现代大学英语精读第五册 课后答案

Lesson One Where Do We Go from Here?

1. The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy.

It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.

2. Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.

If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.

3. The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation. The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when a negro is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone else,

can he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free.

4. Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.

Power in its best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way of love with power.

5. At that time economic status was considered the measure of the individual’s ability and talents.

At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was to see how much money he had made (or how wealthy he was).

6. …the absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber.

A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong.

7. It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster, or by animal necessity.

This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forced

to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed.

8. …when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated.

…when the unfair practice of judhing human value by the amount of money a person has irs done away with.

9. He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality.

Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven.

10. Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds.

Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination.

Translation

1. A white lie is better than a black lie.

一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。

2. To upset this cultural homicide,the Negro must rise up

with an affirmation of his own Olympian manhood.

为了挫败各种蓄意培植的低人一等的心态，黑人必须直起腰来宣布自己高贵的人格。

3. ... with a spirit staining toward true self-esteem, the Negro must boldly throw off the manacles of self-abnegation...

黑人必须以一种竭尽全力自尊自重的精神，大胆抛弃自我克制的枷锁。

4. What is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and love without power is sentimental and anemic.

必须懂得没有爱的权力是毫无节制、易被滥用的，而没有权力的爱则是多愁善感、脆弱无力的。

5. It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the major crisis of our times.

正是这种邪恶的权力和没有权势的道义的冲突构成了我们时代的主要危机。

6. Now early in this century this proposal would have been greeted with ridicule and denunciation, as destructive of initiative and responsibility.

在本世纪之初，这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责，认为它对主动性和

责任感起负面作用

7. The fact is that the work which improves the condition of mankind, the work which extends knowledge and increases power and enriches literature and elevates thought, is not done to secure a living.

事实上，人们从事改善人类处境的工作，从事传播知识、增强实力、丰富文学财富以及升华思想的工作并不是为了谋生。

8. ... it can spend billions of dollars to put God's children on their own two feet right here on earth.

......它能够花费几十亿美元帮助上帝的孩子自立于这个世界。

9. Furthermore, few if any violent revolutions have been successful unless the violent minority had the sympathy and support of the nonresistant majority.

除非主张暴力的少数人得到大多数人的同情与支持，不和他们对抗，否则，暴力革命很少或者说几乎没有成功的。

10. Let us realize the arc of the moral universe is long but it bends towards justice.

我们要懂得道义的苍穹长又长，但它终将落向正义。

让这一信念成为我们的战斗口号。它将给我们勇气以面对无法预见的未来，它将给我们疲惫的双脚以新的力量，向着自由大城大踏步继续我们的征程。当绝望的阴云密布，我们的日子变得阴郁无望时，当我们的夜晚变得比1000个深夜还黑暗时，让我们记

住宇宙之间有一种创造力，能把黑暗的昨天变成光辉灿烂的明天。让我们铭记道德的苍穹长又长，但它终将落向正义。

Lesson Three Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.

1. Yet globalization… “is a reality, not a choice”.

Yet globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is already a matter of life which you will encounter and have to respond to every day.

2. Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties. Political groups with broadens support have come into being to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign "cultural assault".

3. …where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for the upper hand…

In China, the two trends of closed-door and open-door policies have long been struggling for dominance.

4. Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers that work.

The Chinese people should continue to live a backward life while we live comfortably with all modern convenience.

5. Westernization… is a phenomenon shot with inconsistencies and populated by very strange bedfellows. Westernization is a concept full of self-contradiction and held by people of very different backgrounds or views.

6. You don’t have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye.

In trying to find out what will be the future trend,you don't need to be fashionable yourself, all you need is awareness, that is to say, you need to be on the alert, to be observant.

7. He… was up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones.

He was moving around, playing a game through the Internet, with people living in different time zones,thus their activity on the computer broke down time zone limit.

8. In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising ＄100,000.

The Gucci store didn't expect the first two weeks of its opening in Shanghai business could be so good.

9. Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of compass to guide me through the wilds of global culture. From the very beginning I know I need some theory as guideline to help me in my study of global culture as

globalization,to guide me through such a great variety of cultural phenomena.

10. The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal.

The way of showing repentance might be peculiar to the Jews, but the strong desire of gaining forgiveness from God is common, shared by all.

Lesson Four Professions for Women

1. Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by a writer.

If you want to be musician or painter, you must own a piano or hire models, and you have to visit or even live in cultural centers like Paris, Vienna and Berlin. And also you have to be taught by masters and mistresses. However, if you want to be a writer, you don’t need all this.

2. She would have plucked the heart out of my writing.

Those conventional attitudes would have taken away the most important part of my writing, the essence of my writing.

3. Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her.

Thus, whenever I felt the influence of the Victorian attitudes on my writing, I fought back with all my power.

4. For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in theses respects, I doubt that they realize or can control the extreme severity with which they condemn such freedom in women.

It was a sensible thing for men to given themselves great freedom to talk about the body and their passions. But if women want to have the same freedom, men condemn such freedom in women. And I do not believe that they realize how severely they condemn such freedom in women, nor do I believe that they can control their extremely severe condemnation of such freedom in women.

5. Indeed it will be a long time still, I think, before a woman can sit down to write a book without finding a phantom to be slain, a rock to be dasher against.

It will take a long time for women to rid themselves of false values and attitudes and to overcome the obstacle to telling the truth about their body and passions.

6. Even when the path is nominally open—when there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant—there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I

believe looming in her way.

Even when the path is open to women in name only, when outwardly there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, inwardly there are still false ideas and obstacles impeding a woman’s progress.

7. You have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men.

(Through fighting against the Angel in the House, through great labor and effort,) you have gained a position or certain freedom in a society that has been up to now dominated by men.

Translation

Phrases:

1. Regulating my steps

指导我向前走

2. The family purse

家庭财力/经济

3. Caught her by the throat

扼住她的喉咙

4. In the depths of our unconscious being

在无意识的最深层

5. To speak without the figure

不用修辞手段、直截了当地说

6. The extreme conventionality of the other sex

男性极端的因循守旧

7. Upon what terms

以什么为条件/在什么样的条件下

Sentences:

1. It was she who used to come between me and my paper when I was writing reviews.

就是她，在我写评论时，总是在我和我的写作之间制造麻烦。

2. I now record the one activity for which I take some credit to myself, though the credit rightly belongs to some excellent ancestors of mine who left me a certain sum of money ----- shall we say five hundred pounds a year ------ so that it was not necessary for me to depend solely on charm for my living.

下面我要说说多少是我自己决定做的一件事情，当然做此事的功劳主要还应归功于我那了不起的祖先，是他们给我留下了一笔财产——比如说每年500英镑吧——这样我就不必完全靠女人的魅力去谋生了。

3. I do not believe that anybody can know until she has expressed herself in all the arts and professions open to

human skill.

我相信，只有妇女在人类知识所涉及的全部文艺艺术和专业领域中用创造形式表达自己的情感后，她们才知道什么是妇女。

4. He wants to see the same faces...so that nothing may disturb or disquiet the mysterious nosing about, feelings round, darts, dashes and sudden discoveries of that very shy and illusive spirit, the imagination.

他希望在他写作时，每天见的人、读的书、做的事都是相同的，这样任何事物都不会打破他生活的幻想，也不会扰乱他的四处探求以及对那令人难以捉摸的东西即想象力的突然发现。

5. Be that as it may, I want you to imagine me writing a novel in a state of trance.

尽管如此，我请你们想象我在迷睡的状态中写小说。

6. The consciousness of what men will say of a woman who speaks the truth about her passion had roused her from her artist's state of unconsciousness.

