学而思新概念语法整理
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语法一: 人称代词 第一人第二人称 称 第三人称 复数 人称 代词 单复单数 数 数 复单数 数 主 I we you you he she it they 格 人 称代 词 宾 格 me us you you him her it them 句型转化(Be动词做谓语) 肯定句:主语+be动词 否定句:主语+be动词+not 一般疑问句:be动词+主语? 物主代词
I we you you he she it they my our your your his her its their 特殊疑问句:
What colour is…? It‘s red. What nationality are you? I‘m Chinese.
Where are you from? I‘m from China. Where do you come from? I come from China. Whose bag is it? It‘s my bag. What‘s your job? I‘m a mechanic.
What‘s the weather like? It‘s sunny/rainy/snowy/cloudy. What‘s the climate like? It‘s pleasant/warm/wet/dry.
语法二:
一、不可数名词
定义:―抽刀断水水更流‖(难以分开的一个整体,不可分割的事物)。 特点:
1、前面无a/an,后无s;
2、表达复数用量词修饰,量词可数; Eg. Milk-a bottle of milk-two bottles ofmilk Soap-abar of soap-three bars of soap 二、some和any用法
相同点:表示一些,后面都可加可数名词复数或不可数名词
不同点:some常用在肯定句,但是在表示建议,反问,请求的疑问句中,或期望得到肯定回答时,多用some而不用any; any用在否定句和疑问句。 三、指代用法
One指代可数名词单数 Ones指代可数名词复数
Any可指代可数名词复数或不可数名词 四、句型
1、Do you like…? Yes, I do.
Yes, I do. But I don‘t want… No, I don‘t.
2、Do you want…? Yes, please.
No,thank you / thanks. I don‘t like… . 五.名词复数特殊变化规则: 可数名词的不规则复数变化 woman-women, man-men, tooth-teeth,deer-deer, child-children, fish-fish, foot-feet,goose-geese, sheep-sheep, ox-oxen 国人变化:中日两瑞永不变, 英法荷兰A变E,其他国人SJapanese --Japanes;Englishman---Englishmen ; 加后边. Chinese—Chinese;German—Germans ; American—Americans
语法三 一、介词
in 在….里 on 在….上 under 在….下面 beside 在….旁边 between 在两者中间
among 三者或以上中间
over 在….上(无接触面的垂直上方;从一端到另一端) above 在….上(无接触面的上方,不一定垂直) across 横穿、穿过(强调从表面越过) through 穿过(强调从中间穿过) along 沿着
二、There be句型与have got句型 1.There be句型:
定义:某地(或某时)存在有某人(或某物)。
句型结构:肯定句:There is+ 单数可数名词或不可数名词+地点 There are+复数可数名词+地点 否定句(be动词后加not):
There is not+单数可数名词或不可数名词+地点 There are not+复数可数名词+地点
疑问句(be动词提前):
Is there +单数可数名词或不可数名词+地点? Are there +复数可数名词+地点? 特点:―就近原则\
2.have got句型:
定义:它表示某物归某人(某物)所有,是一种所属关系。
句型结构:否定句:在have或has后加not,缩写为haven‘t或hasn‘t. 疑问句:把have或has提前
特点:主语为第三人称单数时,have要变成has。
语法三:《小升初小练兵》
1.There is a bridge _______ the river.
A. over B. on C. above D. below
2.They spent about ten days to go _______the big desert(沙漠). A.across B. through C. over D. along 3.用there be或have got填空:
1) I ________ a good father and a good mother. 2) ________ any books in the bookcase?
3) ________ a picture and a clock on the wall. 4) She ________ some dresses. 5) What does Mike ________?
语法四 一般现在时 一般现在时用法
(1)表示经常性,习惯性,永久性的动作。
often 经常,usually通常,always 总是,everyday每天,sometimes 有时 (2)表示事物的状态或特征
There is a scar on his forehead.
(3)表示客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,等客观事实或格言,谚语等。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.
注:只有在第三人称单数时用动词的“三单变化”,其他用动词的原形。
动词变为第三人称单数形式的变化规则: 1.多数在动词后+s (1)直接在动词词尾加-s.
play — plays like — likes stay---stays ask---asks work---works get---gets
(2)以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es.
watch---watches wish---wishes fix---fixes do---does go---goes pass---passes
(3)以―辅音字母加 - y‖结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es. try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies 2.不规则变化:
be---- is have----has
一般现在时的句子转换:
陈述句(肯定句):主语加动词原形/动词第三人称单数; ( 主语 + do/does...)
一般疑问句:在主语前加助动词do (you,以及复数), does(单数she, he, it)变成问句; (Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形...)
否定句:在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don‘t(I, you,以及复数), doesn‘t(单数she, he, it)变成否定句,助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。
(主语 + don‘t/doesn‘t + 动词原形...) 例:
肯定句: I like grapes.
否定句: I don‘t like grapes. 一般疑问句: Do you like grapes?
肯定句:She gets up early every morning.
否定句→She doesn‘t get up early every morning. 一般疑问句→Does she get up early every morning?
语法五 现在进行时态 一、现在进行时态的含义
表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
二、现在进行时各种句式的结构 肯定句: 主语 + am/is/are + V.ing E.g. We are having a class. He is painting. She is playing.
否定句: 主语 + am/is/are + V.ing E.g. We are not having a class. He is not painting. She is not playing.
疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语 + V.ing E.g. Are you having a class? Is he painting? Is she playing?
三、动词变化规则
(1)―直‖ : 一般情况下,直接加ing,
如:do-doing, cook-cooking, stand-standing
(2) ―去‖ :以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing, 如:come-coming,dance-dancing
(3) ―双‖ : 重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ing, 如:run-running, stop-stopping
swim-swimming, forget-forgetting 双写规则:1、重读在词尾;
2、闭音节(短音节); 3、单辅音字母
(在一般情况下,如果某一单词是以一个辅音字母结尾,而这个辅音的前面是读长元音或双元音,就不能双写这个辅音字母。如read-reading, think-thinking等。)
(4)― 改‖ : 改ie为y,加ing 如: die-dying lie-lying
语法五 小升初小练笔
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play______ run______ swim________ make_______ go________ like________
write______ ski_______ read________ have_______ sing_______ dance_______
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen !Some girls __________( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother ____________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look !They _____________( have) an English lesson .
