北京大学16秋季 36081003-大学英语3-第一组

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一、阅读理解(共10题，每题2分，共20分)

请阅读以下文章，回答文章后的五个小题。每个小题只有一个最佳选项。 1）.

Wouldyouriskyourlifeforacountrythatconsideredyouasecond-classcitizen?Wouldyoujoinamilitarythataskedyoutorisksacrificingyourlifebutseparatedyoufromothersoldiersbecauseofthecolorofyourskin?ThatispreciselywhattheTuskegeeAirmendid.Theywerebrave,intelligent,African-AmericanmenandwomenwhofoughtfortheUnitedStatesinWorldWarII.

In1940,PresidentFranklinDelanoRooseveltagreedtoallowAfricanAmericanstoflyairplanesinthemilitary.Beforethat,AfricanAmericanscouldonlyserveintheArmedForcesaspartofthegroundtroops.ThefirstAfricanAmericanairmenreportedfordutyin1941.TheybegantheirtrainingoutsideofTuskegee,Alabama.Thesoldierswerecompletelyseparatedbvraceandthetworacescouldnotcommunicate.About450AfricanAmericanpilotsfinishedthetraining.ThesemenweretheoriginalTuskegeeAirmen.

TheTuskegeeAirmenhadanamazingrecord.Theydidnotloseanyofthebomberstheywereescorting(护航)Whenthewarwasoverin1945，theTuskegeeAirmenwereheroes.ButwhentheyreturnedtoAmerica,theywereappalledtofindoutthattheywerestilltreatedlikesecond-classcitizens.Theyfacedthesamesegregation(种族隔离）anddiscrimination(歧视）astheyhadbeforetheybegantheirtraining.

FrederickHenry,oneoftheoriginalTuskegeeAirmen,livesinDetroit,Michigan.BecausehewasfromtheNorth，hewouldoftenforgetthesegregationrulesoftheSouth.Once,Henrywasonabusalonewithawhitebusdriver.Soon,afterthetwohadtalkedforawhile，awaveofotherpassengerscameonthebus.Aproblemarosewhensomewhitepassengerswerestillstanding,whichwasagainsttherules.Henrywasputoffthebus,eventhoughhewasthefirstpersontoboardthebusandhadpaidhisfare.

Onethingdidchange,however.In1948，PresidentHarryS.Trumansignedanexecutiveorderprohibitingsegregationinthemilitary.Eventually,theTuskegeeAirmenwereofficiallythankedfortheiramazingeffortsinthewar.

1. Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AmericanSoldiersinWorldWarII B.AmericanCivilRightsMovement C.TheTuskegeeAirmen

D.RacialDiscriminationintheU.S.

2. Whatdoestheword“appalled”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?

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A.Reluctant. B.Pleased. C.Shocked. D.Relieved.

3. ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHenry___.

A.refusedtogiveuphisseattoawhitepassenger B.refusedtopayhisbusfare C.hadafightwiththebusdriver D.wasthelastpersontoboardthebus

4. In___,PresidentHarryS.Trumanorderedtoendmilitarysegregation. A.1940 B.1941 C.1945 D.1948

5. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheTuskegeeAirmenisTRUE?

A.InWorldWarII，theyneverlostabombertoenemyfire.

B.Theywerethefirstgroupofblacksoldiersevertrainedbythegroundtroops. C.Theywerenotsubjectedtoracialdiscriminationinthearmy.

D.TheywerealreadysoldiersinthegroundtroopsbeforetheirtrainingatTuskegeebegan. 2）.

Whenwe’relearningaforeignlanguage,makingsenseofwhatwehearisthefirststeptowardfluency.Itsoundsobvious,butuntilrecently,wedidn’tknowmuchabouthowlisteningworks.Newresearchdemonstratesthateffectivelisteninginvolvesmorethansimplyhearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears.Rather,it’sanactiveprocessofreceivinginformationandmakingmeaning.Thiskindofengagedlisteningisaskillthat’sascriticalforlearningarangeofsubjectsatschoolandworkasitisforlearningtounderstandaforeigntongue.