她意识到男人们会如何议论一个敢讲有关激情真话的女人，这使她从艺术家的无意识状态中惊醒了。

7. Inwardly, I think, the case is very different; she has still many ghosts to fight, many prejudices to overcome.

从内心精神方面看，情况颇为不同。妇女还要与许多鬼怪展开斗争，还有许多偏见需要克服。

8. To discuss and define them is I think of great value and importance; for thus only can the labour be shared,the difficulties be solved.

讨论和界定这些障碍是十分重要的，因为只有如此我们才能共同努力克服困难。

9. Those aims cannot be taken for granted; they must be perpetually questioned and examined.

那些目的是什么，对这个问题我们不能想当然，而要不断地提出疑问和进行审视。

Lesson Five Love Is a Fallacy

1. Fads, I submit, are the very negation of reason.

I believe following passing crazes shows a complete lack of sound judgment.

2. One afternoon I found Petey lying on his bed with an expression of such distress on his face that I Immediately diagnosed appendicitis.

One afternoon,when I went back to my dorm, Petey was lying on his bed.He wore such a depressed look that I came to the conclusion at once that he was suffering from appendicitis.

3. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear.

My brain, which is as precise as a chemist's scales, began to work at high speed.

4. She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions,but I was not one to let my heart rule my head. I wanted Polly for a shrewdly calculated,entirely cerebral reason.

She was beautiful and attractive enough to arouse the desires and passions of men, but I would not let feelings or emotions get the upper hand of reason or good sense.

5. She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt sure that time would supply the lack.

She was not yet fully developed like pin-up girls but I felt sure that, given time, she would fill up and become just as glamorous.

6. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction.

In fact, she went in the opposite direction. This is a sarcastic way of saying that she was rather stupid.

7. If you were out of the picture,the field would be open. If you are no longer involved with her(If you stop dating her), others would be free to compete for her friendship.

8. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing,

resolution waning.

His head turned back and forth(looking at the coat then looking away from the coat), every time he looked, his desire for the coat grew stronger and his resolution not to give away Polly became weaker.

9. This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.

To teach her to think appeared to be a very big task,and at first I even thought of giving her back to Petey.

10. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. There is a limit to what any human being can bear. Lesson Nine

The Way to Rainy Mountain

1. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think,is where Creation was begun.

The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.

2. But warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than of survival, and they never understood the grim,unrelenting advance of the U.S.

The Kiowas often fought just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra lands or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U.S. Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.

3. My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten years.

Luckily, my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for She was born eight or ten years after the event.

4. It was a long journey toward dawn, and it led to a golden age.

They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning of a new culture, which led to the treatest moment of their history.

5. They acquired horses, and their ancient nomadic spirit was suddenly free of the ground.

Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on football, gave them this new freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic

6. From one point of view, their migration was the fruits of an old prophecy, for indeed they emerged from a sunless world.

In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log,for they did emerge from the sunless world of the mountains.

7. The Kiowas reckoned their stature by the distance they could see, and they were bent and blind in the wilderness. Their stature was measured by the distance they could see. Yet, because of the dense forests, they could not see very far, and they could hardly stand straight.

8. Clusters of trees and animals grazing far in the distance cause the vision to reach away and wonder to build upon the mind.

The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass.This landscape makes one see far and broadens one's horizon.

9. Not yet would they veer southward to the caldron of the land that lay below;they must wean their blood from the northern winter and hold the mountains a while longer in

their view.

They would not yet change the direction southward to the land lying below which was like a large kettle. First, they must give their bodies some time to get used to the plains. Secondly, they did not wants to lose sight of the mountains so soon.

10. I was never sure that I had the right to hear, so exclusive were they of all merely custom and company.

I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any customary way of praying, add which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.

11. Transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room she seemed beyond the reach of time.But that was illusion; I think I knew then that I should not see her again.

In this way she was entranced in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless(what she represented would last forever).

12. The women might indulge themselves; gossip was at once the mark and compensation of their servitude.

On these special occasions, women might make loud and

elaborate jokes and talk among themselves. Their gossip revealed their position as servants of men and also a reward for their servitude.

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