三、句型转换:
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) ①_______________________________________________ ②_______________________________________________
2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) ①_______________________________________________ ②_ ___________________________________ ③_____________________________
语法六:一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:last year, yesterday等;
也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often, always等频率副词连用。 注意:发生在过去时间的动作,并已经结束。
↗ am/is--was 一、be 动词
↘ are—were 1、句式结构:
肯定句:主语 + was/were + …
We were very tired yesterday. 我们昨天很累。 否定句:主语 + wasn‘t/weren‘t + …
I wasn‘t at home yesterday. 我昨天不在家。 一般疑问句:--Was/were + 主语 +…? --Yes,主语 + was/were.
--No, 主语 + wasn‘t/weren‘t.
2、般现在时与一般过去时的比较(例子见下表): 一般现在时every- She goes to school everyday, She plays football every afternoon, 一般过去时yesterday But yesterday morning she went shopping. But yesterday afternoon she played basketball. She chats with(和。。。。。聊天) her friends every But yesterday evening she chatted with her evening on line, friends on email. 二、行为动词 1、句子构成。
肯定句: 主语 + 动词的过去式 +...
I went to the zoo yesterday. 我昨天去公园了。 否定句: 主语 + did not (didn't) + 动词原形 + ...
I didn't go to school yesterday. 我昨天没去上学。 一般疑问句:-Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...? -Yes, 主语 + did.
-No, 主语 + did not(didn't)
-Did you buy a book last Monday? -Yes, I did. -No, I didn't.
特殊疑问句:疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...? 1) -What did you do last night? -I did my homework.
2) -When did you go to the zoo? -I went to the zoo yesterday.
2、动词过去式变形 :
1) ―直‖一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。 如:look-looked; work-worked; play-played
2) ―去 ‖以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed。 如:live-lived; move-moved
3)―双‖末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。 如:stop-stopped; drop-dropped
4)―改‖末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。 如:study-studied; carry-carried
5)―特― 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。 am/is–was are—were have/has—had do/does—did can—could will—would shall—should swim—swam sing—sang ring—rang sit—sat come—came give—gave run—ran drink—drank
become—became begin—began buy—bought bring—brought catch—caught think—thought teach—taught send—sent build—built go—went spend—spent lose—lost
lend—lent mean—menat sweep—swept feel—felt learn—learnt/learned smell—smelt sleep—slept put—put cut—cut hit—hit read—read hurt—hurt let—let beat—beat cost—cost
write—wrote ride—rode rise—rose win—won drive—drove speak—spoke get—got forget—forgot choose—chose sell—sold wake—woke break—broke
3、标志词 yesterday系列 ago 系列 this 系列 last 系列 the...before last
yesterday morning; yesterday afternoon; yesterday evening a minute ago; an hour ago; a day ago; a week ago; a month ago; year ago; two days ago; six years ago this month; this week last month; last year the week before last; the month before last 语法六 小升初练习题
一、请用正确动词形式填空。
1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.
2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________. 3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?
He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book. 4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend.
二、改写句子:
1、Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定句)
Lucy ___________ ___________ her homework at home.
2、He found some meat in the fridge(冰箱).(变一般疑问句) ___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge? 3、She stayed there for a week.(对划线部分提问)
__________ ___________ __________ she __________ there? 4、There was some orange in the cup.(变一般疑问句) _________ there ___________ orange in the cup?
语法七 一般将来时 1.will
含义:将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 肯定句:主语 + will + 动词原形 It will rain.
否定句:主语 + will not (won't) + 动词原形 He won't be late for school.
一般疑问句:Will + 主语 + 动词原形? -Will it snow in GZ? -Yes, it will.
-No, it will not (won't).
2. be going to
含义:近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事,意为―打算,将要做某事\。
肯定句:主语 + be going to + 动词原形 I am going to travel.
He/She is going to travel.
We/They/You are going to travel. 否定句:主语 + be not going to + 动词原形 I am not going to travel.
He/She is not going to travel.
We/They/You are not going to travel. 一般疑问句:Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形? Are you going to travel? Is he/she going to travel?
Are we/they/you going to travel?
3、时间标志词
tomorrow; tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening; next year/week/month/hour ; this afternoon/Sunday/evening ; in the future; in + 一段时间
时态小口诀:
英语动作有四种:经常做,正在做,将要做和过去做。 经常做用动原或三单, 遇到他她它单个做改三单; 要借do或does变问否, 后面动词用原型。 正在做用be+动词ing , 两个朋友不分离, be 用am,is ,are来代替。 将要做有两种:
用will(shall)加动原或be going to 加动原。 过去做,很简单,
对照经常做动词变成过去式, 要借did变问否, 后面动词用原型.
语法八:(请您记住以下新概念英语一册1-144课的所固定搭配短语) I beg your pardon 请您在重复(说)一遍 Nice to meet you(too) (我也)很高兴见到你 Look at… 看… How do you do 你好 Be careful 小心 A loaf of bread 一块面包 A bar of soap/chocolate 一块香皂/巧克力 A bottle of 一瓶... A pound of 一磅... Half a pound of 半磅... A quarter of 四分之一... A tin of 一听... Hurry up! 快点! Next door 隔壁
Black coffee 不加牛奶的咖啡 White coffee 加牛奶的咖啡 Come home from school 放学回家 Come home from work 下班回家 In the morning 早上 In the afternoon 下午 In the evening 晚上 At noon 中午 At night 夜里 At the moment 此刻 What‘s the time? 几点钟? Come upstairs 上楼 Come downstairs 下楼
Hundreds of… 数以百计的… On the way home 在回家的途中 This morning 今天早晨 This afternoon 今天下午 This evening 今天晚上 tonight 今天夜里 Yesterday morning 昨天早晨 Yesterday afternoon 昨天下午 Yesterday evening 昨天晚上 Last night 昨天夜里 The day before yesterday in the morning 前天早晨 The day before yesterday in the afternoon 前天下午 The day before yesterday in the evening 前天晚上 The night before last 前天夜间 A low mark 分数很底 A high mark 分数很高
She said to herself 她心中暗想 The way to… 到…的走法
In fashion 流行的,时髦的 I‘m afraid… 我恐怕…
I‘m sure… 我确信,我肯定… A lot of 许多(用于肯定句) At all 丝毫、更本、一点也不 Going on holiday 度假 Have been to… 到过… All the time Have been to… Drive into… For sale Have the last word The R.A.F. Return ticket Next door to… In five hours‘time Go back The othe day Fell downstairs The Y.H.A. Cheer up Full of… Would you like…? Could you…? Buy…on instalments Small change Go back to sleep To take…with… Have to By myself By yourself By himself By herself By itself By ourselves By yourselves By themselves By oneself Not that long ago At… He can‘t be… He must be 一直,始终 到过… 撞倒… 供出售、出售 最后决定、最后才算 英国皇家空军 往返票
与…相邻,在…隔壁 在五小时之后。 返回 几天前 从楼上摔下来 青年招待所协会 振作起来 充满了… 你愿意…?
