复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Unit5Meetingyourancestors讲义新

Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors

话题素材——古代文化

[话题词汇]

1．historian n. 历史学家 2．primitive adj. 原始的 3．ancient adj. 古代的 4．civilized adj. 文明的 5．hardship n. 苦难 6．cultural gap 文化差距 7．originate from 起源于

8．come into being 形成；产生；出现 9．historic relics 历史遗产 10．date back to/date from 追溯到 11．in memory of 为了纪念 12．pass down 传递；使流传 13．look back at history 回顾历史 14．settle in 定居；安顿下来 15．ancient society 古代社会 [经典佳句]

1．In the course of history, every event will exert its influence on the_past and the_present.

在历史的发展进程中，每一事件都会对当时和过去产生影响。 2．Life consists_of_not_only sunshine but_also hard times. 生活充满的不仅仅是阳光，还有艰苦岁月。

3．This is the_site_of Upper Cave man, where our ancestors once lived.

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这就是山顶洞人的遗址，我们祖先在远古生活的地方。

精美语篇

To the southwest of Beijing lies Zhoukoudian, where Peking Man are believed to have lived. They lived in the caves, regardless of the cold. They didn't have mats, blankets or quilts. But they made fires to cook the food, scare wild beasts away and keep warm.

Peking Man didn't grow their own crops but picked fruit when it ripened and hunted animals with a spear. They used the sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin, onto which they rubbed an ample amount of salt to make it soft. They used a needle, which was at most three centimeters long, to make clothes whose materials are the skins of the animals. They even wore a primitive necklace, which was made of seashells.

Peking Man suffered from cold, starvation and diseases. However, the discovery of the cave is of great significance to the study of human history.

◆ 高频单词

1．alternative (n.) 可能的选择 (adj.) 供选择的；其他的 2．starvation (n.) 挨饿；饿死→starve (vi.) 挨饿；饿死 3．accuracy (n.) 精确；准确→accurate (adj.) 准确的；精确的 4．interrupt (vt.& vi.) 打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止 5．acute (adj.) 有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的

6．assume (vt.) 假定；设想；承担→assumption (n.) 假定；承担

7．sharpen (vi.& vt.) (使)锋利；尖锐；清晰→sharp (adj.) 锋利的；尖锐的→sharpener (n.) 磨具；削具

8．messy (adj.) 凌乱的；脏的→mess (n.) 凌乱；脏

9．analysis (n.) (pl.analyses) 分析→analyse (vt.) 分析；分解 10．ripen (vt. & vi.) 使……成熟；成熟→ripe (adj.) 成熟的

11．significance (n.) 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significant (adj.) 重要的

12．somehow (adv.) 以……方式；不知怎么地

13．systematic (adj.)有系统的；有计划的；有条理的→system (n.) 系统；体系 14．delete (vt.) 删；删除

15．receptionist (n.) 接待员；招待员→receive (v.) 收到；接待→reception (n.) 接待处；欢迎

16．division (n.) 分割；划分；分配；分界线→divide (vt.) 划分；隔开；分割 17．applaud (vi.& vt.) 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applause (n.) 鼓掌 18．accelerate (vi.& vt.) 加速；促进→acceleration (n.) 加速

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19．arrest (vt.) 逮捕；吸引 (n.) 逮捕；拘留→arresting (adj.) 引人注意的；很有吸引力的

◆ 重点短语

1．have no alternative but to do ... 别无选择；只好…… 2．regardless_of 不管；不顾 3．keep_out 阻止进入 4．at_most 至多；最多 5．cut_up 切碎

6．fed up with 受够了；饱受；厌烦 7．look ahead 向前看；为将来打算 8．arrest sb. for ... 因……而逮捕某人 9．with relief 欣慰地；轻松地 10．date back to 追溯到；始于

◆ 热点句型

1．It seems (to sb.) that ... “(对某人来说)似乎……”

It_seems_that (看起来似乎) they used the sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin.(教材P38)

2．as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的内容，意为“正如；正像”

Yes, indeed, as_the_botanical_analyses_have_shown_us (正如植物学的分析结果已经向我们展示的), all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.(教材P39)

3．if only 常引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句，表示“要是……就好了” If_only (要是……就好了) it could be just like last year！(教材P43) 4．“had＋过去分词 ... when ...”表示“刚刚……这时……”

She had_almost_reached (就要到达) her destination when (这时) a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.(教材P43)

5．only to do表示意想不到的或令人失望的结果，意思是“结果却……”

Abruptly she sat down, only_to_be_scooped_up (结果却被……搂了起来) by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.(教材P43)

◆ 同步训练

在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England, ________ are interested in archaeology.

答案：who

2．You must be aware that it's here ________ we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.

答案：that

3．So we think it is reasonable ________ (assume) they lived in these caves, regardless ________ the cold.

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答案：to assume; of

4．They couldn't have mats, blankets or quilts like we do. It must ________ (be) very uncomfortable.

