小初高学习2018年高考英语一轮复习语法专题非谓语动词2讲含解析

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非谓语动词（2）

非谓语动词考点，是英语高考必考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有：非谓语动词作定语、非谓语动词作状语、动名词作主语、非谓语动词的独立主格结构、非谓语动词短语与状语从句之间的转换等。 命题形式：

本考点在广东高考中的命题形式主要有：1.语法填空（短文填空）（出现在全国卷中）；2.书面表达 解题技巧：

解答非谓语动词类试题，可以从以下几个方面着手考虑：

非谓语动词是高中英语教学法的重点和难点，也是历届高考的重点项目。命题热点多是借助于基本概念，在语境中考查常用动词的各种非谓语形式以及个性动词后的非谓语形式的不同要求。有时也涉及到非谓语动词逻辑主语的一致性问题以及独立结构中非谓语的各种变化。其考点主要包括：

1、考查不定式和动名词作宾语的区别。要求熟记“三类”动词：（1）只能接不定式作宾语的动词。如：seem, attempt, neglect, afford, demand, long, arrange, mean, expect等；（2）只能接动名词作宾语的动词。如：acknowledge, admit, appreciate, avoid, delay, escape, consider, permit, imagine, postpone, risk,等；（3）接不定式和动名词意义有别的动词。如：remember, try, mean, regret等。

2、考查不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别。简单地说就是：不定式表示“未来的动作”，现在分词表示“进行的动作”，过去分词表示“完成的动作”。

3、考查不定式和分词作状语的区别。（1）结果状语：only to do表示“出乎意料的结果”；thus doing表示“自然而然的结果”。（2）程度状语：be glad（silly，sad，disappointed，satisfied，sorry，surprised…）to have done表示“很高兴（愚蠢、难过…）做了….”。（3）原因状语：being＋形容词（过去分词、副词、介词短语、名词）通常在句中表示原因。

4、考查分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别。（1）感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有三种形式：不带to 的不定式、现在分词和过去分词。（2）leave 后接三种形式作宾补：leave sb doing sth“让某人一直做某事”,;leave sth undone“留下某事未做”; leave sth to be done“留下某事要做”。（3）have, get 后接三种形式作宾补：have/get sth done “使/让某事由别人去做”(叫/让某人做某事);have sb / sth doing “使/让某人/物持续地做某事”(现在分词表示主动或正在进行);get sb / sth doing “使某人/物开始行动起来”;have sb do sth (get sb to do sth) “使/让 /叫某人去做某事”。（4）be said（reported、thought、considered…）+ to do sth（据说“要…”）/ to be doing sth（据说“正在…”）/ to have done sth（据说“已经…”）。 5、考查非谓语的时态和语态。即，现在分词的一般体和完成体的区别；过去分词和现在分词的区别。 学习教育+K12资料

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6、考查非谓语动词的其它结构。with（out）复合宾语结构、独立主格结构、不定式的复合结构等。 2015年高考将继续加强对非谓语动词的考查，而且对分词的考查仍是重点。试题的测试点将呈现出“情景化”和“设问角度多样化”的趋势，但试题的难度不会太大。 考点揭秘

1.We got a little_____（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.

2.“In the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little ,always （think）that it was only small and not very important ,and look where we have ended up today.”

【答案与解析】thinking, 考查非谓语动词，现在分词形式表伴随。

3.He suddenly appeared in class one day, _____ (wear) sun glasses.

【答案与解析】wearing 考查非谓语动词的用法。作伴随状语，描述谓语动词appear的状态，表主动，用现在分词。句意为：一天他突然出现在课堂上，戴着太阳镜。

4. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man ________ (sit) at the front.

【答案与解析】sitting/sit notice sb doing/do sth

5.Even if a grade is not given, the student is responsible for 19. ________ (learn) the material assigned.

【答案与解析】learning 此处for是介词，其后用动名词。

语法填空练习

1.完成下列的语法填空（注意非谓语动词的用法） 语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said___1___ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.

After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months__2____ （early）, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We __3__（tell）that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, __4___ for the week after. I didn’t understand __5__ 学习教育+K12资料

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this would happen and my credit card had already been charged___6___ the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was ___7__（surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __8___ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.

The next day, my brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little___10__（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind. 1._________ 2._________3.________ 4.__________ 5.__________6._________ 7._________8.________ 9.__________ 10.__________ 【答案】 1.it 2.earlier 3.were told 4.but 5.why 6.for

7.surprisingly 8.the 9.where

10.sunburned/ sunburnt

2.earlier 考查形容词比较级及语境的理解。这里是暗含比较，虽然没有比较连词，但是在到达之前早就预定好的，所以应该用比较级。这个题如果考生没有看出是暗含比较很容易填原形。

3.were told考查动词的语态及语境的理解。这里we与tell之间是被动关系，即服务员告诉我们，我们的

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