你能…?(比Can you…?更婉转客气)以分期付款的方式购买… 零钱 继续睡觉
把…带上(with后跟人称宾格) 不得不(过去式Had to)
我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 我们自己 你们自己 他/她/它们自己 独自的 没那么久
…的方式进行、做某事) 他不可能… 他肯定是…
(以 He can‘t have been… 他那时不可能… He must have benn… 他那时肯定是… Don‘t be so sure 别那么肯定 He may… 他可能…
He might… 他可能…(没有He might…的程度强) Make up…minds 打定主意(up后跟人称宾格) Look after 照看 In the end 最后 In the first instance 首先,起初 He may be… 他可能是… He may have been… 他可能己经… I‘m ot sure 我不敢肯定 I wonder why 我想知道为什么 A long time (ago) 很早(前) Get married 结婚
Depend on… 依靠,取决于… I‘m late for… 我因为…而迟到 By the way 顺便(问,说) I‘m dressed in… 我穿戴着… Make up her face 往她的脸上施脂粉 Make myselft beautiful 把自己打扮漂亮 Was covered with… 覆盖着…
I went for… (…表明目的) Pice of paper 纸片 Cigarette ends 烟头 Take out 拿出 Put away 放到一边 Hundreds of… 成百上千的… Round the world 周游世界
季节、月份、星期
Spring 春节 Summer 夏天 Autumn 秋天 Winter 冬天 January 一月 February 二月 March 三月 April 四月 May June July August September October November December Monday Tuesday Wednesday Tursday Friday Saturday Sunday Weekend
五月 六月 七月 八月 九月 十月 十一月 十二月 星期一 星期二 星期三 星期四 星期五 星期六 星期日 周未
语法九
一.情态动词
定义:在句子中通常用来表示―能力‖、―请求或许可‖?‘必须?‘、?‘可能?‘等表示情感或态度的动词
情态动词can:
含义(一):表能力,意为“能、会” Can you speak French? Yes, I can. / No, I can‘t. 含义(二):表请求或许可,意为“可以” Can you open the window?
注意:can 一般上级对下级或长辈对晚辈,对长辈上级用could 结构:can+动词原形 情态动词must:
含义:表义务,意为“必须”
You must finish the work today. Must I finish the work today? Yes, you must./ No, you needn‘t.
注意:1. must 表示必须时,否定式为needn‘t; 2. mustn‘t表示―禁止、不准‖
We mustn‘t play football on the road. 结构:must+动词原形 拓展:
1、 have to不得不,必须(客观); must 必须,一定(主观);
have to (第三人称单数用has to)+ 动词原形;
My mother is not at home, so I have to eat outside. 2、 May 比 can 更委婉的请求
May I come in? Yes, you may. / No, you can‘t.
二.可数/不可数名词修饰词
1、a lot of + 可数名词复数/不可数名词(表示许多,多用于肯定句) 2、many+可数名词复数 eg. many books much+不可数名词 eg. much chocolate 3、some 与 any
相同点:+ 可数名词复数/不可数名词
不同点:some多用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句, some还可表示 委婉的请求,希望征得 肯定的回答。
Would you like some tea? / Could you give me some water, please? Yes, please. / No, thank you.
语法九 小升初小练笔
一、说明下列句中情态动词的含义。(A.能力; B.许可; C.猜测)。 ( ) l. ―You must write more neatly,‖ said the teacher.
( ) 2. He‘s not in the office.He must have gone to the meeting. ( ) 3. Visitors mustn‘t move and touch the exhibits. ( ) 4. The girl can play the violin very well. ( ) 5. Can I smoke here?
二、完成对话,每空一词.
A: Lily, would you like something to drink? B: Yes, I‘m thirsty now. A: What __ __ __ ?
B: I‘d _____ a cup of tea, please. A: Would you like ___ ____ ____? B: No, thank you. I‘m not hungry. ___ ___you? Do you want something to eat? A: Yes, I‘m hungry now. I‘d like some cakes. C: How ____ cakes would you like? A: Four cakes, please. And a bottle of apple juice. C: Anything else? A: No, that‘s all. C: Here you are.
语法十 现在完成时
请认真读背以下句子,感受其句意! Have you been to the cinema?
I've already (已经)seen it. I saw it last year.
I've never(从不) been there. Have you ever(曾经) been there? Have your mechanics finished yet(已经)? Have you met Mrs. Jones yet? Yes,I have.
When did you meet her? I met her two weeks ago.
现在完成时含义:
1)表示过去发生在过去,并且已经结束,强调对现在造成的影响。
She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书.(表示到目前为止还没有找到) 2)表示动作发生于过去,持续到了现在
I have lived in Beijing for three years. (强调live in Guangzhou这个动作从过去开始持续到了现在)
现在完成时结构: (一)肯定式
主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它
I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。 (表示不要再抄了) (二)否定式
主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它
I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。 (三)一般疑问式
助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它 ? Have you ever made dumplings ?你曾经做过饺子吗? Yes ,I have .是的,我做过。
现在完成时标志词:
already ,yet , since , so far(到目前为止) ,up to now(到目前为止) in the past /last years在过去的几年中
it is the first/second....time: It is my first time I have been here.
