favors while he does them, and seems to be receiving when he is conferring. He never speaks of himself except when compelled, never defends himself by a mere retort, he has no ears for slander or gossip, is scrupulous in imputing motives to those who interfere with him, and interprets everything for the best. He is never mean or little in his disputes, never takes unfair advantage, never mistakes personalities or sharp sayings for arguments, or insinuates evil which he dare not say out. He has too much good sense to be affronted at insults, he is too well employed to remember injuries, and too indolent to bear malice. He is patient, forbearing, and resigned, on philosophical principles; he submits to pain because it is inevitable, to bereavement because it is his destiny. He may be right or wrong in his opinion, but he is too clearheaded to be unjust; he is as simple as he is forcible, and as brief as he is decisive. Nowhere shall we find greater candor, consideration, indulgence; he throws himself into the minds of his opponents, he accounts for their mistakes. He knows the weakness of human reason as well as its strength, its province and its limits. ［338 words］

57. When some action is initiated, a gentleman , according to the passage. ［A］ will spare no pains to support it ［B］ can not be the initiator ［C］ will show no bias to it

［D］ usually devotes himself to eliminating the bad effects of it 58. According to the passage, when a gentleman talks with others, .

［A］ he always says something modest which will not hurt others feeling ［B］ he will try to publicize his own character to make others at home ［C］ he will not give his attention to only one person and neglect others ［D］ he can always become prominent in the conversation very soon

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59. What does a gentleman think of pain, according to the passage?

［A］ Pain is essential to ones life and without it, ones life will not be whole. ［B］ It is impossible to avoid or prevent pain in ones life.

［C］ Pain can be eliminated from ones life as long as he keeps optimistic. ［D］ Pain is the key to improving oneself in society. 60. A gentleman, as described in the passage, .

［A］ little speaks out his real opinion in order not to hurt others

［B］ is often not so pleasant as he looks because he has to bear too much

［C］ always indulges his opponents mistakes and let them think by themselves ［D］ is not perfectly right in his opinion 61. A good title for the passage is . ［A］ Is There Such a Gentleman?

［B］ The Difference Between a Gentleman and a Normal Person ［C］ What You Should Do to Be a Gentleman ［D］ An Idealized Gentleman Passage Two

Industrial psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the selection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working conditions and techniques, as well as individual job satisfaction. The selection of workers for particular jobs is essentially a problem of discovering the special aptitude and personality characteristics needed for the job and of devising tests to determine whether candidates have such aptitudes and characteristics. The development of tests of this kind has long been a field of psychological research. Once the worker is on the job and has been trained, the fundamental aim of the industrial psychologist is to find ways in which a particular job can be best accomplished with a minimum of effort and a maximum of individual satisfaction. The psychologists function, therefore, differs from that of the socalled efficiency expert, who places primary emphasis on increased production. Psychological techniques used to lessen the effort involved in a given job include a detailed study of the motions required to do the job, the equipment used, and the conditions under which the job is performed. After making such a study, the industrial psychologist often determines that the job in question may be accomplished with less effort by changing the routine motions of the work itself, changing or moving the tools, improving the working conditions, or a combination of several of these methods. Industrial psychologists have also studied the effects of fatigue on workers to determine the length of working time that yields the greatest productivity. In some cases such studies have proven that total production on particular jobs could be increased by reducing the number of working hours or by increasing the number of rest periods, or “breaks”, during the day. Industrial psychologists may also suggest less direct requirements for general improvement of job performance, such as establishing a better line of communication between employees and management.［313 words］

62. From the first paragraph, we learn that the primary objective of industrial psychology is to study .

［A］ how to improve work efficiency

［B］ how to improve the work skills and the working environment ［C］ how to reduce cost without affecting productivity

［D］ how to make good use of workers to get the greatest profit

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63. What does industrial psychologists mainly consider when selecting workers for particular jobs, according to the passage?

［A］ Workers motivation and interest.［B］ Workers aptitude and characteristics. ［C］ Workers job satisfaction.［D］ Workers psychological state.

64. The industrial psychologist differs from the efficiency expert in that the former . ［A］ places great emphasis on maximum production ［B］ little cares about the increase of production ［C］ takes workers satisfaction into account

［D］ worries a lot about the workers in poor working conditions

65. In an industrial psychologists mind, all of the following is what they concern except . ［A］ the way to accomplish a job with a minimum of effort ［B］ the state of mind of workers when they are working ［C］ the effect of working environment on workers

［D］ the communication between employees and management 66. According to the passage, it is possible that .

［A］ two breaks in a day lead to higher productivity than one

［B］ the more the working hours are, the higher the productivity will be ［C］ high job satisfaction results in low production ［D］ high requirement will help increase the production

Part VCloze (15 minutes)

No matter how employees feel about work, their primary motivation to work is to earn a living. Peoples attitude 67 their jobs are 68 to the nature of their work and the reward they receive. For the factory workers, 69 is a necessary evil which merely ensures 70. The corporation president sees work 71 a way of obtaining material goods 72 what is necessary for survival. Teachers and librarians, 73 not highly

paid, find 74 stimulation and personal 75 in their jobs.76 people are 77 working, producing, and achieving. Many people believe that there is 78 of opportunity that allows anyone to become successful. This belief is 79 by stories written by a nineteenthcentury American 80, Horatio Alger, who wrote about the “American Dream”. In his work he described poor people who become 81 because of their hard work, honesty and luck. The stories initiated the idea that all individuals, 82 poor,were capable of becoming wealthy 83 they were diligent and 84. For many Americans 85, Horatio Algers “ragstoriches” stories do not represent the reality of opportunity. The “American Dream” is always described as a myth; it is still difficult for several million Americans to 86.

67. ［A］ on［B］ with［C］ about［D］ toward 68. ［A］ associated ［B］ concerned ［C］ depended ［D］ related

69. ［A］ it ［B］ which ［C］ there ［D］ something 70. ［A］ survival ［B］ of survival ［C］ surviving ［D］ to survive

71. ［A］ being ［B］ as ［C］ of ［D］ to 72. ［A］ far beyond ［B］ close behind

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［C］ excessive of ［D］ much exceeding 73. ［A］ even ［B］ despite ［C］ although ［D］ who was 74. ［A］ mental ［B］ spiritual ［C］ intellectual ［D］ ideological 75. ［A］ saturation ［B］ satisfaction ［C］ inauguration ［D］ termination

76. ［A］ that ［B］ which ［C］ what ［D］ in which 77. ［A］ rewarded by ［B］ trained to ［C］ reminded of ［D］ succeeded in 78. ［A］ equality ［B］ alignment ［C］ acquisition ［D］ segregation 79. ［A］ written ［B］ exemplified ［C］ appeared ［D］ shown

80. ［A］ magician ［B］ physician ［C］ theorist ［D］ novelist

81. ［A］ rich ［B］ famous ［C］ fortunate ［D］ confident

82. ［A］ even if ［B］ no matter how ［C］ never being ［D］ in case they were 83. ［A］ as long as ［B］ unless ［C］ if ［D］ despite 84. ［A］ reverend ［B］ virtuous ［C］ unanimous ［D］ unscrupulous 85. ［A］ yet ［B］ therefore ［C］ although ［D］ however 86. ［A］ come along ［B］ cool down

［C］ level off ［D］ get aheadIn the United States there is a belief Part VITranslation (5 minutes)

87. What upset me was (不是他所说的话，而是他说话的方式).

88. Early in the last century, (养上数千只鸡) became a successful business for many people. 89. There was an applause (她一登上舞台).

