2011年中考数学复习高经典习题1-5
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2011年中考数学复习高分冲刺经典习题1
一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)
【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】 1.计算(a)的结果是( ) A.a5
B.a6
C.a8
D.a9
32?x?1?0,2.不等式组?的解集是( )
x?2?1?A.x??1 B.x?3
x?1x?3xx?1 C.?1?x?3
x D.?3?x?1
?y,将原方程化为关于y的
3.用换元法解分式方程?1?0时,如果设
x?1整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( )
A.y?y?3?0 B.y?3y?1?0 C.3y?y?1?0 D.3y?y?1?0 4.抛物线y?2(x?m)?n(m,n是常数)的顶点坐标是( ) A.(m,n)
B.(?m,n)
C.(m,?n)
D.(?m,?n)
222225.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( )
A.正六边形 B.正五边形 C.正四边形
ADDFCDEFBCCEBCBEBCCECDEFDFADADAF D.正三边形
A C E 图1
B D F
6.如图1,已知AB∥CD∥EF,那么下列结论正确的是( ) A.C.
??
B. D.
??
二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) 【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】 7.分母有理化:15? .
8.方程x?1?1的根是 .
9.如果关于x的方程x2?x?k?0(k为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k? . 10.已知函数f(x)?11.反比例函数y?211?x2x,那么f(3)? .
图像的两支分别在第 象限.
12.将抛物线y?x?2向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式
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是 .
13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率
是 .
14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m,那么该商
品现在的价格是 元(结果用含m的代数式表示).
A ?????15.如图2,在△ABC中,AD是边BC上的中线,设向量AB?a, ???????????????,如果用向量a,b表示向量AD,那么AD= . BC?bB A 16.在圆O中,弦AB的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么
半径OA? .
17.在四边形ABCD中,对角线AC与BD互相平分,交点为
O.在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD成为
B 矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是 .
18.在Rt△ABC中,?BAC?90°,AB?3,M为边BC上的
点,联结AM(如图3所示).如果将△ABM沿直线AM翻折后,点B恰好落在边AC的中点处,那么点M到AC的距离是 . 三、解答题:(本大题共3题,满分28分) 19.(本题满分9分)计算:
2a?2a?1?(a?1)?a?1a?2a?122D 图2
C M 图3
C
.
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?y?x?1,20.(本题满分9分)解方程组:?2?2x?xy?2?0.①②
21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)
AD∥BC,AB?DC?8,?B?60°,BC?12,如图4,在梯形ABCD中,联结AC.
(1)求tan?ACB的值;
(2)若M、N分别是AB、DC的中点,联结MN,求线段MN的长. A D
B C
图4
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参考答案
一.选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分)
1. B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B; 5.C; 6.A. 二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分) 7.
55; 8.x?2; 9.1; 10.?1; 11.一、三;
422?112.y?x?1; 13.1; 14.100(1?m)2; 15.a?b;
62?16.5; 17.AC?BD(或?ABC?90?等); 18. 2.
三.解答题:(本大题共3题,满分28分) 19.解:原式=
2(a?1)a?12a?11?aa?1??1a?1?(a?1)(a?1)(a?1)2 ······················································ (7分)
= =
a?1a?1 ·························································································· (1分)
··································································································· (1分)
=?1. ····································································································· (1分) 20.解:由方程①得y?x?1, ③ ······································································· (1分)
将③代入②,得2x?x(x?1)?2?0, ····················································· (1分) 整理,得x2?x?2?0, ·············································································· (2分) 解得x1?2,x2??1, ··················································································· (3分) 分别将x1?2,x2??1代入③,得y1?3,y2?0, ································· (2分) ?x1?2,?x2??1, 所以,原方程组的解为? ? ·············································· (1分)
y?0.y?3;?2?1221.解:(1) 过点A作AE?BC,垂足为E. ······················································ (1分)
在Rt△ABE中,∵?B?60?,AB?8, ∴BE?AB?cosB?8?cos60??4, ·························································· (1 分)
AE?AB?sinB?8?sin60??43. ······························································· (1分)
∵BC?12,∴EC?8. ··············································································· (1 分) 在Rt△AEC中,tan?ACB?AEEC?438?32. ·········································· (1分)
(2) 在梯形ABCD中,∵AB?DC,?B?60?, ∴?DCB??B?60?. ························································································ (1分)
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过点D作DF?BC,垂足为F,∵?DFC??AEC?90?,∴AE//DF. ∵AD//BC,∴四边形AEFD是平行四边形.∴AD?EF. ······················· (1分) 在Rt△DCF中, FC?DC?cos?DCF?8?cos60??4, ······················· (1分) ∴EF?EC?FC?4.∴AD?4. ∵M、N分别是AB、DC的中点,∴MN?