一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的动作都发生在过去,那么这两种时态有什么区别呢? ①一般过去时与具体的表示过去时间状语如:yesterday连用;强调动作在过去发生,与现在无关。
②现在完成时与自已的特征词连用,强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或过去开始发生一直持续到现在的动作。
He saw the film last night. (过去时,表示他昨晚看过那部电影了,现在不知还要不要再看一次)
He has (ever) seen the film before.(现在\\完成时,表时他已看过那部电影,现在不想再看了)
语法十 小升初小练笔 ( )1.—Who is Mary ?
—____?I saw you talking with her at the meeting .
A.Don't you meet her yet B.Didn't you met her yet C.Haven't you met her yet D.Hadn't you met her yet ( )2.—How do you like Beijing ,Mr Black? —Oh ,I ____ such a beautiful city .
A.don't visit B.didn't visit C.haven't visited D.hadn't visited
( )3.The old people ____ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week. A.don't feel B.hasn't felt C.haven't felt D.didn‘t feel ( ) 4.We have lived here ____ five years ago.
A.when B.since C.before D.after
1、He has already finished his homework.(改为否定句) He _______ finished his homework ________. 2.They have found the lost books already.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答) ______ they _______ the lost books _______?No,they________. 3.Julia has not got home from school yet.(改为肯定句) Julia ______ _______ ________ home from school .
语法十一
1.have 与 have got 的用法 相同点:均表示―有‖
不同点:have既可在正式也可在非正式场合用,have got非正式场合 I have a bear. = I have got a bear. 注意否定改法差异:
have 否定形式 don?t have ,第三人称 doesn't have have got 否定形式,haven't got, 第三人称 hasn't got
2. have 动词的多用法
你能举出什么例子呢?我们熟悉的有:
have breakfast, have lunch, have supper (这里have 指eat) have water,have a bottle of coca, (这里have 指 drink) have a good time, have a trip, have a bath...
3.行为动词have用法
含义:吃、喝、从事、经历(eat/drink/take/experience) have fun have a rest have a swim have a talk have breakfast have supper have a haircut have a meeting 高兴 休息 游泳 谈话 吃早餐 吃晚餐 理发 开会 have a good time have a bath have a holiday have a look at have lunch have dinner have some medicine have a walk 玩的高兴 洗澡 度假 看一下 吃午饭 吃正餐 吃药 散步 4.have 与 have got 用法 1)have 和have got 均指“有” have/has eg. It has two eggs.
have got/ has got eg. It has got two eggs. 2)否定形式
don‘t have/doesn‘t have eg. It doesn‘t have two eggs. haven‘t got/hasn‘t got eg. It hasn‘t got two eggs. 3)区别
have既可以用在正式也可以在非正式场合使用; have got主要用于口语等非正式场合下
语法十一 小升初小练笔
Story Time(用have/have got的正确形式填空,赶紧练习一下哦): Star ______ a pet, that is, Garfield. Garfield ______ many bad habbits.
He gets up very late and ______ a lot of meat every day. He______a large bed,
so he has to sleep on the floor every night. What about you? _______you ______ a lovely pet?
语法十二 直接引语与间接引语
1、直接引语:直接引用他人的原话
He says, ―I have just arrived in Scotland.‖ 2、间接引语:间接转述他人的原话
He says that he has just arrived in Scotland. 3、直接引用变成间接引语
A.变符号:把逗号和引号变成that B.变人称:一主二宾三不变
(第一人称和主句主语对应,第二人称和主句宾语对应,第三人称不用变) C.变时态:
主现从随便(主句是一般现在时,从句随着间接引用可以为任意时态) e.g. I think that you were right.
主过从也过(主句是一般过去时,从句需要变成过去的相应时态) e.g. He said that he is right. (X) He said that he was right.
真理永一现(如果从句描述的是真理,真理永远用一般现在时) e.g. He said that the light travels faster than the sound. 语法十三:词法 一.动词:(表示动作或状态等。) 1.记住以下常见系动词
appear be become fall feel get go grow keep look prove remain rest run seem smell sound stay taste rurn 2.记住以下常见助动词
be have do will sould shall should 3.记住以下常见情态动词
can could may might must ought 4.记住以下常见半情态动词
need dare be able to have(got)to had better(best) used to
二. 冠词(用在名词前帮助说明其词义) 三. 名词(表示人或事物的名称)
四.代词(用来代替名词或数词等,包含反身代词) 五.形容词(用来修饰名词或代词)
六.副词(用来修饰动词、形容词、或副词)
七.介词(用在名词、代词等前面,表示与别的词的关系) 八.数词(表示数目或顺序)
九.连词(用来加接词与词或句与句) 十.感叹词(表示说话时的感情或口气)
语法十四 词法规则
一、可数名词的复数规则变化 1、一般情况下未尾加―s‖。
2、 以x,ss,sh,ch,x结尾的名词加―es‖。 3、 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge结尾的词加―s‖。
4、 以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变―y‖为―i‖在加―es‖。 5、 以元音字母+y结尾的词,直接加―s‖。
6、 以f,fe结尾的名词一般变―f‖或―fe‖为―v‖在加―es\。(以f或fe结尾的部分名词可直接加―s‖)
7、 以o结尾的名词一般加―s‖。 (部分以辅音字母+o结尾的加―es‖)
二、规则动词的过去式 . 过去分词变化 . 动词现在分词的变化 1、 一般动词过去式在未尾加―ed‖。 2、 结尾是e的动词加―d‖。
3、未尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加―ed‖。 4、结尾是辅音字母+y的动词,先变―y‖为―i‖在加―ed‖。 5、动词的现在分词一般情况下在原形后加―ing‖。
6、如果以e结尾的动词则去―e‖在加―ing‖来构成现在分词。 7、如果动词只有一个元音字母,而后面跟了一个辅音字母时,则需双写辅音字母再加―ing‖来构成动词的现在分词。
三、形容词与副词的比较级、最高级(比较级在未尾加“er”而最高级在未尾加“est”)它们都遵循着以下规则
1、一般情况下单音节的形容词或副词则在原形未尾加―er‖。 2、如果以e结尾的形容词或副词则加―r‖。
3、有些以y结尾的双音节词,如果y前面是一个辅音字母则变―y‖为―i‖在加―er‖。 (如果是最高级则在形容词前加冠词―The‖然后形容词或副词未尾加―est‖,其它规则一样。)
语法十五 词法 词法一:副词的用法
一.修饰动词,放在动词的前面; 二.修饰形容词,放在形容词的前面: 1. too的用法
表示―太…..‖修饰形容词 It‘s too late.
too…to太……以至于不能 She is too busy to talk with me. 2.very的用法 表示―很‖或―非常‖ It‘s very interesting. 3.enough的用法
enough+名词 There are enough books. 形容词+enough This book is easy enough.