90. (她一定在上学的路上). I just phoned her home and got no answer.

91. Other experts say foreign aid has produced mixed results, (这要取决于钱用在何处以及怎么用).Part I【分析题目】 本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一些人的观点，提纲第2点指出另一些人对同种事物的不同观点，提纲第3点要求表明“我”的看法，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文，写作的重点是对两种不同观点的对比论证。根据所给提纲，本文内容应安排成如下三段：第一段指出人们对购书途径的两种不同观点，为提出观点段；第二段对比论述两种争议观点各自的理由，为对比论证段；第三段表明“我”的倾向并说明理由，为表明观点段。【参考范文】

To Buy Books Online or in Bookstore? When it comes to where we should buy books, online or in bookstore, different people will offer different opinions. Some people prefer to buy books online, while others would like to buy books in bookstore. As to me, I would rather buy books in bookstore than online.（提出观点段） It is incontestable that buying books online has great

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advantages. For example, the books are much cheaper than those in bookstore. But when there is quality problem, it is not so easy to ask for a refund. The following reasons can account for my preference. （对比论证段）First, buying books in bookstore can ensure that the books we buy are what we need. A good example to illustrate is that we can stay at bookstore to learn about the book we want to buy in detail. Second, we may discover the quality problem before we pay for the book. Third, we can get the book we want as soon as we pay for it without waiting for several days. To conclude, to buy books in bookstore has incomparable advantages.（表明观点段）

Part II【文章大意】 本文的主要内容是关于美国各个种族的年轻人对大学文凭的看法。调查结果显示，如今，美国的绝大多数年轻人都认为大学文凭不仅能为他们赢得社会的尊重，并且还能够确保他们的职业发展及经济稳定。然而，仍然有少数人认为赚钱比读书更重要。 1．【定位】 根据题干中的关键信息Public Agenda，the first paragraph可定位在第一段。 【解析】 选［D］。该段最后一句指出，大多数接受调查的young adults都说，their parents inspired the goal of going to college（他们的父母激励他们考上大学），并且他们的高中老师也encouraged them to go on to college。由此可知，年轻人的parents和teachers对他们立志考进大学起了十分重要的作用，故答案为［D］。 2．【定位】 根据题干中的关键信息national data可定位在小标题Young People Have Strong Belief in College Education下第三段。 【解析】 选［A］。该段第一句话破折号后的going to college is still not commonplace for most African Americans and Hispanics是对破折号前的what national data shows的解释，指出能够进大学学习的African Americans and Hispanics并不多，故答案为［A］。 3．【定位】 根据题干中的关键信息51% African American可定位在小标题Young People Have Strong Belief in College Education下第四段。 【解析】 选［B］。该段括号中的内容51% African American是对Substantial numbers believe…college level work（大多数人都认为他们的高中老师和高中课程没有很好地为他们的大学教育做准备）的举例论证，也就是说，他们认为对于考大学来说，高中的学习didnt prepare them successfully，故答案为［B］。 4．【定位】 根据题干中的关键信息high school counselors可定位在小标题Positive Views Encouraged the Kids to Go to College下第三段。 【解析】 选［B］。该段第一句指出，所有接受调查的young people都认为counseling resources were stretched thin（顾问资源十分短缺），并且53%的人说他们在高中时并没有足够的counselors。由此可知，high school counselors并没有对inspiring students to get to college起很大作用，故答案为［B］。 5．【定位】 根据题干中的关键信息78% of less educated people可定位在小标题Different Views下第二段。 【解析】 选［C］。该段第一句指出那些没有college degrees的人说他们could have worked harder in school（本来能够更加努力地学习的，但实际上却没有），括号内的内容表明有这种想法的人占without college degrees的总人数的比例是78%。由此可知，78% of less educated people承认他们没有study as hard as they should，故答案为［C］。 6．【定位】 根据题干中的关键信息1 in 5可定位在小标题Different Views下第一段。 【解析】 选［A］。该段第四句指出，只有1 in 5（五分之一）的less educated young adults说他们love their job，［A］中的be satisfied with是原文中love的同义表达，故为答案。 7．【定位】 根据题干中的关键信息young men，young women以及出题顺序可定位在小标题Differences about Education Related to Men and Women下。 【解析】 选［D］。该部分内容主要是在讲young men和young women对大学教育的态度。

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young men更容易讨厌学校教育，但是young women却really enjoy being in school，由此可知答案为［D］。 8．【定位】 根据题目中的关键信息57% young adults可定位在小标题Different Views下第一段。 【解析】 earn money。该段第一句指出，超过一半的人（即57%）认为earning money instead of sitting in a classroom（挣钱比坐在教室里学习）更具有优势，也就是说，这些人认为相比较学习来说，earning money更重要。题干中的to为不定式，故答案应为earn money。 9．【定位】 根据题目中的关键信息todays young adults，earn societys respect可定位在小标题Summary: Hopes, Inspiration and Tradeoffs下第一段。 【解析】insure the career advancement and financial security。该段最后一句指出了大多数年轻人所认为的higher education的两个作用，一个是：earn societys respect；另一个是：insure the career advancement and financial security。 10．【定位】 根据题目中的关键信息compromise，their choice of college可定位在小标题Summary: Hopes, Inspiration and Tradeoffs下第三段。

【解析】 financial constraints。题目中的because of是该句中的due to的同义表达，故答案为financial constraints。

【文章译文】 大学学位价值的信任非营利、无党派观点研究机构公共议程新近对全国18到25岁之间的年轻人进行了一次调查，调查发现当今大量的年轻人——非裔美国人、西班牙人或拉美人、亚裔美国人或白人——对高等教育深信不疑。［1］大部分接受“高中毕业后的生活：年轻人谈期望与前景”调查的年轻人表示，他们的家长鼓励他们以上大学为目标，而且其中大部分人在高中时候都有一位老师对他们极为偏爱，鼓励他们上大学。

