新概念青少版1A 语法知识总结

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新概念1A 语法

一、a/an是对好姐妹,各司其职要用对。

a和an用在可数名词单数形式前面都表示‘一个’,但是在元音前面要用an。五个元音字母为:a, e, i, o, u。如:an apple, an egg, an insect, an orange, an umbrella。

二、this,that,these, those

this 和 that 是弟弟,后面只能跟一个。(后面跟is 及单数名词。) This is my tie. That tie is colourful.

these 和those 是哥哥,后面可以跟很多个。(跟are 及复数名词。) These are my ties. Those ties are colourful. this, these离你近,that,those离你远。

三、想说物品属于谁,名字加上 ’s。

如:威廉的照相机,用英语表达就是William’s camera。 露西的钥匙,用英语表达就是 Lucy’s key。

四、be动词。

be 动词就像孙悟空一样,碰到不同的人就会变身。如碰到I的时候它就会变成am, 碰到you,we,they的时候就会变成are, 碰到he,she,it的时候就会变成is.记住下面的口诀就可以了:我用am你用are, is用在他、她、它,复数后面全用are,火眼金睛人不差。

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五、可数名词单数变复数规律 ①一般情况下名词后加-s ,例如:

desk → desks , girl →girls ,book → books ②在以x,s,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-es ,例如:

bus → buses , box → boxes ,watch → watches , dish → dishes . 此时读[iz]. ③以y结尾的单词

? 以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词,先将y 改为i ,再加-es 。例如: baby → babies ,family → families ,berry → berries . ? 以元音字母(a,e,i,o,u)加y 结尾,直接加-s 。例如: boy → boys ,toy → toys ,play → plays .

④以f 或fe 结尾的名词,先将f 或fe 变为 v ,再加-es .例如: knife → knives, life → lives , leaf → leaves ⑤以o结尾的名词

? 如果是没有生命的话,加-s .例如: zoo → zoos

? 如果是有生命的话,加-es .例如: potato → potatoes, tomato → tomatoes ⑥以man结尾的名词,把man变为men. 例如: man → men , woman → women ⑦单数和复数的形式是一样的。例如: sheep → sheep

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六、人称代词 主格 I (我) you (你) he (他) she (她) it (它) we (我们) you (你们) they (他们) 宾格 me (我) you (你) 形容词性物主代词 my (我的) your (你的) him (他) his (他的) her (她) it (它) her (她的) its (它的) us (我们) our (我们的) you (你们) your (你们的) them (他们) their (他们的) 主格是动作的发出者,一般放在动词的前面。宾格是动作的接受者,一般放在动词的后面。如: He likes Lucy. Lucy likes him. Lucy likes his dog. 七、重点句型

特殊疑问词 What 意思 什么? 例句 What is that in the black box? It’s my new camera. What colour 什么颜色? What colour are your new shoes? They’re red. What nationality

什么国籍? What nationality is Steven? 5-3

He’s American. What do you do? What’s her job? 做什么工作? What do you do? I’m a student. What’s her job? She’s an actress. What’s the time? What time is it? Who 谁? 几点 What time is it? It’s eight o’clock. Who is that girl over there? Oh, it’s Lucy. Whose 谁的? Whose tie is that? It’s Paul’s. Which 哪一个? Give me the pen, please. Which pen? The one on the table. Where 哪里? Where is Robert? He’s in the kitchen. Where is he from? 从哪里来? Where is he from? He’s from America. How 怎么样? How are you? I’m very well, thanks. How many 多少? How many players are there? There are 13 people. 5-4

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