英语基础翻译经典译例35710

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第三章 英汉语言对比

1.Its gleaming闪烁的 sands and backdrop背景 of pine woods and distant hills give it a pleasant and restful atmosphere. (动静结合)

【译文】这儿沙滩闪烁,松林掩映,远山连绵,自有一种心旷神怡的气氛。

2.On several occasions I watched him paint fluffy毛绒绒的 little chicks and vivid cormorants with their heads in clear green water. (化零为整)

【译文】我曾多次见他画小鸡,毛茸茸,很可爱;也见过他画的鱼鹰,水是绿的,钻进水里的,很生动。(化整为零) 3.If you confer(授予,赋予) a benefit,never remember it; If you receive one,remember it always. (形合,直译)

【译文】施恩勿记,受恩勿忘。

4.Slowly climbs the summer moon.(句型结构转换) 【译文】夏天的月亮慢慢地爬上来了。

5.Heat is constantly produced by the body as a result of muscular肌肉的 and cellular细胞的 activity. (被动变主动)

【译文】由于肌肉和细胞活动的结果,身体不断地产生热。

6.In future conflicts, similar logistical后勤方面的 problems are likely to be repeated.(被动变主动)

【译文】在未来的冲突中,类似的后勤问题大概还会重复出现 。 7.That girl student is in the green.(英语词汇含义多——内涵意义) 【译文】那个女生正值青春年少

8.Science is a servant of mankind.(英语词汇含义多) 【译文】科学造福于人类。

9.I used to be a bit of a fancier myself.(化静为动) 【译文】过去我也常常有点胡思乱想。 有特别爱好的人,发烧友

10.Silence followed this remark.(化动为静) 【译文】话音落下,一阵沉默。

11.We should find truth in the light of science.(英语词汇搭配多——固定搭配) 【译文】根据科学,探求真理

12.She was happiness incarnate.(定语的位置) 【译文】她是幸福的化身。

13.He left today week.(状语的位置) 【译文】他上星期的今天离开了。

14.He will leave today week.(状语的位置) 【译文】他将在下星期的今天离开。

15.He is not so ill but he can come to school.(词汇固定搭配,不可望文生义) 【译文】他还不至于病得不能上学。

16.It is not half bad for a beginner.(词汇固定搭配,不可望文生义) 【译文】就新手而言,这是相当不错的了。 17.It is not half hot today.(状语位置)

【译文】今天很热。

18.I’m something of a carpenter.(状语位置在修饰词之前,翻译时应仔细推敲) 【译文】我能作些木工活。

19.Xiao Gao is anything of a gentleman.(状语位置变化) 【译文】小高有点儿君子的风度。

20.His weariness and the increasing heat determined him to sit down in the first convenient shade.(英汉句子结构的互换)

【译文】她很疲惫,也感到越来越热,于是决定一遇到有阴凉地方就坐下来休息。

21.What troubles me is that I don’t have much experience in this kind of work.(英语并列句、复合句可转换成汉语简单句)

【译文】使我苦恼的是我做这种工作经验不多。

22.That region was the most identifiable trouble spot.(句子的结构转换)

【译文】那是个是非之地,大家都看得出来。

23.The young cyclist dashed about madly and was knocked down by a truck.(调整逻辑顺序 ) 【译文】那个骑车的青年横冲直撞,结果被一辆卡车撞倒了。

24.This preface(序言 ) must necessarily be short and modest, for I cannot claim to be an expert in painting, merely an ardent(热情的) lover of the art.(按照逻辑顺序)

【译文】我在绘画方面谈不上有所专攻,只是热爱这门艺术而已,因此要为这部画册作序,只能三言两语谈一点肤浅的看法。

25.He stands on the threshold门槛 of a distinguished career.(英汉句意表达对比,英汉都有增补与省略)

【译文】他前程似锦。

26.Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.(英汉增补) 勇敢过度,即成蛮勇;感情过度,即成溺爱;节约过度,即成贪婪。

27.The love of money is the root of all evils. (英汉句意表达对比,英汉都有词类转换) 【译文】贪财是万恶之源。

28.Asia’s strength of economic management has not been in its perfection, but in its pragmatism实用主义and flexibility灵活性, 弹性 . (英汉句意表达对比,英汉都有巧妙重复) 【译文】亚洲经济管理向来不以完美见长,而是以务实和弹性取胜。

29.Although they were promised better housing in the North, some families were forced to live in overcrowded and unhealthy quarters.(英文中的增补)

【译文】虽然他们获得保证,在北部会有更好的住房,可是很多家庭仍不得不住在拥挤不堪,卫生条件极差的地方。

30.The most valuable in life is life; the greatest necessity in life is study; the greatest pleasure in life is work, while the most important in life is friendship. (Stalin)(英汉受上下文制约要正确选择词义)

【译文】人生最宝贵的是生命,人生最需要的是学习,人生最愉快的是工作,人生最重要的是友谊。

31.With all his achievements he remains modest and prudent.(英文的增补,将状语补成句子进行翻译)