年轻人坚信大学教育纵观各个种族和民族，美国年轻人对上大学持肯定意见。四分之三（74%）的年轻人一致认为大学可以帮助人们为现实世界做好准备。77%的非裔美国人、81%的西班牙人、85%的亚裔美国人以及81%的白人表示“当人们知道你是大学毕业生，他们就会对你更加尊重。”某些人认为少数年轻人当中，大部分都很鄙视学业上的成就，而这些调查结果驳斥了这一观点。只有7%参与调查的年轻非裔美国人和3%参与调查的年轻西班牙人表示在他们的朋友圈里，大学毕业是被瞧不起的。但调查结果证实了国家数据所显示的——［2］对大部分非裔美国人以及西班牙人来说，上大学还不是一个普遍现象。参与调查的非裔美国人和西班牙人（分别有8%）中获得学士学位的可能性比亚裔美国人（25%）和白人（16%）低。很多人认为他们的高中老师和课堂本来应该更好地为他们从事要求大学文凭的工作作准备（［3］51%的非裔美国人，48%的西班牙人，44%的亚裔美国人以及39%的白人这样认为）。但他们认为自己没有好好准备也是原因之一。69%的非裔美国人、75%的西班牙人、70%的亚裔美国人和65%的白人承认，高中时他们自己“本可以更用心更努力地学习”。

正面观点鼓励孩子上大学家长们似乎是孩子上大学最好的推动者。10个里面有6个人说他们的家长非常希望他们上大学（61%的非裔美国人、59%的西班牙人、86%的亚裔美国人以及63%的白人）。每个群体里的大部分人都将家长称为对他们工作、上学等问题上做的决定影响最大的人。在鼓舞情绪方面，老师、教练以及其他成年导师也得到了高分。74%的非裔美国人、69%的西班牙人、63%的亚裔美国人以及66%的白人说有位高中老师对他们很偏爱，并且鼓励他们上大学。近似多的人说他们有位老师或教练激励他们努力上进。［4］至于高中咨询老师，参与调查的各种年轻人都表示咨询资源很有限，其中53%的人说他们所在的高中里咨询老师数量不足。约一半（52%）人说他们的学校咨询老师通常努力去了解他们，而47%的人说他们感到自己“只是人群中的另外一张面孔”。 不同的观点

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［8］约十分之九（89%）的人一致认为“不是每个人都适合上大学”，57%的人一致认为“赚钱而不是坐在课堂”是有好处的。但是“高中后的生活”提出了关于没有大学学历的年轻人未来的严重问题。与那些有着2年或4年学历的人相比，这些没学历的人对他们的工作环境更不满意，也不注重规划未来。［6］这些受教育程度低的年轻人里只有五分之一表示喜欢他们的工作，而有学历的人里这一比例为31%。十分之七学历有限的人目前的工作都是偶然从事的，而不是预定好的，而在有学历的年轻工人中，这一比例为56%。缺少家长的鼓励似乎起到了很大作用。学历较低的年轻工人与学历较高的年轻工人相比，表示家长迫切希望自己上大学的人少30个百分点（32%和67%）。将家长称为自己头号导师的人比学历高的人少22个百分点（47%和69%）［5］。没有大学学历的人更可能说他们上学时本来可以更用功（78%的受教育程度低的人这样说，而在有学历的人中，这一比例为62%）。尽管传统观点或许认为没有大学学历的人高中时没有辅导老师，而事实上大部分人说他们在高中时的确有一个老师或教练偏爱并鼓励他们。

两性教育的不同［7］这项研究显示，与年轻男性相比，年轻女性对高中之后的教育价值问题更多地采取缄默态度。年轻男性更可能会说他们是因为“上学上够了”才不上大学或不上完大学的（32%，年轻女性中该比例为22%），而且他们更可能会说他们不完成附加教育是因为他们更愿意工作赚钱（56%和42%）。与之相反，十分之七（69%）上大学的年轻女性说她们“很享受呆在校园”，而持这一观点的上大学的年轻男性明显少于女性（58%）。 总结：希望、鼓励和取舍

［9］也许“高中后的生活”中最惊人的信息就是当今大量年轻人——包括各个种族和民族——认为高等教育是获得他们所渴望的社会尊重、确保事业腾飞以及经济保障的一种途径。 年轻人表示，在鼓励他们接受高等教育的人中，家长的作用最大。尖锐地说，“家长希望自己上大学，或家长是他们最重要的导师”这样的话在高中后没有继续接受教育的年轻人嘴里说出来的可能性要小得多。 ［10］这些调查结果显示，非裔美国人和西班牙人中的年轻人远比白人中的同龄人更可能说由于经济限制，他们不得不在上大学问题上妥协。

最后，调查报告指出“几乎所有人都不否认，没有高等学历，就无法生活得积极、体面、满意。有一个辩论很有帮助，该辩论是关于是否所有年轻人都需要或将会在高中毕业后硬着头皮继续上学。即便如此，也有必要询问，我们走那些无计划的、不计后果的职业道路时是否感到舒适，而这种职业道路似乎是很多不上大学的年轻人正在追求的。”Part IIISection A 11.

［A］ He enjoys being an English teacher.

［B］ He doesnt mind speaking English with an accent. ［C］ He doesnt like the way Americans speak.

［D］ He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.

M: Did you notice that after almost 10 years in the United States, Mr. Lee still speaks English with such a strong accent?

W: Yes, but he is proud of it. He says its part of his identity. Q: What does the conversation tell us about Mr. Lee?【解析】 事实状况题。男士说尽管Mr. Lee在美国生活了十年，但说英语时还是有a strong accent（很重的口音），女士说he is proud of it（Lee先生对此感到很骄傲），他认为口音是他身份的象征，由此可知Mr. Lee并不介意自己说英语有口音，故答案为［B］。12. ［A］ He has to handle a lot of work.

［B］ There will be a lot of people and cars on the streets. ［C］ It is going to be cloudy this weekend.

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［D］ He doesnt like driving a car.W: What shall we do this weekend, go to the beach, go to the mountains, or stay home?

M: I dont think I can handle the crowds and the driving. Lets stay here and relax. Q: Why isnt the man willing to go out?【解析】 事实状况题。女士询问男士周末计划做什么，男士回答说他dont think…can handle the crowds and the driving（忍受不了拥挤的人群和车流），所以建议女士stay here and relax（待在这里，放松一下），由此可知男士周末不愿出去，因为那时会有很多的people和cars，故答案为［B］。13. ［A］ She can give the man her notes for reference. ［B］ She can take notes for the man.

［C］ She can lend the man pencil and paper.

［D］ She can lend the man some money to buy pencil and paper. M: I forgot to bring paper and pencil to take notes with in class. W: Thats all right. I have enough for both of us.

Q: What does the woman mean?【解析】 事实状况题。男士说他忘了带记笔记的paper and a pencil，女士说她have enough for both of us（带的足够两个人用），由此可知女士会借给男士pencil and paper，故答案为［C］。14. ［A］ They are not beautiful at all. ［B］ They are quite comfortable. ［C］ They are too expensive.

［D］ They deserve more money.W: Lets stop and look at this furniture, Billy. Have you ever seen more beautiful sofas?

M: Quite often and for much less money, too.

Q: What does the man think of the sofas?【解析】 观点态度题。女士问男士是否见到过更漂亮的沙发，男士回答说Quite often and for much less money， too（经常看到并且价格更低），言外之意就是他们现在看到的沙发很贵，故答案为［C］。15. ［A］ One. ［B］ Two. ［C］ Three. ［D］ Four.