AD?BC2?4?122?8. ······ (2分)
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2011年中考数学复习高分冲刺经典习题2
一、选择题(本大题共12个小题,每小题4分,共48分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的) 1.?3的相反数是( ) A.3 B.?3 C.
13 D.?13
正面
(第2题图)
2.图中几何体的主视图是( )
A. B.
C.
3.如图,AB∥CD,直线EF与AB、CD分别相交于G、
D C H.∠AGE?60?,则∠EHD的度数是( ) H
A.30? B.60? C.120? D.150? B A
G 4.估计20的算术平方根的大小在( )
F
A.2与3之间 B.3与4之间
(第3题图)
C.4与5之间 D.5与6之间
5.2009年10月11日,第十一届全运会将在美丽的泉城济南召开.奥体中心由体育场,体
育馆、游泳馆、网球馆,综合服务楼三组建筑组成,呈“三足鼎立”、“东荷西柳”布局.建筑面积约为359800平方米,请用科学记数法表示建筑面积是(保留三个有效数字)( ) A.35.9?10平方米 B.3.60?10平方米 C.3.59?10平方米 D.35.9?10平方米
6.若x1,x2是一元二次方程x2?5x?6?0的两个根,则x1+x2的值是( ) A.1 B.5 C.?5 7.“只要人人都献出一点爱,世界将变成美
好的人间”.在今年的慈善一日捐活动中,济南市某中学八年级三班50名学生自发组织献爱心捐款活动.班长将捐款情况进行了统计,并绘制成了统计图.根据右图提供的信息,捐款金额的众数和..中位数分别是( )
A.20、20 B.30、20 C.30、30 D.20、30
D.6
捐款人数 20 15 10 5 0 6138 3 10 20
30
50
100
金额(元)
20 5455D.
E
(第7题图)
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8.不等式组??2x?1?3?3x?5≤1的解集在数轴上表示正确的是( )
0 1 2 0 1 2
A. B.
0 1 0 2 1 2
C. D.
9.在综合实践活动课上,小明同学用纸板制作了一个圆锥形漏斗模型.如图所示,它的底面半径OB?6cm,高OC?8cm.则这个圆锥漏斗的侧面积是( ) A.30cm2 B.30?cm2 C.60?cm2 D.120cm2
CE A
D
O A
O (第9题图)
B
B
(第10题图)
C
10.如图,矩形ABCD中,AB?3,BC?5.过对角线交点O作OE?AC交AD于E,则
AE的长是( ) A.1.6 B.2.5 C.3 D.3.4
11.如图,点G、D、C在直线a上,点E、F、A、B在直线b上,若a∥b,Rt△GEF从如图所示的位置出发,沿直线b向右匀速运动,直到EG与BC重合.运动过程中△GEF与矩形ABCD重合部分的面积(S)随时间(t)变化的图象大致是( ) ....
G
D
C a
E F A B
b
(第11题图)
s s s s O A.
t O t O C.
t O D.
t 7B . / 28
12.在平面直角坐标系中,对于平面内任一点?a,b?,若规定以下三种变换:
①f?a,b?=??a,b?.如,f?1,3????1,3?;
②g?a,b?=?b,a?.如,g?1,3???3,1?;
③h?a,b?=??a,?b?.如,h?1,3????1,?3?.?3??等于( ) 按照以上变换有:f?g?2,那么f?h?5,?3???f??3,2???3,2?,A.??5,?3? B.?5,3? C.?5,?3? D.??5,3?
二、填空题(本大题共5个小题,每小题4分,共20分.把答案填在题中横线上) 13.分解因式:x2?9? .
14.如图,?O的半径OA?5cm,弦AB?8cm,点P为弦AB上一动点,则点P到圆心O的最短距离是 cm.