词法二:动词不定式(动词+to do) 1、 肯定形式:
Want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.让某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 2、 否定形式
don‘t/doesn‘t want/ask/tell sb. to do=want/ask/tell sb not to do
语法十六 形容词
1、形容词的比较级和最高级 规则变化 单词的比较级和最高级 举例 口诀 单音节词,末尾直接+ er/-est tall 直 单音节词以-e 结尾,去e+ er/-est nice 去 以重读闭音节结尾的单词,双写末尾fat 双 辅音字母 + er/-est 以-y结尾的单词,改y变i+er/-est happy 改 其他双音节和多音节词,都在前面加beautiful 加 more/most 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best bad worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest many/much more most little less least old older/elder oldest/eldest 2 、形容词比较级和最高级的标志词 比较级:than 结构:A is 比较级 than B
最高级:三者比较 in/of 结构:A is the 最高级 of/in B
3、常见结构
肯定结构:as…as,和……一样 A is as tall as B
否定结构:not as/so……as和……不一样 A is not tall as
more/less…than… e.g. more/less expensive than
……更贵/便宜)(比 语法十七 不定代词 一.复合不定代词
定义:由some-, any-, no-, enery-加上-one, -body, -thing等组成的不定代词。 Every- Some- Any- No- -body Everybody Somebody Anybody Nobody 每个人 某个人 任何人 没人 -one Everyone Someone Anyone No one 每个人 某个人 任何人 没人 -thing Everything Something Anything nothing 一切事物 某事物 任何事物 无事物 二.复合副词
Everywhere 到处 anywhere 任何地方 Somewhere 某处 nowhere 无处
含义:由some-, any-, no-, every-加上-where,所组成的则是表示地点的副词。
三.复合不定代词、副词的用法:
1. 复合不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用三单形式。 Someone is looking for you. 有人在找你。 2. 复合不定代词置于形容词和不定式之前。 Nothing impossible 没有不可能的事 Something interesting 有趣的事情 Something to eat 吃的东西
四.So与neither引导的简短回答
以so或neither开头的简短回答句型: 结构:1. So/neither + be动词+主语
He is a dancer, so am I. 他是个舞蹈家,我也是。
2. so/neither +情态动词+主语
He can dance very well, so can I.
3.so/neither +助动词+主语
He doesn‘t like singing, neither do I.
表示: 我也是,我也会,我也不是(会)
区别: 如果前一句是肯定的,后一句用so开头; 前一句是否定的,后一句用neither开头。
语法十八 过去完成时
I arrived at the bus stop after the bus had left.
I arrived at my friends' home after they had finished lunch. I arrived at my house after the thief had left. 1.含义:
表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。 即―过去的过去( past-in-the-past )‖。
----|--------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前 那时 现在
2.构成
过去完成时由―助动词had + 过去分词‖构成,其中 had 通用于各种人称 1) 肯定句:had +done 2) 否定句:had not +done 3) 疑问句:Had 主语 done?
肯定回答:Yes,主语 had. 否定回答: No, 主语+hadn‘t
3.使用规则:
两个动作都发生在过去,有先后顺序, 先发生的用过去完成时,后发生的用一般过去时。
4.标志词:after, before, by, when
例句:After he arrived at the bus stop, the bus had left.
Before we arrived at the cinema, the film had begun. The play had been finished by the end of last month. When I woke up, it had already stopped raining. 总结:by+过去时间点,when/before/after+过去动作
5. 和其他时态的对比(了解) 和其它时态的区别
过去完成时 PK 现在完成时:现在完成时:着眼于现在,强调过去发生的某动作对现在造成的影响和结果,或是由过去持续到现在的动作 。 过去完成时:则主要体现过去发生的动作先后有别,表达的是―过去的过去‖。过去完成时 PK 一般过去时:过去完成时:强调某动作在过去某时间或另一动作之前已完成。一般过去时:仅表示动作或状态在过去某时间发生过,不强调与另一动作比较 语法十九 过去进行时 一、过去进行时的含义
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内持续进行或发生的动作。
二、过去进行时的结构
1、肯定句:主语+was/were+doing
I was reading a book at this time last night. 2、否定句:主语+was/were+not+doing
They were not doing homework when Mum came back. 3、疑问句:Was/Were+主语+doing?
Was he singing at 7 o‘clock the day before yesterday?