M: How many rooms do you want in a house?

W: Well, to begin with, one bedroom for each of the children and one for us. And I want a bathroom, a big kitchen and a living room with lots of sunlight in it. Yes, altogether seven rooms. Q: How many children does the woman have?【解析】 数字信息题。由女士的话可知，她需要有7个房间的屋子，减去一个给她和她丈夫的房间、一个浴室、一个厨房和一个客厅，剩下3个房间给她的孩子。而根据女士话中的one bedroom for each of the children可知，3个房间将会分别分给3个孩子，也就是说女士共有3个孩子，故答案为［C］。16. ［A］ Tuesday. ［B］ Wednesday. ［C］ Thursday. ［D］ Friday.

W: Has the latest Newsweek magazine arrived yet? Its already Tuesday today. M: Sorry, its late. But probably it will not arrive until the day after tomorrow.

Q: On which day of the week will the magazine arrive?【解析】 事实状况题。根据女士话中的Its already Tuesday today可知今天是周二，那么男士话中的the day after tomorrow指的就是

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Thursday（周四），由此可知女士要的新闻周刊周四才能到，故答案为［C］。17. ［A］ To the classroom. ［B］ To the cinema.

［C］ To the testing room. ［D］ To the library.

W: I have to go to class because I have a test, but if I could, Id go with you to the movies. M: Thats too bad. I wish that you could come along.

Q: Where is the man going?【解析】 地点场景题。由女士话中的but转折句if I could, Id go with you to the movies可知，男士要去看电影，故答案为［B］。［B］中的to the cinema是to the movies的同义转述。18.

［A］ Twelve cookies were given to them.

［B］ The baker was not able to make the cookies.

［C］ The cookies taste much better than she had hoped. ［D］ They were given more cookies than they expected. M: Why are you so happy?

W: Instead of being given an even dozen of cookies, weve been given a bakers dozen.

Q: What does the woman mean?【解析】 事实状况题。由女士的话可知，她本来以为他们只能得到an even dozen of cookies（刚刚好12块小甜饼），而实际上他们却得到了a bakers dozen（13块），也就是说女士实际得到的小甜饼比预想的要多，故答案为［D］。bakers dozen为英语典故，意为“十三个”。 Conversation One 【听力原文】

M: Miss Wang, it is said that we will be given a lecture about Confucius tomorrow, is it so? W: Yeah. The teacher told us about it last time. What did the teacher say 【答案解析】 19. What should the man do to get the most out of the lecture about Confucius? about it?

M: You know ［20］I didnt attend the class because of the bad cold. You remember?

W: Oh, yeah. By the way, ［19］ if you want to get the most out of the lecture, I think youd better read some books about the great man tonight.

M: Sure, but I still prefer to talk about him first before doing the reading.

W: OK! Maybe you think I know more about him than you do. Do you know Confucius given name?

M: Of course, I know. His given name is Qiu, and I also know he was born in Qufu, Shandong Province. ［21］Perhaps that is all I know.

W: I can tell you more. You know Confucius founded Confucianism, which is the most famous philosophical school in the history of China. The kernel of his thought is Ren, and its form of expression is Li.

M: What do you mean by Ren and Li?

W: Ren means benevolence; and Li means rites.

M: Oh, I see. Well, I know there are six books regarded as the classical works of Confucianism. W: Sure. And Confucius founded the first private school in Chinese history. M: A great man! As a philosopher, Confucius must have many brilliant sayings.

W: True, many of them are really thoughtprovoking. You know we are really proud of the existence of the outstanding Confucius.

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M: If I were you, I would be proud of him, too.解析】 选［B］。细节题。女士明确提到如果男士想要从讲座中受益,他had better read books about the great man tonight，由此可知，男士如果想从讲座里了解更多的东西就应该先研读有关孔子的书，故答案为［B］。 20. Why was the man absent from the last lecture? 解析】 选［A］。细节题。女士说上次老师已经提过了本节课要讲Confucius，男士说他不知道，因为他didnt attend the class because of the bad cold（因为重感冒而没有去上课），故答案为［A］。

21. What can we know about the man, according to the passage? 解析】 选［B］。细节题。男士话中的that is all I know表明，除了Confucius的given name及Confucius的出生地之外，他对Confucius一无所知，由该句话可知，男士对Confucius并不十分了解，［B］表达的正是此意，故为答案。 Conversation Two 【听力原文】

W: Whats that building?

M: Thats the mens dormitory. My elder brother, Frank, is staying there. W: What class is he in?

M: ［22］ He is a senior, Chemistry major. He thought Miami would be a good place to do his undergraduate work.

W: Is he in his fourth year?

M: Yes, the fourthyear students are called seniors and the rest are freshmen, sophomores, and juniors in that order. ［23］ Since you are a newcomer here, you can also be referred to as the freshman.

W: Listen, I hear some garbage truck working.

M: No, thats the Good Humor man. He sells ice cream.

W: In my home town, the garbage truck plays the exact same sound to let people know they are in the neighborhood. M: ［24①］ This is the campus bookstore. The last thing well do is buy your books. W: I hear that books are very expensive here. Is there any way I can buy cheap books? M: Yes. You can also find secondhand books in the campus bookstore. They are cheap. W: Whats the difference in price?

M: ［25］ The price will be about twothirds of that of a new book and generally they are in good condition. If you take a course for which 【答案解析】 22. Who is Frank? 【解析】 选［B］。细节题。男士提到他的elder brother, Frank…is a senior, Chemistry major（哥哥是化学系的大四学生），故答案为［B］。 23. What can we know about the woman? 【解析】 选［A］。细节题。由男士话中的Since you are a newcomer here, you can also be referred to as the freshman可知女士是一名新生，可以被叫作freshman，故答案为［A］。 24. What would the woman probably do after the conversation? 【解析】 选［C］。推断题。由男士话中的The last thing well do is buy your books 以及对话结尾处女士的话Id better have a look there first可推断，对话结束之后，女士可能会去学校书店看看，故答案为［C］。

25. What can we infer from the conversation? 【解析】 选［A］。细节题。男士提到the professor has selected a new text, then you are stuck

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paying the full price for it.