B
O A
B A P O
(第14题图) (第15题图)
15.如图,∠AOB是放置在正方形网格中的一个角,则cos∠AOB的值是 .
16.“五一”期间,我市某街道办事处举行了“迎全运,促和谐”中青年篮球友谊赛.获得
男子篮球冠军球队的五名主力队员的身高如下表:(单位:厘米)
号码 身高 4 178 7 180 9 182 10 181 23 179 则该队主力队员身高的方差是 厘米2. 17.九年级三班小亮同学学习了“测量物体高度”一节课后, 他
为了测得右图所放风筝的高度,进行了如下操作:
(1)在放风筝的点A处安置测倾器,测得风筝C的仰角∠CBD?60?;
(2)根据手中剩余线的长度出风筝线BC的长度为70米; (3)量出测倾器的高度AB?1.5米.
根据测量数据,计算出风筝的高度CE约为 米.(精确
B 到0.1米,3?1.73)
A 60°
C
D E (第17题图)
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三、解答题(本大题共3个小题,共32分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤) 18.(本小题满分16分) (1)计算:?x?1??2?1?x? (2)解分式方程:
19.(本小题满分8分)
(1)已知,如图①,在?ABCD中,E、F是对角线BD上的两点,且BF?DE.
求证:AE?CF.
A
A D
F O C E
D
E
B C B (第19题图 ①) (第19题图②)
(2)已知,如图②,AB是?O的直径,CA与?O相切于点A.连接CO交?O于点D,CO的延长线交?O于点E.∠ABD?30?,BD,连接BE、求∠EBO和∠C的度数.
22x?3?1x?1
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20.(本小题满分8分)
有3张不透明的卡片,除正面写有不同的数字外,其它均相同.将这三张卡片背面朝上洗匀后,第一次从中随机抽取一张,并把这张卡片标有的数字记作一次函数表达式中的k,第二次从余下的两张卡片中再随机抽取一张,上面标有的数字记作一次函数表达式中的b. ..(1)写出k为负数的概率;
(2)求一次函数y?kx?b的图象经过二、三、四象限的概率.(用树状图或列表法求解) ?1 ?2
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?3
正面
背面
参考答案
一、选择题(本大题共12个小题,每小题4分,共48分) 题号 答案 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 C 5 B 6 B 7 C 8 C 9 C 10 D 11 B 12 B 二、填空题(本大题共5个小题,每小题4分,共20分) 13. ?x?3??x?3? 14.3 15.
22 16.2 17.62.1
三、解答题(本大题共4个小题,共32分) 18.(本小题满分7分)
(1)解:?x?1??2?1?x?
=x2?2x?1?2?2x ···························································································· 2分 =x2?3 ··················································································································· 3分
(2)解:去分母得:2?x?1??x?3 ·············································································· 1分 解得x??1 ········································································································ 2分
检验x??1是原方程的解 ················································································· 3分 所以,原方程的解为x??1 ·············································································· 4分 19.(本小题满分7分)
(1)证明:∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形,
∴AD?BC,AD∥BC. ∴∠ADE?∠FBC ······················································································ 1分 在△ADE和△CBF中,
∵AD?BC,∠ADE?∠FBC,DE?BF ∴△ADE≌△CBF ···················································································· 2分 ∴AE?CF ··································································································· 3分
A
A D
F O E C D E B C B
(第19题图 ①) (第19题图②)
(2)解:∵DE是?O的直径
∴∠DBE?90? ······························································································ 1分 ∵∠ABD?30?
∴∠EBO?∠DBE?∠ABD?90??30??60? ········································· 2分 ∵AC是?O的切线
∴∠CAO?90? ······························································································ 3分
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又∠AOC?2∠ABD?60?
∴∠C?180??∠AOC?∠CAO?180??60??90??30? ······················· 4分
20.(本小题满分8分) 解:(1)k为负数的概率是 (2)画树状图 第一次
第二次
或用列表法:
第二次 第一次 ?1 23 ····································································································· 3分
开始
?1
?23?2 1
?23 ?1 3
?1 ?2 3 (?2,?1) (3,?1) (?1,?2) (3,?2) (?1,3) (?2,3) ?2 3 ·········································································· 5分
共有6种情况,其中满足一次函数y?kx?b经过第二、三、四象限,
即k?0,b?0的情况有2种 ··························································································· 6分 所以一次函数y?kx?b经过第二、三、四象限的概率为
26?13 ··································· 8分
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2011年中考数学复习高分冲刺经典习题3
一、选择题:(本大题10个小题,每小题4分,共40分)在每个小题的下面,都给出了代号为A、B、C、D的四个答案,其中只有一个是正确的,请将正确答案的代号填在题后的括号中.