【译文】他虽有很多成就,但还是谦虚谨慎。

32.He felt a qualm in his stomach, and it was more in memory of his own loneliness than anticipation of hers.(英汉句子语序的调整—按照信息中心) qualm [kwɑ:m] n.疑虑, 晕眩, 紧张不安

【译文】他感到一阵心酸,与其说是预见了她的凄凉,倒不如说是想到了他自己的孤独。 33.For example, a girl student who had difficulty studying made dramatic strides when she got a better desk lamp and moved her desk away from her bed.(英汉句子语序的调整—调整时间顺序)

【译文】例如,有位女学生,原来学习很吃力,但自从换了一盏好台灯,并把桌子从床边搬开以后,学习就取得了长足的进步。

第五章 词义的处理

1. “I will teach him to deceive others,” he said. (词义的选择,避免望文生义)

【译文】他说,“我要教训他一顿,看他还敢不敢再欺骗人。” 2. She has given heart to him.(词义的选择,避免望文生义)

【译文】她鼓励了他。

3. I bought a tape-recorder for a song. (词义的选择,避免望文生义)

【译文】我廉价买了一台录音机。

4. The doctor said to me, “That patient may die of cancer, for all I care.”(词义的选择,避免望文

生义)

【译文】医生对我说,“那个病人可能会死于癌症。”

5. Everything was working very smoothly and I felt on top of the world.(词义的选择,避免望文

生义)

【译文】一切进展顺利,我感到满意极了。

6. There is no need for you to worry; if anything goes wrong it is I who will have to face the music.(词义选择,注重词性,动词)

【译文】你没有必要担心,如果有什么差错,我来承担后果。

7. They have winked at these irregularities too long.(词义选择,注重词性,名词)

【译文】他们对这些舞弊勾当长久视而不见。

8. Jane’s been ill, but she’s as right as rain now.(词义选择,注重词性,形容词、副词)

【译文】珍妮一直有病,可现在身体很好。

9. Because he has caught cold he is not at home today. (词义选择,注重词性,介词短语)

【译文】他今天感冒了,不能接见客友。

10. He was at once a soldier and a writer.(词义选择,注重词性,介词短语)

【译文】他是一个军人,同时又是一个作家。

11. What can easily be seen in his poems are his imagery and originality, power and range.(词义选

择, )

【译文】他的诗形象生动,独具一格,而且气势磅礴,题材广泛,这是显而易见的。 12. Every one of us poured forth his expertise. (词义选择,注重搭配)

【译文】我们每个人都充分发挥了自己的专长。

13. Care killed a cat.(词义选择,立足三“意”:基本意义、衍生意义、搭配意义)

【译文】忧虑伤身。〔谚语〕

14. It cost him a sight of trouble.(词义选择,立足三“意”)

【译文】那给他招来一大堆麻烦。

15. He fell in love with her at first sight.(词义选择,立足三“意”)

【译文】他对她一见钟情。

16. The Great Wall in China is one of the sights of the world.(词义选择,立足三“意”)

【译文】中国长城是世界名胜之一。

17. Things cannot be always to one’s liking.(词义选择,瞻前顾后)

【译文】事情不会总是称心如意的。 18. Like likes like.(词义选择,瞻前顾后)

【译文】物以类聚。

19. I want to present everyone present a present. (词义选择,看词在句中位置)

【译文】我想给在场的每个人赠送一份礼物。

20. It’s not a good habit for a child to water anywhere.(词义的近似)

【译文】小孩随地小便可不是一个好习惯。

21. Suddenly, something inside me turned.(词义的升华)

突然,我心里一酸。

22. Every life has its roses and thorns.(把具体的词义抽象化化)

【译文】生活有苦也有甜。

23. Watch out for Harlow, he’s full of mickey mouse ideas.(把具体的词义抽象化)

【译文】要提防着点哈洛,他满脑子的歪门邪道。

24. There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of the terrorists.(把具体的词义抽象

化)

【译文】恐怖主义分子的性格是既残暴又狡猾。 25. This reminds me about Lot’s wife.(注意比喻和典故)

【译文】这引起了我的好奇心。

26. It’s unfair that historians always attribute the fall of kingdoms to Helen of Troy.(注意比喻和典

故)

【译文】历史学家们总是把王国的倾覆归咎于红颜祸水,这是不公平的。

27. Our son must go to school. He must break out of the pot that holds us in.(褒义)

【译文】我们的儿子一定要上学,一定要出人头地。 28. He has the assurance to ask me for money.(贬义)

【译文】他竟然厚着脸皮向我要钱。

29. He looked at her with a smile pasted on her porcine face.(贬义)

【译文】他看着她,猪一样的脸上皮笑肉不笑。 30. They seize every opportunity to do all kinds of evils. 他们无孔不入,干尽坏事。(贬义)

第七章 增补与省略

1. It is fitting that we should remember him on his birthday. (译形容词时增加程度副词) 【译文】我们在他的诞辰之日来纪念他是比较合适的。

2. At the same time, inequality has become worse, poverty has increased absolutely.(给表示现

象、动作、状态、方法或过程的名词添加范畴。)

【译文】同时贫富不均的现象变得更加严重,贫穷者人数绝对增加了。

3. Use your intelligence, and you're sure to achieve something.(译抽象名词时增加另一个抽象

名词)