W: I hope I dont have too many courses like that. ［24②］ Id better have a look there first.The price will be about twothirds of that of a new book（同样一本书，旧书的价格是新书价格的三分之二），故答案为［A］。 Section B Passage One 【听力原文】

The first newspaper was written by hand and put up on walls in public places. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 B.C.. In the 700s the worlds first printed newspaper was published. ［26］ Europe didnt have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany. The first regularly published newspaper in English was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published once a week. ［27］ The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Current, which came out in March 1702.In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper. In 1704, John Campbell started the Boston Newspaper, the first newspaper published daily in the American Colonies. ［28］ By 1760, the colonies had had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1,800 daily papers in the United States. Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shimbun. It sells more than eleven million copies every year. 【答案解析】 26. When was the first regularly published newspaper started in Europe? 【解析】 选［D］。细节题。文中明确提到，Europe didnt have a regularly published newspaper until 1609（欧洲直到1609年才有定期发行的报纸），故答案为［D］。 27. Which one is the first daily English newspaper? 【解析】 选［B］。细节题。文中明确提到，第一份daily English newspaper 就是the Daily Current，故答案为［B］。

28. How many daily newspapers had American colonies probably had by 1760? 【解析】 选［D］。细节题。文中明确提到，截止到1760年, 美国殖民地已经had more than thirty daily newspapers（拥有30多种日报），故答案为［D］。

Passage Two

【听力原文】 How many of you drink cola? Nearly everybody does. Did you know that ［29①］ cola started out not as a soft drink ［30］ but as a cure for headache back in the late 1800s? ［31］ John S. Pamberton, a druggist from Atlanta, had experimented for many months trying to find a cure for the common headache. He worked in his backyard, mixing and heating different combinations of oils and flavors until he found one that seemed promising. Pamberton bottled the mixture and began selling it in drugstores as a concentrated syrup that the customer had to mix with water before drinking. ［29②］ Colas transformation from a concentrated syrup to a carbonated soft drink came about quite by accident. One day a customer came into a drugstore complaining of a headache and asked for a bottle of cola syrup. He wanted to take it right away. So he asked the clerk to mix the medicine while he waited. The clerk, instead of walking to the other end of the counter to get plain water, suggested mixing the syrup with soda water. The customer agreed, and after drinking it, remarked how good it tasted. The clerk continued offering the mixture and ［29③］ carbonated cola grew in popularity. Today carbonated colas are sold in

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most countries around the world. And although they no longer contain the ingredients to kill headaches, they are still very refreshing.【答案解析】 29. What is the passage mainly about? 【解析】 选［C］。主旨题。文章首先以自问自答的形式讲述了可乐的起源(Cola started out…as a cure for headache)，接着讲述了可乐的形成(colas transformation from…a carbonated soft drink)以及可乐的流行(grow in popularity)，由此可知，本文是关于可乐的发展史的，故答案为［C］。

30. What was cola originally used to do? 【解析】 选［B］。细节题。文章开头提到，cola的前身是a cure for headache（治疗头痛的药物），故答案为［B］。

31. Why does the speaker mention John S. Pamberton? 【解析】 选［C］。推断题。文章提到，John S. Pamberton为了研制治疗头痛的药物才配出了cola的最初药方，并且后来cola 成为饮料也是以他的研究发现为基础的，由此可推断John S. Pamberton对可乐的研制很重要，所以要提到这个人，故答案为［C］。 Passage Three

【听力原文】 What has happened to the youth of today? People of the older generations ask this question. Yet, for some time now a movement has been developing among our young people. It is called “Straight Edge” and its followers are attempting to overcome the poisons of life. The leader of this movement is Ian Mckaye, a former Washington singer. ［33］He was the person who set the goals of this movement: no smoking, no drinking, and no drugs. ［32］Since its birth in 1981, the movement has spread to Europe and is growing worldwide.Lutz Dinslage, 19, has been one of the movements followers for a year now. He said, “My friends first introduced me to the movement, and I became interested in it. I began to realize that ［34］I no longer wanted to create false feelings of happiness by smoking, drinking or taking drugs. I did not want to just mess around. For this reason I changed my attitude and my habits and decided to live out the principles of this movement.”At present it is still not clear whether “Straight Edge” will continue to develop into a promising movement of the future. However, ［35］ one thing is certain: we are dealing with a trend that is proving that a healthier life style among the young people is possible. Whether such a life style is worth striving for must be left to individuals to decide.【答案解析】 32. What do we learn from the passage about the youth movement “Straight Edge”? 【解析】 选［B］。细节题。文中提到，自从1981年“Straight Edge”（直刃族）运动诞生以来，这个运动已经流传到欧洲，并且is growing worldwide，由此可知［B］为答案。growing worldwide ≈ expanding。

33. Why did Ian Mckaye launch the “Straight Edge” movement? 【解析】 选［B］。推断题。文中提到“Straight Edge”（直刃族）的目标就是no smoking (不吸烟)，no drinking(不饮酒)，no drugs (不吸毒)，这些使年轻人的生活更加健康，由此可推断Ian Mckaye开展直刃族运动的目标是让年轻人追求a healthier lifestyle，故答案为［B］。 34. What can we infer from the passage about Lutz Dinslage? 【解析】 选［A］。推断题。文中提到，自从Lutz Dinslage参加了Straight Edge之后，他就no longer(不 再)smoking, drinking or taking drugs。由此可知，他过去吸烟、嗜酒还吸毒，故答案为［A］。

35. What is “Straight Edge” proving? 【解析】 选［B］。细节题。文章结尾处提到，Straight Edge所证明的就是a healthier life style among the young people is possible（年轻人能够采取更健康的生活方式），故答案为［B］。

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Section C

【听力原文】 There are two types of people in the world. Although they have (36) equal degrees of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes (37) miserable. This arises from the different ways in which they (38) consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. People who are to be happy fix their attention on the (39) conveniences of things: the pleasant parts of conversation, and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the (40) contrary things. Therefore, they are (41) continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, (42) offend many people, and make themselves (43) disagreeable everywhere. If this mind set was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. (44) The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, (45) but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, (46) it has serious consequences in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.【答案解析】

36．空前的动词have及空后的名词degrees提示所填词可能为形容词或名词。equal意为“相等的，均等的”。

37．空前的动词becomes提示所填词应为形容词，在句中作表语。根据本句开头的连词although推测，所填词可能在语义上与happy相反。miserable意为“可怜的，悲惨的”。 38．分析定语从句句子结构可知，该从句缺少谓语动词，再根据空前的代词they和上下文时态可知所填词应为动词原形。consider意为“看待，考虑”。 39．空前的定冠词the和空后的介词of提示所填词应为名词。本句是关于happy一类的人如何看待事物，根据常理可知，他们关注的是事物的积极方面，故所填词应该是表达积极含义。conveniences意为“便利，方便”。

40．空前的定冠词the和空后的名词things提示所填词应为形容词。把本句与上句进行比较可发现，此处是将不高兴的人和高兴的人看待事物的角度作了对比，两种人看待事物的态度应该是相反的，所关注的事物也应该是相反的，故所填词可能是要表示“相反的”这一含义。contrary意为“相反的”。 41．分析句子结构可知，句子不缺少主要成分，再根据空前的系动词are和形容词discontented可知所填词应为副词。continually意为“不断地，频繁地”。

42．空前的逗号和空后的并列连词and提示所填词应为动词，与sour构成并列结构。offend意为“冒犯，得罪”。

43．空前的动词make和反身代词themselves提示所填词可能为形容词，在句中作宾语补足语。disagreeable意为“不愉快的，厌恶的”。 44．【Main Points】 The tendency to complain and be disgusted perhaps begins by imitation 45．【Main Points】 but it may be cured when people who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes 46．【Main Points】 it has serious effects on life because it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck Part IVSection A 【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了在找工作的过程中充分表现自己的方法。在找工作的过程中，你要真诚地面对自己过去的表现，最好通过与朋友的讨论对要做的事情有一个客观的态度。并且，你要善于使自己成为别人关注的焦点。总之一句话，你应该做好充分准备。【词性归类】