1.6的相反数是( ) A.?6
B.6
C.
16 D.?16
2.计算a3?a2的结果是( ) A.a5
B.a?1
C.a
D.a2
△ABC与△DEF的相似比为1∶2,则△ABC与△DEF的周3.若△ABC∽△DEF,长比为( )
A.1∶4 B.1∶2 C.2∶1 D.1∶2 4.我县今年毕业的九年级学生约为13500人,数据13500用科学记数法表示为( ) A.0.135?105
B.1.35?103
C.1.35?104
D.13.5?103
5.下列图形中,由原图平移得到的图形是( )
原图 A. B. C. D.
6.已知圆的半径是5cm,如果圆心到直线的距离是5cm,那么直线和圆的位置关系是( ) A.相交 B.相切 C.相离 D.内含
7.在一个不透明的口袋中,装有若干个除颜色不同其余都相同的球,如果口袋中装有3个红球且摸到红球的概率为
12,那么口袋中球的总数为( )
E A A.12个 B.9个 C.6个 D.3个 8.如图,直线EF分别与直线AB、CD相交于点G、H,已知
?1??2?50°,GM平分?HGB交直线CD于点M.则C
?3=( ) A.60° B.65° C.70° D.130°
9.如图,点A的坐标是(2,2),若点P在x轴上,且△APO是等腰
三角形,则点P的坐标不可能是( ) ...
G 1 H 2 3 M F y 2 1 A B D
x -1 0 1 2 3 4 13 / 28
0) D.(2,0) A.(4,0) B.(1,0) C.(?22,y
*10.如图1,在直角梯形ABCD中,动点P从点B出发,沿BC,
CD运动至点D停止.设点P运动的路程为x,△ABP的
面积为y,如果y关于x的函数图象如图2所示,则△BCDD C P 5 x 2 图2
的面积是( ) A B O A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6
图1
二、填空题:(本大题6个小题,每小题4分,共24分)在每小题中,请将答案直接填在题后的横线上. 11.一元二次方程x2?16的解是 . 12.在函数y?1x?3中,自变量x的取值范围是 .
13.请同学们写出两个具有轴对称性的汉字 .
14.2008年10月在我县某体育场组织的“万人红歌会”比赛中,评分办法采用7位评委现
场打分,每队选手的最后得分为去掉1个最低分和1个最高分后的平均数.已知7倍评委给某队选手的打分是95,97,94,96,91,99,93.则该队选手的最后得分是 . 15.如图,AB与⊙O相切于点B,AO的延长线交⊙O于点C,连 结BC,若
?A?34°,则?C= . *16.观察下列等式: C 1.4?1?3?5; 2.5?2?3?7; 3.6?3?3?9 4.7?4?3?11;
2222O A B 2222????
则第n(n是正整数)个等式为________. 三、解答题:(本大题6个小题,共36分)解答时每小题必须给出必要的演算过程或推理步骤.
?1?17.(6分)计算:2009?3??4????2?02?1.
?2x≥x+1 ①18.(6分)解不等式组?,并把解集在数轴上表示出来.
?x+8≥4x-1 ②
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-1 0 1 2 3 4 19.(6分)请同学们动手用圆规和直尺完成下面作图: (1)已知?AOB,求作?AOB的平分线OP; (2)已知线段CD,求作CD的垂直平分线EF. (不要求写作法,不要求证明,保留作图痕迹即可)
A
C D
O
B
20.(6分)綦江县教委在推进课堂教学改革的过程中,为了切实减轻学生的课业负担,对义务教育阶段低年级学生原则上要求老师不布置课外作业,九年级学生每天的课外作业总时间不得超过1小时(学生阅读、自学除外):
为了了解各校情况,县教委对其中40个学校九年级学生课外完成作业时间调研后进行了统计,并根据收集的数据绘制了下面两幅不完整的统计图,请你根据图中提供的信息,解答下面的问题:
(1)计算出学生课外完成作业时间在30~45分钟的学校对应的扇形圆心角; (2)将图中的条形图补充完整;
(3)计算出学生课外完成作业时间在60~75分钟的学校占调研学校总数的百分比.