三、过去进行时的标志词 1、表示过去时间点:
at + 具体时刻 + 过去时间
e.g.: at seven yesterday/ at this time yesterday 2、表示过去某一时间段 all morning / the whole day from 2 to 3 yesterday last night
语法二十 定语从句 一、定义:定语从句是在句中充当定语的句子,并由关系代词引导的从句; 二、结构:先行词+定语从句(关系代词+从句剩余部分) 注意:定语从句必须紧跟在先行词后 三、关系代词的用法 1.that:既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。 例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat(that)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2. which:用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。 例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film(which)we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3. who,whom:用于指人,who用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。 例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is fromEngland.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher(whom)Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 四、用法 先行词 表人的名词 关系代词 who whom 表物的名词 which 作宾语—可省略 作主语—不可省略 表人或表物的名词 that 作宾语—可省略 I want to find a house which/that(从句主语,不可省) is in a forest. I want to find a book which/that(从句宾语,可省) I read yesterday. I want to find a boy who/that(从句主语,不可省) is in a forest. I want to find the lady whom/that(从句宾语,可省) the boy met yesterday. 句中成分 作主语—不可省略 作宾语—可省略 作主语—不可省略
语法二十一 句法规则(新概念一册的一些零散的句法规则) 一、由“there”引起的句子:常见的结构为―there+be‖结构。―there‖占主语位置,通常表示―有‖这个意思。
例:There are some clouds in the sky. 天空中有(飘着)一些云。
二、介词“in”根据时态来判断范围:介词―in‖与过时间连用则表示在范围以内,如果介词与现在或将来时连用则表示范围以外。
例:1、I finished the work in two day. 两天内我完成了工作。 2、I‘ll finish the work in tow day. 两天后我将完成我的工作。
三、as…as…或not as/so…as:形容词或副词的同级比较。 例:1、You are as tall as me. 你和我一样高。 2、You are not so tall as me. 你没有我高。
四、部份形容词前加冠词“the”表示属于某类。 例:1、The old 老年人。 2、The rich 有钱人。
3、The best 最后的一类。
五、部份名词前加冠词“The”,词未尾在加“’s”表指某一个地方。 例:At the butcher‘s. 在肉店。
六、“too…to…”结构与“…enough…to…”:―太…而不能…‖、―足够…而可以…‖ 例:1、She‘s too young to go to school. 她太小轻而不上学。
2、The questions were easy enough to answer. 这些题够简单而可以回答。 (请注意用颜色所标的形容词在句中too与enough之间的位置)
语法二十二 状语从句:
状语从句有很多,新概念一册所遇到的有时间状语从句。同样也是由一个完整的句子构成,起到一个时间性说明、限定的作用,称之为―时间状语从句‖。 一般由以下连词所引导: 1、when (当…时)
2、as (当…时,一边…一边) 3、while (当…时,在…期间) 4、before (在…以前) 5、after (在…之后) 例:1、When my husband was going into the dining room this morning,he dropped some coins on the floor.
今早当我丈夫走进饭厅时,把一些硬币掉在地上了。
2、While we were having breakfast,our little boy found two small coins on the floor. 当我们正吃早饭时,我们的小男孩在地上找到了两枚小硬币。 3、Just as I was opening the window,the telephone rang. 当我刚打开窗子时,电话响了。
4、She had finished the housework before she went out. 她在做完家务前出去的。
5、He gave us our exercise books after he had corrected them. 他修改完了后才把练习本给我们。
语法二十三:语态
一、被动语态:被动语态也分很多不同的时态,我们紧列出新概念一册中出现的。 语法1:be+动词过去分词
语法2:主语(动作承受者)+被动语态谓语+by+动作执行者(其中―by‖有―被‖的意思) 例:1、I live a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods. 我居住在一个被美丽的树林环绕的古老小镇上。
2、My four-year-old daughter,Sally,was invited to a children‘s party. 我四岁的女儿萨莉被邀请去参加一个儿童聚会。 语序
一 .倒装:倒装分很多,同样也有引导关系词,我们还是以新概念一册所出现的为例。如果谓语提前到主语前则句子称之为倒装句。
有时整个谓语都提前则称为完全倒装。而大部分的疑问句都是使用倒装句。 例:1、Do you know French? 你懂法语吗? 2、Neither can I.
我也不能(我也没有)。 3、So have I. 我也有。
语法 二十四 句子成分:
主语:动作的发出者;
谓语:动作本身或主语所具有的特征和状态,由动词充当; 宾语:动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于动词和介词后面。 Eg. He flies to the sky. (he主语,flies to谓语,the sky宾语)
The girl walked a gorilla. (the girl主语,walked谓语,a gorilla宾语)
一般过去时:
含义:表示过去某个确切时间发生的动作,并且已结束或过去存在的状态 时间标志词:yesterday、last week、a day ago、the month before last 结构: 类型 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 Be动词 主语+was/were 主语+was/were+not Was/Were+主语+…? 实义动词 主语+did(动词过去式) 主语+didn‘t+do(动词原形) Did+主语+ do(动词原形) 改否定、疑问记忆口诀:
有be,提be(否定句在be动词后加not、疑问句be动词提句首); 无be,用助(否定句加didn‘t,疑问句把did放句首);
动词见助要还原(didn‘t+do动词原形,Did+主语+ do动词原形)
动词过去式变化:
直 ① 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。 如: work-worked;
去 ② 去 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed。如shave-shaved
双 ③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。 如:stop-stopped; drop-dropped
改 ④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。 如:study-studied; carry-carried
特 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
do-did eat—ate see-saw say-said run-ran speak-spoke take-took find—found read—read go-went cut—cut get-got can—could ring--rang
语法二十五:
一.There be 句型:
表示存在,尤指某地有某物的说法
1.地点置后:There is a ball (in the corner.)
2.就近原则:不论描述多少事物,离Be动词最近的是什么就随它的单复。 There is a desk, three chairs, and twobooks in the room. 3.绝不可出现have:× There has three hundredstudents in the hall. √There are three hundred students in the hall. 二.介词口诀:
年和月共用in,星期,日期共用on,具体时刻用at,季节前面也用in,周末at 和on都可以,In接大地点,at接小地点。
On the way home 在回家路上(家的前面不可有任何介词) On the way to the office 在去办公室的路上 三.电话用语:
打电话 make a phone call / call sb. / telephone sb. 接电话 answer the telephone / pick up the phone 想和某人通话 May I speak to …/ Can I speak to… 某人不在家 sb. is not in at the moment 我能留口信么? Can I leave a message?
小升初小练笔: 一.句型转换。
1. Are there any maps on the wall? ______ (肯定回答)
2. There are twenty desks in our classroom. (划线提问) ___ ___ desks ____ ____in your classroom
3. There are some trees near the house. (否定句) _____ _____ _____ trees near the house. 4. There is a bird in the tree. (变复数) _____ _____ _____ _____ in the tree.