答案：have been

5．They might have kept the fire ________ (burn) all winter. 答案：burning

6．We haven't found any doors but we think they might have hung animal skins at the cave mouth to keep ________ the cold during the freezing winter.

答案：out

7．We know that they moved around, ________ (follow) the herds of animals. 答案：following

8．That's ________ they are called hunters and gatherers. 答案：why

9．He had a large, square face, ________ strongly pronounced eyebrows and cheekbones.

答案：with

10．Lala smiled and handed some stone scrapers over to Dahu, ________ smiled and went outside the cave to begin his task.

答案：who

1 alternative adj.供选择的；其他的 n．可能的选择；选择对象 教材原句

Can you think of the alternatives we would use today？(P37) 你能想到我们今天可供利用的办法吗？

(1)have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 have the alternative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择 there's no alternative ... ……别无选择 an alternative to ... ……的替代品 (2)alternatively adv.可供选择地

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①I'm afraid I have_no_alternative_but_to_report you to the police. 恐怕除了向警方告发你以外，我别无选择了。

②If you don't like the school lunch, you have_the_alternative_of_bringing your own.

要是你不喜欢学校的午餐，你可以选择自己带饭。 [联想] “别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达形式 a．have no choice but to do sth. b．cannot but do sth. c．can do nothing but do sth. d．cannot help/choose but do sth.

2 interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；暂时中断或中止；打岔 教材原句

I'm sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here？(P38) 对不起，打断了你的讲话，但是他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？

(1)interrupt sb./sth. (with sth.) (因某事)打断某人/某事 (2)interruption n. 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物 without interruption 连续地；不断地；不受打扰

①They were_interrupted by a sudden and urgent knock at the door. 他们被突然而急促的敲门声打断了。

②Let's go somewhere where we can talk without_interruption. 我们去个说话不受打扰的地方吧。 3 assume vt.假定；设想；承担 教材原句

So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.(P38)

所以我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。

(1)assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某事为…… It is assumed that ... ……被认为…… (2)assumption n. 假定；假设

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make an assumption 认为；假定 on the assumption that ... 假定…… (3)assuming (that) conj. 假设，假定

(4)类似assuming引导条件状语从句时，用法相似的表达有： ①supposing (that) conj. 假设；假如

②provided/providing (that) conj. 只要；如果 ③given that conj. 鉴于；考虑到

④considering prep. & conj. 鉴于；考虑到

①We assumed_him_to_be the best writer of our time. 我们认为他是我们这个时代最好的作家。

②It_is generally assumed_that stress is caused by too much work. 普遍认为，压力是由于工作过多导致。

③Assuming/Supposing (that) it rains, what shall we do? 假如下雨的话，我们该怎么办？

4 somehow adv.以某种方式(或方法)；不知怎么地 教材原句

Somehow he cycled thirty miles to Dr Black because there was no alternative means of transport. (P40)

不管怎样他都会骑车去三十英里之外的布莱克博士那儿，因为没有其他可供选择的交通方式。

somehow常用于陈述句、否定句，可置于句首或句尾，修饰全句。

①Both commentators, somehow,_are missing the point. 不知怎么地，两位评论员都跑题了。

②Don't worry, we'll get the money back somehow. 别担心，我们总会把那些钱设法拿回来的。

③As we all know, most of us middle school students feel somehow nervous whenever we're taking an important exam.

众所周知，我们大多数中学生在要参加重要考试时，都会紧张。 [易混辨析]

anyhow somehow ＝anyway，意为“无论如何” 意为“以某种方式”或“由于某种原因；不知怎么地” 6

make an assumption 认为；假定 on the assumption that ... 假定…… (3)assuming (that) conj. 假设，假定

(4)类似assuming引导条件状语从句时，用法相似的表达有： ①supposing (that) conj. 假设；假如

②provided/providing (that) conj. 只要；如果 ③given that conj. 鉴于；考虑到

④considering prep. & conj. 鉴于；考虑到

①We assumed_him_to_be the best writer of our time. 我们认为他是我们这个时代最好的作家。

②It_is generally assumed_that stress is caused by too much work. 普遍认为，压力是由于工作过多导致。

③Assuming/Supposing (that) it rains, what shall we do? 假如下雨的话，我们该怎么办？

4 somehow adv.以某种方式(或方法)；不知怎么地 教材原句

Somehow he cycled thirty miles to Dr Black because there was no alternative means of transport. (P40)

不管怎样他都会骑车去三十英里之外的布莱克博士那儿，因为没有其他可供选择的交通方式。

somehow常用于陈述句、否定句，可置于句首或句尾，修饰全句。

①Both commentators, somehow,_are missing the point. 不知怎么地，两位评论员都跑题了。

②Don't worry, we'll get the money back somehow. 别担心，我们总会把那些钱设法拿回来的。

③As we all know, most of us middle school students feel somehow nervous whenever we're taking an important exam.

众所周知，我们大多数中学生在要参加重要考试时，都会紧张。 [易混辨析]

anyhow somehow ＝anyway，意为“无论如何” 意为“以某种方式”或“由于某种原因；不知怎么地” 6

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