学校/个
18 30~45分钟 45~60分钟
12 6 45% 15~30分钟 30% 60~75分钟
时间/分 15 30 45 60 75 15 / 28
?x24?11x?21.(6分)先化简,再求值:?,其中. ???24?x?2x?2?x?2x
22.(6分)如图,一次函数y?kx?b(k?0)的图象与反比例函数y?相交于A、B两点.
(1)根据图象,分别写出点A、B的坐标; (2)求出这两个函数的解析式.
mx(m?0)的图象
y B 1 A O 1 x 16 / 28
参考答案
一、1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B *10.A
x?3 13.28° x1?4,x2??4 12.二、11.甲、由、中、田、日等 14.95 15.
*16.(n?3)?n?3?(2n?3)
三、17.解:原式=1?9?4?2 ···························································································· 4分
=?2. ······································································································· 6分
18.解:2x≥x+1,解得x≥1. ························································································ 2分
x?8≥4x-1,解得x≤3. ··············································································· 4分 ∴原不等式组的解集为1≤x≤3. ····································································· 5分 不等式组的解集在数轴上表示如下:
······················································ 6分 -1 0 1 2 3 4
19.解:图略.
(1)正确作出?AOB的角平分线OP. ········································································· 3分 (2)正确作出CD的垂直平分线EF. ··········································································· 6分 20.解:(1)360°?45%?162°; ····················································································· 2分 (2)40?30%?12;图略. ······························································································· 4分 (3)40?12?18?6?4,?100%?10%. ··································································· 6分
40422四、21.解:原式=
x?4x?212?1x?2x2 ···················································································· 2分
=
(x?2)(x?2)x?21x?x(x?2) ······························································································· 6分
= ····································································································································· 8分
14当x?时,原式=
114?4. ·························································································· 10分
22.解:(1)解:由图象知,点A的坐标为(?6,?1),
点B的坐标为(3,2) ···································································································· 4分 (2)∵反比例函数y?∴2?m3mx的图象经过点B,
,即m?6.
6x∴所求的反比例函数解析式为y?. ·········································································· 6分
∵一次函数y?kx?b的图象经过A、B两点,
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∴???1??6k?b?2?3k?b ·············································································································· 7分
1??k?解这个方程组,得?······························································································ 9分 3 ·
?b?1?∴所求的一次函数解析式为y?
13x?1. ···································································· 10分
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2011年中考数学复习高分冲刺经典习题 (4)
一、填空题:请将答案填写在答题卷中的横线上,本大题共10小题;每小题4分,共40分.
A B1.分解因式:a2+2a= _.
2.如图,在□ABCD中,∠A=120°,则∠D=_ °.
DC3.在钦州保税港区的建设中,建设者们发扬愚公移山、精卫填海的精神,每天吹沙填海造地约40亩.据统计,最多一天吹填的土石方达316700方,这个数字用科学计数法表示为_ _方(保留三个有效数字).
4.如图中物体的一个视图(a)的名称为 .
5.在不透明的袋子中装有4个红球和7个黄球,每个球除颜色外都相同,从中任意摸出一个球,摸到_ _球的可能性大. 6.钟表分针的运动可看作是一种旋转现象,一只标准时钟的分针匀速旋转,经过15分钟旋转了_ _度.
7.一次函数的图象过点(0,2),且函数y的值随自变量x的增大而增大,请写出一个符合条件的函数解析式:_ _. 8.如图是反比例函数y=
kx 从正面看 (a) BCy在第二象限内的图象,若图中的矩形OABC
AO的面积为2,则k=_ _.
9.如图,PA、PB分别与⊙O相切于点A、B,⊙O的切线EF分别交
xPA、PB于点E、F,切点C在⊙O上,若PA长为2,则△PEF的周长是_ _.
