实验(3)开关稳压电源制作实验报告

更新时间:2024-03-15 01:05:01 阅读量: 综合文库 文档下载

说明:文章内容仅供预览,部分内容可能不全。下载后的文档,内容与下面显示的完全一致。下载之前请确认下面内容是否您想要的,是否完整无缺。

电源技术实训报告

开关稳压电源制作

系别:机电工程系 专业:应用电子技术 姓名: 同组成员: 学号:0906020122 指导老师:

2011年11月

目录

1、任务与要求·············································1

0

1.1、任务······················································1 1.2、要求······················································1

2、方案论证··············································1

2.1 DC-DC主回路拓扑···········································1 2.2控制方法及实现方案·········································1

3. 电路设计···············································2

3.1电路整体设计···············································2 3.2 主回路器件的选择··········································2 3.3控制电路设计···············································3 3.4效率的理论分析及算·········································3 3.5过流/过压保护电路原理与设计································3

4.测试方法与数据········································4

4.1 测试仪器···················································4 4.2测试方法···················································4

5.测试结果分析··········································5

5.1实验结果··················································5 5.2误差分析···················································5 5.3改进措施···················································5

6.电路图原理图及PCB图··································6 7.参考文献·············································7

8.元件清单············································7

1任务与要求

1

1.1、任务

设计并制作如图1所示开关稳压电源。

开关稳压电源IINIOUIN隔离U1=220VAC变压器U2=18VAC整流滤波DC-DC变换器UORL

图1-1 电路框图

1.2、要求 在电阻负载条件下,使电源满足下述要求:

基本要求

(1) 输出电压Uo可调范围:30V-36V; (2)最大输出电流Iomax:1A;

(3)U2从18V变到21V时,计算电压调整率:Su≤2%; (4)计算DC-DC变换器的效率n

(5)具有过流保护功能,动作电流Io(th)=1.3+0.2A;

2、方案论证

2.1 DC-DC主回路拓扑

图2-1 主电路

2.2控制方法及实现方案

采用电压型脉宽调制技术,产生频率固定,脉冲宽度可调整的方波脉冲,采用电压反馈环控制系统,它的反馈信息取自输出电压,用反馈电压调整控制器的输出脉冲宽度,改变脉冲占空比,实现开关电源的稳定。

3. 电路设计

3.1电路整体设计

2

通过TL494控制输出脉宽控制IRF640的开关频率,使电感储存电能的时间不同,从而控制输出电压的高低。

图3-1

TL494管脚分布和内部电路图

3.2 主回路器件的选择

TL494、IRF640、FR157、600uH电感、220uF/50V电容 3.3控制电路设计

通过电阻R10、R11、R12分压采样反馈到TL494的1脚,然后与2脚的基准电压比较,从而改变3脚电位的高低,达到控制脉宽的宽窄。通过电阻R14的电压采样反馈到TL494的16脚,后与15脚电压进行比较,改变3脚电位的高低,即可控制脉宽的宽窄。 3.4效率的理论分析及计算

在U2=18V,输出电压UO=45V,输出电流IO=2A的测试条件下。此电路的额定功率PO=90W,为了使此电路的效率达到?以上则要求输入功率为100W,允许损耗的功率为10W。

电路的损耗一般包括电感储能损耗,整流二极管损耗,开关管的损耗。

(1)储能电感损耗,储能电感损耗公式如下:

PIND=PCO+PPE=I2rmsRe+△Bm

其大致功率为1.4w。

(2)肖特基二极管的损耗,当二极管导通时流过二极管的电流等于电感电流,约为IO=3.86A,为降低损耗可以采用双管并联的方式,每只二极管的电流约为1.8A,对应其UD=0.42V,二极管导通损耗PD=IOUD=1.8w

(3)开关管的损耗包括开关损耗和导通损耗。开关管的损耗直接与开关频率有关系,其功率损耗的计算公式为 P=I2RTonf+0.5×2∫50i2Rf。

取Ton=T/2,f=50kHz,则开关管得损耗约为1.5W。

3

经计算,可得到电路的功率损耗约为4.7W,其效率可达到95.3%

3.5过流/过压保护电路原理与设计

过流保护:如图R14电阻对负载电流进行取样,返回至TL494的16脚,与15脚电压进行比较,当16脚电压超过15脚电压时,使3脚电压上升,从而降低输出的占空比;

过压保护;如图3与图4,将可调电阻R14的2脚电压接至LM339的正端,输出端接至TL494的4脚,当Uref电压超过负端电压时,输出端为高电平,使TL494的4脚电压为高电平,从而使TL494输出占空比为0;

图 3-2

过压保护电路

4、测试方法与数据

4.1 测试仪器

数字万用表、电源 4.2测试方法

①电路板焊接完后,用万用表测试电路板是否有短路、断路;

②检查无误后,给电路板上电,电压表打到DC200V档,红表笔接TL494的12脚,黑表笔接7脚,测得电压是否为电源电压,若不相等,先检查下电路板; ③用示波器测量TL494的5脚,测得为三角波;

④用万用表测量TL494的4脚是否为低电平,若不是,则调整可调电阻R15,使4脚电压为低电平;

⑤调整可调电阻R6,使15脚电压与16脚电压进行比较,从而改变输出的占空比。

5、测试结果分析

5.1测试结果

4

本文来源:https://www.bwwdw.com/article/ef48.html

Top