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名词：［B］ approval（赞成，正式批准）；［H］ content（内容，满足）；［J］ acquaintances（相知，熟人）；［K］ preferences（偏爱）；［O］ appraisal（评价） 动词：［E］ advertise（引起对…的注意）；［F］ obtain（获得，得到）；［G］ achieve（完成，达到）；［H］ content（使…满足）；［L］ prove（证明）；［M］ assure（向…担保，保证） 形容词：［C］ essential（必须的，必不可少的）；［D］ flexible（可适应的，灵活的）；［H］ content（愿意的，满足的）；［I］ excellent（卓越的，极好的） 副词：［A］ fortunately（幸运地）；［N］ simultaneously（同时地）47．【解析】选［O］。空前的不定冠词和空后的介词提示所填词应为以元音音素开头的名词，故可将答案限定在［B］ approval和［O］ appraisal中。分析前后句意可知，该句中的An 47 of this sort指的是前一句所说的to appraise past performance honestly and to…（评价自己过去的表现，并对自己的优缺点有一个清楚的认识）。所以所填词应能与appraise构成语义场共现的关系，故答案为［O］ appraisal（评价）。 48．【解析】选［F］。空前的不定式符号to和空后的名词提示所填词应为及物动词原形。分析句意可知，不定式短语to 48 a fresh…在句中充当目的状语，表明…be discussed with a friend的目的。很明显，同朋友讨论自己过去的表现…，能够使自己对要做的事情有一个全新的、客观的认识，备选项中的动词原形用在句中能表达这一含义的为［F］ obtain（获得，得到）。［G］achieve虽然也表示“得到，获取”，但它通常是指成就目标，幸福的取得，不符合本句语境。 49．【解析】选［E］。空前的不定式符号和空后的反身代词提示所填词应为及物动词原形。下句是为解释本句话而进行的举例。因此，只要明确了该例子所要表达的含义就能确定本题的答案。该例子表明这个年轻人通过把自己的担心转移给银行，而caught the banks attention（引起了银行的注意），所以所填词所在的句子应该是要表达“使自己引起别人的注意十分重要”，备选项中的词用在句中能表达此意义的为［E］ advertise（引起对…的注意）。 50．【解析】选［A］。分析句子结构可知，句子主干成分完整，不缺少主要成分，故所填词应为副词，所以可将答案限定在［A］ fortunately和［N］ simultaneously中。而［N］ simultaneously（同时地）通常用来表达几种动作在同一时刻发生，明显不符合本句语境，故可排除。答案为［A］ fortunately（幸运地）。 51．【解析】选［H］。空前的系动词和空后的不定式符号提示所填词可能为形容词或动词的分词形式。备选项中没有动词的分词形式，所以所填词只能为形容词。将备选项中的形容词依次带入原文中可知，最符合本句句意的为［H］ content（愿意的，满足的）。 52．【解析】选［J］。空前的名词提示所填词应为名词。并列连词or提示business 52 应为表示“人”的名词，与their friends并列。备选项中的名词符合这一要求的只有［J］ acquaintances（熟人）。 53．【解析】选［C］。空前的系动词提示所填词应为形容词或动词的分词形式。备选项中没有动词的分词形式，所以所填词只能为形容词。联系上下文可知，An orderly, planned approach是面试时应掌握的方法或技巧之一，而第二段第一句中的to 49 yourself同样是面试应掌握的方法或技巧，所以本句的所填词应与第二段第一句中的important构成同义复现关系，备选项中的形容词符合这一要求的只有［C］ essential（必须的，必不可少的）。 54．【解析】选［L］。空前的情态动词和空后的从句提示所填词应是及物动词原形。备选项中的动词原形在语义上最符合句意的为［L］ prove（证明）。［M］ assure（担保，保证）着重强调“向他人保证”之意，而在本句中则是表达you对自己能够做好一件事有信心，并不含有向他人保证之意，故可排除［M］ assure。 55．【解析】选［D］。该句中的No matter how…是针对 you have prepared yourself to look for a job（包括have decided…, believe and can…, know where you are willing to live…）而言的。

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根据主句的句意可知，no matter how引导的让步状语从句应表达you的优点，这样才能与主句构成合理的让步关系。备选项中的形容词在语义上符合本句句意的有［D］ flexible和［I］ excellent。但上文所述的各个方面中既有个人的能力，如believe and can…you can do it well，又涉及到其他一些方面，如where you are willing to live…等。［I］ excellent（卓越的，极好的）无法涵盖上文提到的所有方面，故可排除。答案为［D］ flexible，它既可以表示能力卓越，又可以表示在某些方面具有灵活性。 56．【解析】选［K］。空前的形容词和空后的介词提示所填词应为名词。将备选项中的名词依次带入原文中，最符合句意的是［K］preferences(偏爱)。

【文章译文】 找工作过程中决定你获得高分的方法之一是诚实地评价以往的工作表现，并且将你的资产和负债在资产负债表中写明。与朋友讨论这种评价可能会使你从中受益，获得一个新颖、客观的观点，从而明白你该做出何种努力。其次，在找工作过程中，宣传自己很重要。一个年轻人——很幸运，他是个有钱人——将自己的忧虑转到了他存钱的那家银行那里。他告诉银行迟早会有什么事发生，从而引起了银行的注意。的确，这个人是个特例。但许多其他人则愿意去拜访朋友或商业伙伴，说他们只是来“看看”，不引起朋友的注意，同时还希望事情有结果。找工作是最艰难的工作，但也可以是最有趣的工作。有条理、有计划的方法是必不可少的。让我们假设一下，你已经决定要做什么了，相信并且可以证明自己可以做得好，知道自己想住在哪儿，并且了解自身价值。简而言之，你已经做好准备找工作了。不管你有多灵活，总有一些公司可以让你发挥作用，而在更多的公司你没有用武之地。起初，除了你个人的偏好，如地点、交通、薪水等因素，行业类别和公司规模也起到了限制作用。Section B Passage One