10.一组按一定规律排列的式子:-a,
2ECA??POFBa52,-
a83,
a114,…,(a≠0)则第n个式子是
____ (n为正整数).
二、选择题:本大题共8小题;每小题4分,共32分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有
一项是正确的,请将正确答案前的字母填入答题卷中选择题答题卡对应的空格内.每小题选对得3分,选错,不选或多选均得零分. 11.实数1的倒数是( ) A.0
32B.1
22C.-1
12D.±1
3312.sin30°的值为( ) A.
B.
C.
D.
13.某校计划修建一座既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形的花坛,从学生中征集到的设计方
案有等腰三角形、正三角形、等腰梯形、菱形等四种方案,你认为符合条件的是( )
A.等腰三角形 A.(-2,-1)
B.正三角形 B.(2,1)
C.等腰梯形 C.(2,-1)
D.菱形 D.(-2,1)
AO14.点P(-2,1)关于 y轴对称的点的坐标为( )
15.如图,在等腰梯形ABCD中,AB=DC,AC、BD交于点O,则图中全等三角形共有( )
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DBC
A.2对 C.4对 A.y=2x2+3 C.y=2(x+3) A.AB垂直平分CD C.AB与CD互相垂直平分
2
B.3对 D.5对 B.y=2x2-3 D.y=2(x-3)
B.CD垂直平分AB D.CD平分∠ACB
2
16.将抛物线y=2x2向上平移3个单位得到的抛物线的解析式是( )
C17.如图,AC=AD,BC=BD,则有( )
ABD18.如图,有一长为4cm,宽为3cm的长方形木板在桌面上做无滑动的翻滚(顺时针方向),
木板上的顶点A的位置变化为A→A1→A2,其中第二次翻滚被桌面上一小木块挡住,使木板边沿A2C与桌面成30°角,则点A翻滚到A2位置时,共走过的路径长为( )
A.10cm C.4.5πcm
B.3.5πcm D.2.5πcm
BC AA1A2三、解答题:本大题3题,共28分.解答应写出文字说明或演算步骤. 19.(本题满分8分,每小题4分)
(1)解不等式:x-1<0,并把它的解集在数轴上表示出来; (2)解方程:
32x?11=1.
20.(本题满分10分,每小题5分)
(1)当b?0时,比较1+b与1的大小;
a??3a?(2)先化简,再求值:???a?1a?1?·a?1a2,其中a=7+1(精确到0.01).
21.(本题满分10分,每小题5分)
(1)已知:如图1,在矩形ABCD中,AF=BE.求证:DE=CF; (2)已知:如图2,⊙O1与坐标轴交于A(1,0)、B(5,0)两点,点O1的纵坐标为5.求⊙O1的半径.
y F E A B
O1O
A B xBD OA C 图2 图1
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参考答案
一、填空题:(每小题4分,共40分) 1.a(a+2)
2.60
3.3.17×105 8.-2
4.主视图 9.4
5.黄
n6.90
a3n?17.y=kx+2(k>0即可) 10.(?1)n
二、选择题:(每小题4分,共32分)
题号 答案 11 B 12 C 13 D 14 B 15 B 16 A 17 A 18 B 三、解答题:(本大题共3小题,共28分.解答应写出文字说明或演算步骤)
19.解:(1)去分母,移项,得 x<3.··············································································· 3分
这个不等式的解集在数轴上表示如下:
0?3 ···················································································· 5分
(2)两边都乘以x+1,得
2=x+1. ········································································································· 7分 移项,合并同类项,得 x=1. ··············································································································· 8分 当x=1时, x+1=2≠0, ············································································· 9分 ∴原方程的根是:x=1. ·············································································· 10分
20.解:(1)∵b≠0时,∴b>0或b<0. ·········································································· 1分
当b>0时,1+b>1, ···················································································· 3分 当b<0时,1+b<1; ···················································································· 5分 (2)原式=
=
2aa?12aa?1?a?1a2 ······················································································· 6分
············································································ 7分