【译文】发挥你的聪明才智, 你一定能取得成就。

4. We admire him for the way in which he faces his difficulties. (译名词复数时增加表示门类、

数量概念的词)

【译文】我们赞赏他面对各种困难的做法

5. Some of the gases in the air are fairly constant in amount, while others are not.(补译替代部分) 【译文】空气中有些气体的含量相当稳定,有些就不稳定。

6. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.(补译省略部分)

【译文】读书可以培养一个完美的人,说话可以训练一个敏捷的人,写作可以造就一个准确的人。

7. Know the true value of time; snatch夺取 , seize抓住 , and enjoy every moment of it.(补译替

代部分)

【译文】知道时间的真正价值。才能争取每一刻,抓住每一刻, 享受每一刻。 8. I hope that the meeting will not be too long, for it will only waste time.(补译替代部分) 【译文】希望会议不要开得太久,太久了只会浪费时间。

9. And a growing minority of Western intellectuals agreed.(补译解释说明)

【译文】越来越多的西方知识分子当时接受这种看法,虽然从数量上说,他们仍然是少数。

10. He poured out his tale of misfortunes.(根据语气增词) 【译文】他滔滔不绝地诉说了自己的遭遇。

11. The speed and reliability are the chief advantage of the electronic computer. (根据语境增词) 【译文】运行速度快,可靠性高是电子计算机的主要优点。 12. Illness prevented him from doing his work.(根据逻辑修辞增词) 【译文】他因病不能干活。

13. “I’ll make a doctor of him,” said Mrs. White.(根据语气增译)

【译文】“我一定要把他培养成一个高明的医生,”怀特太太说。 14. The rocket was invented by Chinese in the 12th century.(介词的省略) 【译文】中国人在12世纪就发明了火箭。

15. Because everyone uses language to talk, everyone thinks he can talk about language. (连词的

省略) (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe)

【译文】人人都用语言交谈,人人也就自以为能够谈论语言。

16. The rate of a chemical reaction is proportional to the concentrations of the reacting substances.(冠词的省译)

【译文】化学反应的速度与反应物的浓度成正比。

17. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory, and our interests are in grave

danger.(连词的省译)

【译文】必须看到,我们的人民、我们的国土、我们的利益都处于严重的危险之中。

第十章 习语、俚语、谚语、外来语的翻译

1. An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. (习语——直译)

【译文】以眼还眼,以牙还牙。

2. Run with the tail between the legs. (习语——直译)

【译文】夹着尾巴逃跑。

3. Life is but an empty dream. (习语——套译)

【译文】人生如梦。

4. A lame traveler should get out bedtimes. (习语——套译)

【译文】笨鸟先飞。 5. to cross the Rubicon=

passing the point of no return (习语——释义) 【译文】做出(采取)无可后悔的决定(行动);破釜沉舟

6. from the egg to the apple (习语——意译)

【译文】自始至终。

7. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. (习语——意译)

【译文】到什么山,唱什么歌。(入乡随俗)

8. I’ve carried a torch for her for years. (俚语——名词词组)

【译文】多年来我一直热恋着她。

9. I’ve got you pinned to the ground so you might as well cry uncle. (俚语——专有名词词组) 【译文】你已经跑不了啦,最好还是认输吧。 10. I always play by the numbers so you can trust me.

(俚语——动词词组) 【译文】我总是规规矩矩的,你尽可以相信我。

11. A holiday at the seashore is just my dish of tea.(俚语—名词词组)

【译文】去海边度假正是我的爱好。

12. Beyond the mountains there are people to be found.

(谚语——套译) 【译文】山外有山,天外有天。

13. A book is known in time of need. (谚语——套译)

【译文】书到用时方恨少。

14. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, (谚语——直译)

【译文】早睡早起,富裕、聪明、身体好。

15. Great hopes make a great man. (谚语——直译)

【译文】宏伟抱负造伟人。

16. He that is down, down with him. (谚语——意译) 【译文】落井下石。人一倒,众人踩。墙倒众人推。

wealthy and wise.

17. If there were no clouds, we should not enjoy the sun.

(谚语——意译) 【译文】吃得苦中苦,方知甜中甜。

18. toast (外来语——音译(全音译))

【译文】吐司

19. Cookies (外来语——音译(部分音译))

【译文】曲奇饼

20. Carefour (外来语——音译(约定俗成))

【译文】家乐福

21. Boston (外来语——常见音译(地名))

【译文】波士顿

22. Snow White (外来语——常见音译(人名-译意))

【译文】白雪公主

23. Clinton (外来语——常见音译(人名-译音))

【译文】克林顿

24. Benz (外来语——常见音译(商标))

【译文】奔驰(汽车) 25. Hamlet

(外来语——常见音译(音译书名、电影(视剧)片名、戏剧名)) 【译文】《哈姆雷特》/《王子复仇记》 26. gene

(外来语——常见音译(音译科技文化新词)) 【译文】基因

27. Home Alone (外来语——意译)

【译文】《小鬼当家》

28. hunting-cap (外来语——形译)

【译文】鸭舌帽

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