【文章大意】 本文向我们讲述了一名理想中的绅士会如何为人处世。第一段首先向我们介绍了真正的绅士在面对各种问题时会采取的行为方法；第二段主要讲了绅士的一些性格特点。 57．【解析】选［B］。推理判断题。文章第一段第三句指出a gentleman只会关注如何消除可能会妨碍身边人自由行动的障碍，他通常会concurs with their movements（与他们的行为保持一致）而不是takes the initiative himself（自己带头做某事）。由此可推知，在某一行动被发起时，绅士不会takes the initiative,也就是说他不会成为行动的initiator，故答案为［B］。 58．【解析】选［C］。事实细节题。文章第一段第五句指出gentleman在同别人谈话时，会has his eyes on all his company，也就是说gentleman并不会把自己的注意力集中在某个人身上而忽略其他人，［C］表述的正是此意，故为答案。 59．【解析】选［B］。事实细节题。文章第二段第二句中的he submits to pain because it is inevitable表明，a gentleman忍受pain的原因即是：pain is inevitable（痛苦是不可避免的）。［B］为pain is inevitable的同义表达，故为答案。 60．【解析】选［D］。事实细节题。文章第二段第三句指出a gentleman可能会right or wrong in his opinion，由此可知，a gentleman的想法有时不一定perfectly right，故答案为［D］。第一段第四句指出a gentleman总是会避免all clashing of opinion，collision of feeling，all restraint等，但并没有说a gentleman很少speaks out his own opinion，故［A］错；［B］在文中没有提及；第二段倒数第二句指出gentleman经常会从对手的角度思考，accounts for their mistakes（为他们的错误找出原因），［C］表述与其相反，故也可排除。 61．【解析】选［D］。主旨大意题。文章第一段首先向我们介绍了绅士在面对各种问题时所采取的行为方法；第二段主要讲了绅士的一些性格特点。这些要做起来都并非易事，文章只是讲述an idealized gentleman会做的事情以及他的性格特点，故答案为［D］。

【文章译文】 从不伤害别人几乎成了绅士的定义。这种描述很精妙，而且就目前来说，也

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很准确。［57］绅士主要执着于消除会妨碍他人自由行动的障碍，而且他会与别人的行为保持一致，而不是带头行动。真正的绅士会小心地避免任何可能造成他人不快或惊讶的行为——包括任何意见上的冲突、感情上的碰撞、各种约束、猜疑、沮丧或者怨恨；他最关心的是要让每个人感到像在家一样舒适。［58］绅士在谈话时会将目光放在所有伙伴身上，很少锋芒毕露，而且永远不会表现出厌烦。做这些动作时，绅士会显现出富有好感的目光，并且在谈话时看上去总在聆听。如果不是迫不得已，那么他绝不会谈论自己，也不会为自己辩驳。绅士对诽谤和谣言充耳不闻，而且对于那些打扰他的人，他不会轻易认为他们有某种目的，而会往最好的方面为他们解释。在辩论中，绅士从不刻薄狭隘，从不获取不正当利益，从不因为争吵而误解他人人格或尖锐的言辞，也不会暗指他不敢说出口的那些邪恶的事情。他十分明智，所以不会由于受侮辱而感到被冒犯。他很忙碌，以至于无暇顾及自己受到的伤害，也懒于怨恨别人。根据自己的处世哲学，绅士往往很有耐心、懂得克制而且常常逆来顺受；［59］他正视痛苦，因为痛苦是不可避免的，忍受失去亲友之痛，因为这是命中注定的。［60］他的观点有可能对，也有可能错，但他头脑很清醒，不会不公正；他既单纯又威严，既寡言又果断。我们在其它地方找不到更公正、更体贴、更宽容的对待了；他从对手的角度思考，他为对手的错误辩解。他了解人类理性中的弱点，也了解理性的力量、范畴和局限性。Passage Two

【文章大意】 本文主要是关于工业心理学家们所关注的一些事情。不同于效率专家的是，工业心理学家们主要关注的是如何能优化工作环境及其他影响工人工作的因素进而使工人对工作的满意度达到最高。 62．【解析】选［A］。推理判断题。文章第一段对industrial psychology（工业心理学）进行了定义，即：industrial psychology就是将various psychological techniques运用到选择和培训工业工人、提升高效率工作环境和工作技术以及个人工作满意度等方面上来。通过下文可知，将不同的psychological techniques运用到这些方面中来的目的就是为了使a particular job能够be best accomplished with a minimum of effort and a maximum of individual satisfaction，也就是说为了improve work efficiency（提高工作效率）。［A］表述与原文一致，故为答案。 63．【解析】选［B］。事实细节题。文章第二段第一句指出the selection of workers for particular jobs的主要问题就是寻找该工作所需要的special aptitude和personality characteristics，也就是说当挑选某一工作所需要的工人时，工人的aptitude和characteristics是industrial psychologists主要考虑的因素，故答案为［B］。 64．【解析】选［C］。事实细节题。文章第三段第二句中的therefore表明industrial psychologist不同于efficiency expert的原因是：industrial psychologist主要关注的是怎样用最小的努力来完成一种特殊工作但却能取得最大的individual satisfaction（个人满意度），也就是说industrial psychologist将worksers satisfaction考虑在内了，而efficiency expert则关注的是increased production（增加的产量），故答案为［C］。 65．【解析】选［C］。事实细节题。由文章第三段第一句可知，the way to accomplish a job with a minimum of effort是industrial psychologist所关注的内容，故可排除［A］；由文章第四段第一句和最后一句可知，the state of mind of workers when working以及the communication between employees and management都属于industrial psychologist所关注的内容，故可排除［B］、［D］。文章只是提及industrial psychologist研究如何改善工作环境才能使工人更好地完成工作，但并没有说他们研究working environment对工人的影响，故答案为［C］。 66．【解析】选［A］。事实细节题。文章最后一段第二句指出，在某些案例中，研究证明reducing the number of working hours或increasing the number of rest periods or “breaks” 能够增加the total production on particular jobs，也就是说工人的休息次数越多，他们所创造的生产量就会越大，［A］的表述与此相符，故为答案。