?(a?1)(a?1)a=2(a-1). ···························································································· 8分 ∵a=7+1, ∴原式=2(a-1)
=2(7+1-1) ··············································································· 9分 =27≈5.29. ················································································· 10分
21.(1)证明:∵AF=BE,EF=EF,∴AE=BF. ··························· 1分
∵四边形ABCD是矩形,
∴∠A=∠B=90°,AD=BC. ··································· 3分 ∴△DAE≌△CBF. ···················································· 4分 ∴DE=CF; ································································ 5分
(2)解:过点O1作O1C⊥AB,垂足为C,
则有AC=BC. ······························································· 6分
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A F E B C D yO1O A OACB xB图2 由A(1,0)、B(5,0),得AB=4,∴AC=2. ········ 7分 在Rt△AO1C中,∵O1的纵坐标为5,
∴O1C=5. ································································· 9分
∴⊙O1的半径O1A=O1C2?AC2?(5)2?22=3. ······························ 10分
小王 小李 正面 正面 开始 反面 正面 反面 反面 小林 正面 反面 正面 反面 正面 反面 正面 反面 不确确确确确确不结果 确定定定定定定确定定 22 / 28
2011年中考数学复习高分冲刺经典习题 (5)
一、选择题:本大题共12小题,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是正确的,请把正确的选项选出来.每小题选对得4分,选错、不选或选出的答案超过一个均记零分. 1.某市2009年元旦的最高气温为2℃,最低气温为-8℃,那么这天的最高气温比最低气温高( ) A.-10℃
4B.-6℃ C.6℃ D.10℃
2.计算???3a2b3?的结果是( )
A.81a8b12
B.12a6b7 C.?12a6b7
D.?81a8b12
3.如图所示,把一个长方形纸片沿EF折叠后,点D,C分别落在D′,C′的位置.若∠EFB=65°,则∠AED′等于( ) A.70° B. 65° C. 50° D. 25°
4.已知点M (-2,3 )在双曲线y?kxA
D′ B
E
D
C′ (第3题图)
F C 上,则下列各点一定在该双曲线上的是( )
A.(3,-2 ) B.(-2,-3 ) C.(2,3 ) D.(3,2) 5.如图,在□ABCD中,已知AD=8cm, AB=6cm, DE平分∠ADC交BC边于点E,
D A
则BE等于( )
A.2cm C.6cm
B.4cm
E
(第5题图) B C
D.8cm
6.如图,下列四个几何体中,它们各自的三视图(主视图、左视图、俯视图)中,有两个..相同而另一个不同的几何体是( )
①正方体
②圆柱
③圆锥
④球
(第6题图)
A.①② B.②③
C. ②④ D.③④
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1?3x?1?x?,?7.不等式组?22的解集在数轴上表示正确的是( )
?3?x≥2?
-3
C.
0 1 -3 A.
0 1 -1 0 B. -1 0 D.
N1 M1
3 3 8.在下图4×4的正方形网格中,△MNP绕某点旋转一定的角度,得到△M1N1P1,则其旋转中心可能是( ) A.点A B.点B C.点C D.点D
?x?y?5k,9.若关于x,y的二元一次方程组?的解也是二元一次方程
x?y?9k?2x?3y?6 的解,则k的值为( )
D B A P M P1 C N (第8题图)
A.?34 B.
34
C.
43 D.?43
10.将直径为60cm的圆形铁皮,做成三个相同的圆锥容器的侧面(不浪费材料,不计接缝处的材料损耗),那么每个圆锥容器的底面半径为( ) A.10cm
B.30cm C.40cm
D.300cm
11.若n(n?0)是关于x的方程x2?mx?2n?0的根,则m+n的值为( )
A.1 B.2
C.-1 D.-2
12.如图,点A的坐标为(-1,0),点B在直线y=x上运动,当线段AB最短时,点B的坐
标为( ) A.(0,0) B.(C.(-1222y ,?2222B )
22,-
12) D.(-,-)
A O x (第12题图)
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二、填空题:本大题共5小题,共20分,只要求填写最后结果,每小题填对得4分. 13.2009年4月16日,国家统计局发布:一季度城镇居民人均可支配收入为4834元,与
去年同时期相比增长10.2%.4838元用科学记数法表示为 . 14.甲、乙两位棉农种植的棉花,连续五年的单位面积产量(千克/亩)统计如下表,则产
量较稳定的是棉农_________________.
棉农甲 棉农乙 68 69 70 71 72 71 69 69 71 70 15.如图,在四边形ABCD中,已知AB与CD不平行,∠ABD=∠ACD,请你添加一个条
件: ,使得加上这个条件后能够推出AD∥BC且AB=CD.