5. There are some eggs in the box. (变单数) ______ ______ ______ ______ in the box.
二.根据中文完成句子。
1.桌子上有一本书和两去笔。
There ______ a book and ______ ______ on the desk. 2.在吉姆的书包里有一些书。
______ ______ ______ ______ in Jim‘s bag. 3.书包里有一些地图吗?
______ ______ ______ ______ in the bag? 4.我们学校有许多学生。
There ______ many ______ in our school. 5. 树上没有鸟。
There ______ ______ birds in the tree. 小升初小练笔: 一.句型转换。
1. Are there any maps on the wall? _Yes, there are._____ (肯定回答)
2. There are twenty desks in our classroom. (划线提问) How_ many___ desks are____ there____in your classroom? 3. There are some trees near the house. (否定句) There_____ aren't_____ _any____ trees near the house.
4. There is a bird in the tree. (变复数) There_____ __are___ _some____ _brids____ in the tree. 5. There are some eggs in the box. (变单数) _There_____ __is____ __a____ __egg____ in the box.
二.根据中文完成句子。
1.桌子上有一本书和两去笔。
There __is____ a book and __two____ __pencils____ on the desk. 2.在吉姆的书包里有一些书。
There______ are______ some______ books______ in Jim‘s bag. 3.书包里有一些地图吗?
Are______ there______ some______ maps______ in the bag? 4.我们学校有许多学生。
There are______ many students______ in our school. 5. 树上没有鸟。
There _aren't_____ _any_____ birds in the tree.
语法二十七 1.定冠词the
(1)定冠词the不论指人还是指物、单数还是复数,其形式都不变。 (2)the的发音:the在辅音前读[e?] ,如:the floor, the table, the bed, the desk; the在元音(即一般前面用an的词的首字母)之前发[ei],如the engineer, the ice cream, the old man, the open window。
当我们想使听话者特别注意the后面的名词时,the就读为/J!:/,意思是\这一个而且只是这一个\或\主要是这一个\。 (3)the的基本用法:
A. the通常有明确的所指(即以说话人或听话人已知的人或物为前提);
B. the可与单数可数名词、复数可数名词及不可数名词(总是单数形式)连用。
2.介词:
near sth. 靠近某物; on the wall,在墙上。注意这里的介词用的是on,如果是in the wall的话,那么意思就是\镶在墙里面\。
on和in这两个介词的意思,前者是在……之上,后者是在……里面,一般没有什么议。只有在和树连用的时候要特别记忆一下:
on the tree:在树上。但指树上本来就有的、生长在树上的东西,比如果实、树叶一类。e.g There is an apple on the tree.
in the tree:也是在树上。但指树上原本没有的、外来的东西,比如一只鸟、或是挂在树上的风筝一类。e.g There is a bird in the tree. 补充介词:
在……上面(有接触的):on sth. 比如\桌子上有一只盒子\:There's a box on the table. 在……上面(没有接触的):above sth. 比如\桌子上方有一只鸟\:There's a bird above the table.
在……里面:in sth. 比如\盒子里有个皮球\:There's a ball in the box.
在……下面:under sth. 比如\桌子下面有只猫\:There's a cat under the table.
语法二十八:一般现在时
定义:描述一般性事件、规律性、日常性发生的事或是客观事实。
彭老师讲定义:一般时大部分描述的是日常的生活,我每天刷牙三次(早中晚);我每天都上班;你早上起床总是把鞋穿反;你每天上课都不举手回答问题……. 客观事实是什么? 就是太阳东升西落;光的速度比声音快;还有我很瘦
!!!
例句:⒈ I go to school every day. (一般性)
⒉ Peter usually brushes his teeth three times a day.(规律性)
⒊ The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.(客观事实) 类型: 肯定句
Ⅰ.带有动词句子,应注意―三单‖使用:
例:I like apples. / He likes pears. / She likes strawberries. Ⅱ.带有Be动词句子,应注意随主语变化而变化Be动词:
例:Iam a teacher. / He is a worker. / She is a dancer. They are students. / We arehappy. 肯定句总结:即:掌握动词有―三单‖变化,遇到―He, she, it 或一个人、一个物‖都要变化动词形式,不能全部使用―原形‖。
同时还要清楚,除了动词之外还有Be动词,它有三种形式―is ,am ,are‖,随主语变化而变化。
否定句
Ⅰ. 带有动词句子的否定,采用―见动词,找助动‖口诀:
例:I don‘t like apples. / He doesn‘t likepears. / They don‘t understand. /We don‘t want to do homework.
Ⅱ. 带有Be动词句子的否定,在Be动词后加NOT即可: 例:I am not a teacher. / She is not a baby. / We are notstudents.
否定句总结:即:掌握―见动词,找助动,找助动,看主语‖口诀,攻克动词句子的否定;而带有Be动词句子,只要在原句的Be动词之后加not即可.
疑问句
主要掌握2个助动词Do和Does;Do用在复数主语(I, We, They 和 许多人),Does用在单数主语(he, She, It和一个人)。
一般疑问句:即以助动词Do、Does或Be动词Is、Am、Are开头提问的疑问句,回答全部采用Yes或No来作答。
例:Do you go to school every day? -Yes, I do.
Does he brush his teeth three times a day? -Yes, he does.
Are you a teacher? – No, I am not. Is it a dog? – No, it isn‘t.
特殊疑问句: 即采用特殊疑问词―What,when,where,which,why,how‖等 特殊疑问词开头的疑问句。
例:Whereis your mother? – She is in the shop.
选择疑问句:即由or作连词连接的两个具有选择的疑问句 例: Do you want beef or lamb? – Beef, please.
特殊疑问句总结:分两类来记,即带有动词的特殊疑问句和带有Be动词特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 助动词(Do或Does)+ 主语 + Do(动词原形)
WHAT + DO + YOU + WANT?
WHERE + DOES + SHE + COME FROM?
★ Keysentences:
1. Do you want any meat? 疑问句中,一些不可以再用―some‖而是换成―any‖
Do you want beef or lamb? 选择疑问句,用or连接,二者选其一 2. What about some steak? 表示询问或是给建议时的疑问句,要用some 3. What‘s the weather like in spring? What‘s …. Like?句型,表示询问怎么样
What‘s the climate like in yourcountry?
询问国籍的几种问法:
Where do you come from? / Where do they come from?/ Where doeshe come from?/ Where does she come from?
Where are you from?/ Where are they from?/ Where is your mother from?/ Where is Lily from?