Studiesofskilledlanguagelearnershaveidentifiedspecificlisteningstrategiesthatleadtosuperiorcomprehension.Lastyear,forexample,UniversityofOttawaresearcherLarryVandergriftpublishedhisstudyof106undergraduateswhowerelearningFrenchasasecondlanguage.Halfofthestudentsweretaughtinaconventionalfashion,listeningtoandpracticingtextsspokenaloud.Theotherhalf,possessingthesameinitial(

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最初的)skilllevelandtaughtbythesameteacher,weregivendetailedinstructiononhowtolisten.Itminedoutthatthesecondgroup“significantlyoutperformed”(胜过)thefirstoneonatestofcomprehension.

Sowhataretheselisteningstrategies?Skilledlearnersgointoalisteningclasswithasenseofwhattheywanttogetoutofit.Theysetagoalfortheirlisteningandtheygeneratepredictionsaboutwhatthespeakerwillsay.Beforethetalkingbegins,theymentallyreviewwhattheyalreadyknowaboutthesubject,andformanintentionto“listenoutfor”what’simportantorrelevant.Oncetheybeginlistening,theselearnersmaintaintheirfocus;iftheirattentionwanders,theybringitbacktothewordsbeingspoken.Theydon’tallowthemselvestobethrownoffbyconfusingorunfamiliardetails.Instead,theytakenoteofwhattheydon’tunderstandandmakeinferencesaboutwhatthosethingsmightmean,basedonothercluesavailabletothem:theirpreviousknowledgeofthesubject,thecontext(语境)ofthetalk,,theidentityofthespeaker,andsoon.

6. Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Effectivelisteningmeanshearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears.

B.Developingyourlisteningskillsisthefirststeptowarddevelopingfluency. C.Skilledlistenersusespecificstrategiestogetthemostoutofwhattheyhear. D.Listeningisoneofthemostpowerfultoolswehavetogaininformation.

7. WhatdoesVandergrift’sresearchshow?

A.Learnerswhoadoptspecificlisteningstrategiesbecomebetterlisteners. B.Learnerstaughtinthetraditionalwayarebetteratreinforcingwhattheylearn. C.Learnersaremoreconfidentiftheymakefewermistakes. D.Learnerswholistenonaregularbasisimprovefaster.

8. WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutVandergrift’sresearchisTRUE?

A.TheparticipantswerepostgraduateslearningFrenchasasecondlanguage.

B.Alltheparticipantsweretaughtusingtheconventionalmethod,withthefocusonlisteningstrategies. C.Thetwogroupsweretaughtbydifferentteachers. D.Theparticipantswereatthesameinitialskilllevel.

9. Theexpression“thrownoff”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“___”.

A.infected B.confused C.ruined D.informed

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10. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstrategiesisNOTusedbyskilledlearners?

A.Reviewtheirpriorknowledgeofthesubject. B.Concentrateonthespeaker’swords. C.Translateintotheirnativelanguage. D.Predictwhatthespeakerwillsay.

二、词汇与结构(共15题，每题2分，共30分)

11. Thefriedfishweateattherestaurantyesterdayisdelicious.I'dliketohaveitagainevenifitcosts___.

A.astwicemuch B.twiceasmuch C.muchastwice D.asmuchtwice

12. ___toomuchtodo,theyhavetokeepthemselvesbusyalldaylong. A.Having B.Have C.Had D.Being

13. Airpollution,togetherwithoverpopulation,___manyproblemsinbigcities.

A.arecausing B.iscausing C.arecaused D.iscaused

14. Tedworkedlikeahorseinhisyouth,___contributedtohisgreatsuccesslaterasabusinessman. A.that B.who C.what D.which

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15. Afewhoursago,asmallsuitcasewithsomeimportantpapers___stolenfromthegeneralmanager'soffice. A.is B.are C.were D.was

16. GeneralBlairhadbeeninthearmy___for35yearswhenheretiredfromthenavy. A.service B.work C.job

D.homework

17. Lindaisquitedifferent___hersisterincharactershelikesfriendsandgoesoutalotwhilehersisteralwaysstaysaloneathome. A.to B.from C.at D.on

18. Theygotoworkeveryday___SaturdayandSunday.Thosedaysareholidays. A.besides B.on C.from D.except

19. Shehas___chancetowintheelectionasheropponentistoostrong. A.little B.alittle C.few D.afew

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