A
O B (第15题图)
C
B F
(第16题图)
C A
D
E B′
16.将三角形纸片(△ABC)按如图所示的方式折叠,使点B落在边AC上,记为点B′,折
痕为EF.已知AB=AC=3,BC=4,若以点B′,F,C为顶点的三角形与△ABC相似,那么BF的长度是 .
17.正方形A1B1C1O,A2B2C2C1,A3B3C3C2,?按如图所
示的方式放置.点A1,A2,A3,?和点C1,C2,C3,?分别在直线y?kx?b(k>0)和x轴上,已知点B1(1,1),B2(3,2), 则Bn的坐标是______________.
A1 O y A2 B1 C1 A3 B2 B3 C2 C3 x (第17题图) 三、解答题:本大题共7小题,共32分.解答要写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.
18. (本题满分6分) 化简:
x?yx?3y?x?y2222x?6xy?9y?2yx?y.
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19. (本题满分7分)
某中学对全校学生60秒跳绳的次数进行了统计,全校平均次数是100次.某班体育委员统计了全班50名学生60秒跳绳的成绩,列出的频数分布直方图如下(每个分组包括左端点,不包括右端点):
求:(1)该班60秒跳绳的平均次数至少是多少?是否超过全校平均次数?
(2)该班一个学生说:“我的跳绳成绩在我班是中位数”,请你给出该生跳绳成绩的所在范围.
(3)从该班中任选一人,其跳绳次数达到或超过校平均次数的概率是多少?
20. (本题满分7分)
如图,⊙O的直径AB=4,C为圆周上一点,AC=2,过点C作⊙O的切线l,过点B作l的垂线BD,垂足为D,BD与⊙O交于点 E.
D (1) 求∠AEC的度数; (2)求证:四边形OBEC是菱形.
(第20题图)
A
O l B
C E 13 频数 19 7 5 4 2 O 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 次数
(第19题图)
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参考答案
一、选择题:(本大题共12小题,每小题3分,共36分) 题号 答案 1 D 2 D 3 C 4 A 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 B 9 B 10 A 11 D 12 C 二、填空题:(本大题共5小题,每小题4分,共20分) 13.4.834×103; 14.乙;
15.∠DAC=∠ADB,∠BAD=∠CDA,∠DBC=∠ACB,∠ABC=∠DCB,OB=OC,OA=OD;(任选其一) 16.
127n?1或2; 17.?2n?1,2?.
三、解答题:(本大题共7小题, 共64分) 18.(本小题满分6分)
解:原式=
x?yx?3yx?yx?3y?
x?6xy?9yx?y2222?2yx?y2yx?y ··································································· 1分 ···································································· 4分
= = =
?x?3y??
?x?y??x?y??2yx?y2?x?3yx?yx?yx?y ······························································································· 6分
=1. ······························································································ 7分
19.(本小题满分9分)
解:(1)该班60秒跳绳的平均次数至少是:
60?4?80?13?100?19?120?7?140?5?160?250=100.8.
因为100.8>100,所以一定超过全校平均次数. ························································· 3分
(2)这个学生的跳绳成绩在该班是中位数,由4+13+19=36,所以中位数一定在100~120范围内. ··························································································································· 6分
(3)该班60秒跳绳成绩大于或等于100次的有:19+7+5+2=33(人), ·················· 8分
3350?0.66.
所以,从该班任选一人,跳绳成绩达到或超过校平均次数的概率为0.66. ·········· 9分 20.(本题满分9分)
(1)解:在△AOC中,AC=2, ∵ AO=OC=2,
∴ △AOC是等边三角形. ··································· 2分 ∴ ∠AOC=60°,
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∴∠AEC=30°. ···················································· 4分 (2)证明:∵OC⊥l,BD⊥l.
∴ OC∥BD. ························································ 5分 ∴ ∠ABD=∠AOC=60°. ∵ AB为⊙O的直径,
∴ △AEB为直角三角形,∠EAB=30°. ············································································· 7分 ∴∠EAB=∠AEC.
∴ 四边形OBEC 为平行四边形. ············································································· 8分 又∵ OB=OC=2.
∴ 四边形OBEC是菱形. ························································································· 9分
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