语法二十八:一般现在时小练笔 一、 单选:
( )1 .Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital. A. work works B .works work C .work are working D. is working work ( )2 .One of the boys_____ a black hat.
A .have B. there is C .there are D .has ( ) 3. We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.
A .don't rain B.didn't rain C.doesn't rain D.isn't rain ( )4 .He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.
A. rose; set B .rises; sets C. rises, set D. rise; sets ( )5. Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.
A like; listen B .likes; listens C .like; are listening D. liking ; listen ( )6 .Jenny____ English every evening.
A .has study B .studies C .study D .studied
二、填空:
1 .I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit. 2. _____your sister_____(know)English?
3.Her home____ _____ ______(远离 )her school. 4.The pot_____(not look) like yours very much. 5 .Where _____you____(have)lunch every day? 6 .Who_____(想要 )to go swimming?
7 .______she_____(do) the housework every day?
8. Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon .
语法二十九:情态动词和祈使句 彭老师讲情态动词:
情态动词按语气强弱,可以分“小强”和“小妹”级别:
最强的―小强‖: Must(语气很强烈,不敢惹) 使用频率最多的―小能‖: Can(什么都能做) ―小能‖的胞弟―小酷‖: Could(请求别人帮助)
―小酷‖的好兄弟―小悟‖: Would(给别人提供一些东东)
还有大家最熟悉的: Should(大家都会用,―应该‖) 最弱的―小妹‖: May
还有 ―小妹妹‖: Might(语气弱到不行) 主语+ Must/ can/ could/ may/ should/need + do(动词原形)
注意:情态动词是没有变化形式的,永远都是用原形,也不受主语限制,不管是否三单,都只用原形,没有cans,musts,shoulds。 例: We must study hard. He need do some sports.
祈使句:其实很简单,就是指命令或是请求,都是由动词原形构成的简单句! Take this medicine! 吃药!(请求) Open the door! 开门!(请求)
Don‘t smoke here! 别在这吃药!(命令) Don‘t play with matches! 别玩火柴!(命令)
You mustn‘t lean out of thewindow!不要将身体探出窗外!(命令)
语法三十:一般过去时
彭老师讲定义:描述过去发生的动作,已经在过去结束和终止,成为过去的事。 类型: 肯定句
Ⅰ.带有动词的句子,动词要变化过去式:
例:I went to the zoo yesterday. / She went shopping last week. Ⅱ.带有Be动词句子,Be动词两种变化形式(was和were): 例:Lily was a teacher two years ago. / We were happy yesterday.
否定句
一定要和一般现在时区分开,过去时没有Do和Does,而只有did,不管主语是什么,都不会变化。
例句: I didn‘t go to work yesterday. / He didn‘t havebreakfast this morning. / We didn‘t see that film last week.
疑问句
一般疑问句即:将助动词did或是Be动词was ,were提前 特殊疑问句即: 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + do + 时间状语 WHERE+ DID +You+ GO + YESTERDAY ?
动词过去式变化规则: ⑴一般情况加ed:
help-helped / look-looked / watch-watched ⑵以不发音的e结尾:
live-lived / love-loved /hope-hoped
⑶以元音+ y结尾,直接加ed: play- played / enjoy-enjoyed
⑷以辅音+y结尾,去y加ied: carry-carried/ cry-cried /study-studied ⑸以重读闭音节词结尾: stop-stopped / shop-shopped / plan-planned ⑹不规则变化,详见书中P179和P183
★How are you all keeping? 你们身体都好吧?
★be absentfrom school = didn‘t go to school 旷课(同义句转换)
★at school / at church / at home / at work 在学校/在教堂/在家/在工作,这几个词组中间没有冠词the
★at theoffice/ at the butcher's / at the hairdresser‘s/ at the baker‘s /at the dairy /at the stationer's 这些词组就必须加the
★be absentfrom school = didn‘t go to school 旷课(同义句转换)
★at school / at church / at home / at work 在学校/在教堂/在家/在工作,这几个词组中间没有冠词the
★at theoffice/ at the butcher's / at the hairdresser‘s/ at the baker‘s /at the dairy /at the stationer's 这些词组就必须加the
语法三十:一般过去时练习题 选择填空:
( ) 1. She watered the flowers ________.
A tomorrow B sometimes C yesterday morning
( ) 2.What ____ Mike do last weekend ? A do B does C did
( ) 3. I ___ my room last Sunday.
A cleaned B clean C am cleaning
( ) 4. I often help my mother _____ housework. A does B did C do
( ) 5. _____ you _____ TV last night .
A Do, watch B Did, watch C Did, watched
( ) 6.---Did your father write an e-mail yesterday ?
A Yes, he did. B Yes, he does C No, he don‘t
( ) 7.They _____ on a trip in February ,2007. A are going B going C went
( ) 8.We‘re going to _____ mountains tomorrow . A climb B climbed C climbing
( ) 9. ____ he ____ football two days ago?
A Does , play B Did , played C Did , play
( ) 10.----Good afternoon, Miss Lee. How does Mike feel? -----He‘s tired . He ____ a lot of work ______ .
A does , this morning B do , this morning C did , this morning
语法三十:一般过去时练习题 选择填空:
( ) 1. She watered the flowers ________.
A tomorrow B sometimes C yesterday morning
( ) 2.What ____ Mike do last weekend ? A do B does C did
( ) 3. I ___ my room last Sunday.
A cleaned B clean C am cleaning
( ) 4. I often help my mother _____ housework. A does B did C do
( ) 5. _____ you _____ TV last night .
A Do, watch B Did, watch C Did, watched
( ) 6.---Did your father write an e-mail yesterday ?
A Yes, he did. B Yes, he does C No, he don‘t
( ) 7.They _____ on a trip in February ,2007. A are going B going C went
( ) 8.We‘re going to _____ mountains tomorrow . A climb B climbed C climbing
( ) 9. ____ he ____ football two days ago?
A Does , play B Did , played C Did , play
( ) 10.----Good afternoon, Miss Lee. How does Mike feel? -----He‘s tired . He ____ a lot of work ______ .
A does , this morning B do , this morning C did , this morning
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