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【文章译文】 ［62］工业心理学是对多种心理学技能的应用，包括挑选训练工人、提升有效率的工作环境和技能，以及个人工作满意度。［63］为某些特定的工作挑选员工的主要问题在于发现这种工作所需要的特殊资质和性格特点，以及设计测试题来确定哪些求职者具有这些资质和特点。这种测试早已发展成为心理学研究的一个领域。［65①］一旦工人就职并且接受了培训，工业心理学家的主要目标就成为找到一种方法，用最少的努力和最大的个人满意度将这项特定工作完成得最好。［64］因此，心理学家的职能与那些所谓的效率专家不同，后者将重心放在增加产量上。心理学技巧用于减少某项工作所需付出的努力，这包括详细研究该项工作需要如何操作、需要用到什么设备，以及需要什么环境。做完这项研究后，工业心理学家常常可以确定所讨论的工作可以通过改变其本身的工作模式、改变或移动所使用的工具、改善工作环境或综合以上方法，从而更加轻松地将其完成。［65②］工业心理学家也对工人的疲劳效应进行了研究，从而确定多长的工作时间可以达到最高的生产力。［66］某些情况下，这些研究证实，特定工作的总产量可以通过减少日常工作时间或增加休息时间来增加。［65③］工业心理学家可能也会建议更间接地改善总体工作表现，比如在员工和管理层之间建立一个更好的沟通平台。Part V【文章大意】 本文的主要内容是关于工作的意义。文章第一段主要说明工作对不同的人有不同的意义；第二段首先指出了Horatio Alger的书中所表达的理念，即只要努力，人人都可能成功，紧接着指出现实并不是如此，要想成功并不是一件容易的事。 67．【解析】选［D］。惯用衔接题。选项中经常与attitude搭配使用的介词为［D］ toward，attitude toward sth.意为“对…的态度”。 68．【解析】选［D］。惯用衔接题。选项中能与介词to搭配使用的动词为［D］ related，故为答案。be related to意为“与…有关”；［A］ associated常与with连用，be associated with意为“与…联系”；［B］ concerned，常与with或about连用，be concerned with / about意为“关心…”；［C］ depended，常与on连用，意为“依赖”。 69．【解析】选［A］。语义衔接题。联系上下文可知，所填词应是指work，故其应为代词，指代work，答案为［A］ it。 70．【解析】选［A］。语义衔接题。ensure为及物动词，其后可直接跟名词作宾语，故答案为［A］ survival。 71．【解析】选［B］。惯用衔接题。see…as…为常用搭配，意为“把…看作…”，故答案为［B］ as。 72．【解析】选［A］。语义衔接题。首先从语法上可排除［C］ excessive of和［D］ much exceeding。［A］ far beyond和［B］ close behind表达的意思相反。根据上下文可知，corporation president已经不把work看作是生存所必需的，也就是说corporation president看待work超过了what is necessary for survival这一范畴，选项中表示“超越，超过”这一含义的只有［A］ far beyond。 73．【解析】选［C］。逻辑衔接题。将四个选项分别带入原文可知，能准确表现not highly paid与主句的逻辑关系的是［C］ although，用在句中表明not highly paid与主句存在让步关系。 74．【解析】选［B］。语义衔接题。结合四个选项和该空所在句的大意可知，74 stimulation想表达的是“精神鼓舞”，［A］ mental和［B］ spiritual都意为“精神的”，但不同的是［A］ mental通常与“健康或思想状态”有关，而［B］ spiritual通常指的是“某人在某一段时间的感觉或使某人具有什么样的生活方式的特质”。“精神鼓舞”明显表达的是一种“感觉”，故答案为［B］ spiritual。 75．【解析】选［B］。语义衔接题。将四个选项分别带入原文可知，最符合本句句意的是［B］ satisfaction“满意”。［A］ saturation意为“饱和，饱和度”；［C］ inauguration意为“开幕式”；［D］ termination意为“终止”。

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76．【解析】选［A］。结构衔接题。belief提示其后的从句为同位语从句，选项中能引导同位语从句的只有［A］ that。 77．【解析】选［A］。语义衔接题。根据下文所举的American Dream的例子可知，只要人们能够努力工作（hard work）、诚实（honesty）和足够幸运（luck）都可以becoming wealthy，也就是说becoming wealthy是hard work、honesty和luck给人们带来的回报。本句中的working，producing和achieving与hard work、honesty和luck的性质一样，都是能使人们获得回报的方式。选项中能表示“回报”的只有［A］ rewarded by。 78．【解析】选［A］。语义衔接题。本句定语从句中的anyone表明become successful是任何人都可以拥有的机会，即become successful的机会对每个人来说都是平等的，选项中的词用在句中能表达此意的只有［A］ equality。［B］ alignment“队列，结盟”；［C］ acquisition“获得，获得物”；［D］ segregation“种族隔离”。 79．【解析】选［B］。语义衔接题。首先从语法上可排除［A］ written和［C］ appeared。［B］ exemplified“例证，举例说明”；［D］ shown“表示，展示”都在语义上符合本句句意。但根据上下文可知，Horatio Alger是通过stories来向读者传达一种理念的，即任何人都有机会成为成功人士，由此可知stories在本文中是作为例子被用来说明a belief的，故最佳答案应是［B］ exemplified。 80．【解析】选［D］。语义衔接题。结合原文及四个选项可知，所填词应能正确表达Horatio Alger的身份。根据句中的stories，American Dream不难推断，Horatio Alger是一名novelist“小说家”，故答案为［D］ novelist。 81．【解析】选［A］。语义衔接题。根据下句中的becoming wealthy可知，穷人通过他们的hard work，honesty和luck就会变得wealthy，故所填词应是wealthy的原词复现或近义复现，故答案为［A］ rich。 82．【解析】选［B］。结构衔接题。根据句中的poor和wealthy在语义上的对比可知，主从句之间应是让步关系才符合逻辑，选项中能引导让步状语的只有［B］ no matter how，故为答案。 83．【解析】选［A］。逻辑衔接题。首先从语法上可排除［B］ unless和［D］ despite。［A］ as long as和［C］ if都有表示“如果”之意，但二者在用法上存在差别。［A］ as long as着重强调“条件”，而［C］ if则是表示假设性的条件。本句中they were diligent…是becoming wealthy的必要条件，故可排除［C］ if，答案为［A］ as long as。 84．【解析】选［B］。语义衔接题。空前的并列连词and提示所填词应与diligent一样，都为积极词，故可将答案限定在［A］ reverend“可尊敬的”和［B］ virtuous“善良的，有道德的”中。从二者语义来看最符合句意的为［B］ virtuous。 85．【解析】选［D］。逻辑衔接题。上文指出在Horatio Alger的书中，人人都有机会成功，即使是再穷的人都有机会变富，而本句则指出“ragstoriches” stories do not represent the reality of opportunity。文章前后在语义上存在转折关系，故所填词应是转折连词，选项中符合此要求的只有［D］ however。 86．【解析】选［D］。语义衔接题。本句后一分句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为to 86。根据上下文语义联系可知，the “American Dream”所传达的a belief“理念”与现实存在差别，也就是说，现实中不可能人人都会成功的，所以所填词应该表示这一层含义，选项中符合要求的只有［D］ get ahead，get ahead在本句中意为“获得成功”。 Part VI87．【答案】 not what he said, but the way he spoke

【解析】 本题考查对not… but…句式的掌握。not… but…意为“不是…而是…”。“某人做…的方式”通常用“the way + 主语 + 谓语”来表示。 88．【答案】 raising flocks of thousands of chickens

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【解析】 本题考查对非谓语动词的掌握。结合汉语及英语意思可知，“养上数千只鸡”在句中作主语，所以应使用动名词短语来表达这一意思。flocks of意为“大量，众多”。 89．【答案】 the moment she appeared on the stage / as soon as she appeared on the stage

【解析】 本题考查对时间状语从句的掌握。“the moment+时间状语从句”或“as soon as＋时间状语从句”常用来表示一个行为发生后，紧接着发生另一个行为。 90．【答案】 She must be on her way to school

【解析】 本题考查对情态动词表推测的掌握。根据所给汉语中的“一定”可知，适合用于本句的情态动词为must。“在…路上”通常可用on ones way to…来表达。 91．【答案】 depending on where and how the money is spent

【解析】 本题考查对现在分词作状语的掌握。本句前后没有连词，只有逗号隔开，所以只能用动词的现在分词形式来表达所给内容。“取决于…”通常用depend on来表达。

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